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Coordinates: 4°26′N 75°14′W / 4.433°N 75.233°W / 4.433; -75.233
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{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Ibagué
| official_name = Ibagué
| settlement_type = [[Municipalities of Colombia|Municipio]]
| settlement_type = [[Municipalities of Colombia|Municipio]]
| nickname = Musical city of Colombia<ref>[http://www.mycities.co/colombia/city_ibague_.html City of Ibagué (Tolima)]. ''Mycities.co''. Retrieved June 2, 2014</ref>
| nickname = ''Ciudad musical de Colombia'' (Musical city of Colombia)<ref>[http://www.mycities.co/colombia/city_ibague_.html City of Ibagué (Tolima)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160323044409/http://www.mycities.co/colombia/city_ibague_.html |date=23 March 2016 }}. ''Mycities.co''. Retrieved 2 June 2014</ref>
| motto =
| motto =
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| photo1a = Panorama Ibague.JPG
| photo1a = Panorama Ibague.JPG
| photo2a = Alcaldía de Ibagué.jpg
| photo2a = Alcaldía de Ibagué.jpg
|photo2b=Gobernacion del Tolima.jpg
| photo3a = Ibagué en flor (7598441672).jpg
| photo3a = Ibagué en flor (7598441672).jpg
|photo3b=Museo de arte del tolima.JPG
| spacing = 1
| spacing = 1
| position = center
| position = center
Line 15: Line 17:
| size = 270
| size = 270
| footmontage =
| footmontage =
| image_caption= From the top: Panorama of Ibagué from the east, Ibagué's city hall and Ocobos flowered in front of the Cathedral of Ibague
}}
}}
| imagesize = 305px
| imagesize = 305px
| image_caption = '''From the top:''' Panorama of Ibagué from the east, Ibagué's city hall, Governorate of Tolima, [[Tabebuia rosea|Ocobos]] flowered in front of the Cathedral of Ibague and Art Museum of Tolima.
| image_caption =
| image_flag = Flag of Ibagué.svg
| image_flag = Flag of Ibagué.svg
| image_seal = Escudo de Ibagué.svg
| image_seal = Escudo de Ibagué.svg
| image_map = Colombia - Tolima - Ibagué.svg
| image_map = Colombia - Tolima - Ibagué.svg
| mapsize = 200px
| mapsize = 200px
| map_caption = Location of the city of Ibagué in Tolima.
| map_caption = Location of the city of Ibagué in Tolima.
| pushpin_map = Colombia
| pushpin_map = Colombia
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Colombia
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Colombia
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Colombia}}
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Colombia}}
| subdivision_type1 = Region
| subdivision_type1 = Region
| subdivision_name1 = [[Andean Region (Colombia)|Andean Region]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Andean Region (Colombia)|Andean Region]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Departments of Colombia|Department]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Departments of Colombia|Department]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Department of Tolima]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Department of Tolima]]
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Andrés Hurtado
| leader_name = Johana Aranda
| established_title = Foundation
| established_title = Foundation
| established_date = October 14, 1550
| established_date = {{Start date|1550|10|14|df=yes}}
| area_magnitude =
| area_magnitude =
| area_total_km2 = 1498
| area_total_km2 = 1498
| area_land_km2 =
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_water_percent =
| area_water_percent =
| area_urban_km2 =
| area_urban_km2 = 47.96
| area_metro_km2 =
| area_metro_km2 =
| population_as_of = 2018
| population_as_of = 2018
| population_footnotes =<ref>https://www.dane.gov.co/files/varios/informacion-capital-DANE-2019.pdf</ref>
| population_footnotes = <ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.dane.gov.co/files/varios/informacion-capital-DANE-2019.pdf|website=dane.gov.co|title=Información capital|language=es|access-date=29 December 2019|archive-date=29 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191229221149/https://www.dane.gov.co/files/varios/informacion-capital-DANE-2019.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
| population_total = 529635
| population_total = 529635
| pop_est_as_of =
| pop_est_as_of =
| population_est =
| population_est =
| population_urban = 492554
| population_urban = 492554
| population_rural = 37081
| population_rural = 37081
| population_density_urban_km2 = auto
| population_demonym = Ibaguereño, ibaguereña
| population_demonym = Ibaguereño, ibaguereña
| timezone = [[Eastern Time Zone]]
| utc_offset = -5
| timezone = [[Eastern Time Zone]]
| coordinates = {{coord|4|26|N|75|14|W|region:CO_type:city(498401)|display=inline,title}}
| utc_offset = -5
| coordinates = {{coord|4|26|N|75|14|W|region:CO_type:city(498401)|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_m = 1285
| elevation_m = 1285
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = 730001-730019
| postal_code = 730001-730019
| area_code = 57 + 8
| area_code = 57 + 8
| website ={{url|ibague.gov.co/}} {{in lang|es}}
| website = {{URL|ibague.gov.co/}} {{in lang|es}}
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}


'''Ibagué''' ({{IPA-es|iβaˈɣe}}) (referred to as '''San Bonifacio de Ibagué del Valle de las Lanzas''' during the [[New Kingdom of Granada|Spanish]] period) is the capital of [[Tolima Department|Tolima]], one of the 32 departments that make up the [[Republic of Colombia]].<ref>{{cite web|title=What are the departments of Colombia|url=http://www.colombiainfo.org/en-us/colombia/departments.aspx|website=colombiainfo.org|access-date=March 23, 2015}}</ref> The city is located in the center of the country, on the central mountain range of the Colombian Andes, near [[Nevado del Tolima]]. It is one of the most populous cities in the country, with about 529,635 (according to the 2018 census) inhabitants, making it the seventh (7th) most populous in Colombia.<ref>https://www.dane.gov.co/files/varios/informacion-capital-DANE-2019.pdf</ref> It was founded on October 14, 1550, by the Spanish captain Andrés López de Galarza. The city of Ibagué is divided into 13 communes and the rural area has 17 [[Corregimientos of Colombia|corregimientos]].<ref>{{cite web|url= http://alcaldiadeibague.gov.co/web2/joomla/documentos/mapa_comunas.pdf|title= mapa de comunas de ibague|year= 2010|language= es}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> As the capital of the department of Tolima the city hosts the Government of [[Tolima Department|Tolima]], the Departmental Assembly, and the Attorney General's Office. It is the main epicenter of political, economic, [[administration (government)|administrative]], business, art, culture, and tourism activities in the area.
'''Ibagué''' ({{IPA|es|iβaˈɣe}}) (referred to as '''San Bonifacio de Ibagué del Valle de las Lanzas''' during the [[New Kingdom of Granada|Spanish]] period) is the capital of [[Tolima Department|Tolima]], one of the 32 departments that make up the [[Republic of Colombia]].<ref>{{cite web|title=What are the departments of Colombia|url=http://www.colombiainfo.org/en-us/colombia/departments.aspx|website=colombiainfo.org|access-date=23 March 2015|archive-date=7 May 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160507181958/http://www.colombiainfo.org/en-us/colombia/departments.aspx|url-status=live}}</ref> The city is located in the center of the country, on the central mountain range of the Colombian Andes, near [[Nevado del Tolima]]. It is one of the most populous cities in the country, with a population of 492,554 (according to the 2018 census), making it the eleventh most populous in Colombia,<ref name="auto"/> and with a population of 529,625 in the municipality. It was founded on 14 October 1550, by the Spanish captain Andrés López de Galarza. The city of Ibagué is divided into 13 communes and the rural area has 17 [[Corregimientos of Colombia|corregimientos]].<ref>{{cite web|url= http://alcaldiadeibague.gov.co/web2/joomla/documentos/mapa_comunas.pdf|title= mapa de comunas de ibague|year= 2010|language= es}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> As the capital of the department of Tolima the city hosts the Government of [[Tolima Department|Tolima]], the Departmental Assembly, and the Attorney General's Office. It is the main epicenter of political, economic, [[administration (government)|administrative]], business, art, culture, and tourism activities in the area.


Ibagué one of three cities in the country chosen by the World Trade Center Association (WTCA) to build headquarters along with [[Cali]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metrocuadrado.com/decoracion/content/colombia-suma-tres-world-trade-center-grupo-mundial|title=world trade center Colombia|year=2010|language=es|access-date=22 May 2013|archive-date=28 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141228152254/http://www.metrocuadrado.com/decoracion/content/colombia-suma-tres-world-trade-center-grupo-mundial|url-status=live}}</ref> adding to the one existing in [[Bogotá]]. The economy of Ibagué is based primarily on the industrial, tourism, and agricultural sectors, with its textile industry<ref>{{cite web
Ibagué maintains one of the major urban economies of [[Colombia]] and could grow in prominence within South America<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.portafolio.co/negocios/world-trade-centers|title= world trade center ibague
|url= http://www.colombianparadise.com/destinos/ibague.html
|title= economía de ibague
|year=2010
|year= 2010
|language=es}}</ref> with its development potential and competitive national and international [[business centers]], industry, and infrastructure. It is one of three cities in the country chosen by the World Trade Center Association (WTCA) to build headquarters along with [[Cali]],<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.metrocuadrado.com/decoracion/content/colombia-suma-tres-world-trade-center-grupo-mundial|title= world trade center Colombia
|year=2010
|language=es}}</ref> adding to the one existing in [[Bogotá]]. The economy of Ibagué is based primarily on the industrial, tourism, and agricultural sectors, with its textile industry<ref>{{cite web
|url= http://www.colombianparadise.com/destinos/ibague.html|title= economía de ibague
|year=2010
|author= colombianparadise
|author= colombianparadise
|language= es
|language=es}}</ref> being the third largest in Colombia.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/MAM-460022|title= ibague,ciudad de la confeccion |year=2010 |author=El tiempo|language=es}}</ref> According to "Doing Business" from the World Bank in Washington DC, Ibagué tops the ranking of the cities with greater ease of doing business and investment in the country after [[Manizales]].<ref>{{cite web
|access-date= 22 May 2013
|url=http://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/CMS-7246127|title=ibague seuna ciudad finanicera y de negocios del pais/web2/joomla/documentos/mapa_comunas.pdf
|archive-date= 4 March 2016
|year=2010
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160304071635/http://www.colombianparadise.com/destinos/ibague.html
|author= ibague es la segunda ciudad negociante del país
|url-status= live
|language=es}}</ref> The city is also part of the [[Colombian coffee growing axis]].
}}</ref> being the third largest in Colombia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/MAM-460022|title=ibague,ciudad de la confeccion|year=2010|author=El tiempo|language=es|access-date=22 May 2013|archive-date=4 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304051420/http://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/MAM-460022|url-status=live}}</ref> According to "Doing Business" from the World Bank in Washington DC, Ibagué tops the ranking of the cities with greater ease of doing business and investment in the country after [[Manizales]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/CMS-7246127|title=ibague seuna ciudad finanicera y de negocios del pais/web2/joomla/documentos/mapa_comunas.pdf|year=2010|author=ibague es la segunda ciudad negociante del país|language=es|access-date=22 May 2013|archive-date=28 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228120734/http://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/CMS-7246127|url-status=live}}</ref> The city is also part of the [[Colombian coffee growing axis]].


The city is known as "The Musical Capital of Colombia and America", thanks to the [[Conservatory of Tolima]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://conservatoriodeibague.edu.co/|title=conservatorio de ibague|year=2010|author=conservatorio de ibague|language=es|access-date=22 May 2013|archive-date=18 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130518181454/http://conservatoriodeibague.edu.co/|url-status=live}}</ref> (one of the most prestigious and important in Colombia),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.conservatoriodeltolima.edu.co/|title=conservatorio del tolima|year=2010|author=conservatorio del tolima|language=es|access-date=22 May 2013|archive-date=28 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210228001048/http://conservatoriodeltolima.edu.co/|url-status=live}}</ref> folklore festivities,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.festivalfolclorico.com/es/el-festival/reinados/nacional/|title=reinado nacional del folclor|year=2010|author=reinado nacional del folclor|language=es|access-date=22 May 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130619083158/http://festivalfolclorico.com/es/el-festival/reinados/nacional|archive-date=19 June 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> and its many monuments referring to music. The city's main educational institutions are the [[University of Tolima]], the [[University of Ibagué]], and the Conservatory of Tolima.
The city is known as "The Musical Capital of Colombia and America", thanks to the [[Conservatory of Tolima]]<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://conservatoriodeibague.edu.co/|title=conservatorio de ibague
|year=2010
|author= conservatorio de ibague
|language=es}}</ref> (one of the most prestigious and important in Colombia),<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.conservatoriodeltolima.edu.co/|title=conservatorio del tolima
|year=2010
|author= conservatorio del tolima
|language=es}}</ref> folklore festivities,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.festivalfolclorico.com/es/el-festival/reinados/nacional/|title=reinado nacional del folclor|year=2010|author=reinado nacional del folclor|language=es|access-date=May 22, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130619083158/http://festivalfolclorico.com/es/el-festival/reinados/nacional|archive-date=June 19, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> and its many monuments referring to music. The city's main educational institutions are the [[University of Tolima]], the [[University of Ibagué]], the [[Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia]] (UNAD) and the Conservatory of Tolima.


==History==
==History==
Ibagué was founded by Andrés López de Galarza on October 14 of 1550, as "Villa de San Bonifacio de Ibagué del Valle de las Lanzas" ("Town of Saint Boniface of Ibagué of the Valley of the Spears") in a nearby location where now lies the urban area of the neighboring municipality of [[Cajamarca, Tolima|Cajamarca]] about {{convert|42|km|0|abbr=in}} to the west of Ibagué's current whereabouts. The indigenous [[Pijaos]] commanded by [[cacique]] Ibagué were not fond of Spaniards colonizing the area so the city was re-founded in its current location on February 7, 1551. {{citation needed|date=May 2021}}
Ibagué was founded by Andrés López de Galarza on 14 October 1550, as "Villa de San Bonifacio de Ibagué del Valle de las Lanzas" ("Town of Saint Boniface of Ibagué of the Valley of the Spears") in a nearby location where now lies the urban area of the neighboring municipality of [[Cajamarca, Tolima|Cajamarca]] about {{convert|42|km|0|abbr=in}} to the west of Ibagué's current whereabouts. The indigenous [[Pijaos]] commanded by [[cacique]] Ibagué were not fond of Spaniards colonizing the area so the city was re-founded in its current location on 7 February 1551. {{citation needed|date=May 2021}}


From April to December 1854, Ibagué was briefly the capital of the [[Republic of New Granada|New Granada]] following a coup d'etat promoted by general [[José María Melo]]. In 1908, when the department of [[Tolima Department|Tolima]] was created, Ibagué was designated as its capital. The [[University of Tolima]] was founded in 1945, and was raised to state university status in 1954. The city is also the home of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ibagué]].
From April to December 1854, Ibagué was briefly the capital of the [[Republic of New Granada|New Granada]] following a coup d'etat promoted by general [[José María Melo]]. In 1908, when the department of [[Tolima Department|Tolima]] was created, Ibagué was designated as its capital. The [[University of Tolima]] was founded in 1945, and was raised to state university status in 1954. The city is also the home of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ibagué]].
Line 101: Line 91:
Ibagué lies within the [[Andean Volcanic Belt]]. It has two active volcanoes in its immediate vicinity: the [[Nevado del Tolima]], {{convert|28|km|0|abbr=on}} NW of the city, and the [[Cerro Machín]], {{convert|17|km|0|abbr=on}} west of the city center but still within the Municipality of Ibagué. The city is one access point to [[Los Nevados]] National Park, the other being [[Manizales]].
Ibagué lies within the [[Andean Volcanic Belt]]. It has two active volcanoes in its immediate vicinity: the [[Nevado del Tolima]], {{convert|28|km|0|abbr=on}} NW of the city, and the [[Cerro Machín]], {{convert|17|km|0|abbr=on}} west of the city center but still within the Municipality of Ibagué. The city is one access point to [[Los Nevados]] National Park, the other being [[Manizales]].


Cerro Machín has been dormant for the last 800 years, but seismological activity has been registered recently causing several earthquakes. The volcano is classified as "III – Changes in behavior of volcanic activity" by Ingeominas, the Colombian Institute for Geology and Mining.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ingeominas |url=http://intranet.ingeominas.gov.co/manizales/Página_Principal |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626201352/http://intranet.ingeominas.gov.co/manizales/P%C3%A1gina_Principal |url-status=dead |archive-date=June 26, 2007 |date=August 1, 2009 |publisher=Ingeominas |access-date=August 13, 2009 |language=es |location=Manizales, Colombia }}</ref> A map of menaced areas has been published indicating that in the event of an eruption the city of Ibagué would not be affected despite its proximity to the volcano.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mapa de amenaza del Cerro Machín |url=http://intranet.ingeominas.gov.co/manizales/Mapa_de_Amenaza_del_Cerro_Machín |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013025243/http://intranet.ingeominas.gov.co/manizales/Mapa_de_Amenaza_del_Cerro_Mach%C3%ADn |url-status=dead |archive-date=October 13, 2008 |date=December 9, 2008 |publisher=Ingeominas |access-date=August 13, 2009 |language=es |location=Manizales, Colombia }}</ref>
Cerro Machín has been dormant for the last 800 years, but seismological activity has been registered recently causing several earthquakes. The volcano is classified as "III – Changes in behavior of volcanic activity" by Ingeominas, the Colombian Institute for Geology and Mining.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ingeominas |url=http://intranet.ingeominas.gov.co/manizales/Página_Principal |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070626201352/http://intranet.ingeominas.gov.co/manizales/P%C3%A1gina_Principal |url-status=dead |archive-date=26 June 2007 |date=1 August 2009 |publisher=Ingeominas |access-date=13 August 2009 |language=es |location=Manizales, Colombia }}</ref> A map of menaced areas has been published indicating that in the event of an eruption the city of Ibagué would not be affected despite its proximity to the volcano.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mapa de amenaza del Cerro Machín |url=http://intranet.ingeominas.gov.co/manizales/Mapa_de_Amenaza_del_Cerro_Machín |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013025243/http://intranet.ingeominas.gov.co/manizales/Mapa_de_Amenaza_del_Cerro_Mach%C3%ADn |url-status=dead |archive-date=13 October 2008 |date=9 December 2008 |publisher=Ingeominas |access-date=13 August 2009 |language=es |location=Manizales, Colombia }}</ref>


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
[[File:Plaza de bolivar ibague.jpg|thumb|Plaza de Bolívar, the city's main park.]]
[[File:Plaza de bolivar ibague.jpg|thumb|Plaza de Bolívar, the city's main park.]]
The total population of the municipality of Ibagué (including urban and rural areas), according to the 2018 census, was 529,635 inhabitants, of which 492,554 resided in the urban area.<ref>https://www.dane.gov.co/files/varios/informacion-capital-DANE-2019.pdf</ref>
The total population of the municipality of Ibagué (including urban and rural areas), according to the 2018 census, was 529,635 inhabitants, of which 492,554 resided in the urban area.<ref name="auto"/>


==Infrastructure==
==Infrastructure==
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==Climate==
==Climate==
Ibagué features a [[tropical rainforest climate]] under the [[Köppen climate classification]], albeit a relatively cooler version of the climate due to the high altitude. Although the city does experience noticeably drier conditions during and around the months of January and July, the city has no true [[dry season]] month, as all twelve months see on average more than {{convert|60|mm|1|abbr=on}} of rain. As is commonplace in areas with this climate, temperatures are relatively consistent throughout the course of the year in Ibagué, with average high temperatures of about {{convert|28|C|F|1|disp=or}} and average low temperatures of about {{convert|18|C|F|1|disp=or}}. On average Ibagué sees {{convert|1700|mm|1|abbr=on}} of rain annually.
Ibagué features a [[tropical rainforest climate]] under the [[Köppen climate classification]], albeit a relatively cooler version of the climate due to the high altitude. Although the city does experience noticeably drier conditions during and around the months of January and July, the city has no true [[dry season]] month, as all twelve months see on average more than {{convert|60|mm|1|abbr=on}} of rain. As is commonplace in areas with this climate, temperatures are relatively consistent throughout the course of the year in Ibagué, with average high temperatures of about {{convert|28|C|F|1|disp=or}} and average low temperatures of about {{convert|18|C|F|1|disp=or}}. On average Ibagué sees {{convert|1700|mm|1|abbr=on}} of rain annually.

{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y
|collapsed = Y
|location = Ibagué (Chapeton), elevation {{convert|1300|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1971–2000)
|Jan high C = 25.7
|Feb high C = 26.0
|Mar high C = 25.9
|Apr high C = 25.4
|May high C = 25.6
|Jun high C = 25.9
|Jul high C = 26.5
|Aug high C = 26.9
|Sep high C = 26.5
|Oct high C = 25.4
|Nov high C = 25.2
|Dec high C = 25.3
| year high C = 25.8
|Jan mean C = 20.3
|Feb mean C = 20.6
|Mar mean C = 20.9
|Apr mean C = 20.6
|May mean C = 20.7
|Jun mean C = 20.8
|Jul mean C = 20.9
|Aug mean C = 21.1
|Sep mean C = 20.9
|Oct mean C = 20.3
|Nov mean C = 20.2
|Dec mean C = 20.2
| year mean C = 20.6
|Jan low C = 15.7
|Feb low C = 16.1
|Mar low C = 16.5
|Apr low C = 16.4
|May low C = 16.5
|Jun low C = 16.1
|Jul low C = 15.7
|Aug low C = 16.0
|Sep low C = 16.1
|Oct low C = 16.1
|Nov low C = 16.1
|Dec low C = 15.7
| year low C = 16.1
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 101.9
|Feb precipitation mm = 114.2
|Mar precipitation mm = 154.4
|Apr precipitation mm = 212.8
|May precipitation mm = 249.6
|Jun precipitation mm = 158.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 93.1
|Aug precipitation mm = 111.6
|Sep precipitation mm = 183.2
|Oct precipitation mm = 219.6
|Nov precipitation mm = 212.5
|Dec precipitation mm = 133.7
|year precipitation mm = 1945.4
| Jan precipitation days = 14
| Feb precipitation days = 14
| Mar precipitation days = 19
| Apr precipitation days = 22
| May precipitation days = 22
| Jun precipitation days = 17
| Jul precipitation days = 13
| Aug precipitation days = 13
| Sep precipitation days = 17
| Oct precipitation days = 21
| Nov precipitation days = 22
| Dec precipitation days = 17
| year precipitation days = 211
| Jan humidity = 81
| Feb humidity = 81
| Mar humidity = 82
| Apr humidity = 83
| May humidity = 83
| Jun humidity = 79
| Jul humidity = 74
| Aug humidity = 73
| Sep humidity = 77
| Oct humidity = 83
| Nov humidity = 85
| Dec humidity = 83
| year humidity = 80
|Jan sun = 158.1
|Feb sun = 124.4
|Mar sun = 130.2
|Apr sun = 117.0
|May sun = 145.7
|Jun sun = 159.0
|Jul sun = 176.7
|Aug sun = 170.5
|Sep sun = 153.0
|Oct sun = 124.0
|Nov sun = 126.0
|Dec sun = 139.5
|year sun =
|Jand sun = 5.1
|Febd sun = 4.4
|Mard sun = 4.2
|Aprd sun = 3.9
|Mayd sun = 4.7
|Jund sun = 5.3
|Juld sun = 5.7
|Augd sun = 5.5
|Sepd sun = 5.1
|Octd sun = 4.0
|Novd sun = 4.2
|Decd sun = 4.5
|yeard sun =
|source 1 = [[Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (Colombia)|Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales]]<ref name=IDEAM3>{{cite web
|url=http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/21789/PROMEDIOS+ACTUALES_71-00tablas.xls/fa837392-e28c-438b-819c-22770c6e03be
|title=Promedios Climatológicos 1971–2000
|publisher=Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales
|language=es
|access-date= 25 June 2024
}}{{dead link|date=May 2024}}</ref>
}}

{{Weather box|width = auto
{{Weather box|width = auto
|location = Ibagué, Colombia ([[Perales Airport]]) 1981-2010
|location = Ibagué, Colombia ([[Perales Airport]]), elevation {{convert|928|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020)
|metric first = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|single line = yes
|single line = yes
|temperature colour = pastel
|Jan record high C = 34.4
|Jan record high C = 34.4
|Feb record high C = 35.4
|Feb record high C = 35.4
|Mar record high C = 34.4
|Mar record high C = 34.4
|Apr record high C = 34.2
|Apr record high C = 34.2
|May record high C = 33.2
|May record high C = 35.9
|Jun record high C = 33.6
|Jun record high C = 33.6
|Jul record high C = 35.0
|Jul record high C = 35.0
Line 136: Line 245:
|Dec record high C = 34.2
|Dec record high C = 34.2
|year record high C = 36.4
|year record high C = 36.4
|Jan high C = 28.8
|Feb high C = 29.1
|Mar high C = 28.8
|Apr high C = 28.2
|May high C = 28.2
|Jun high C = 28.9
|Jul high C = 29.8
|Aug high C = 30.8
|Sep high C = 29.9
|Oct high C = 28.2
|Nov high C = 27.5
|Dec high C = 28.0
|year high C = 28.8
|Jan mean C = 23.8
|Feb mean C = 24.2
|Mar mean C = 24.0
|Apr mean C = 23.7
|May mean C = 23.8
|Jun mean C = 24.1
|Jul mean C = 24.5
|Aug mean C = 25.2
|Sep mean C = 24.6
|Oct mean C = 23.5
|Nov mean C = 23.1
|Dec mean C = 23.3
|year mean C = 24.0
|Jan low C = 18.8
|Feb low C = 19.3
|Mar low C = 19.3
|Apr low C = 19.3
|May low C = 19.3
|Jun low C = 19.1
|Jul low C = 18.9
|Aug low C = 19.2
|Sep low C = 19.0
|Oct low C = 19.0
|Nov low C = 19.0
|Dec low C = 18.9
|year low C = 19.1
|Jan record low C = 15.3
|Jan record low C = 15.3
|Feb record low C = 15.2
|Feb record low C = 15.2
Line 188: Line 258:
|Dec record low C = 15.4
|Dec record low C = 15.4
|year record low C = 10.6
|year record low C = 10.6
|rain colour = green
|Jan high C = 29.2
|Jan rain mm = 86.5
|Feb high C = 29.5
|Feb rain mm = 109.1
|Mar high C = 28.9
|Mar rain mm = 138.2
|Apr high C = 28.6
|Apr rain mm = 227.1
|May high C = 28.6
|May rain mm = 228.2
|Jun high C = 29.2
|Jun rain mm = 110.6
|Jul high C = 30.4
|Jul rain mm = 75.9
|Aug high C = 31.6
|Aug rain mm = 78.2
|Sep high C = 30.8
|Sep rain mm = 149.9
|Oct high C = 28.9
|Oct rain mm = 205.6
|Nov high C = 27.8
|Nov rain mm = 173.7
|Dec high C = 28.4
|Dec rain mm = 108.6
| year high C = 29.3
|Jan humidity = 77
|Jan mean C = 23.9
|Feb humidity = 77
|Feb mean C = 24.3
|Mar humidity = 79
|Mar mean C = 24.0
|Apr humidity = 81
|Apr mean C = 23.8
|May humidity = 81
|May mean C = 23.8
|Jun humidity = 77
|Jun mean C = 24.2
|Jul humidity = 70
|Jul mean C = 24.7
|Aug humidity = 66
|Aug mean C = 25.4
|Sep humidity = 72
|Sep mean C = 24.9
|Oct humidity = 80
|Oct mean C = 23.7
|Nov humidity = 83
|Nov mean C = 23.1
|Dec humidity = 81
|Dec mean C = 23.5
|year humidity = 77
| year mean C = 24.1
|unit rain days = 1 mm
|Jan low C = 19.2
|Jan rain days = 12
|Feb low C = 19.5
|Feb rain days = 13
|Mar low C = 19.5
|Mar rain days = 16
|Apr low C = 19.4
|Apr rain days = 20
|May low C = 19.5
|May rain days = 19
|Jun low C = 19.2
|Jun rain days = 12
|Jul low C = 19.2
|Jul rain days = 10
|Aug low C = 19.5
|Aug rain days = 10
|Sep low C = 19.2
|Sep rain days = 14
|Oct low C = 19.1
|Oct rain days = 19
|Nov low C = 19.2
|Nov rain days = 19
|Dec low C = 19.2
|Dec rain days = 14
| year low C = 19.3
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan sun = 179.8
|Feb sun = 144.1
|Jan precipitation mm = 86.0
|Feb precipitation mm = 105.9
|Mar sun = 139.5
|Mar precipitation mm = 160.3
|Apr sun = 138.0
|Apr precipitation mm = 230.2
|May sun = 155.0
|May precipitation mm = 220.7
|Jun sun = 168.0
|Jul sun = 192.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 99.1
|Aug sun = 195.3
|Jul precipitation mm = 67.4
|Sep sun = 180.0
|Aug precipitation mm = 60.8
|Sep precipitation mm = 124.7
|Oct sun = 158.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 189.1
|Nov sun = 141.0
|Nov precipitation mm = 173.1
|Dec sun = 164.3
|Dec precipitation mm = 110.5
|year sun = 1955.3
|year precipitation mm = 1627.7
|Jand sun = 5.8
|unit precipitation days = 1 mm
|Febd sun = 5.1
| Jan precipitation days = 8.8
|Mard sun = 4.5
| Feb precipitation days = 9.9
|Aprd sun = 4.6
| Mar precipitation days = 13.3
|Mayd sun = 5.0
| Apr precipitation days = 15.5
|Jund sun = 5.6
| May precipitation days = 14.9
|Juld sun = 6.2
| Jun precipitation days = 8.5
|Augd sun = 6.3
| Jul precipitation days = 6.9
|Sepd sun = 6.0
| Aug precipitation days = 5.7
|Octd sun = 5.1
| Sep precipitation days = 10.3
|Novd sun = 4.7
| Oct precipitation days = 14.4
|Decd sun = 5.3
| Nov precipitation days = 14.1
|yeard sun = 5.3
| Dec precipitation days = 11.1
|source 1 = [[Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (Colombia)|Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales]]<ref name=IDEAM1>{{cite web
| year precipitation days = 133.5
| Jan humidity = 77
| Feb humidity = 77
| Mar humidity = 79
| Apr humidity = 81
| May humidity = 81
| Jun humidity = 77
| Jul humidity = 70
| Aug humidity = 66
| Sep humidity = 72
| Oct humidity = 80
| Nov humidity = 83
| Dec humidity = 81
| year humidity = 77
|Jan sun = 179.8
|Feb sun = 144.0
|Mar sun = 139.5
|Apr sun = 138.0
|May sun = 155.0
|Jun sun = 168.0
|Jul sun = 192.2
|Aug sun = 195.3
|Sep sun = 180.0
|Oct sun = 158.1
|Nov sun = 141.0
|Dec sun = 164.3
|year sun =
|Jand sun = 5.8
|Febd sun = 5.1
|Mard sun = 4.5
|Aprd sun = 4.6
|Mayd sun = 5.0
|Jund sun = 5.6
|Juld sun = 6.2
|Augd sun = 6.3
|Sepd sun = 6.0
|Octd sun = 5.1
|Novd sun = 4.7
|Decd sun = 5.3
|yeard sun =
|source 1 = [[Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (Colombia)|Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales]] (humidity, sun 1971-2010)<ref name=IDEAM1>{{cite web
|url=http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Normales%2BClimatol%C3%B3gicas%2BEst%C3%A1ndar_Periodo%2B1991-2020.xlsx/347421fe-b205-478f-9c24-55d0ea3785cd
|title=Promedios Climatológicos 1991–2020
|publisher=Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales
|language=es
|access-date=25 June 2024
|archive-date=6 June 2024
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240606062955/http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Normales+Climatol%C3%B3gicas+Est%C3%A1ndar_Periodo+1991-2020.xlsx/347421fe-b205-478f-9c24-55d0ea3785cd
|url-status=dead
}}</ref><ref name=IDEAM2>{{cite web
|url=http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios+Climatol%C3%B3gicos++1981+-+2010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128
|url=http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios+Climatol%C3%B3gicos++1981+-+2010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815025712/http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios%20Climatol%C3%B3gicos%20%201981%20-%202010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815025712/http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios%20Climatol%C3%B3gicos%20%201981%20-%202010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128
|archive-date=August 15, 2016
|archive-date=15 August 2016
|title=Promedios Climatológicos 1981–2010
|title=Promedios Climatológicos 1981–2010
|publisher=Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales
|publisher=Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales
|language=es
|language=es
|access-date=August 16, 2016
|access-date=16 August 2016
|url-status=dead
|url-status=dead
}}</ref><ref name=IDEAM2>{{cite web
}}</ref><ref name=IDEAM3>{{cite web
|url=http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios+Climatol%C3%B3gicos++1971+-+2000.xlsx/7358269a-2856-442c-8d41-fe076f0361af
|url=http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios+Climatol%C3%B3gicos++1971+-+2000.xlsx/7358269a-2856-442c-8d41-fe076f0361af
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815030409/http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios%2BClimatol%C3%B3gicos%2B%2B1971%2B-%2B2000.xlsx/7358269a-2856-442c-8d41-fe076f0361af
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815030409/http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios%2BClimatol%C3%B3gicos%2B%2B1971%2B-%2B2000.xlsx/7358269a-2856-442c-8d41-fe076f0361af
|archive-date=August 15, 2016
|archive-date=15 August 2016
|title=Promedios Climatológicos 1971–2000
|title=Promedios Climatológicos 1971–2000
|publisher=Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales
|publisher=Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales
|language=es
|language=es
|access-date=August 16, 2016
|access-date=16 August 2016
|url-status=dead
|url-status=dead
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
| url = http://www.ideam.gov.co/web/tiempo-y-clima/clima
| url = http://www.ideam.gov.co/web/tiempo-y-clima/clima
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160815030620/http://www.ideam.gov.co/web/tiempo-y-clima/clima
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160815030620/http://www.ideam.gov.co/web/tiempo-y-clima/clima
| archive-date = August 15, 2016
| archive-date = 15 August 2016
| title = Tiempo y Clima
| title = Tiempo y Clima
| publisher = Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales
| publisher = Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales
| language = es
| language = es
| access-date = August 16, 2016}}</ref>
| access-date = 16 August 2016}}</ref>
|date=August 2010
|date=August 2010
}}
}}

{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y
|collapsed = Y
|location = Ibagué (Perales Hato Opia), elevation {{convert|700|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1981–2010)
|Jan high C = 30.4
|Feb high C = 30.5
|Mar high C = 30.1
|Apr high C = 29.4
|May high C = 29.2
|Jun high C = 29.9
|Jul high C = 31.1
|Aug high C = 32.4
|Sep high C = 31.1
|Oct high C = 29.3
|Nov high C = 28.9
|Dec high C = 29.5
| year high C = 30.2
|Jan mean C = 25.3
|Feb mean C = 25.2
|Mar mean C = 25.1
|Apr mean C = 24.7
|May mean C = 24.8
|Jun mean C = 25.1
|Jul mean C = 25.7
|Aug mean C = 26.4
|Sep mean C = 25.8
|Oct mean C = 24.8
|Nov mean C = 24.4
|Dec mean C = 24.7
| year mean C = 25.2
|Jan low C = 19.2
|Feb low C = 19.7
|Mar low C = 19.9
|Apr low C = 19.9
|May low C = 19.7
|Jun low C = 19.6
|Jul low C = 19.4
|Aug low C = 19.6
|Sep low C = 19.5
|Oct low C = 19.5
|Nov low C = 19.5
|Dec low C = 19.5
| year low C = 19.6
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 63.0
|Feb precipitation mm = 72.6
|Mar precipitation mm = 115.1
|Apr precipitation mm = 200.7
|May precipitation mm = 212.9
|Jun precipitation mm = 92.4
|Jul precipitation mm = 62.5
|Aug precipitation mm = 74.9
|Sep precipitation mm = 152.9
|Oct precipitation mm = 170.9
|Nov precipitation mm = 125.7
|Dec precipitation mm = 78.1
|year precipitation mm = 1421.6
| Jan precipitation days = 8
| Feb precipitation days = 9
| Mar precipitation days = 11
| Apr precipitation days = 16
| May precipitation days = 16
| Jun precipitation days = 10
| Jul precipitation days = 8
| Aug precipitation days = 7
| Sep precipitation days = 12
| Oct precipitation days = 16
| Nov precipitation days = 13
| Dec precipitation days = 10
| year precipitation days = 136
| Jan humidity = 76
| Feb humidity = 77
| Mar humidity = 78
| Apr humidity = 81
| May humidity = 81
| Jun humidity = 77
| Jul humidity = 71
| Aug humidity = 69
| Sep humidity = 73
| Oct humidity = 79
| Nov humidity = 81
| Dec humidity = 79
| year humidity = 77
|Jan sun = 182.9
|Feb sun = 146.8
|Mar sun = 142.6
|Apr sun = 135.0
|May sun = 158.1
|Jun sun = 171.0
|Jul sun = 195.3
|Aug sun = 198.4
|Sep sun = 174.0
|Oct sun = 158.1
|Nov sun = 144.0
|Dec sun = 170.5
|year sun =
|Jand sun = 5.9
|Febd sun = 5.2
|Mard sun = 4.6
|Aprd sun = 4.5
|Mayd sun = 5.1
|Jund sun = 5.7
|Juld sun = 6.3
|Augd sun = 6.4
|Sepd sun = 5.8
|Octd sun = 5.1
|Novd sun = 4.8
|Decd sun = 5.5
|yeard sun =
|source 1 = [[Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies (Colombia)|Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales]]<ref name=IDEAM4>{{cite web
|url=http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios+Climatol%C3%B3gicos++1981+-+2010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160815025712/http://www.ideam.gov.co/documents/21021/553571/Promedios%2BClimatol%C3%B3gicos%2B%2B1981%2B-%2B2010.xlsx/f28d0b07-1208-4a46-8ccf-bddd70fb4128
|archive-date=15 August 2016
|title=Promedios Climatológicos 1981–2010
|publisher=Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales
|language=es
|access-date= 25 June 2024
|url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}

==Neighborhoods==
<!---♦♦♦ Only add a location to this list if they already have their own article on the English Wikipedia ♦♦♦--->
<!---♦♦♦ Please keep the list in alphabetical order ♦♦♦--->
*[[Picaleña (Ibagué)|Picaleña]]
*Combeima
*Ricaurte
*Kenedy
*Jordan (I-IX etapa)
*Sta Helena
*Belen
*Pueblo Nuevo
*Galan
*Sta Rita
*Venecia
*Ambala
*Pedregal
*Vergel
*Martires
*Estadio
*La Francia
*San Francisco
*Claret
*Hipodromo
*Las Ferias


==Notable people==
==Notable people==
*[[Andres Marin]], competitive ice climber
*[[Dario Ortiz (artist)|Darío Ortiz Robledo]]<ref>[http://www.elespectador.com/entretenimiento/arteygente/articulo-dario-ortiz-abrio-su-ventana-al-mundo "Darío Ortiz abrió su 'Ventana al Mundo'"], ''[[El Espectador]]'', September 29, 2008 {{in lang|es}}.</ref>
*[[Gloria Valencia de Castaño]], Journalist
*[[Dario Ortiz (artist)|Darío Ortiz Robledo]], artist<ref>[http://www.elespectador.com/entretenimiento/arteygente/articulo-dario-ortiz-abrio-su-ventana-al-mundo "Darío Ortiz abrió su 'Ventana al Mundo'"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614060702/https://www.elespectador.com/entretenimiento/arteygente/articulo-dario-ortiz-abrio-su-ventana-al-mundo |date=14 June 2018 }}, ''[[El Espectador]]'', 29 September 2008 {{in lang|es}}.</ref>
*[[Óscar Escandón]], [[Boxing|boxer]]
*[[Óscar Escandón]], [[Boxing|boxer]]
*[[Jairo Alberto Bocanegra Pena]], singer
*[[Jairo Alberto Bocanegra Pena]], singer
Line 289: Line 557:
*[[Estefanía Gómez]], actress
*[[Estefanía Gómez]], actress
*[[James Cañón]], novelist
*[[James Cañón]], novelist
*[[James Rodríguez]], soccer player
*


==Sports==
==Sports==
{{Update|section|date=June 2020}}
{{Update|section|date=June 2020}}
The Colombian Football Association announced that Ibagué will be one of the venue cities to host the [[2016 FIFA Futsal World Cup]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fcf.com.co/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4670:copa-mundial-de-futsal-de-la-fifa-se-jugara-en-colombia-en-2016&catid=4:&Itemid=296 |title=Copa Mundial de Futsal de la FIFA se jugará en Colombia en 2016 |publisher=fcf.com.co/ |date=May 28, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203012230/http://fcf.com.co/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4670%3Acopa-mundial-de-futsal-de-la-fifa-se-jugara-en-colombia-en-2016&catid=4%3A&Itemid=296 |archive-date=December 3, 2013 }}</ref>
The Colombian Football Association announced that Ibagué will be one of the venue cities to host the [[2016 FIFA Futsal World Cup]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fcf.com.co/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4670:copa-mundial-de-futsal-de-la-fifa-se-jugara-en-colombia-en-2016&catid=4:&Itemid=296 |title=Copa Mundial de Futsal de la FIFA se jugará en Colombia en 2016 |publisher=fcf.com.co/ |date=28 May 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203012230/http://fcf.com.co/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4670%3Acopa-mundial-de-futsal-de-la-fifa-se-jugara-en-colombia-en-2016&catid=4%3A&Itemid=296 |archive-date=3 December 2013 }}</ref> although in the end it was not designated as the venue for the sporting event.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/CMS-16495235#:~:text=As%C3%AD%20las%20cosas%2C%20Cali%2C%20Medell%C3%ADn,y%20el%201%20de%20octubre | title=Cali, Medellín y Bucaramanga, sedes del Mundial de Futsal | date=29 January 2016 | access-date=30 July 2022 | archive-date=7 April 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407075121/https://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/CMS-16495235#:~:text=As%C3%AD%20las%20cosas%2C%20Cali%2C%20Medell%C3%ADn,y%20el%201%20de%20octubre | url-status=live }}</ref>


Ibague has one professional soccer team [[Deportes Tolima]] three times [[Liga BetPlay]] winner in 2003, 2018 and 2021. Club Deportes Tolima <ref>{{Cite web |title=Historia – Club Deportes Tolima |date=18 August 2020 |url=https://clubdeportestolima.com.co/historia-2/ |access-date=2023-07-13 |language=es |archive-date=13 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230713155537/https://clubdeportestolima.com.co/historia-2/ |url-status=live }}</ref> was founded on 18 December 1954, under the leadership of Manuel Rubio Sánchez, who was in charge of registering the team with Dimayor for the sum of 10,000 pesos. In 1957, one of the most important men in the history of Deportes Tolima, Jorge Guzmán Molina, arrived, achieving the first sub-championship of the team.
==International relations==

==Twin towns – sister cities==
{{See also|List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_South_America#Colombia|l1=List of twin towns and sister cities in Colombia}}
{{See also|List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_South_America#Colombia|l1=List of twin towns and sister cities in Colombia}}
Ibagué is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web|title=Menu: International cooperation|url=https://ibaguecreativa.gov.co/en/vitoria-gasteiz-espana-2/|website=ibaguecreativa.gov.co|publisher=Ibagué Creativa|access-date=2021-12-22|archive-date=22 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211222132407/https://ibaguecreativa.gov.co/en/vitoria-gasteiz-espana-2/|url-status=live}}</ref>

*{{flagicon|CHN}} [[Chengdu]], China
===Twin towns – Sister cities===
*{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Vitoria-Gasteiz]], Spain
Ibagué is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:

* {{flagicon|ESP}} [[Vitoria-Gasteiz]], Spain


==References==
==References==
Line 308: Line 578:
* [http://www.elnuevodia.com.co/ El Nuevo Día (local journal)]
* [http://www.elnuevodia.com.co/ El Nuevo Día (local journal)]
* [http://www.elolfato.com/ ElOlfato.com (digital magazine)]
* [http://www.elolfato.com/ ElOlfato.com (digital magazine)]
* [http://elibaguereno.com ElIbaguereño.com (digital journal)]
* [https://www.ecosdelcombeima.com/ Ecos del Combeima (local radio station and digital radio)]
* [https://www.ecosdelcombeima.com/ Ecos del Combeima (local radio station and digital radio)]
* [http://www.ondasdeibague.com/ Ondas de Ibagué (local radio station and digital radio)]
* [http://www.ondasdeibague.com/ Ondas de Ibagué (local radio station and digital radio)]
* {{Commons category-inline|Ibagué}}
* {{Commons category-inline|Ibagué}}
* {{Wikivoyage-inline|Ibagué}}
* {{Wikivoyage inline|Ibagué}}


{{Municipalities tolima department}}
{{Municipalities tolima department}}
{{American Capital of Culture}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


Latest revision as of 16:44, 24 October 2024

Ibagué
Municipio
From the top: Panorama of Ibagué from the east, Ibagué's city hall, Governorate of Tolima, Ocobos flowered in front of the Cathedral of Ibague and Art Museum of Tolima.
Flag of Ibagué
Flag
Official seal of Ibagué
Seal
Nickname: 
Ciudad musical de Colombia (Musical city of Colombia)[1]
Location of the city of Ibagué in Tolima.
Location of the city of Ibagué in Tolima.
Ibagué is located in Colombia
Ibagué
Ibagué
Location in Colombia
Coordinates: 4°26′N 75°14′W / 4.433°N 75.233°W / 4.433; -75.233
Country Colombia
RegionAndean Region
DepartmentDepartment of Tolima
Foundation14 October 1550 (1550-10-14)
Government
 • MayorJohana Aranda
Area
 • Municipio
1,498 km2 (578 sq mi)
 • Urban
47.96 km2 (18.52 sq mi)
Elevation
1,285 m (4,216 ft)
Population
 (2018)[2]
 • Municipio
529,635
 • Urban
492,554
 • Urban density10,000/km2 (27,000/sq mi)
 • Rural
37,081
Demonym(s)Ibaguereño, ibaguereña
Time zoneUTC-5 (Eastern Time Zone)
Postal code
730001-730019
Area code57 + 8
Websiteibague.gov.co (in Spanish)

Ibagué (Spanish pronunciation: [iβaˈɣe]) (referred to as San Bonifacio de Ibagué del Valle de las Lanzas during the Spanish period) is the capital of Tolima, one of the 32 departments that make up the Republic of Colombia.[3] The city is located in the center of the country, on the central mountain range of the Colombian Andes, near Nevado del Tolima. It is one of the most populous cities in the country, with a population of 492,554 (according to the 2018 census), making it the eleventh most populous in Colombia,[2] and with a population of 529,625 in the municipality. It was founded on 14 October 1550, by the Spanish captain Andrés López de Galarza. The city of Ibagué is divided into 13 communes and the rural area has 17 corregimientos.[4] As the capital of the department of Tolima the city hosts the Government of Tolima, the Departmental Assembly, and the Attorney General's Office. It is the main epicenter of political, economic, administrative, business, art, culture, and tourism activities in the area.

Ibagué one of three cities in the country chosen by the World Trade Center Association (WTCA) to build headquarters along with Cali,[5] adding to the one existing in Bogotá. The economy of Ibagué is based primarily on the industrial, tourism, and agricultural sectors, with its textile industry[6] being the third largest in Colombia.[7] According to "Doing Business" from the World Bank in Washington DC, Ibagué tops the ranking of the cities with greater ease of doing business and investment in the country after Manizales.[8] The city is also part of the Colombian coffee growing axis.

The city is known as "The Musical Capital of Colombia and America", thanks to the Conservatory of Tolima[9] (one of the most prestigious and important in Colombia),[10] folklore festivities,[11] and its many monuments referring to music. The city's main educational institutions are the University of Tolima, the University of Ibagué, and the Conservatory of Tolima.

History

[edit]

Ibagué was founded by Andrés López de Galarza on 14 October 1550, as "Villa de San Bonifacio de Ibagué del Valle de las Lanzas" ("Town of Saint Boniface of Ibagué of the Valley of the Spears") in a nearby location where now lies the urban area of the neighboring municipality of Cajamarca about 42 km (26 miles) to the west of Ibagué's current whereabouts. The indigenous Pijaos commanded by cacique Ibagué were not fond of Spaniards colonizing the area so the city was re-founded in its current location on 7 February 1551. [citation needed]

From April to December 1854, Ibagué was briefly the capital of the New Granada following a coup d'etat promoted by general José María Melo. In 1908, when the department of Tolima was created, Ibagué was designated as its capital. The University of Tolima was founded in 1945, and was raised to state university status in 1954. The city is also the home of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ibagué.

Geography

[edit]

Ibagué is located in the Colombian Andean region, in the center of the department of Tolima, surrounded by mountains on all sides with the exception of a plateau which extends to the east.

Volcanism

[edit]

Ibagué lies within the Andean Volcanic Belt. It has two active volcanoes in its immediate vicinity: the Nevado del Tolima, 28 km (17 mi) NW of the city, and the Cerro Machín, 17 km (11 mi) west of the city center but still within the Municipality of Ibagué. The city is one access point to Los Nevados National Park, the other being Manizales.

Cerro Machín has been dormant for the last 800 years, but seismological activity has been registered recently causing several earthquakes. The volcano is classified as "III – Changes in behavior of volcanic activity" by Ingeominas, the Colombian Institute for Geology and Mining.[12] A map of menaced areas has been published indicating that in the event of an eruption the city of Ibagué would not be affected despite its proximity to the volcano.[13]

Demographics

[edit]
Plaza de Bolívar, the city's main park.

The total population of the municipality of Ibagué (including urban and rural areas), according to the 2018 census, was 529,635 inhabitants, of which 492,554 resided in the urban area.[2]

Infrastructure

[edit]

Transportation

[edit]

Municipal transport is managed by several local bus companies that operate minibuses throughout the city and to neighboring villages.

Ibagué lies at the intersection of national roads 40 and 43, connecting the city to Magdalena River Valley and Bogotá to the east, Armenia and the Valle del Cauca to the west, and Honda to the north. There is a long distance bus terminal with connections to most big cities in Colombia. There are frequent connections to Bogotá, Cali, Medellín, and several overnight buses to Cartagena, Barranquilla, and seasonal services to Santa Marta.

About 10 km (6 mi) east of the city lies Perales Airport which has several flights a day to Bogotá and Medellín.

Climate

[edit]

Ibagué features a tropical rainforest climate under the Köppen climate classification, albeit a relatively cooler version of the climate due to the high altitude. Although the city does experience noticeably drier conditions during and around the months of January and July, the city has no true dry season month, as all twelve months see on average more than 60 mm (2.4 in) of rain. As is commonplace in areas with this climate, temperatures are relatively consistent throughout the course of the year in Ibagué, with average high temperatures of about 28 °C or 82.4 °F and average low temperatures of about 18 °C or 64.4 °F. On average Ibagué sees 1,700 mm (66.9 in) of rain annually.

Climate data for Ibagué (Chapeton), elevation 1,300 m (4,300 ft), (1971–2000)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 25.7
(78.3) 		26.0
(78.8) 		25.9
(78.6) 		25.4
(77.7) 		25.6
(78.1) 		25.9
(78.6) 		26.5
(79.7) 		26.9
(80.4) 		26.5
(79.7) 		25.4
(77.7) 		25.2
(77.4) 		25.3
(77.5) 		25.8
(78.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) 20.3
(68.5) 		20.6
(69.1) 		20.9
(69.6) 		20.6
(69.1) 		20.7
(69.3) 		20.8
(69.4) 		20.9
(69.6) 		21.1
(70.0) 		20.9
(69.6) 		20.3
(68.5) 		20.2
(68.4) 		20.2
(68.4) 		20.6
(69.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 15.7
(60.3) 		16.1
(61.0) 		16.5
(61.7) 		16.4
(61.5) 		16.5
(61.7) 		16.1
(61.0) 		15.7
(60.3) 		16.0
(60.8) 		16.1
(61.0) 		16.1
(61.0) 		16.1
(61.0) 		15.7
(60.3) 		16.1
(61.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 101.9
(4.01) 		114.2
(4.50) 		154.4
(6.08) 		212.8
(8.38) 		249.6
(9.83) 		158.8
(6.25) 		93.1
(3.67) 		111.6
(4.39) 		183.2
(7.21) 		219.6
(8.65) 		212.5
(8.37) 		133.7
(5.26) 		1,945.4
(76.59)
Average precipitation days 14 14 19 22 22 17 13 13 17 21 22 17 211
Average relative humidity (%) 81 81 82 83 83 79 74 73 77 83 85 83 80
Mean monthly sunshine hours 158.1 124.4 130.2 117.0 145.7 159.0 176.7 170.5 153.0 124.0 126.0 139.5 1,724.1
Mean daily sunshine hours 5.1 4.4 4.2 3.9 4.7 5.3 5.7 5.5 5.1 4.0 4.2 4.5 4.7
Source: Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales[14]
Climate data for Ibagué, Colombia (Perales Airport), elevation 928 m (3,045 ft), (1991–2020)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 34.4
(93.9) 		35.4
(95.7) 		34.4
(93.9) 		34.2
(93.6) 		35.9
(96.6) 		33.6
(92.5) 		35.0
(95.0) 		36.4
(97.5) 		36.0
(96.8) 		34.8
(94.6) 		31.9
(89.4) 		34.2
(93.6) 		36.4
(97.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 29.2
(84.6) 		29.5
(85.1) 		28.9
(84.0) 		28.6
(83.5) 		28.6
(83.5) 		29.2
(84.6) 		30.4
(86.7) 		31.6
(88.9) 		30.8
(87.4) 		28.9
(84.0) 		27.8
(82.0) 		28.4
(83.1) 		29.3
(84.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 23.9
(75.0) 		24.3
(75.7) 		24.0
(75.2) 		23.8
(74.8) 		23.8
(74.8) 		24.2
(75.6) 		24.7
(76.5) 		25.4
(77.7) 		24.9
(76.8) 		23.7
(74.7) 		23.1
(73.6) 		23.5
(74.3) 		24.1
(75.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 19.2
(66.6) 		19.5
(67.1) 		19.5
(67.1) 		19.4
(66.9) 		19.5
(67.1) 		19.2
(66.6) 		19.2
(66.6) 		19.5
(67.1) 		19.2
(66.6) 		19.1
(66.4) 		19.2
(66.6) 		19.2
(66.6) 		19.3
(66.7)
Record low °C (°F) 15.3
(59.5) 		15.2
(59.4) 		14.8
(58.6) 		15.6
(60.1) 		16.2
(61.2) 		15.2
(59.4) 		15.2
(59.4) 		10.6
(51.1) 		14.4
(57.9) 		16.0
(60.8) 		15.2
(59.4) 		15.4
(59.7) 		10.6
(51.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 86.0
(3.39) 		105.9
(4.17) 		160.3
(6.31) 		230.2
(9.06) 		220.7
(8.69) 		99.1
(3.90) 		67.4
(2.65) 		60.8
(2.39) 		124.7
(4.91) 		189.1
(7.44) 		173.1
(6.81) 		110.5
(4.35) 		1,627.7
(64.08)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) 8.8 9.9 13.3 15.5 14.9 8.5 6.9 5.7 10.3 14.4 14.1 11.1 133.5
Average relative humidity (%) 77 77 79 81 81 77 70 66 72 80 83 81 77
Mean monthly sunshine hours 179.8 144.0 139.5 138.0 155.0 168.0 192.2 195.3 180.0 158.1 141.0 164.3 1,955.2
Mean daily sunshine hours 5.8 5.1 4.5 4.6 5.0 5.6 6.2 6.3 6.0 5.1 4.7 5.3 5.4
Source: Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales (humidity, sun 1971-2010)[15][16][14][17]
Climate data for Ibagué (Perales Hato Opia), elevation 700 m (2,300 ft), (1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 30.4
(86.7) 		30.5
(86.9) 		30.1
(86.2) 		29.4
(84.9) 		29.2
(84.6) 		29.9
(85.8) 		31.1
(88.0) 		32.4
(90.3) 		31.1
(88.0) 		29.3
(84.7) 		28.9
(84.0) 		29.5
(85.1) 		30.2
(86.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) 25.3
(77.5) 		25.2
(77.4) 		25.1
(77.2) 		24.7
(76.5) 		24.8
(76.6) 		25.1
(77.2) 		25.7
(78.3) 		26.4
(79.5) 		25.8
(78.4) 		24.8
(76.6) 		24.4
(75.9) 		24.7
(76.5) 		25.2
(77.4)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 19.2
(66.6) 		19.7
(67.5) 		19.9
(67.8) 		19.9
(67.8) 		19.7
(67.5) 		19.6
(67.3) 		19.4
(66.9) 		19.6
(67.3) 		19.5
(67.1) 		19.5
(67.1) 		19.5
(67.1) 		19.5
(67.1) 		19.6
(67.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 63.0
(2.48) 		72.6
(2.86) 		115.1
(4.53) 		200.7
(7.90) 		212.9
(8.38) 		92.4
(3.64) 		62.5
(2.46) 		74.9
(2.95) 		152.9
(6.02) 		170.9
(6.73) 		125.7
(4.95) 		78.1
(3.07) 		1,421.6
(55.97)
Average precipitation days 8 9 11 16 16 10 8 7 12 16 13 10 136
Average relative humidity (%) 76 77 78 81 81 77 71 69 73 79 81 79 77
Mean monthly sunshine hours 182.9 146.8 142.6 135.0 158.1 171.0 195.3 198.4 174.0 158.1 144.0 170.5 1,976.7
Mean daily sunshine hours 5.9 5.2 4.6 4.5 5.1 5.7 6.3 6.4 5.8 5.1 4.8 5.5 5.4
Source: Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales[18]

Neighborhoods

[edit]
  • Picaleña
  • Combeima
  • Ricaurte
  • Kenedy
  • Jordan (I-IX etapa)
  • Sta Helena
  • Belen
  • Pueblo Nuevo
  • Galan
  • Sta Rita
  • Venecia
  • Ambala
  • Pedregal
  • Vergel
  • Martires
  • Estadio
  • La Francia
  • San Francisco
  • Claret
  • Hipodromo
  • Las Ferias

Notable people

[edit]

Sports

[edit]

The Colombian Football Association announced that Ibagué will be one of the venue cities to host the 2016 FIFA Futsal World Cup,[20] although in the end it was not designated as the venue for the sporting event.[21]

Ibague has one professional soccer team Deportes Tolima three times Liga BetPlay winner in 2003, 2018 and 2021. Club Deportes Tolima [22] was founded on 18 December 1954, under the leadership of Manuel Rubio Sánchez, who was in charge of registering the team with Dimayor for the sum of 10,000 pesos. In 1957, one of the most important men in the history of Deportes Tolima, Jorge Guzmán Molina, arrived, achieving the first sub-championship of the team.

Twin towns – sister cities

[edit]
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Colombia

Ibagué is twinned with:[23]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ City of Ibagué (Tolima) Archived 23 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine. Mycities.co. Retrieved 2 June 2014
  2. ^ a b c "Información capital" (PDF). dane.gov.co (in Spanish). Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 December 2019. Retrieved 29 December 2019.
  3. ^ "What are the departments of Colombia". colombiainfo.org. Archived from the original on 7 May 2016. Retrieved 23 March 2015.
  4. ^ "mapa de comunas de ibague" (PDF) (in Spanish). 2010.[permanent dead link‍]
  5. ^ "world trade center Colombia" (in Spanish). 2010. Archived from the original on 28 December 2014. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
  6. ^ colombianparadise (2010). "economía de ibague" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
  7. ^ El tiempo (2010). "ibague,ciudad de la confeccion" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
  8. ^ ibague es la segunda ciudad negociante del país (2010). "ibague seuna ciudad finanicera y de negocios del pais/web2/joomla/documentos/mapa_comunas.pdf" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 28 February 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
  9. ^ conservatorio de ibague (2010). "conservatorio de ibague" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 18 May 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
  10. ^ conservatorio del tolima (2010). "conservatorio del tolima" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 28 February 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
  11. ^ reinado nacional del folclor (2010). "reinado nacional del folclor" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 19 June 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
  12. ^ "Ingeominas" (in Spanish). Manizales, Colombia: Ingeominas. 1 August 2009. Archived from the original on 26 June 2007. Retrieved 13 August 2009.
  13. ^ "Mapa de amenaza del Cerro Machín" (in Spanish). Manizales, Colombia: Ingeominas. 9 December 2008. Archived from the original on 13 October 2008. Retrieved 13 August 2009.
  14. ^ a b "Promedios Climatológicos 1971–2000" (in Spanish). Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales. Retrieved 25 June 2024.[dead link‍] Cite error: The named reference "IDEAM3" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  15. ^ "Promedios Climatológicos 1991–2020" (in Spanish). Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales. Archived from the original on 6 June 2024. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
  16. ^ "Promedios Climatológicos 1981–2010" (in Spanish). Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 16 August 2016.
  17. ^ "Tiempo y Clima" (in Spanish). Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 16 August 2016.
  18. ^ "Promedios Climatológicos 1981–2010" (in Spanish). Instituto de Hidrologia Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales. Archived from the original on 15 August 2016. Retrieved 25 June 2024.
  19. ^ "Darío Ortiz abrió su 'Ventana al Mundo'" Archived 14 June 2018 at the Wayback Machine, El Espectador, 29 September 2008 (in Spanish).
  20. ^ "Copa Mundial de Futsal de la FIFA se jugará en Colombia en 2016". fcf.com.co/. 28 May 2013. Archived from the original on 3 December 2013.
  21. ^ "Cali, Medellín y Bucaramanga, sedes del Mundial de Futsal". 29 January 2016. Archived from the original on 7 April 2023. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
  22. ^ "Historia – Club Deportes Tolima" (in Spanish). 18 August 2020. Archived from the original on 13 July 2023. Retrieved 13 July 2023.
  23. ^ "Menu: International cooperation". ibaguecreativa.gov.co. Ibagué Creativa. Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
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