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Coordinates: 48°13′01″N 29°21′00″E / 48.217°N 29.350°E / 48.217; 29.350
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{{short description|Rural locality in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine}}
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[[File:Ruins of Chechelnyk synagogue.jpg|thumb|The Synagogue of Chechelnyk, late 18th century]]
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Chechelnyk
| settlement_type = [[Populated places in Ukraine#Rural settlements|Rural settlement]]
| image_skyline = Синагога, смт. Чечельник.jpg
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| image_caption = The Synagogue of Chechelnyk, late 18th century
| image_flag =
| image_shield = Chechelnyk gerb.png
| pushpin_map = Ukraine Vinnytsia Oblast#Ukraine
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_caption =
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| coordinates = {{coord|48.217|N|29.350|E|display=it}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{UKR}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Oblasts of Ukraine|Province]]
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| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Vinnytsia Oblast}}
| subdivision_type2 = [[Raions of Ukraine|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = {{flag|Haisyn Raion}}
| established_title =
| established_date =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 7,94
| area_note =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 4785
| population_as_of = 2022
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_note =
| timezone = EET
| utc_offset = +2
| timezone_DST = EEST
| utc_offset_DST = +3
| postal_code_type = [[Postal code]]
| postal_code =
| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbering plan|Area code]]
| area_code =
| footnotes =
}}
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'''Chechelnyk''' (earlier also '''Chichelnik'''; alternate spellings Chetschelnik, Chitchilnik, Cicelnic, Czeczelnik, Tschetschelnik<ref>[[Gary Mokotoff]], [[Sallyann Amdur Sack]], and Alexander Sharon, ''Where Once We Walked: A Guide to the Jewish Communities Destroyed in the Holocaust'' (Avotaynu, 2002: {{ISBN|1-886223-15-7}}), p. 57.</ref>) ({{langx|uk|Чечельнúк}}) is a [[Populated places in Ukraine#Rural settlements|rural settlement]] on the Savranka River (a tributary of the [[Southern Bug]]) in [[Vinnytsia Oblast]], [[Ukraine]], near [[Odesa Oblast]], located in the historic region of [[Podolia]]. Chechelnyk was formerly the administrative center of [[Chechelnyk Raion]], although it is now administrated under the [[Haisyn Raion]]. The economy is based on the food industry, especially alcohol production. Population: {{Ua-pop-est2022|4,785}}


== History ==
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'''Chechelnyk''' or '''Chechelnik''' (earlier also '''Chichelnik'''; alternate spellings Chetschelnik, Chitchilnik, Cicelnic, Czeczelnik, Tschetschelnik<ref>[[Gary Mokotoff]], [[Sallyann Amdur Sack]], and Alexander Sharon, ''Where Once We Walked: A Guide to the Jewish Communities Destroyed in the Holocaust'' (Avotaynu, 2002: ISBN 1-886223-15-7), p. 57.</ref>) ({{lang-uk|Чечельник}}, {{lang-ru|Чечельни́к}}) is an [[urban-type settlement]] on the Savranka River (a tributary of the [[Southern Bug]]) in [[Vinnytsia Oblast]], [[Ukraine]] (before the [[Russian Revolution (1917)|Russian Revolution]] in the [[Podolia]] [[Gubernia]] of the [[Russian Empire]]), near [[Odessa Oblast]]. Chechelnyk is the administrative center of [[Chechelnyk Raion]], one of 33 regions of Vinnytsia Oblast. The economy is based on the food industry, especially alcohol production. Population: {{Ua-pop-est2015|5,132}}
Chechelnyk was founded "as a refuge from Tatars and landlords"<ref>[[Benjamin Moser]], ''Why This World: A Biography of Clarice Lispector'' (Oxford University Press US, 2009: {{ISBN|0-19-538556-X}}), p. 32.</ref> in the early 16th century and achieved the status of a town in 1635. Until the [[Partitions of Poland]] ''Czeczelnik'' was part of the [[Bracław Voivodeship]] of the [[Lesser Poland Province, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland|Lesser Poland Province]]. It was a [[private town]] of Poland, owned by the [[House of Lubomirski]].<ref>''[[Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland]]'', vol. 1, p. 781</ref><ref>Микола Крикун, "Воєводства Правобережної України у XVI-XVIII століттях: Статті і матеріали", p. 524</ref> The 5th Polish Vanguard Regiment was stationed in Czeczelnik in 1789, and the 2nd Polish Vanguard Regiment was stationed there in 1792.<ref>{{cite book|last=Gembarzewski|first=Bronisław|title=Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych od r. 1717 do r. 1831|year=1925|language=pl|publisher=Towarzystwo Wiedzy Wojskowej|location=Warszawa|pages=11–12}}</ref>


Chechelnik was founded "as a refuge from Tatars and landlords"<ref>[[Benjamin Moser]], ''Why This World: A Biography of Clarice Lispector'' (Oxford University Press US, 2009: ISBN 0-19-538556-X), p. 32.</ref> in the early 16th century and achieved the status of a town in 1635. Between 1795 and 1812 it was renamed Olgopol. In 1898 the population was 7,000, of whom 1,967 were Jews. Like most of Podolia, the town suffered terribly during the Russian Civil War; during the summer of 1920, "the south of Podolia seethed with counterrevolution... and Olgopol County, where Chechelnik is located, was the most unstable area in all of Podolia."<ref>Moser, ''Why This World'', p. 32.</ref>
Later it became part of the [[Podolian Governorate]] of the [[Russian Empire]]. Between 1795 and 1812 it was renamed Olgopil. In 1898 the population was 7,000, of whom 1,967 were Jews. Like most of [[Podolia]], the town suffered terribly during the First World War and 1917-1921 [[Ukrainian War of Independence]]; during the summer of 1920, "the south of Podillya seethed with counterrevolution... and Olgopil County, where Chechelnyk is located, was the most unstable area in all of Podillya."<ref>Moser, ''Why This World'', p. 32.</ref>


Until 26 January 2024, Chechelnyk was designated [[urban-type settlement]]. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Chechelnyk became a rural settlement.<ref name="glavnoe">{{cite news |title=Что изменится в Украине с 1 января |url=https://glavnoe.in.ua/ru/novosti/chto-yzmenytsya-v-ukrayne-s-1-yanvarya |work=glavnoe.in.ua |lang=ru| date=1 January 2024}}</ref>
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The [[Brazil]]ian writer [[Clarice Lispector]] was born in the town on December 10, 1920, during a pause in the family's journey to escape Russia.

== Notable residents ==

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* [[Brazil]]ian writer [[Clarice Lispector]] was born in Chechelnyk during a pause in the family's journey to escape Russia.


==References==
==References==
Line 12: Line 58:
==External links==
==External links==
*[http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=404&letter=C Chechelnik] at ''[[Jewish Encyclopedia|JewishEncyclopedia.com]]''
*[http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=404&letter=C Chechelnik] at ''[[Jewish Encyclopedia|JewishEncyclopedia.com]]''
*[http://www.chechelnyk.com Chechelnyk.com] (in [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]])
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20110202145420/http://chechelnyk.com/ Chechelnyk.com] (in [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]])
* {{JewishGen-LocalityPage|1036900|Chechelnyk, Ukraine}}

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{{Vinnytsia Oblast}}

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{{coord|48.217|N|29.350|E|display=title|source:ruwiki}}


{{Haisyn Raion}}
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[[Category:Urban-type settlements in Vinnytsia Oblast]]
[[Category:Podolia Governorate]]
[[Category:Cossack Hetmanate]]


{{Authority control}}
{{Vinnytsia-geo-stub}}
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[[Category:Rural settlements in Haisyn Raion]]

Latest revision as of 05:05, 25 October 2024

Chechelnyk
Rural settlement
The Synagogue of Chechelnyk, late 18th century
The Synagogue of Chechelnyk, late 18th century
Coat of arms of Chechelnyk
Coat of arms
Chechelnyk is located in Vinnytsia Oblast
Chechelnyk
Chechelnyk
Chechelnyk is located in Ukraine
Chechelnyk
Chechelnyk
Coordinates: 48°13′01″N 29°21′00″E / 48.217°N 29.350°E / 48.217; 29.350
Country Ukraine
Province Vinnytsia Oblast
District Haisyn Raion
Area
 • Total
794 km2 (307 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)
 • Total
4,785
 • Density6.0/km2 (16/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)

Chechelnyk (earlier also Chichelnik; alternate spellings Chetschelnik, Chitchilnik, Cicelnic, Czeczelnik, Tschetschelnik[1]) (Ukrainian: Чечельнúк) is a rural settlement on the Savranka River (a tributary of the Southern Bug) in Vinnytsia Oblast, Ukraine, near Odesa Oblast, located in the historic region of Podolia. Chechelnyk was formerly the administrative center of Chechelnyk Raion, although it is now administrated under the Haisyn Raion. The economy is based on the food industry, especially alcohol production. Population: 4,785 (2022 estimate)[2]

History

[edit]

Chechelnyk was founded "as a refuge from Tatars and landlords"[3] in the early 16th century and achieved the status of a town in 1635. Until the Partitions of Poland Czeczelnik was part of the Bracław Voivodeship of the Lesser Poland Province. It was a private town of Poland, owned by the House of Lubomirski.[4][5] The 5th Polish Vanguard Regiment was stationed in Czeczelnik in 1789, and the 2nd Polish Vanguard Regiment was stationed there in 1792.[6]

Later it became part of the Podolian Governorate of the Russian Empire. Between 1795 and 1812 it was renamed Olgopil. In 1898 the population was 7,000, of whom 1,967 were Jews. Like most of Podolia, the town suffered terribly during the First World War and 1917-1921 Ukrainian War of Independence; during the summer of 1920, "the south of Podillya seethed with counterrevolution... and Olgopil County, where Chechelnyk is located, was the most unstable area in all of Podillya."[7]

Until 26 January 2024, Chechelnyk was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Chechelnyk became a rural settlement.[8]

Notable residents

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Gary Mokotoff, Sallyann Amdur Sack, and Alexander Sharon, Where Once We Walked: A Guide to the Jewish Communities Destroyed in the Holocaust (Avotaynu, 2002: ISBN 1-886223-15-7), p. 57.
  2. ^ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
  3. ^ Benjamin Moser, Why This World: A Biography of Clarice Lispector (Oxford University Press US, 2009: ISBN 0-19-538556-X), p. 32.
  4. ^ Geographical Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland, vol. 1, p. 781
  5. ^ Микола Крикун, "Воєводства Правобережної України у XVI-XVIII століттях: Статті і матеріали", p. 524
  6. ^ Gembarzewski, Bronisław (1925). Rodowody pułków polskich i oddziałów równorzędnych od r. 1717 do r. 1831 (in Polish). Warszawa: Towarzystwo Wiedzy Wojskowej. pp. 11–12.
  7. ^ Moser, Why This World, p. 32.
  8. ^ "Что изменится в Украине с 1 января". glavnoe.in.ua (in Russian). 1 January 2024.
[edit]
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