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Saphan Han (Thai: สะพานหัน, pronounced [sā.pʰāːn hǎn]) is a small bridge over the Khlong Rop Krung (Rop Krung canal; lit: around the city canal), also known as Khlong Ong Ang (Ong Ang canal; lit: canal of jars and pots) in the areas of Bangkok's Chakkrawat sub-district, Samphanthawong district and Wang Burapha Phirom sub-district, Phra Nakhon district. It is also the name of the surrounding area.

The bridge was built along with the excavation of the Khlong Rop Krung at the beginning of Rattanakosin (present-day Bangkok) in the reign of King Phutthayotfa Chulalok (Rama I). At that time Saphan Han was a bridge made of a single plank for people crossing between outer city and inner city. On side was firmly fixed while the other side laid across the opposite side without fixing which could be turned for the boat to pass. Hence the name "Saphan Han", which means "turning bridge" or "swing bridge". In the Ayutthaya period, it was noted that there were similar bridges at Khlong Takhian (Takhian canal; lit: Hopea odorata canal) and Khlong Wat Yai Chai Mongkhon (Wat Yai Chai Mongkhon's canal). This type of bridge can be found high and low in Bangkok and other provinces in the olden days.

Later in the reign of King Phutthaloetla Naphalai (Rama II), when Saphan Han was in poor shape. It had been rebuilt with two planks and can't turn the same again. In the reign of King Mongkut (Rama IV), the steel frame was added to the bridge and its floor was still movable with the aid pulley to open for the boat to pass through. During the reign of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) it was rebuilt as a corridor wooden bridge with a width of about 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in), the interior was also divided into small rooms for sale. Modeled from the Rialto bridge in Venice and the Ponte Vecchio in Florence, both of which were historic bridges in Italy. Including there were also walkways and small shophouses on each side of the canal, to be a center of trade as well. It was also one of the most photographed bridges in Bangkok. For the current Saphan Han is a reinforced concrete bridge built in 1962, but the name of the bridge remains the same as a memorial to commemorate the first bridge that was constructed.^[1]

During the reigns of King Mongkut and King Chulalongkorn, Saphan Han was considered one of the most important and bustling shopping district of Bangkok. Since it was in the end of Chinatown by Yaowarat was the main artery and opposite to Little India or Phahurat neighbourhood, the residence of the Indians in Thailand. In those days, it was full of business and commerce, such as fruits from abroad, canned foods, chewing tobaccos and herbs, as well as businesses that were illegal and prone to immorals, such as gambling houses, opium dens and brothels. In addition, it was also close to many commercial districts, such as Saphan Lek, Wang Burapha, Thieves' Market or known locally as Woeng Nakhon Khasem, etc.

Today, Saphan Han remains an important and bustling shopping district, as in the past. It is full of shops in the form of a shophouse. There're many kinds of goods sold, such as clothing, fresh and dried food, fruits, kitchenwares, kid toys, cosmetics, buttons, fabrics, textiles, and mostly ladies' items. It is considered to be the end of Sampheng or officially known as Soi Wanit 1, the long narrow lane lined from the center of Yaowarat. Sampeng is divided into three parts: first part starts from Song Sawat road near Song Wat road and separated by Ratchawong road near Ratchawong pier, the second part starts from Ratchawong road and separated by Chakkrawat road near Wat Tuek intersection, and third part begins from Chakkrawat road through Saphan Han as far as terminating at Chak Phet road opposite to Phahurat, where it is referred to as "Trok Hua Med" (ตรอกหัวเม็ด), and although it is only a narrow and busy lane, it is also home to two Chinese shrines, Pung Tao Kong shrine and Chun Sieng Chow Sue shrine.^[2]

Since October 2015, the Thai government has a policy to improve the scenery of the Khlong Rop Krung and Khlong Ong Ang, include there were also renovate five bridges in a row were Saphan Lek, Bhanubandhu bridge, Saphan Han, Borphitphimuk bridge, and Osathanond bridge, the last at the area of Phra Pok Klao bridge's foot, which cross to Thonburi side. The demolition of various shophouses surrounding it, such as Saphan Lek, or Khlong Thom, Saphan Han was one of them. When the stores next to the canal were demolished, the bridge can be seen clearly after being covered for over 40 years.^[3]

References

^ Pinijnakorn (2009-04-06). "คลองโอ่งอ่าง ความยิ่งใหญ่รอบชายคลอง" [Khlong Ong Ang greatness around the canal]. Thai PBS (in Thai). Retrieved 2018-04-09.
^ laser (2009-03-23). ""เที่ยวไปกินไป @ สะพานหัน"" [Travel to eat @ Saphan Han]. Pantip.com (in Thai). Retrieved 2018-04-09.
^ "พลิกโฉม "คลองโอ่งอ่าง" แลนด์มาร์คร่วมสมัย" [Reinvent "Khlong Ong Ang" the contemporary landmark]. Kom Chad Luek (in Thai). 2017-03-13. Retrieved 2018-04-09.

External links

Lim, Eric. "Saphan Han the dragon's tail in Chinatown Bangkok". Tour-Bangkok-Legacies.
"Saphan Han Market, Bangkok". Timothy Tye.

13°44′39.04″N 100°30′12.07″E / 13.7441778°N 100.5033528°E / 13.7441778; 100.5033528

[1] Pinijnakorn (2009-04-06). "คลองโอ่งอ่าง ความยิ่งใหญ่รอบชายคลอง" [Khlong Ong Ang greatness around the canal]. Thai PBS (in Thai). Retrieved 2018-04-09.

[2] ser (2009-03-23). ""เที่ยวไปกินไป @ สะพานหัน"" [Travel to eat @ Saphan Han]. Pantip.com (in Thai). Retrieved 2018-04-09.

[3] "พลิกโฉม "คลองโอ่งอ่าง" แลนด์มาร์คร่วมสมัย" [Reinvent "Khlong Ong Ang" the contemporary landmark]. Kom Chad Luek (in Thai). 2017-03-13. Retrieved 2018-04-09.

[1]

[2]

[3]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{short description|Bridge in Thailand}}
-[[file:ThaiBangkokIndViertel1.jpg|thumb|Entrance of Saphan Han on Chak Phet road side.]]
+[[file:สะพานหัน 2564 Saphan Han (October 2021) - img 01.jpg|thumb|250px|Saphan Han]]
-'''Saphan Han''' ({{lang-th|สะพานหัน}}, {{IPA-th|sā.pʰāːn hǎn|pron}}) is a small bridge over the Khlong Rop Krung (Rop Krung canal; lit: ''around the city canal'') in the so-called [[Khlong Ong Ang]] (Ong Ang canal; lit: ''canal of jars and pots'') in the areas of [[Bangkok]]'s [[Chakkrawat]] sub-district, [[Samphanthawong]] district and [[Khwaeng Wang Burapha Phirom|Wang Burapha Phirom]] sub-district, [[Phra Nakhon]] district, including both a neighbourhood and namesake shopping district.
+'''Saphan Han''' ({{langx|th|สะพานหัน}}, {{IPA|th|sā.pʰāːn hǎn|pron}}) is a small bridge over the Khlong Rop Krung (Rop Krung canal; lit: ''around the city canal''), also known as [[Khlong Ong Ang]] (Ong Ang canal; lit: ''canal of jars and pots'') in the areas of [[Bangkok]]'s [[Chakkrawat]] sub-district, [[Samphanthawong]] district and [[Khwaeng Wang Burapha Phirom|Wang Burapha Phirom]] sub-district, [[Phra Nakhon]] district. It is also the name of the surrounding area.
-The bridge was built along with the canalize of the Khlong Rop Krung at the beginning of [[Rattanakosin]] (presently Bangkok) in the reign of King [[Phutthayotfa Chulalok]] (Rama I). At that time Saphan Han is a bridge made of a single plank for people crossing from outer city to inner. On one side, there's a bollard fixed to the turn for the boat to pass. Hence the name "Saphan Han", which means "turnable bridge" or "swing bridge". In the [[Ayutthaya period]], it was noted that there're similar bridges at Khlong Takhian (Takhian canal; lit: ''[[Hopea odorata]] canal'') and Khlong Wat Yai Chai Mongkhon ([[Wat Yai Chai Mongkhon]]'s canal). Later in the reign of King [[Phutthaloetla Naphalai]] (Rama II), when Saphan Han disintegrated. It has been rebuilt with two planks and can't turn the same again. In the reign of [[King Mongkut]] (Rama IV), the [[steel frame]] was added to the bridge. During the reign of [[King Chulalongkorn]] (Rama V) was rebuilt as a corridor wooden bridge with a width of about 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in), the interior was also divided into small rooms for sale. It was based on the [[Rialto bridge]] in [[Venice]] and the [[Ponte Vecchio]] in [[Florence]], both of which are historic bridges in Italy. Including there're also walkways and small [[shophouse]]s on both side of the canal. To be a center of trade as well. For the current Saphan Han is a new cement bridge built in 1962.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sanfah.com/portfolio/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3-season-1-%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99-%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87|title=คลองโอ่งอ่าง ความยิ่งใหญ่รอบชายคลอง|trans-title=Khlong Ong Ang greatness around the canal|work=[[Thai PBS|TPBS]]|date=2009-04-06|accessdate=2018-04-09|language=thai|author=Pinijnakorn}}</ref>
+The bridge was built along with the excavation of the Khlong Rop Krung at the beginning of [[Rattanakosin]] (present-day Bangkok) in the reign of King [[Phutthayotfa Chulalok]] (Rama I). At that time Saphan Han was a bridge made of a single plank for people crossing between outer city and inner city. On side was firmly fixed while the other side laid across the opposite side without fixing which could be turned for the boat to pass. Hence the name "Saphan Han", which means "turning bridge" or "swing bridge". In the [[Ayutthaya period]], it was noted that there were similar bridges at Khlong Takhian (Takhian canal; lit: ''[[Hopea odorata]] canal'') and Khlong Wat Yai Chai Mongkhon ([[Wat Yai Chai Mongkhon]]'s canal). This type of bridge can be found high and low in Bangkok and other provinces in the olden days.
-During the reigns of King Mongkut and King Chulalongkorn, Saphan Han was considered one of the most important and bustling shopping district of Bangkok. Since it was in the end of [[Bangkok's Chinatown|Chinatown]] by [[Yaowarat]] was the main artery and opposite to [[Little India (location)|Little India]] or [[Phahurat]] neighbourhood. It was the residence of the Indians in Thailand. In those days, it was full of business and commerce, such as fruits from abroad, [[canned food]]s, [[chewing tobacco]]s and [[herbs]], as well as businesses that were illegal and prone to immorals, such as [[gambling house]]s, [[opium dens]] and [[brothel]]s. In addition, it was also close to many landmarks viz [[Saphan Lek]], [[Wang Burapha]], [[Thieves' Market]] or better known as Woeng Nakhon Khasem, etc.
+[[file:600 old market.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Saphan Han in Chulalongkorn's reign.]]
-Today, Saphan Han remains an important and bustling shopping district, as in the past. It is full of shops in the form of a shophouse. There're many kinds of goods sold, such as clothing, fresh and dried food, fruits, kitchenwares, kid toys, cosmetics, buttons, fabrics, textiles, and mostly ladies' items. It is considered to be the tip of [[Sampheng]] or the official name Soi Wanit 1, the long narrow lane lined from the center of Yaowarat. Sampeng is divided into three parts: first part starts from Song Sawat road near [[Song Wat Road|Song Wat]] road and separated by [[Ratchawong Road|Ratchawong]] road near [[Ratchawong Pier|Ratchawong]] pier, the second part statrs from Ratchawong road and separated by Chakkrawat road near [[Wat Tuek, Bangkok|Wat Tuek]] intersection, and third part begins from Chakkrawat road through Saphan Han as far as terminating at [[Chak Phet Road|Chak Phet]] road opposite to Phahurat. In this phase also known as "Trok Hua Med" (ตรอกหัวเม็ด), and although it is only a narrow and busy lane, it is also home to two [[joss house|Chinese shrine]]s, Pung Tao Kong shrine and Chun Sieng Chow Sue shrine.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://topicstock.pantip.com/food/topicstock/2009/03/D7656996/D7656996.html|work=[[Pantip.com]]|author=laser|title="เที่ยวไปกินไป @ สะพานหัน"|date=2009-03-23|language=thai|accessdate=2018-04-09|trans-title=Travel to eat @ Saphan Han}}</ref>
+Later in the reign of King [[Phutthaloetla Naphalai]] (Rama II), when Saphan Han was in poor shape. It had been rebuilt with two planks and can't turn the same again. In the reign of [[King Mongkut]] (Rama IV), the [[steel frame]] was added to the bridge and its floor was still movable with the aid pulley to open for the boat to pass through. During the reign of [[King Chulalongkorn]] (Rama V) it was rebuilt as a corridor wooden bridge with a width of about {{convert|1.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, the interior was also divided into small rooms for sale. Modeled from the [[Rialto bridge]] in [[Venice]] and the [[Ponte Vecchio]] in [[Florence]], both of which were historic bridges in Italy. Including there were also walkways and small [[shophouse]]s on each side of the canal, to be a center of trade as well. It was also one of the most photographed bridges in Bangkok. For the current Saphan Han is a reinforced concrete bridge built in 1962, but the name of the bridge remains the same as a memorial to commemorate the first bridge that was constructed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sanfah.com/portfolio/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3-season-1-%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99-%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87|title=คลองโอ่งอ่าง ความยิ่งใหญ่รอบชายคลอง|trans-title=Khlong Ong Ang greatness around the canal|work=[[Thai PBS]]|date=2009-04-06|accessdate=2018-04-09|language=thai|author=Pinijnakorn}}</ref>
+During the reigns of King Mongkut and King Chulalongkorn, Saphan Han was considered one of the most important and bustling shopping district of Bangkok. Since it was in the end of [[Bangkok's Chinatown|Chinatown]] by [[Yaowarat]] was the main artery and opposite to [[Little India (location)|Little India]] or [[Phahurat]] neighbourhood, the residence of the Indians in Thailand. In those days, it was full of business and commerce, such as fruits from abroad, [[canned food]]s, [[chewing tobacco]]s and [[herbs]], as well as businesses that were illegal and prone to immorals, such as [[gambling house]]s, [[opium dens]] and [[brothel]]s. In addition, it was also close to many commercial districts, such as [[Saphan Lek]], [[Wang Burapha]], [[Thieves' Market]] or known locally as Woeng Nakhon Khasem, etc.
-Since October 2015, the Thai government has a policy to improve the scenery of the Khlong Rop Krung and Khlong Ong Ang, include there're also renovate five bridges in a row viz Saphan Lek, Bhanubandhu bridge, Saphan Han, Borphitphimuk bridge, and Osathanond bridge is the last at the area of [[Phra Pok Klao Bridge|Phra Pok Klao bridge]]'s foot, which cross to [[Thonburi]] side. The demolition of various shophouses surrounding it, such as Saphan Lek, or [[Khlong Thom, Bangkok|Khlong Thom]], Saphan Han is one of them. When the stores next to the canal were demolished, the bridge can be seen clearly after being covered for over 40 years.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.komchadluek.net/news/scoop/264741|title=พลิกโฉม "คลองโอ่งอ่าง" แลนด์มาร์คร่วมสมัย|trans-title=Reinvent "Khlong Ong Ang" the contemporary landmark|work=[[Kom Chad Luek]]|language=thai|date=2017-03-13|accessdate=2018-04-09}}</ref>
+Today, Saphan Han remains an important and bustling shopping district, as in the past. It is full of shops in the form of a shophouse. There're many kinds of goods sold, such as clothing, fresh and dried food, fruits, kitchenwares, kid toys, cosmetics, buttons, fabrics, textiles, and mostly ladies' items. It is considered to be the end of [[Sampheng]] or officially known as Soi Wanit 1, the long narrow lane lined from the center of Yaowarat. Sampeng is divided into three parts: first part starts from Song Sawat road near [[Song Wat Road|Song Wat]] road and separated by [[Ratchawong Road|Ratchawong]] road near [[Ratchawong Pier|Ratchawong]] pier, the second part starts from Ratchawong road and separated by Chakkrawat road near [[Wat Tuek, Bangkok|Wat Tuek]] intersection, and third part begins from Chakkrawat road through Saphan Han as far as terminating at [[Chak Phet Road|Chak Phet]] road opposite to Phahurat, where it is referred to as "Trok Hua Med" (ตรอกหัวเม็ด), and although it is only a narrow and busy lane, it is also home to two [[Chinese temple architecture|Chinese shrine]]s, Pung Tao Kong shrine and Chun Sieng Chow Sue shrine.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://topicstock.pantip.com/food/topicstock/2009/03/D7656996/D7656996.html|work=[[Pantip.com]]|author=laser|title="เที่ยวไปกินไป @ สะพานหัน"|date=2009-03-23|language=thai|accessdate=2018-04-09|trans-title=Travel to eat @ Saphan Han}}</ref>
+Since October 2015, the Thai government has a policy to improve the scenery of the Khlong Rop Krung and Khlong Ong Ang, include there were also renovate five bridges in a row were Saphan Lek, Bhanubandhu bridge, Saphan Han, Borphitphimuk bridge, and Osathanond bridge, the last at the area of [[Phra Pok Klao Bridge|Phra Pok Klao bridge]]'s foot, which cross to [[Thonburi]] side. The demolition of various shophouses surrounding it, such as Saphan Lek, or [[Khlong Thom, Bangkok|Khlong Thom]], Saphan Han was one of them. When the stores next to the canal were demolished, the bridge can be seen clearly after being covered for over 40 years.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.komchadluek.net/news/scoop/264741|title=พลิกโฉม "คลองโอ่งอ่าง" แลนด์มาร์คร่วมสมัย|trans-title=Reinvent "Khlong Ong Ang" the contemporary landmark|work=[[Kom Chad Luek]]|language=thai|date=2017-03-13|accessdate=2018-04-09}}</ref>
 ==See also==
@@ Line 15: / Line 19: @@
 *[[Khlong Thom, Bangkok|Khlong Thom]]
 *[[Saphan Hok]]
 == References ==
 {{Reflist}}
 ==External links==
 *{{cite web|url=https://www.tour-bangkok-legacies.com/saphan-han.html|title=Saphan Han the dragon's tail in Chinatown Bangkok|first=Eric|last=Lim|work=Tour-Bangkok-Legacies}}
 *{{cite web|url=http://www.timothytye.com/asia/thailand/bangkok/saphan-han-market.htm|title=Saphan Han Market, Bangkok|work=Timothy Tye}}
-[[category:Shopping districts and streets in Bangkok]]
-[[category:Neighbourhoods of Bangkok]]
-[[category:Chinese-Thai culture]]
-[[category:Samphanthawong District]]
-[[category:Phra Nakhon District]]
-[[category:Bridges in Bangkok]]
 {{coord|13|44|39.04|N|100|30|12.07|E|type:adm3rd_region:TH-10|display=title}}
+[[Category:Shopping districts and streets in Bangkok]]
+[[Category:Neighbourhoods of Bangkok]]
+[[Category:Chinese-Thai culture]]
+[[Category:Samphanthawong district]]
+[[Category:Phra Nakhon district]]
+[[Category:Bridges in Bangkok]]