Ang Eng: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile web edit |
|||
| (13 intermediate revisions by 7 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{short description|Cambodian King}} |
|||
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2016}} |
|||
{{Infobox royalty |
{{Infobox royalty |
||
|name = Ang Eng<br />Neareay Reachea III |
|||
| name = Reamea Thipadei III <br>{{lang|km|រាមាធិបតីទី៣}} |
|||
|image = |
|||
| image = [[File:Royal Standard of Cambodia (Pre-1993).svg|250px]] |
|||
| |
|image_size = |
||
| |
|caption = |
||
| |
|succession = [[List of kings of Cambodia|King of Cambodia]] |
||
| |
|reign = 1779–1782 |
||
|reign-type = First reign |
|||
| |
|coronation = 1793 |
||
| ⚫ | |||
| |
|predecessor = [[Ang Non II]] |
||
|successor = ''Interregnum'' {{small|([[Chaophraya Aphaiphubet (Baen)|Talaha Pen]] as regent)}} |
|||
| full name = Preah Bath Samdach Preah Reach Angkar Preah Ream Reachea Thipadei |
|||
| |
|reign1 = 1794 – 5 May 1796 |
||
|reign-type1 = Second reign |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
|coronation1 = 28 May 1794{{cn|date=June 2020}} |
|||
| house = [[List of monarchs of Cambodia]] |
|||
|predecessor1 = ''Interregnum'' {{small|([[Chaophraya Aphaiphubet (Baen)|Talaha Pen]] as regent)}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
|successor1 = ''Interregnum'' {{small|([[Talaha (Pok)|Talaha Pok]] as regent in 1796–1806)}}<br>[[Ang Chan II]] (from 1806) |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
|spouse = |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
|house = |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
|mother = |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| birth_date = 1773 |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
}} |
}} |
||
'''Ang Eng'''{{efn|In Vietnamese record, he was called Nặc Ấn (匿印).}} ({{langx|km|អង្គអេង}} {{IPA-km|ʔɑŋ ʔeːŋ|}}; 1773 – 5 May 1796) was King of Cambodia from 1779 to his death in 1796. He reigned under the name of '''Neareay Reachea III''' ({{langx|km|នារាយណ៍រាជាទី៣|link=no}}). |
|||
Ang Eng was a son of [[Outey II]]. He was installed the Cambodian king by Prince [[Talaha (Mu)]] ({{langx|km|ចៅហ្វ៊ាមូ}}, {{langx|th|เจ้าฟ้าทะละหะ (มู)}}) in 1780. Prince Talaha (Mu) acted as regent, and was pro-[[Vietnam]]ese. Talaha rebelled against [[Siam]], [[Taksin]] decided on an invasion of Cambodia. A Siamese army under Somdej Chao Phraya Maha Kasatsuek was dispatched to Cambodia, to crown [[Inthraphithak]] as the new king of Cambodia. However, a coup occurred in the same year. Maha Kasatsuek and [[Maha Sura Singhanat|Maha Surasi]] marched back to Siam. Later, Maha Kasatsuek was crowned as the new Siamese monarch and became King [[Rama I]]. |
|||
'''Reamea Thipadei III''' or '''Ang Eng''' ({{lang-km|រាមាធិបតីទី៣}}), ឬ ({{lang-km|អង្គអេង}}) was the Cambodian king ruled from 1779 to 1796. After the official coronation ceremony in [[Oudong]] in 2323 BE, 1779 AD, Maha Sakarach 1702, His full name was called '''"Preah Bath Samdach Preah Reach Angkar Preah Ream Reachea Thipadei"''' He was the son of King [[Chey Chestha IV]], who fled to the [[Siam]] kingdom during the reign of King [[Outey Reachea III]], who staged a military coup to assassinate King Noreay Reachea I in Oudong. Reamea Thipadei Ang Eng, ascended the throne at the age of 25, with the support of General "Chao Fa Mo", of the army officer.<ref> Manomohan Ghosh (1968) [https://books.google.com.kh/books?id=e7huAAAAMAAJ&source=gbs_slider_cls_metadata_9_mylibrary&redir_esc=y A History of Cambodia: From the Earliest Times to the End of the French Protectorate], Publisher: Calcutta Oriental Book Agency, Original from the University of Michigan p.304 </ref> |
|||
[[File:1780_Raynal_and_Bonne_Map_of_Southeast_Asia_and_the_Philippines_-_Geographicus_-_Philippines-bonne-1780.jpg|thumb|200px|left|1780 Map of Cambodia and Southeast Asia.]] |
|||
In 1782, the [[Tây Sơn dynasty]] of Vietnam attacked [[Ho Chi Minh City|Gia Định]] and defeated the [[Nguyễn lord]]. The Vietnamese lost their control of Cambodia. [[Chaophraya Aphaiphubet (Baen)|Phraya Yommarat (Baen)]] and Phraya Kalahom (Su) captured Oudong and had Mu executed. Later, Baen killed Su and became the new regent. [[Chams|Cham]] rebels attacked [[Phnom Penh]],<ref name="เขมรรบไทย">ศานติ ภักดีคำ. เขมรรบไทย. กทม. มติชน. 2554. หน้า 272</ref> and Ang Eng had to flee to Siam. Rama I had him captured and deported to Bangkok, where Rama I adopted him as his son. During the king's absence, Baen was promoted to Chaophraya Aphaiphubet, and was appointed the regent of Cambodia and thereby worked for Siam. |
|||
== Siam invaded Cambodia, 1784 AD == |
|||
Ang Eng was installed as the king by the Siamese and sent back to [[Oudong]]. The Cambodian court split into two factions, as one supported Ang Eng and the other supported Baen. In order to prevent civil war in Cambodia, Rama I ordered Baen to leave Oudong. [[Battambang]] and [[Siem Reap]] were separated from Cambodia and ceded to Siam and Baen was appointed the governor of these provinces. |
|||
* Siamese tricks in forming alliances with Cambodia |
|||
Ang Eng died in 1796, his son [[Ang Chan II]] succeeded the throne. |
|||
In 1784, a new Siamese king, [[Rama I|Phra Phuthiyotfa]], who assassinated [[Phya Taksin]] in 1782 and ascended the throne, sent 60,000 troops invaded Cambodia. The Siamese army was divided into three divisions, with 20,000 divisions led by general Chau Noy attack Oudong city across from [[Pursat province]], second army led by Chakri Tep entering [[Siem Reap]], the 3rd Division, led by Duke Veang Sous, from the Lao border to Kampong Svay (present: [[Preah Vihear Province]]). Chao Fa Mo, who served as both viceroy and minister of defense, mobilized his troops and devised a strong strategy to defend the capital of [[Oudong]], and sent King Ang Eng to hide in Phnom Penh fortress. War broke out for 10 days, The Siamese side stopped fighting and withdrew the three divisions and sent its envoys to negotiate peace with Cambodia, promising to send Ang Eng's son back to Cambodia. Unaware of the bloodshed, Chao Fa Mo agreed to the Siamese king's request to form an alliance. The reason for the Siamese withdrawal from Cambodia was because [[Burma]] had raised troops to conquer the northern provinces of Siam, and Burma was preparing a large army to invade the Siam kingdom.<ref> Société Asiatique (1872) [https://www.google.com.kh/books/edition/Journal_asiatique/YbtUAAAAcAAJ?hl=en&gl=KH&kptab=publisherseries Journal asiatique ou recueil de mémoires d'extraits et de notices relatifs à l'histoire, à la philosophie, aux sciences, à la littérature et aux langues des peuples orientaux · Volume 20], Publisher: Soc. Original from:the Bavarian State Library </ref> |
|||
==Issue== |
|||
== Events of the Burma-Siam War 1785-1786 == |
|||
Princess Moneang Aut |
|||
In 1785, Burma raised 200,000 troops to invade the Siam kingdom. The Siamese king Yotfa, nicknamed "[[Rama I]]", sent Chao Fa Bien, an army officer, to bring Ang Eng's son of [[Ang Chan II|Ang Chan]] back to Cambodia and to ask Cambodia to help fight the Siamese army threatened by the Burmese army. Pursuant to the Treaty of the Siam-Cambodia Alliance, Chao Fa Mo ordered the mobilization of tens of thousands of Cambodians to join the Siamese army to help fight the Burmese army. Mobilized many women in various provinces to thresh rice and continue to provide food to the Siamese army, With the support of the Cambodia side, the Siam side finally won the war of aggression against Burma in 1786 AD.<ref> Jeremy Black (2008) [https://www.google.com.kh/books/edition/War_and_the_World/xpI_YYtvlCAC?hl=en War and the World Military Power and the Fate of Continents, 1450-2000], Publisher: Yale University Press p.344 [[ISBN]]: 9780300147698, 0300147694 </ref> |
|||
* [[Ang Chan II|Ang Chan]] |
|||
* [[Ang Snguon (prince)|Ang Snguon]] |
|||
== Annam return two provinces back to Cambodia 1791 AD == |
|||
Princess Moneang Ke |
|||
* Ang Phim |
|||
In 1789 Annamese king [[Gia Long|Nguyen Ánh]] request to Cambodia for the help defeat the [[Tay Son]] movement at [[Saigon]] city, agreeing to cut back the islands and two provinces to return to Cambodia if Annam gets it Success. At that time, Chao Fa Mo agreed to send his younger brother, Duke Techo Ten, to lead 10,000 Khmer troops to fight to defeat the Tay Son movement, with the Khmer army to help fight the Annamites and defeat the Tay Son. King Annam also agreed to return two provinces to Cambodia were [[Kien Giang]], [[Ca Mau]], and two other islands, Koh Tralach ([[Côn Đảo]]) and Koh Tral ([[Phú Quốc]]) in 1791 AD.<ref> Centre national de la recherche scientifique (France) (1872) [https://www.google.com.kh/books/edition/Journal_asiatique/6-WNc19MHuIC?hl=en Journal asiatique], Publisher: Société asiatique. Original from the University of Michigan p.113 </ref> |
|||
Princess Moneang Ros |
|||
* [[Ang Em (prince)|Ang Em]] |
|||
* Koh Tral or [[Phú Quốc]] island of Cambodia lost to Vietnam 1979. |
|||
* [[Ang Duong]] |
|||
== Assassination of the Minister of Defense == |
|||
Chao Fa Mo holds the rank of viceroy and also serves as Minister of Defense, overseeing the affairs of the kingdom and assisting King Ang Eng. The Siamese king, seeing that Chao Fa Mo was the backbone, prevented Siam from interfering in the affairs of the Cambodia kingdom, so the Siamese king sent two officials, Duke Vang Sous and Chao Fa Bien, to find a tactic to defeat Chao Fa Mo. Duke Vang Sous and Chao Fa Bien organized a party near the Oudong Palace, inviting Chao Fa Mo to join him. During drinking in partying, Chao Fa Bien sent his secret forces to assassinate Chao Fa Mo in 1792 AD. After Chao Fa Bien, a Siamese spy officer, assassinated Chao Fa Mo, the Minister of National Defense of Cambodia, they deployed fraudulent forces as guards at the Royal Palace. At that time, Duke Kralahom Aok, the Minister of Interior, sent a spy team to find out that Chao Fa Bien was plotting to take over Cambodia's internal affairs. He sent a message to Techo Ten, the younger brother of Chao Fa Mo, urgently sending troops from Kampong Svay District (now: [[Kampong Thom Province]]) to fight defeated Chao Fa Bien in Oudong city. Chao Fa Bien, realizing that he had lost the battle, and capture Ang Eng fled to [[Thon Buri]] ([[Bangkok]]) in 1792 AD.<ref> Ernest Doudart de Lagrée (1883) [https://books.google.com.kh/books?id=FCfMFx9kYvkC&dq=Explorations+et+missions+Cambodge+By+Ernest+Doudart+de+Lagrée,+A.+B.&source=gbs_navlinks_s Explorations et missions: Cambodge], Editor: A. B. de Villemereuil, Publisher: Lyon Public Library p.684 </ref> |
|||
== Cambodian-Siamese War 1794 == |
|||
* Siam illegally occupies Battambang, Siem Reap |
|||
After general Siam Chao Fa Bien assassinated Chao Fa Mo and captured Ang Eng taken to [[Thon Buri]], In 1794, the Siamese king sent troops to invade Cambodia again. Siam raised 14,000 troops. Invaded Cambodia in [[Battambang]] province, At that time, Techo Ten of Cambodia general led 17,000 troops into battle with the Siamese army and was victorious. The Siamese king, knowing that even though Cambodia had no king and the Cambodian king had become hostage, the Cambodian officials were still fighting to defend the territory. The Siamese king held a coronation ceremony for Ang Eng in [[Thon Buri]] (now: [[Bangkok]]) and ordered Chakri Ben to raise 70,000 troops to invade Cambodia again. Siam accusing Techo Ten of betraying the throne from King Ang Eng, the Siamese recognized only King Ang Eng as the legitimate King of Cambodia as the King in exile. Techo Ten, with only 40,000 troops, fought with the Siamese army for three months, he lost to Chakri Ben and lost his life in the war. The Siamese army illegally occupied [[Battambang]] and [[Siem Reap]] provinces because the Siamese had already signed a treaty of alliance with Cambodia to demarcate the border with Chao Fa Mo, the Cambodian Minister of Defense in 1784 AD.<ref> D. J. M. Tate (1971) [https://books.google.com.kh/books?id=46EcAAAAMAAJ&num=9&redir_esc=y The Making of Modern South-East Asia: The European conquest], Publisher: Oxford University Press, Original from the University of Michigan p.25 </ref> |
|||
== Death of Reamea Thipadei III == |
|||
Chakri Ben, who led the Siamese army to defeat Techo Ten in Battambang province, was appointed by the Siamese king as the governor of the whole [[Battambang]] province, in 1795 AD, And general Krala Hom Pok was placed to rule [[Siem Reap]] province. |
|||
== Notes == |
== Notes == |
||
| Line 59: | Line 58: | ||
== Sources == |
== Sources == |
||
{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
||
* [[Achille Dauphin-Meunier]] ''Histoire du Cambodge'' [[Que sais-je ?]] N° 916, P.U.F Paris 1968. |
|||
* Anthony Stokvis, ''Manuel d'histoire, de généalogie et de chronologie de tous les États du globe, depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu'à nos jours'', préf. H. F. Wijnman, Israël, 1966, Chapitre XIV §.9 "Kambodge" Listes et tableau généalogique n°34 p. 337–338. |
|||
* Peter Truhart, ''Regents of Nations'', K.G Saur Munich, 1984–1988, {{ISBN|359810491X}}, Art. " Kampuchea ", p. 1732. |
|||
* Khin Sok "Quelques documents khmers relatifs aux relations entre le Cambodge et l'Annam en 1843". Dans : [[Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient]]. Tome 74, 1985. p. 403–421. |
|||
{{S-start}} |
{{S-start}} |
||
Latest revision as of 22:13, 24 October 2024
| Ang Eng Neareay Reachea III | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| King of Cambodia | |||||
| First reign | 1779–1782 | ||||
| Coronation | 1793 | ||||
| Predecessor | Ang Non II | ||||
| Successor | Interregnum (Talaha Pen as regent) | ||||
| Second reign | 1794 – 5 May 1796 | ||||
| Coronation | 28 May 1794[citation needed] | ||||
| Predecessor | Interregnum (Talaha Pen as regent) | ||||
| Successor | Interregnum (Talaha Pok as regent in 1796–1806) Ang Chan II (from 1806) | ||||
| Born | 1773 | ||||
| Died | 5 May 1796 (aged 22–23) Oudong, Cambodia | ||||
| Issue | Ang Chan Ang Bhim Ang Snguon Ang Em Ang Duong | ||||
| |||||
| Father | Outey II | ||||
| Religion | Buddhism | ||||
Ang Eng[a] (Khmer: អង្គអេង [ʔɑŋ ʔeːŋ]; 1773 – 5 May 1796) was King of Cambodia from 1779 to his death in 1796. He reigned under the name of Neareay Reachea III (Khmer: នារាយណ៍រាជាទី៣).
Ang Eng was a son of Outey II. He was installed the Cambodian king by Prince Talaha (Mu) (Khmer: ចៅហ្វ៊ាមូ, Thai: เจ้าฟ้าทะละหะ (มู)) in 1780. Prince Talaha (Mu) acted as regent, and was pro-Vietnamese. Talaha rebelled against Siam, Taksin decided on an invasion of Cambodia. A Siamese army under Somdej Chao Phraya Maha Kasatsuek was dispatched to Cambodia, to crown Inthraphithak as the new king of Cambodia. However, a coup occurred in the same year. Maha Kasatsuek and Maha Surasi marched back to Siam. Later, Maha Kasatsuek was crowned as the new Siamese monarch and became King Rama I.
In 1782, the Tây Sơn dynasty of Vietnam attacked Gia Định and defeated the Nguyễn lord. The Vietnamese lost their control of Cambodia. Phraya Yommarat (Baen) and Phraya Kalahom (Su) captured Oudong and had Mu executed. Later, Baen killed Su and became the new regent. Cham rebels attacked Phnom Penh,[1] and Ang Eng had to flee to Siam. Rama I had him captured and deported to Bangkok, where Rama I adopted him as his son. During the king's absence, Baen was promoted to Chaophraya Aphaiphubet, and was appointed the regent of Cambodia and thereby worked for Siam.
Ang Eng was installed as the king by the Siamese and sent back to Oudong. The Cambodian court split into two factions, as one supported Ang Eng and the other supported Baen. In order to prevent civil war in Cambodia, Rama I ordered Baen to leave Oudong. Battambang and Siem Reap were separated from Cambodia and ceded to Siam and Baen was appointed the governor of these provinces.
Ang Eng died in 1796, his son Ang Chan II succeeded the throne.
Issue
[edit]Princess Moneang Aut
Princess Moneang Ke
- Ang Phim
Princess Moneang Ros
Notes
[edit]- ^ In Vietnamese record, he was called Nặc Ấn (匿印).
Sources
[edit]- ^ ศานติ ภักดีคำ. เขมรรบไทย. กทม. มติชน. 2554. หน้า 272
- Achille Dauphin-Meunier Histoire du Cambodge Que sais-je ? N° 916, P.U.F Paris 1968.
- Anthony Stokvis, Manuel d'histoire, de généalogie et de chronologie de tous les États du globe, depuis les temps les plus reculés jusqu'à nos jours, préf. H. F. Wijnman, Israël, 1966, Chapitre XIV §.9 "Kambodge" Listes et tableau généalogique n°34 p. 337–338.
- Peter Truhart, Regents of Nations, K.G Saur Munich, 1984–1988, ISBN 359810491X, Art. " Kampuchea ", p. 1732.
- Khin Sok "Quelques documents khmers relatifs aux relations entre le Cambodge et l'Annam en 1843". Dans : Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient. Tome 74, 1985. p. 403–421.