List of nocturnal animals: Difference between revisions
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Hotdogsyrup (talk | contribs) Removing Lhasa Apso; just because this breed was historically used as a guard dog does not make it "nocturnal," especially if no other guard dog breeds (or dogs in general) are listed here |
there are a whole lot of birds on this list |
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{{About||the 2016 American drama film|Nocturnal Animals (film)}} |
{{About||the 2016 American drama film|Nocturnal Animals (film)}} |
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This is a list of [[nocturnal]] animals and groups of animals. |
This is a list of [[nocturnal]] animals and groups of animals. There is also a more specific [[list of nocturnal birds]]. |
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{{Dynamic list}} |
{{Dynamic list}} |
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[[File:Procyon lotor (raccoon).jpg|thumb|alt=A raccoon lays on a tree branch with its two front paws dangling off. |Raccoons are one of many nocturnal animals]] |
[[File:Procyon lotor (raccoon).jpg|thumb|alt=A raccoon lays on a tree branch with its two front paws dangling off. |Raccoons are one of many nocturnal animals]] |
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* [[Black rat]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://rangerplanet.com/are-rats-nocturnal-what-rats-do-at-night-and-day/ |title=Black Rat - Rangerplanet.com|date=21 August 2019 }}</ref> |
* [[Black rat]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://rangerplanet.com/are-rats-nocturnal-what-rats-do-at-night-and-day/ |title=Black Rat - Rangerplanet.com|date=21 August 2019 }}</ref> |
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* [[Black-footed cat]] |
* [[Black-footed cat]] |
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* [[Bobcat]] |
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* [[Brown rat]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://rangerplanet.com/are-rats-nocturnal-what-rats-do-at-night-and-day/ |title=Brown Rat - Rangerplanet.com|date=21 August 2019 }}</ref> |
* [[Brown rat]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://rangerplanet.com/are-rats-nocturnal-what-rats-do-at-night-and-day/ |title=Brown Rat - Rangerplanet.com|date=21 August 2019 }}</ref> |
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* [[Galago]] (bushbaby)<ref name="bushbaby">{{cite web |title=Bush Baby |work=African Wildlife Foundation |url=http://www.awf.org/content/wildlife/detail/bushbaby}}</ref> |
* [[Galago]] (bushbaby)<ref name="bushbaby">{{cite web |title=Bush Baby |work=African Wildlife Foundation |url=http://www.awf.org/content/wildlife/detail/bushbaby}}</ref> |
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* [[Dolphin]] |
* [[Dolphin]] |
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* [[Dwarf crocodile]]<ref name=EatonIUCN>{{cite book |author=Eaton, M.J. |year=2010 |chapter=Dwarf crocodile Osteolaemus tetraspis |editor=Manolis, S.C. |editor2=C. Stevenson |title=Crocodiles: Status, Survey and Conservation Action Plan | chapter-url=https://www.iucncsg.org/365_docs/attachments/protarea/21%20O-c1d8ab26.pdf |publisher=IUCN Crocodile Specialist Conservation Group |edition=3 |pages=127–132}}</ref> |
* [[Dwarf crocodile]]<ref name=EatonIUCN>{{cite book |author=Eaton, M.J. |year=2010 |chapter=Dwarf crocodile Osteolaemus tetraspis |editor=Manolis, S.C. |editor2=C. Stevenson |title=Crocodiles: Status, Survey and Conservation Action Plan | chapter-url=https://www.iucncsg.org/365_docs/attachments/protarea/21%20O-c1d8ab26.pdf |publisher=IUCN Crocodile Specialist Conservation Group |edition=3 |pages=127–132}}</ref> |
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* [[Eastern woolly lemur]]<ref name="woolylemur">{{cite web |title=Eastern Woolly Lemur (Avahi laniger) |first=Sean |last=Flannery |url=http://www.theprimata.com/avahi_laniger.html}}</ref> |
* [[Eastern woolly lemur]]<ref name="woolylemur">{{cite web |title=Eastern Woolly Lemur (Avahi laniger) |first=Sean |last=Flannery |url=http://www.theprimata.com/avahi_laniger.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080208223956/http://www.theprimata.com/avahi_laniger.html|url-status=usurped|archive-date=February 8, 2008}}</ref> |
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* [[Firefly]]<ref name="firefly">{{cite web |url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/firefly |title=Firefly - definition of firefly by The Free Dictionary |work=TheFreeDictionary.com}}</ref> |
* [[Firefly]]<ref name="firefly">{{cite web |url=http://www.thefreedictionary.com/firefly |title=Firefly - definition of firefly by The Free Dictionary |work=TheFreeDictionary.com}}</ref> |
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* [[Flying squirrel]]<ref name="flysq">[http://www.ksr.ku.edu/libres/mammals_of_kansas/fly-squir.html Kansas University]</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Thorington, Jr. |first=R.W |author2=Pitassy, D. |author3=Jansa, S.A. |date=June 2002 |title=Phylogenies of Flying Squirrels (Pteromyinae) |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=9 |issue=1–2 |pages=99–135 |url=http://www.tc.umn.edu/~jansa003/PDFs/Thorington.etal.02.pdf |access-date=2009-07-14 |doi=10.1023/A:1021335912016 |s2cid=12443674 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611111147/http://www.tc.umn.edu/~jansa003/PDFs/Thorington.etal.02.pdf |archive-date=2011-06-11 }}</ref> |
* [[Flying squirrel]]<ref name="flysq">[http://www.ksr.ku.edu/libres/mammals_of_kansas/fly-squir.html Kansas University]</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Thorington, Jr. |first=R.W |author2=Pitassy, D. |author3=Jansa, S.A. |date=June 2002 |title=Phylogenies of Flying Squirrels (Pteromyinae) |journal=Journal of Mammalian Evolution |volume=9 |issue=1–2 |pages=99–135 |url=http://www.tc.umn.edu/~jansa003/PDFs/Thorington.etal.02.pdf |access-date=2009-07-14 |doi=10.1023/A:1021335912016 |s2cid=12443674 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110611111147/http://www.tc.umn.edu/~jansa003/PDFs/Thorington.etal.02.pdf |archive-date=2011-06-11 }}</ref> |
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* [[Leopard Gecko]]<ref name="animalplanet">{{cite web |url=http://www.animalplanet.com/pets/other-pets/leopardgecko/ |title=Animal Planet - Leopard Gecko Stats and Facts}}</ref> |
* [[Leopard Gecko]]<ref name="animalplanet">{{cite web |url=http://www.animalplanet.com/pets/other-pets/leopardgecko/ |title=Animal Planet - Leopard Gecko Stats and Facts}}</ref> |
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* [[Lion]] (bordering on crepuscular)<ref name="earthtouch">[http://www.earth-touch.com/result.php?i=Lions-nocturnal-chorus Lions' nocturnal chorus ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120420172909/http://www.earth-touch.com/result.php?i=Lions-nocturnal-chorus |date=2012-04-20 }}</ref><ref name="phxzoo">[http://www.phoenixzoo.org/learn/animals/animal_detail.aspx?FACT_SHEET_ID=100001 Phoenix Zoo Fact Sheet - Lions] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415054339/http://www.phoenixzoo.org/learn/animals/animal_detail.aspx?FACT_SHEET_ID=100001 |date=2012-04-15 }}</ref> |
* [[Lion]] (bordering on crepuscular)<ref name="earthtouch">[http://www.earth-touch.com/result.php?i=Lions-nocturnal-chorus Lions' nocturnal chorus ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120420172909/http://www.earth-touch.com/result.php?i=Lions-nocturnal-chorus |date=2012-04-20 }}</ref><ref name="phxzoo">[http://www.phoenixzoo.org/learn/animals/animal_detail.aspx?FACT_SHEET_ID=100001 Phoenix Zoo Fact Sheet - Lions] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415054339/http://www.phoenixzoo.org/learn/animals/animal_detail.aspx?FACT_SHEET_ID=100001 |date=2012-04-15 }}</ref> |
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* [[Lynx]] |
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* [[Margay]]<ref name="margay">{{cite web |url=http://www.anywherecostarica.com/flora-fauna/mammal/margay |title=Margay}}</ref> |
* [[Margay]]<ref name="margay">{{cite web |url=http://www.anywherecostarica.com/flora-fauna/mammal/margay |title=Margay}}</ref> |
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* [[Mink]] (bordering on crepuscular)<ref name="mink1">{{cite web |url=http://www.bear-tracker.com/mink.html |title=Animal Tracks - Mink (Mustela vison AKA Neovison vison) |first=Kim A. |last=Cabrera}}</ref><ref name="mink2">[http://www.wildcru.org/research/research-detail/?project_id=37 Wildlife Conservation Research Unit] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111209002655/http://www.wildcru.org/research/research-detail/?project_id=37 |date=2011-12-09 }}</ref> |
* [[Mink]] (bordering on crepuscular)<ref name="mink1">{{cite web |url=http://www.bear-tracker.com/mink.html |title=Animal Tracks - Mink (Mustela vison AKA Neovison vison) |first=Kim A. |last=Cabrera}}</ref><ref name="mink2">[http://www.wildcru.org/research/research-detail/?project_id=37 Wildlife Conservation Research Unit] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111209002655/http://www.wildcru.org/research/research-detail/?project_id=37 |date=2011-12-09 }}</ref> |
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* [[Pangolin]]<ref name="pangolin">{{cite web |url=http://www.awf.org/content/wildlife/detail/pangolin |title=Pangolin |work=African Wildlife Foundation |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417080037/http://www.awf.org/content/wildlife/detail/pangolin |archive-date=2009-04-17 }}</ref> |
* [[Pangolin]]<ref name="pangolin">{{cite web |url=http://www.awf.org/content/wildlife/detail/pangolin |title=Pangolin |work=African Wildlife Foundation |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090417080037/http://www.awf.org/content/wildlife/detail/pangolin |archive-date=2009-04-17 }}</ref> |
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* [[Platypus]]<ref name="m102">{{cite journal | last=Hawke | first=Tahneal | last2=Bino | first2=Gilad | last3=Kingsford | first3=Richard T. | last4=Iervasi | first4=Dion | last5=Iervasi | first5=Kylie | last6=Taylor | first6=Matthew D. | title=Long-term movements and activity patterns of platypus on regulated rivers | journal=Scientific Reports | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=11 | issue=1 | date=2021-02-11 | issn=2045-2322 | doi=10.1038/s41598-021-81142-6 | page=| pmc=7878892 }}</ref> |
* [[Platypus]]<ref name="m102">{{cite journal | last=Hawke | first=Tahneal | last2=Bino | first2=Gilad | last3=Kingsford | first3=Richard T. | last4=Iervasi | first4=Dion | last5=Iervasi | first5=Kylie | last6=Taylor | first6=Matthew D. | title=Long-term movements and activity patterns of platypus on regulated rivers | journal=Scientific Reports | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=11 | issue=1 | date=2021-02-11 | issn=2045-2322 | doi=10.1038/s41598-021-81142-6 | page=| pmc=7878892 }}</ref> |
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* [[Pseudis paradoxa|Paradoxical frog]]<ref name="pfrog1">{{cite web |title=Paradoxical frog ( ''Pseudis paradoxus'' ) |url=http://www.wildanimalsonline.com/amphibians/paradoxicalfrog.php |website=WildAnimalsOnline.com |access-date=2011-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111216202704/http://www.wildanimalsonline.com/amphibians/paradoxicalfrog.php |archive-date=2011-12-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="pfrog2">{{cite web |title=Nocturnal Animals |url=http://www.buzzle.com/articles/nocturnal-animals.html |access-date=2011-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009112001/http://www.buzzle.com/articles/nocturnal-animals.html |archive-date=2011-10-09 |url-status= |
* [[Pseudis paradoxa|Paradoxical frog]]<ref name="pfrog1">{{cite web |title=Paradoxical frog ( ''Pseudis paradoxus'' ) |url=http://www.wildanimalsonline.com/amphibians/paradoxicalfrog.php |website=WildAnimalsOnline.com |access-date=2011-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111216202704/http://www.wildanimalsonline.com/amphibians/paradoxicalfrog.php |archive-date=2011-12-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="pfrog2">{{cite web |title=Nocturnal Animals |url=http://www.buzzle.com/articles/nocturnal-animals.html |access-date=2011-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111009112001/http://www.buzzle.com/articles/nocturnal-animals.html |archive-date=2011-10-09 |url-status=usurped}}</ref> |
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* [[Porcupine]]<ref name="pornoc">{{cite web |url=http://www.nhm.org/site/explore-exhibits/permanent-exhibits/north-american-mammals/porcupine |title=North American porcupine — Erethizon dorsatum (Linnaeus, 1758) |publisher=Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County |access-date=July 26, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140607082910/http://www.nhm.org/site/explore-exhibits/permanent-exhibits/north-american-mammals/porcupine |archive-date=June 7, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
* [[Porcupine]]<ref name="pornoc">{{cite web |url=http://www.nhm.org/site/explore-exhibits/permanent-exhibits/north-american-mammals/porcupine |title=North American porcupine — Erethizon dorsatum (Linnaeus, 1758) |publisher=Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County |access-date=July 26, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140607082910/http://www.nhm.org/site/explore-exhibits/permanent-exhibits/north-american-mammals/porcupine |archive-date=June 7, 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> |
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* [[Phalangeriformes|Possum]]<ref name="possum">{{cite web |url=http://rainforest-australia.com/possums.htm |title=! Rainforest Possums ! Tropical Rainforest, Far North Queensland Australia |first=John |last=Chambers |access-date=2012-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120128101453/http://rainforest-australia.com/possums.htm |archive-date=2012-01-28 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |
* [[Phalangeriformes|Possum]]<ref name="possum">{{cite web |url=http://rainforest-australia.com/possums.htm |title=! Rainforest Possums ! Tropical Rainforest, Far North Queensland Australia |first=John |last=Chambers |access-date=2012-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120128101453/http://rainforest-australia.com/possums.htm |archive-date=2012-01-28 |url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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* [[Sportive lemur]] |
* [[Sportive lemur]] |
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* [[Sugar glider]] |
* [[Sugar glider]] |
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* [[Tapeti]]<ref name="tapeti1">{{cite web |url=http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org/s/0MLagomorph/Leporidae/Sylvilagus/sylvilagus_brasiliensis.htm |title=Sylvilagus brasiliensis - Tapeti (Species) |access-date=2012-02-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412195725/http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org/S/0MLagomorph/Leporidae/Sylvilagus/Sylvilagus_brasiliensis.htm |archive-date=2019-04-12 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="tapeti2">{{cite web |url=http://www.buzzle.com/articles/nocturnal-animals-list.html |title=Nocturnal Animals List |first=Ningthoujam |last=Sandhyarani |work=Buzzle |access-date=2012-02-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315023220/http://www.buzzle.com/articles/nocturnal-animals-list.html |archive-date=2012-03-15 |url-status= |
* [[Tapeti]]<ref name="tapeti1">{{cite web |url=http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org/s/0MLagomorph/Leporidae/Sylvilagus/sylvilagus_brasiliensis.htm |title=Sylvilagus brasiliensis - Tapeti (Species) |access-date=2012-02-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190412195725/http://wildpro.twycrosszoo.org/S/0MLagomorph/Leporidae/Sylvilagus/Sylvilagus_brasiliensis.htm |archive-date=2019-04-12 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="tapeti2">{{cite web |url=http://www.buzzle.com/articles/nocturnal-animals-list.html |title=Nocturnal Animals List |first=Ningthoujam |last=Sandhyarani |work=Buzzle |access-date=2012-02-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315023220/http://www.buzzle.com/articles/nocturnal-animals-list.html |archive-date=2012-03-15 |url-status=usurped}}</ref> |
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* [[Tarantula]]<ref name="tarantula">[http://pp.desertmuseum.org/kids/oz/long-fact-sheets/tarantula.php Desert Museum] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118140038/http://pp.desertmuseum.org/kids/oz/long-fact-sheets/tarantula.php |date=2012-01-18 }}</ref> |
* [[Tarantula]]<ref name="tarantula">[http://pp.desertmuseum.org/kids/oz/long-fact-sheets/tarantula.php Desert Museum] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118140038/http://pp.desertmuseum.org/kids/oz/long-fact-sheets/tarantula.php |date=2012-01-18 }}</ref> |
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* [[Tarsier]]<ref name="tarsier">{{cite web |url=http://www.factzoo.com/mammals/tarsiers.html |title=Tarsiers - The Big-Eyed, Ancient, Nocturnal Mammal|date=21 January 2009 }}</ref> |
* [[Tarsier]]<ref name="tarsier">{{cite web |url=http://www.factzoo.com/mammals/tarsiers.html |title=Tarsiers - The Big-Eyed, Ancient, Nocturnal Mammal|date=21 January 2009 }}</ref> |
Revision as of 10:26, 24 October 2024
This is a list of nocturnal animals and groups of animals. There is also a more specific list of nocturnal birds.
Known nocturnal animals
- Aardvark
- Aye-aye[1]
- African elephant (possibly crepuscular; when near humans, otherwise diurnal)[2]
- American black bear
- Badger[3]
- Bandicoot
- Bat[4]
- Bat-eared fox[5]
- Beaver[6]
- Bilby[7]
- Binturong[8]
- Black rhinoceros
- Black rat[9]
- Black-footed cat
- Brown rat[10]
- Galago (bushbaby)[11]
- Bush rat[12]
- Capybara (some are crepuscular)[13]
- Caracal[14]
- Cat (can be awake at any time of day or night but are mostly crepuscular)
- Catfish[15][16]
- Chinchilla[17]
- Civet[18]
- Cockroach[19]
- Cougar[20]
- Coyote[21][22]
- Cricket[23]
- Cacomistle
- Cyprus spiny mouse[24]
- Dingo[25]
- Dolphin
- Dwarf crocodile[26]
- Eastern woolly lemur[27]
- Firefly[28]
- Flying squirrel[29][30]
- Genet (animal)
- Gerbil[31] (some are diurnal or crepuscular[32])
- Giraffe (possibly crepuscular)
- Gray wolf[33]
- Great grey slug[34][35]
- Great white shark[36] (possibly crepuscular)
- Hamster[31][37]
- Hedgehog[38]
- Hermit crab[39][40]
- Hippopotamus
- Honey badger[41][42]
- Hyena[43]
- Hoffmann's two-toed sloth[44]
- Iranian jerboa[45][46]
- Jaguar (bordering on crepuscular)
- Kangaroo (most, a few are crepuscular)[47]
- Koala (mostly nocturnal)[48][49]
- Kinkajou[50]
- Kit fox (mostly)[51]
- Leopard[52]
- Leopard Gecko[53]
- Lion (bordering on crepuscular)[54][55]
- Margay[56]
- Mink (bordering on crepuscular)[57][58]
- Mole
- Mouse[59][60]
- Nightingale
- Nightjar
- Nine-banded armadillo[61]
- Octodon (except the diurnal degus species)[62]
- Oncilla[63][64]
- Ocelot
- Opossum[65][66]
- Otter
- Owl
- Owl monkey[67]
- Pacarana
- Panamanian night monkey[68][69]
- Pangolin[70]
- Platypus[71]
- Paradoxical frog[72][73]
- Porcupine[74]
- Possum[75]
- Puma[76]
- Python regius[77]
- Quoll
- Rabbit rat[78]
- Raccoon[79][80]
- Red-eyed tree frog[81][82]
- Red fox
- Ringtail
- Scorpion[83]
- Skunk[84]
- Slender loris[85]
- Slow loris[86]
- Spectacled bear[87]
- Sportive lemur
- Sugar glider
- Tapeti[88][89]
- Tarantula[90]
- Tarsier[91]
- Tasmanian devil
- Tiger (most species)[92][93]
- Turtle
- Onychophora
- Western woolly lemur
- Whale
- Whale shark
- Whip-poor-will
- White-faced storm petrel (when caring for young)[94]
- White-tailed deer (bordering on crepuscular)[95]
- Wild boar[96]
- Wolverine
- Wombat[97]
Extinct nocturnal animals
- Allosaurus
- Ceratosaurus
- Coelophysis
- Ctenochasma
- Deinonychus
- Majungasaurus
- Ornitholestes
- Palaeochiropteryx
- Panthera onca augusta (Pleistocene North American jaguar)
- Panthera onca mesembrina (Pleistocene South American jaguar)
- Rhamphorhynchus
- Shuvuuia
- Thylacinus cynocephalus (Thylacine)
- Troodon[98]
- Tyrannosaurus[99]
- Velociraptor[100]
See also
- Crepuscular, a classification of animals that are active primarily during twilight, making them similar to nocturnal animals.
- Diurnality, plant or animal behavior characterized by activity during the day and sleeping at night.
- Cathemeral, a classification of organisms with sporadic and random intervals of activity during the day or night.
- Matutinal, a classification of organisms that are only or primarily active in the pre-dawn hours or early night.
- Vespertine, a classification of organisms that are only or primarily active in the evening.
- Circadian rhythm
- Chronotype
References
- ^ "Aye-Aye Daubentonia madagascariensis". National Geographic. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
- ^ "African Elephant". Oakland Zoo. Retrieved 17 September 2023.
Most African elephants are diurnal though some herds who live near human populations have become mostly nocturnal to avoid human interactions.
- ^ Kansas University
- ^ "Encyclopedia Smithsonian: Bat Facts".
- ^ "Bat-eared fox". BBC Online. Retrieved 18 May 2010.
- ^ Swinnen, Kristijn R.R.; Hughes, Nelika K.; Leirs, Herwig (2015). "Beaver (Castor fiber) activity patterns in a predator-free landscape. What is keeping them in the dark?". Mammalian Biology. 80 (6): 477–483. doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2015.07.006. hdl:10067/1269160151162165141.
- ^ "Nocturnal Animals". AllAboutNature.com.
- ^ "Binturong - San Diego Zoo Animals".
- ^ "Black Rat - Rangerplanet.com". 21 August 2019.
- ^ "Brown Rat - Rangerplanet.com". 21 August 2019.
- ^ "Bush Baby". African Wildlife Foundation.
- ^ "Bush Rat".
- ^ "Capybara Fact Sheet". San Diego Zoo Global Library. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 22 July 2017. "Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris)". A-Z Animals. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
- ^ Briggs, Philip (2009). Tanzania: With Zanzibar, Pemba & Mafia. Chalfont St. Peter: Bradt Travel Guides. p. 28. ISBN 9781841622880.
- ^ Animal-World (4 August 2023). "Catfish". Animal World.
- ^ Wong, Kate. "How Nocturnal Catfish Stalk Their Prey". Scientific American.
- ^ "Chinchilla Facts: What is a Chinchilla – Adorable Pet or Wild Animal". ChinchillaFactsSite.com.
- ^ Journal van Schaik, C.P. and Griffiths, M., 1996. Activity periods of Indonesian rain forest mammals. Biotropica, pp.105-112.
- ^ "Cockroaches Management Guidelines--UC IPM".
- ^ National Park Service
- ^ "EEK! - Critter Corner - Coyote".
- ^ "Wildlife Directory: Coyote – Living with Wildlife". University of Illinois. Archived from the original on 2012-01-21. Retrieved 2011-12-03.
- ^ University of Arizona, Cricket Info Archived 2015-05-27 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Spiny Mice". Archived from the original on 2012-02-18.
- ^ Allen, Benjamin L.; Goullet, Mark; Allen, Lee R.; Lisle, Allan; Leung, Luke K.-P. (2013). "Dingoes at the doorstep: Preliminary data on the ecology of dingoes in urban areas". Landscape and Urban Planning. 119. Elsevier BV: 131–135. doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2013.07.008. ISSN 0169-2046.
- ^ Eaton, M.J. (2010). "Dwarf crocodile Osteolaemus tetraspis" (PDF). In Manolis, S.C.; C. Stevenson (eds.). Crocodiles: Status, Survey and Conservation Action Plan (3 ed.). IUCN Crocodile Specialist Conservation Group. pp. 127–132.
- ^ Flannery, Sean. "Eastern Woolly Lemur (Avahi laniger)". Archived from the original on February 8, 2008.
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