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Coordinates: 49°31′12″N 18°49′59″E / 49.52000°N 18.83306°E / 49.52000; 18.83306
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{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Hrčava
| name = Hrčava
| settlement_type = [[Village]]
| other_name =
| image_skyline = Herczawa - Hrčava.jpg
| settlement_type = [[Obec|Municipality]]
<!-- images -->
| image_caption = A general view
| image_flag = Flag of Hrcava.svg
| image_skyline = Herczawa - Hrčava.jpg
| image_shield = Herczawa herb.png
| image_caption = General view
| nickname =
| image_flag = Flag of Hrcava.svg
| motto =
| image_shield = Herczawa herb.png
<!-- location -->
⚫
| pushpin_map = Czech Republic
| subdivision_type = Country
| pushpin_label_position = none
| subdivision_name = {{CZE}}
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the Czech Republic
| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of the Czech Republic|Region]]
⚫
| coordinates = {{coord|49|31|30|N|18|50|4|E|region:CZ|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Moravian-Silesian Region|Moravian-Silesian]]
| subdivision_name = [[Czech Republic]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of the Czech Republic|District]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of the Czech Republic|Region]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Frýdek-Místek District|Frýdek-Místek]]
<!-- maps and coordinates -->
| subdivision_name1 = [[Moravian-Silesian Region|Moravian-Silesian]]
⚫
| image_map =
| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of the Czech Republic|District]]
⚫
| map_caption =
| subdivision_name2 = [[Frýdek-Místek District|Frýdek-Místek]]
| established_title = Established
| pushpin_map = Czech Republic
| established_date = 1924
| pushpin_relief = 1
⚫
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the Czech Republic
| leader_title = [[Mayor]]
⚫
| coordinates = {{coord|49|31|12|N|18|49|59|E|display=inline,title}}
⚫
| leader_name = Peter Staňo
| area_magnitude = 1 E8
| coordinates_footnotes =
<!-- government type, leaders -->
⚫
| area_total_km2 = 2.87
| elevation_m = 594
| leader_title =
| population_total = 255
| leader_name =
<!-- established -->
⚫
| population_as_of = 2006
| established_title = First mentioned
⚫
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_note =
| established_date = 1645
<!-- area -->
⚫
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 739 98
| area_footnotes =
| website = {{URL|http://www.obechrcava.cz}}
| area_total_km2 = 2.89
<!-- elevation -->
⚫
| footnotes =
| elevation_footnotes =
⚫
| elevation_m = 605
<!-- population -->
⚫
| population_as_of = 2024-01-01
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web |title=Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024|url=https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/population-of-municipalities-qexb0dqr2d|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|date=2024-05-17}}</ref>
| population_total = 248
⚫
| population_density_km2 = auto
<!-- time zone(s) -->
| timezone1 = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1 = +1
| timezone1_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST = +2
<!-- postal codes, area code -->
⚫
| postal_code_type = Postal code
⚫
| postal_code = 739 98
| area_code_type =
| area_code =
<!-- website, footnotes -->
| website = {{URL|http://www.obechrcava.cz/}}
| footnotes =
}}
}}
'''Hrčava''' ({{langx|pl|{{Audio-nohelp|Herczawa.ogg|Herczawa}}}}, {{langx|de|Hertschawa}}) is a municipality and village in [[Frýdek-Místek District]] in the [[Moravian-Silesian Region]] of the [[Czech Republic]]. It has about 200 inhabitants.


==Geography==
{{Audio|Hrcava.ogg|'''Hrčava'''}} ([[Polish language|Polish]]: {{Audio-nohelp|Herczawa.ogg|''Herczawa''}}, {{lang-de|Hertschawa}}) is a [[village]] in [[Frýdek-Místek District]], [[Moravian-Silesian Region]], [[Czech Republic]]. It has 255 inhabitants (2006). It is the second easternmost village of the country (after neighboring [[Bukovec (Frýdek-Místek District)|Bukovec]]), lying near the borders with [[Poland]] and [[Slovakia]]. In 2001 census six people (2% of the inhabitants) declared [[Polish minority in the Czech Republic|Polish]] nationality and 96.7% declared [[Roman Catholicism|Roman Catholic]] faith.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.czso.cz/sldb/sldb2001.nsf/obce/598232?OpenDocument |title= 2001 census data |accessdate= |author= |date= |work= |publisher= [[Czech Statistical Office]] }}</ref>
Hrčava is located about {{convert|39|km}} southeast of [[Frýdek-Místek]] and {{convert|49|km|abbr=on}} southeast of [[Ostrava]], in the historical region of [[Cieszyn Silesia]]. It is the second easternmost municipality of the country (after neighbouring [[Bukovec (Frýdek-Místek District)|Bukovec]]). The [[tripoint]] of the Czech Republic, [[Poland]] and [[Slovakia]] is located in the municipality.


It is situated on the foothills of the [[Silesian Beskids]] mountain range, in the historical region of [[Cieszyn Silesia]].
Hrčava is situated in a hilly landscape of the [[Jablunkov Intermontane]] range. The highest point is on the slopes of the hill Na Dílech at {{convert|698|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level.


==History==
==History==
The settlement was first mentioned in 1778 as '''''Hertiawa'''''.<ref name="mrozek">{{cite book | last = Mrózek | first = Robert | title = Nazwy miejscowe dawnego Śląska Cieszyńskiego |trans-title=Local names of former Cieszyn Silesia | publisher = [[University of Silesia in Katowice|Uniwersytet Śląski w Katowicach]] | year = 1984 | location = Katowice | pages = 77 | language = Polish |issn = 0208-6336}}</ref> It was initially a [[hamlet (place)|hamlet]] of [[Jaworzynka]], which belonged then to the [[Duchy of Teschen]], a [[Fee (feudal tenure)|fee]] of [[Kingdom of Bohemia]] and a part of the [[Habsburg Monarchy]].
The first written mention of Hrčava is from 1645 as ''Hertiava'', when [[Kingdom of Hungary|Hungarian]] fortifications were built here.<ref name=history>{{cite web |title=Trojmezí|url=http://www.obechrcava.cz/zajimavosti/123-trojmezi|publisher=Obec Hrčava|language=cs|access-date=2022-06-30}}</ref> It was initially a hamlet administered by [[Jaworzynka]], which belonged then to the [[Duchy of Teschen]], a [[Fee (feudal tenure)|fee]] of [[Kingdom of Bohemia]].


After [[World War I]], [[Polish–Czechoslovak War]] and the division of [[Cieszyn Silesia]] in 1920, Jaworzynka with Hrčava became a part of [[Second Polish Republic|Poland]]. In June 1921, Hrčava was temporarily annexed again to Czechoslovakia, but still was a part of Jaworzynka. In June 1924, it became a separate hamlet with a special legal status, administered by the district council. The municipality of Hrčava was established in October 1927.<ref name=history/>
===Geographical shifts===
A series of major conflicts in the first half of the Twentieth Century would lead to the Jaworzynka region – and Hrčava specifically – changing hands multiple times:


⚫
Following the [[Munich Agreement]], in October 1938, together with the [[Trans-Olza]] region they were annexed by [[Second Polish Republic|Poland]], administratively adjoined to [[Cieszyn County]] of [[Silesian Voivodeship (1920–39)|Silesian Voivodeship]].<ref>{{cite journal |title=Ustawa z dnia 27 października 1938 r. o podziale administracyjnym i tymczasowej organizacji administracji na obszarze Ziem Odzyskanych Śląska Cieszyńskiego|journal=Dziennik Ustaw Śląskich|volume=18/1938, poz. 35|date=1938-10-31|publication-place=Katowice|url=http://www.sbc.org.pl/dlibra/plain-content?id=6949|access-date=2014-07-01|language=pl}}</ref> They were then annexed by [[Nazi Germany]] at the beginning of [[World War II]]. After the war it was restored to [[Czechoslovakia]].
*In 1920, Jaworzynka became a part of the [[Second Polish Republic|Poland]] following
**[[World War I]];
**the fall of [[Austria-Hungary]];
**the [[Polish–Czechoslovak War]]; and
**the division of [[Cieszyn Silesia]].


==Demographics==
*Following protests by the citizens of the hamlet, in 1924, Hrčava was separated from Jaworzynka and transferred to [[Czechoslovak Republic (1918-1938)|Czechoslovakia]].
{{historical populations
|align=none|cols=3
|1900|–
|1910|171
|1921|186
|1930|254
|1950|268
|1961|310
|1970|319
|1980|315
|1991|273
|2001|278
|2011|250
|2021|216
|source=Censuses<ref>{{cite web |title=Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011|url=https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/historicky-lexikon-obci-1869-az-2015|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|language=cs|date=2015-12-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Population Census 2021: Population by sex|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4429&katalog=33515&pvo=SLD21001-OB-OK|work=Public Database|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|date=2021-03-27}}</ref>}}


==Transport==
⚫
*Following the [[Munich Agreement]], in October 1938, together with the [[Zaolzie]] region, it was annexed by [[Second Polish Republic|Poland]], administratively adjoined to [[Cieszyn County]] of [[Silesian Voivodeship (1920–39)|Silesian Voivodeship]].<ref>{{cite journal |title= Ustawa z dnia 27 października 1938 r. o podziale administracyjnym i tymczasowej organizacji administracji na obszarze Ziem Odzyskanych Śląska Cieszyńskiego |journal= Dziennik Ustaw Śląskich|volume=nr 18/1938, poz. 35 |date = 31 October 1938|publicationplace=Katowice|url= http://www.sbc.org.pl/dlibra/plain-content?id=6949|accessdate=1 July 2014|language=pl}}</ref>
There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality. On the Czech-Polish border is the pedestrian border crossing ''Hrčava / Jaworzynka''.


==Sights==
*It was then annexed by [[Nazi Germany]] at the beginning of [[World War II]].
The main landmark of Hrčava is the Church of Saints Cyril and Methodius. It dates from 1936 and it is the youngest wooden church in the region.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dřevěný kostel sv. Cyrila a Metoděje v Hrčavě|url=https://www.kudyznudy.cz/aktivity/dreveny-kostel-sv-cyrila-a-metodeje-v-hrcave|publisher=CzechTourism|language=cs|access-date=2022-06-30}}</ref>
**After the war, it was restored to [[Czechoslovakia]].


==References==
*After the fall of Communism in Europe and the Soviet Union, and the subsequent dissolution of Czechoslovakia, Hrčava narrowly fell within the borders of the Czech Republic, near the tripoint with Poland and Slovakia.

== Footnotes ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

== See also ==
* [[Zaolzie]]


==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category|Hrčava}}
{{commons category|Hrčava}}
* {{cs icon}} [http://www.obechrcava.cz Official website]
*{{official|http://www.obechrcava.cz/}}
* {{cs icon}} [http://portal.gov.cz/wps/portal/_s.155/696?kam=obec&kod=598232 Short official information about the village]


{{Frýdek-Místek District}}
{{Frýdek-Místek District}}
{{Cieszyn Silesia}}
{{Cieszyn Silesia}}

{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Hrcava}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hrcava}}
[[Category:Villages in Frýdek-Místek District]]
[[Category:Villages in Frýdek-Místek District]]
[[Category:Cieszyn Silesia]]
[[Category:Cieszyn Silesia]]
[[Category:Articles including recorded pronunciations]]

{{MoraviaSilesia-geo-stub}}

Latest revision as of 02:15, 24 October 2024

Hrčava
Municipality
General view
General view
Flag of Hrčava
Flag
Coat of arms of Hrčava
Coat of arms
Hrčava is located in Czech Republic
Hrčava
Hrčava
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 49°31′12″N 18°49′59″E / 49.52000°N 18.83306°E / 49.52000; 18.83306
Country Czech Republic
RegionMoravian-Silesian
DistrictFrýdek-Místek
First mentioned1645
Area
 • Total
2.89 km2 (1.12 sq mi)
Elevation
605 m (1,985 ft)
Population
 (2024-01-01)[1]
 • Total
248
 • Density86/km2 (220/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
739 98
Websitewww.obechrcava.cz

Hrčava (Polish: Herczawaⓘ, German: Hertschawa) is a municipality and village in Frýdek-Místek District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Geography

[edit]

Hrčava is located about 39 kilometres (24 mi) southeast of Frýdek-Místek and 49 km (30 mi) southeast of Ostrava, in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia. It is the second easternmost municipality of the country (after neighbouring Bukovec). The tripoint of the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia is located in the municipality.

Hrčava is situated in a hilly landscape of the Jablunkov Intermontane range. The highest point is on the slopes of the hill Na Dílech at 698 m (2,290 ft) above sea level.

History

[edit]

The first written mention of Hrčava is from 1645 as Hertiava, when Hungarian fortifications were built here.[2] It was initially a hamlet administered by Jaworzynka, which belonged then to the Duchy of Teschen, a fee of Kingdom of Bohemia.

After World War I, Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, Jaworzynka with Hrčava became a part of Poland. In June 1921, Hrčava was temporarily annexed again to Czechoslovakia, but still was a part of Jaworzynka. In June 1924, it became a separate hamlet with a special legal status, administered by the district council. The municipality of Hrčava was established in October 1927.[2]

Following the Munich Agreement, in October 1938, together with the Trans-Olza region they were annexed by Poland, administratively adjoined to Cieszyn County of Silesian Voivodeship.[3] They were then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Czechoslovakia.

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±%
1900–—    
1910171—    
1921186+8.8%
1930254+36.6%
YearPop.±%
1950268+5.5%
1961310+15.7%
1970319+2.9%
1980315−1.3%
YearPop.±%
1991273−13.3%
2001278+1.8%
2011250−10.1%
2021216−13.6%
Source: Censuses[4][5]

Transport

[edit]

There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality. On the Czech-Polish border is the pedestrian border crossing Hrčava / Jaworzynka.

Sights

[edit]

The main landmark of Hrčava is the Church of Saints Cyril and Methodius. It dates from 1936 and it is the youngest wooden church in the region.[6]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
  2. ^ a b "Trojmezí" (in Czech). Obec Hrčava. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
  3. ^ "Ustawa z dnia 27 października 1938 r. o podziale administracyjnym i tymczasowej organizacji administracji na obszarze Ziem Odzyskanych Śląska Cieszyńskiego". Dziennik Ustaw Śląskich (in Polish). 18/1938, poz. 35. Katowice. 1938-10-31. Retrieved 2014-07-01.
  4. ^ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
  5. ^ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  6. ^ "Dřevěný kostel sv. Cyrila a Metoděje v Hrčavě" (in Czech). CzechTourism. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
[edit]
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