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'''Higher Attestation Commission''' ({{lang-ru|Высшая аттестационная комиссия}}, {{lang-uk|Вища атестаційна комісія}}, abbreviated cyrillic: '''ВАК''', latin: '''VAK''') is a name of a national government agency in [[Russia]], [[Ukraine]] and some other [[post-Soviet states]] that oversees awarding of advanced academic degrees. Due to translation differences, these committees are sometimes translated as the "State Supreme Certification Commission" or other similar variation; the common Cyrillic-based acronym of VAK remains a constant with all versions.
'''Higher Attestation Commission''' ({{langx|ru|Высшая аттестационная комиссия}}, {{langx|uk|Вища атестаційна комісія}}, abbreviated Cyrillic: '''ВАК''', Latin: '''VAK''') is a name of a national government agency in [[Russia]], [[Ukraine]] and some other [[post-Soviet states]] that oversees awarding of advanced academic degrees. Due to translation differences, these committees are sometimes translated as the "State Supreme Certification Commission" or other similar variation; the common Cyrillic-based acronym of VAK remains a constant with all versions.


A commission of a similar kind ({{lang-bg|[[:bg:Висша атестационна комисия|Висша атестационна комисия]]}}) is operating in [[Bulgaria]].
A commission of a similar kind ({{langx|bg|[[:bg:Висша атестационна комисия|Висша атестационна комисия]]}}) operated in [[Bulgaria]] until 2010, when it was abolished as part of a reorganisation of academic structures.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.minedu.government.bg/opencms/export/sites/mon/left_menu/documents/law/zkn_acad_satav.pdf |title=Закон за развитието на академичния състав в Република България |access-date=2012-08-02 |archive-date=2010-11-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101121214451/http://www.minedu.government.bg/opencms/export/sites/mon/left_menu/documents/law/zkn_acad_satav.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>


On December 9, 2010, the Higher Education Commission of Ukraine was merged into the [[Ministry of Education and Science, Youth and Sport of Ukraine]].<ref>[http://www.president.gov.ua/documents/12584.html Указ Президента України №&nbsp;1085 від 9 грудня 2010 року «Про оптимізацію системи центральних органів виконавчої влади»]</ref>
On December 9, 2010, the Higher Education Commission of Ukraine was merged into the [[Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine]].<ref>[http://www.president.gov.ua/documents/12584.html Указ Президента України №&nbsp;1085 від 9 грудня 2010 року «Про оптимізацію системи центральних органів виконавчої влади»] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120210130131/http://www.president.gov.ua/documents/12584.html |date=2012-02-10 }}</ref>


==Russia and the former Soviet Union==
==Russia and the former Soviet Union==
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* coordinating Dissertation Councils in Russian universities and research institutes;
* coordinating Dissertation Councils in Russian universities and research institutes;
* promulgating regulations concerning awarding of academic degrees;
* promulgating regulations concerning awarding of academic degrees;
* awarding the degrees of [[Kandidat|Candidate of Science]] and [[Doctor of Science]], upon the recommendation of the Dissertation Council in the university or research institute where the defense of the dissertation took place;
* awarding the degrees of [[Candidate of Sciences]] and [[Doctor of Sciences]], upon the recommendation of the Dissertation Council in the university or research institute where the defense of the dissertation took place;
* awarding the academic rank of [[Professor]];
* awarding the academic rank of [[Professor]];
* making decisions on equivalence of foreign degrees awarded to Russian citizens.
* making decisions on equivalence of foreign degrees awarded to Russian citizens.

Since 2016-2019, some (29, as of June 2020<ref name="samostpris">{{cite web |url= https://rg.ru/2020/06/02/ran-predlagaet-ogranichit-spisok-organizacij-prisuzhdaiushchih-uchenye-stepeni.html |title= РАН предлагает ограничить список организаций, присуждающих ученые степени |trans-title= [[Russian Academy of Sciences]] advices to restrict the list of degree-awarding organizations |publisher= [[Rossiyskaya Gazeta]] |date= 2020-06-02 |access-date= 2020-06-04 }}</ref>) top-level educational and scientific establishments in Russia, e.g. [[Moscow State University]], were granted the right to award degrees independently, i.e. without a control, of the VAK; there are voices against extension of this option.<ref name="samostpris"/>


The Higher Attestation Commissions in other nations have similar responsibilities.
The Higher Attestation Commissions in other nations have similar responsibilities.


==Fields of study==
==Fields of study==
Scientific degrees awarded VAK were classified into an established list of specialties, grouped into the following major sections<ref>[http://db.informika.ru/cgi-bin/vak/q1.plx Разделы перечня научных специальностей<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
Scientific degrees awarded VAK were classified into an established list of specialties, grouped into the following major sections<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://vak.ed.gov.ru/316 |title=Паспорта научных специальностей | language=ru | trans-title=Passports of scientific specialties |access-date=2016-05-19 |archive-date=2016-09-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160918095114/http://vak.ed.gov.ru/316 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
{|class=wikitable
{|class=wikitable
!Code!!Field!!rowspan=9| !!Code!!Field!!rowspan=9| !!Code!!Field
!Code!!Field!!rowspan=9| !!Code!!Field!!rowspan=9| !!Code!!Field
Line 38: Line 40:
|22.00.00||[[Sociology]]
|22.00.00||[[Sociology]]
|-
|-
|05.00.00||[[Technical Sciences]]
|05.00.00||[[Engineering|Technical science]]
|13.00.00||[[Education]]
|13.00.00||[[Education]]
|23.00.00||[[Political Science]]
|23.00.00||[[Political Science]]
Line 52: Line 54:
|08.00.00||[[Economics]]
|08.00.00||[[Economics]]
|16.00.00||[[Veterinary]]
|16.00.00||[[Veterinary]]
|26.00.00||[[Theology]]
|}
|}
*positions 20.xx.xx were occupied by military sciences,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dissercat.com/catalog/voennye-nauki|title = Темы диссертаций и авторефератов по специальности "Военные науки", ВАК РФ 20.00.00}}</ref> position 21.xx.xx are kept in reserve since abolition of "naval sciences" at 1980th.
*Notice the gap of 20-21: these positions were occupied by Marxist topics during the [[Soviet era]].

==See also==
* [[Dissernet]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
<references/>


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://vak.ed.gov.ru/ Higher Attestation Commission of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation] (official site) {{ru icon}}
* [http://vak.ed.gov.ru/ Higher Attestation Commission of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181201155403/http://vak.ed.gov.ru/ |date=2018-12-01 }} (official site) {{in lang|ru}}
* [http://www.vak.org.ua/ Higher Attestation Commission of Ukraine] (official site) {{uk icon}}
* [http://www.vak.org.ua/ Higher Attestation Commission of Ukraine] (official site) {{in lang|uk}} {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}
* [http://www.vak.org.by/ Higher Attestation Commission of the Republic of Belarus] (official site) {{ru icon}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20190131015831/http://www.vak.org.by/ Higher Attestation Commission of the Republic of Belarus] (official site) {{in lang|ru}}
* [http://www.vak.uz/index.php?newlang=en Higher Attestation Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan] (official site) {{en icon}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928122117/http://www.vak.uz/index.php?newlang=en Higher Attestation Commission of the Republic of Uzbekistan] (official site) {{in lang|en}}
* [http://vak.acad.bg/ Higher Attestation Commission of Bulgaria] (official site) {{bg icon}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090130012131/http://vak.acad.bg/ Higher Attestation Commission of Bulgaria] (official site) {{in lang|bg}}

{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Science and technology in Russia]]
[[Category:Science and technology in Russia]]
[[Category:Education in Russia]]
[[Category:Education in Russia]]
[[Category:Education in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Education in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Academia]]
[[Category:Education in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Education in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Science and technology in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Science and technology in Ukraine]]
Line 74: Line 81:
[[Category:Science and technology in Belarus]]
[[Category:Science and technology in Belarus]]
[[Category:Education in Belarus]]
[[Category:Education in Belarus]]
[[Category:Educational organizations based in Belarus]]

{{Europe-edu-stub}}

[[bg:Висша атестационна комисия]]
[[ru:Высшая аттестационная комиссия]]
[[uk:Вища атестаційна комісія]]

Latest revision as of 01:50, 25 October 2024

Higher Attestation Commission (Russian: Высшая аттестационная комиссия, Ukrainian: Вища атестаційна комісія, abbreviated Cyrillic: ВАК, Latin: VAK) is a name of a national government agency in Russia, Ukraine and some other post-Soviet states that oversees awarding of advanced academic degrees. Due to translation differences, these committees are sometimes translated as the "State Supreme Certification Commission" or other similar variation; the common Cyrillic-based acronym of VAK remains a constant with all versions.

A commission of a similar kind (Bulgarian: Висша атестационна комисия) operated in Bulgaria until 2010, when it was abolished as part of a reorganisation of academic structures.[1]

On December 9, 2010, the Higher Education Commission of Ukraine was merged into the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine.[2]

Russia and the former Soviet Union

[edit]

During the Soviet Union, the Higher Attestation Commission under the USSR Council of Ministers (also abbreviated as VAK) oversaw and controlled the awarding of advanced academic degrees and academic ranks in all of the USSR. With the fall and break up of the Soviet Union, separate Higher Attestation Commissions arose in the newly independent nations. For example, the Russian agency became the Higher Attestation Commission of the Russian Ministry of Education and Science, taking similar duties in the Russian Federation.

The responsibilities of the Russian Commission include:

  • coordinating Dissertation Councils in Russian universities and research institutes;
  • promulgating regulations concerning awarding of academic degrees;
  • awarding the degrees of Candidate of Sciences and Doctor of Sciences, upon the recommendation of the Dissertation Council in the university or research institute where the defense of the dissertation took place;
  • awarding the academic rank of Professor;
  • making decisions on equivalence of foreign degrees awarded to Russian citizens.

Since 2016-2019, some (29, as of June 2020[3]) top-level educational and scientific establishments in Russia, e.g. Moscow State University, were granted the right to award degrees independently, i.e. without a control, of the VAK; there are voices against extension of this option.[3]

The Higher Attestation Commissions in other nations have similar responsibilities.

Fields of study

[edit]

Scientific degrees awarded VAK were classified into an established list of specialties, grouped into the following major sections[4]

Code Field Code Field Code Field
01.00.00 Physics and Mathematics 09.00.00 Philosophy 17.00.00 Art Studies
02.00.00 Chemistry 10.00.00 Philology 18.00.00 Architecture
03.00.00 Biology 11.00.00 Geography 19.00.00 Psychology
04.00.00 Geology and Mineralogy 12.00.00 Law 22.00.00 Sociology
05.00.00 Technical science 13.00.00 Education 23.00.00 Political Science
06.00.00 Agriculture 14.00.00 Medical Sciences 24.00.00 Culturology
07.00.00 History 15.00.00 Pharmaceutics 25.00.00 Earth Sciences
08.00.00 Economics 16.00.00 Veterinary 26.00.00 Theology
  • positions 20.xx.xx were occupied by military sciences,[5] position 21.xx.xx are kept in reserve since abolition of "naval sciences" at 1980th.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Закон за развитието на академичния състав в Република България" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-11-21. Retrieved 2012-08-02.
  2. ^ Указ Президента України № 1085 від 9 грудня 2010 року «Про оптимізацію системи центральних органів виконавчої влади» Archived 2012-02-10 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ a b "РАН предлагает ограничить список организаций, присуждающих ученые степени" [Russian Academy of Sciences advices to restrict the list of degree-awarding organizations]. Rossiyskaya Gazeta. 2020-06-02. Retrieved 2020-06-04.
  4. ^ "Паспорта научных специальностей" [Passports of scientific specialties] (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2016-09-18. Retrieved 2016-05-19.
  5. ^ "Темы диссертаций и авторефератов по специальности "Военные науки", ВАК РФ 20.00.00".
[edit]
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