HMS Sans Pareil (1851): Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Ship of the line of the Royal Navy}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}} |
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{{Use British English|date=January 2017}} |
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|Ship image=The HMS 'Sans Pareil' in Besika Bay, 3 October 1853 (cropped).jpg |
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|Ship caption=HMS 'Sans Pareil' in [[Beşik Bay, Çanakkale|Besika Bay]], 3 October 1853 |
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{{Infobox |
{{Infobox ship career |
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|Ship country= |
|Ship country=United Kingdom |
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|Ship flag=[[ |
|Ship flag=[[File:Naval Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|60px|Royal Navy Ensign]] |
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|Ship name=HMS ''Sans Pareil'' |
|Ship name=HMS ''Sans Pareil'' |
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|Ship ordered=27 February 1843 (as 80-gun second rate) |
|Ship ordered=*27 February 1843 (as 80-gun second rate) |
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*18 May 1849 (as 70-gun screw propelled) |
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|Ship builder=[[HMNB Devonport|Devonport Dockyard]] |
|Ship builder=*[[HMNB Devonport|Devonport Dockyard]] |
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*Machinery by [[Boulton & Watt]] |
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|Ship laid down=1 September 1845 |
|Ship laid down=1 September 1845 |
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|Ship launched=18 March 1851 |
|Ship launched=18 March 1851 |
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|Ship captured= |
|Ship captured= |
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|Ship fate=Sold for breaking up, March 1867 |
|Ship fate=Sold for breaking up, March 1867 |
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|Ship status= |
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|Ship notes= |
|Ship notes= |
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}}{{Infobox ship characteristics |
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{{Infobox Ship Characteristics |
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|Header caption=as planned |
|Header caption=as planned |
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|Ship class=[[Second rate]] [[ship of the line]] |
|Ship class=[[Second rate]] [[ship of the line]] |
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|Ship tons burthen= |
|Ship tons burthen=2242 [[Builder's Old Measurement|bm]] |
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|Ship length={{convert|193|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} (overall) |
|Ship length={{convert|193|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} (overall) |
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|Ship beam={{convert|52|ft|1|in|m|1|abbr=on}} |
|Ship beam={{convert|52|ft|1|in|m|1|abbr=on}} |
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|Ship propulsion=Sails |
|Ship propulsion=Sails |
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|Ship complement=750 |
|Ship complement=750 |
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|Ship armament=80 guns |
|Ship armament=*80 guns |
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Lower deck: |
*Lower deck: |
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* 8 × 8in/68pdrs |
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* 20 × 32pdrs |
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Upper deck: |
*Upper deck: |
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* 4 × [[68-pounder 95 cwt|68 pdr guns]] |
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* 24 × 32pdrs |
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Quarter deck/Forecastle: |
*Quarter deck/Forecastle: |
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* 24 × 32pdr |
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|Ship notes |
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{{Infobox Ship Characteristics |
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|Header caption=as launched |
|Header caption=as launched |
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|Ship class=Screw propelled two decker |
|Ship class=Screw propelled two decker |
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|Ship displacement=3,800 tons |
|Ship displacement=3,800 tons |
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|Ship tons burthen= |
|Ship tons burthen=2339 [[Builder's Old Measurement|bm]] |
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|Ship length={{convert|200|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} (overall) |
|Ship length={{convert|200|ft|m|1|abbr=on}} (overall) |
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|Ship beam={{convert|52|ft|3|in|m|1|abbr=on}} |
|Ship beam={{convert|52|ft|3|in|m|1|abbr=on}} |
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|Ship draught={{convert|22|ft|8|in|m|1|abbr=on}} (forward) |
|Ship draught=*{{convert|22|ft|8|in|m|1|abbr=on}} (forward) |
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*{{convert|25|ft|8|in|m|1|abbr=on}} (aft) |
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|Ship hold depth={{convert|23|ft|7|in|m|abbr=on}} |
|Ship hold depth={{convert|23|ft|7|in|m|abbr=on}} |
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|Ship propulsion=Sails |
|Ship propulsion=*Sails |
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*4-cyl. (43½in diam., 3ft stroke) horizontal single expansion engine |
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*oscillating 500 nhp |
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*Single screw |
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*622 ihp = 7.05kts |
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|Ship complement=626 |
|Ship complement=626 |
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|Ship armament=70 guns |
|Ship armament=*70 guns |
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*Lower deck: |
*Lower deck: |
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**30 |
**30 × 32pdrs (56cwt) |
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*Upper deck: |
*Upper deck: |
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**6 |
**6 × 8in (52cwt) |
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**24 |
**24 × 32pdrs (45cwt) |
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*Quarter deck/Forecastle: |
*Quarter deck/Forecastle: |
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**2 |
**2 × 32pdr (56cwt) |
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**8 |
**8 × 32pdr (25cwt) |
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|Ship notes= |
|Ship notes= |
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'''HMS ''Sans Pareil''''' was a 70-gun screw propelled [[ship of the line]] of the [[Royal Navy]]. |
'''HMS ''Sans Pareil''''' was a 70-gun screw propelled [[ship of the line]] of the [[Royal Navy]]. |
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==Planning and construction== |
==Planning and construction== |
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''Sans Pareil'' was initially designed as an 80-gun [[second rate]], to the lines of the earlier [[HMS Sans Pareil (1794)|HMS ''Sans Pareil'']], a French prize captured in 1794.<ref name="Winfield2">{{cite book |last=Lyon & Winfield |title=The Sail and Steam Navy List |pages= |
''Sans Pareil'' was initially designed as an 80-gun [[second rate]], to the lines of the earlier [[HMS Sans Pareil (1794)|HMS ''Sans Pareil'']], a French prize captured in 1794.<ref name="Winfield2">{{cite book |last=Lyon & Winfield |title=The Sail and Steam Navy List |pages=114}}</ref> She was ordered on 27 February 1843 and laid down on 1 September 1845 at [[HMNB Devonport|Devonport Dockyard]]. The rapid development of naval technology during this period led to fears that she would be obsolete before she could be launched, and work was suspended on 2 October 1848.<ref name="Winfield2"/> A new design was drawn up utilising steam power, which was approved on 18 May 1849, and the conversion was duly carried out. She was eventually launched on 18 March 1851, having cost a total of £126,432 to build, with the machinery costing another £30,888.<ref name="Winfield2"/> The conversion had lengthened her by {{convert|7|ft|m|1|abbr=on}}, while the extra weight of the machinery necessitated a reduction in the number of guns, from 80 to 70.<ref name="Winfield2"/> |
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==Career== |
==Career== |
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''Sans Pareil'' was commissioned at [[Plymouth]] on 12 November 1852, under the command of [[Sydney Dacres]].<ref name="Loney">{{cite web |last=Loney |url=http://www.pdavis.nl/ShowShip.php?id=39 |title= mid-Victorian RN vessels - Sans Pareil}}</ref> She was initially at [[Lisbon]], but by 1853 was serving with the [[Channel Fleet]]. The outbreak of the [[Crimean War]] led to her being reassigned to the [[Black Sea]], |
''Sans Pareil'' was commissioned at [[Plymouth]] on 12 November 1852, under the command of [[Sydney Dacres]].<ref name="Loney">{{cite web |last=Loney |url=http://www.pdavis.nl/ShowShip.php?id=39 |title= mid-Victorian RN vessels - Sans Pareil}}</ref> She was initially at [[Lisbon]], but by 1853 was serving with the [[Channel Fleet]]. [[File:Giuseppe Schranz - The Gathering of the Fleets.jpg|thumb|''Britannia'' and the Allied Fleets anchored in the [[Bosporus|Bosphorus]], late 1853; the prelude to the Crimean war. Giuseppe Schranz]]The outbreak of the [[Crimean War]] led to her being reassigned to the [[Black Sea]].<ref name="Loney"/> On [[Great Storm of 1854|14 November 1854]] she was driven ashore at [[Balaklava]], [[Russian Empire|Russia]].<ref name=Times301154>{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=(untitled) |date=30 November 1854 |page=6 |issue=21912 }}</ref><ref name=Times051254>{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=The Storm in the Black Sea |date=5 December 1854 |page=7 |issue=21816 |column=A-F }}</ref> on 22 November, ''Sans Pareil'' came under the command of Acting Captain [[Leopold Heath]].<ref name="Loney"/> He commanded her until February 1855, when Captain Woodford John Williams took over. In September 1855 ''Sans Pareil'' was used to transport mortars to the [[Baltic Sea|Baltic]]. Captain [[Astley Cooper Key]] took over on 9 January 1856, and was placed in charge of a division of [[gunboat]]s.<ref name="Loney"/> After the end of the war ''Sans Pareil'' was used to return troops from the [[Crimea]], and by March 1857, had been sent to the Far East. Key and the ''Sans Pareil'' were present in China during the [[Second Opium War]], with Key commanding the naval brigade at the capture of [[Guangzhou|Canton]] on 28 December 1857.<ref name="Loney"/> Key was invalided back to Britain in April, and was replaced by Captain Julian Foulston Slight.<ref>For more on Captain Julian Foulston Slight see: {{Cite NBD1849 |wstitle=Slight, Julian Foulston}}</ref> He was in turn replaced by Captain [[Rochfort Maguire]], who remained in command until her return to Plymouth at the end of 1859.<ref name="Loney"/> |
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''Sans Pareil'' was recommissioned on 5 June 1862 under the command of Captain Arthur Parry Eardley-Wilmot, replacing [[HMS Nile (1839)|HMS ''Nile'']] as the [[Cobh|Queenstown]] [[guardship]].<ref name="Loney"/> In November 1861 she was used to transport troops to [[Mexico]], along with [[HMS Donegal (1858)|HMS ''Donegal'']] and [[HMS Conqueror (1855)|HMS ''Conqueror'']]. Her final captain was George Le Geyt Bowyear, and ''Sans Pareil'' spent 1863 conveying [[Royal Marines|marines]] to China, and returning invalids home.<ref name="Loney"/> |
''Sans Pareil'' was recommissioned on 5 June 1862 under the command of Captain Arthur Parry Eardley-Wilmot,<ref>For more on Arthur Parry Eardley-Wilmot see: {{Cite NBD1849 |wstitle=Eardley-Wilmot, Arthur Parry}}</ref> replacing [[HMS Nile (1839)|HMS ''Nile'']] as the [[Cobh|Queenstown]] [[guardship]].<ref name="Loney"/> In November 1861 she was used to transport troops to [[Mexico]], along with [[HMS Donegal (1858)|HMS ''Donegal'']] and [[HMS Conqueror (1855)|HMS ''Conqueror'']]. Her final captain was George Le Geyt Bowyear,<ref>For more on George Le Geyt Bowyear see: {{Cite NBD1849 |wstitle=Bowyear, George Le Gey}}</ref> and ''Sans Pareil'' spent 1863 conveying [[Royal Marines|marines]] to China, and returning invalids home.<ref name="Loney"/> |
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''Sans Pareil'' was reduced to 66 guns in 1866 and was sold to C. Marshall in March 1867. She was broken up at Plymouth.<ref name="Winfield2"/> |
''Sans Pareil'' was reduced to 66 guns in 1866 and was sold to C. Marshall in March 1867. She was broken up at Plymouth.<ref name="Winfield2"/> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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*{{ |
* {{Cite Colledge2006}} |
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* Lyon, David and Winfield, Rif, The Sail and Steam Navy List, All the Ships of the Royal Navy |
* Lyon, David and Winfield, Rif, The Sail and Steam Navy List, All the Ships of the Royal Navy 1815–1889, pub Chatham, 2004, {{ISBN|1-86176-032-9}} |
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*[http://www.pdavis.nl/ShowShip.php?id=39 Sans Pareil's career] |
* [http://www.pdavis.nl/ShowShip.php?id=39 Sans Pareil's career] |
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==External links== |
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* {{Commons category-inline|HMS Sans Pareil (ship, 1851)}} |
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{{1854 shipwrecks}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Sans Pareil}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sans Pareil}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Ships of the line of the Royal Navy]] |
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[[Category:1851 ships]] |
[[Category:1851 ships]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Crimean War naval ships of the United Kingdom]] |
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[[Category:Maritime incidents in November 1854]] |
Latest revision as of 17:36, 24 October 2024
HMS 'Sans Pareil' in Besika Bay, 3 October 1853
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History | |
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United Kingdom | |
Name | HMS Sans Pareil |
Ordered |
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Builder |
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Laid down | 1 September 1845 |
Launched | 18 March 1851 |
Commissioned | 12 November 1852 |
Reclassified | Reduced to 66-guns in 1866 |
Fate | Sold for breaking up, March 1867 |
General characteristics as planned | |
Class and type | Second rate ship of the line |
Tons burthen | 2242 bm |
Length | 193 ft (58.8 m) (overall) |
Beam | 52 ft 1 in (15.9 m) |
Draught | 22 ft 8 in (6.9 m) |
Propulsion | Sails |
Complement | 750 |
Armament |
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General characteristics as launched | |
Class and type | Screw propelled two decker |
Displacement | 3,800 tons |
Tons burthen | 2339 bm |
Length | 200 ft (61.0 m) (overall) |
Beam | 52 ft 3 in (15.9 m) |
Draught |
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Depth of hold | 23 ft 7 in (7.19 m) |
Propulsion |
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Complement | 626 |
Armament |
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HMS Sans Pareil was a 70-gun screw propelled ship of the line of the Royal Navy.
Planning and construction
[edit]Sans Pareil was initially designed as an 80-gun second rate, to the lines of the earlier HMS Sans Pareil, a French prize captured in 1794.[1] She was ordered on 27 February 1843 and laid down on 1 September 1845 at Devonport Dockyard. The rapid development of naval technology during this period led to fears that she would be obsolete before she could be launched, and work was suspended on 2 October 1848.[1] A new design was drawn up utilising steam power, which was approved on 18 May 1849, and the conversion was duly carried out. She was eventually launched on 18 March 1851, having cost a total of £126,432 to build, with the machinery costing another £30,888.[1] The conversion had lengthened her by 7 ft (2.1 m), while the extra weight of the machinery necessitated a reduction in the number of guns, from 80 to 70.[1]
Career
[edit]Sans Pareil was commissioned at Plymouth on 12 November 1852, under the command of Sydney Dacres.[2] She was initially at Lisbon, but by 1853 was serving with the Channel Fleet.
The outbreak of the Crimean War led to her being reassigned to the Black Sea.[2] On 14 November 1854 she was driven ashore at Balaklava, Russia.[3][4] on 22 November, Sans Pareil came under the command of Acting Captain Leopold Heath.[2] He commanded her until February 1855, when Captain Woodford John Williams took over. In September 1855 Sans Pareil was used to transport mortars to the Baltic. Captain Astley Cooper Key took over on 9 January 1856, and was placed in charge of a division of gunboats.[2] After the end of the war Sans Pareil was used to return troops from the Crimea, and by March 1857, had been sent to the Far East. Key and the Sans Pareil were present in China during the Second Opium War, with Key commanding the naval brigade at the capture of Canton on 28 December 1857.[2] Key was invalided back to Britain in April, and was replaced by Captain Julian Foulston Slight.[5] He was in turn replaced by Captain Rochfort Maguire, who remained in command until her return to Plymouth at the end of 1859.[2]
Sans Pareil was recommissioned on 5 June 1862 under the command of Captain Arthur Parry Eardley-Wilmot,[6] replacing HMS Nile as the Queenstown guardship.[2] In November 1861 she was used to transport troops to Mexico, along with HMS Donegal and HMS Conqueror. Her final captain was George Le Geyt Bowyear,[7] and Sans Pareil spent 1863 conveying marines to China, and returning invalids home.[2]
Sans Pareil was reduced to 66 guns in 1866 and was sold to C. Marshall in March 1867. She was broken up at Plymouth.[1]
Notes
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Lyon & Winfield. The Sail and Steam Navy List. p. 114.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Loney. "mid-Victorian RN vessels - Sans Pareil".
- ^ "(untitled)". The Times. No. 21912. London. 30 November 1854. p. 6.
- ^ "The Storm in the Black Sea". The Times. No. 21816. London. 5 December 1854. col A-F, p. 7.
- ^ For more on Captain Julian Foulston Slight see: O'Byrne, William R. (1849). . A Naval Biographical Dictionary. London: John Murray.
- ^ For more on Arthur Parry Eardley-Wilmot see: O'Byrne, William R. (1849). . A Naval Biographical Dictionary. London: John Murray.
- ^ For more on George Le Geyt Bowyear see: O'Byrne, William R. (1849). . A Naval Biographical Dictionary. London: John Murray.
References
[edit]- Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
- Lyon, David and Winfield, Rif, The Sail and Steam Navy List, All the Ships of the Royal Navy 1815–1889, pub Chatham, 2004, ISBN 1-86176-032-9
- Sans Pareil's career
External links
[edit]- Media related to HMS Sans Pareil (ship, 1851) at Wikimedia Commons