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Coordinates: 37°41′29″S 175°28′15″E / 37.691264°S 175.470972°E / -37.691264; 175.470972
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{{Short description|Village in Waikato, New Zealand}}
{{Use New Zealand English|date=August 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Motumaoho
| name = Motumaoho
| leader_name =
| image_skyline = File:Motumaoho on 22 Jan 1968.jpg
| image_skyline = File:Motumaoho on 22 Jan 1968.jpg
| image_caption = Motumaoho on 22 Jan 1968
⚫
| coordinates = {{coord|-37.691264|175.470972|region:NZ|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_m = 30
| area_code = 07
⚫
| coordinates = {{coord|-37.691264|175.470972|region:NZ|display=inline,title}}
| area_code = 07
| postal_code = 3372
| postal_code = 3372
| utc_offset_DST = +13
| utc_offset_DST = +13
| timezone_DST = NZDT
| timezone_DST = NZDT
| utc_offset = +12
| utc_offset = +12
| timezone = [[Time in New Zealand|NZST]]
| postal_code_type = Postcode
⚫
| timezone = [[Time in New Zealand|NZST]]
| postal_code_type = Postcode
| area_footnotes = <ref name="Area"/>
| population_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 15.62
| population_as_of = 2018
| elevation_footnotes =
| population_total = 99
| elevation_m =
<!-- Population ----------------------->
⚫
| leader_title =
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2018"/>
| image_map = {{infobox mapframe|zoom=9}}
| pushpin_map =
| population_total = 183
| population_as_of = 2018 Census
⚫
| seat = [[Waikato (New Zealand electorate)|Waikato]]
| population_density_km2 = auto
| seat_type = [[New Zealand electorates|Electorate]]
| subdivision_name3 = Morrinsville
| image_map = {{infobox mapframe|zoom=9}}
⚫
| subdivision_type = Country
⚫
| subdivision_type3 = [[Ward (country subdivision)|Ward]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Matamata-Piako District]]
| subdivision_name = New Zealand
⚫
| subdivision_type1 = Region
| subdivision_type2 = [[Territorial authorities of New Zealand|Territorial authority]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Waikato]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Waikato]]
| subdivision_type2 = District
⚫
| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of New Zealand|Region]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Matamata-Piako District]]
| subdivision_name = {{NZL}}
⚫
| subdivision_type3 = Ward
⚫
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| pushpin_label_position = left
| subdivision_name3 = Morrinsville Ward
| official_name =
| leader_title = Territorial Authority
| image_caption = Motumaoho on 22 Jan 1968
| leader_name = [[Matamata-Piako District Council]]
| leader_title1 = Regional council
| leader_name1 = [[Waikato Regional Council]]
⚫
| seat_type = [[New Zealand electorates|Electorates]]
⚫
| seat = {{ubl|[[Waikato (New Zealand electorate)|Waikato]]|[[Hauraki-Waikato]]}}
⚫
| official_name =
}}
}}


'''Motumaoho''' is a small village in the [[Waikato]] region of [[New Zealand]]'s [[North Island]], just to the west of the Pakaroa Range. It is on [[New Zealand State Highway 26|SH26]], {{Convert|25|km||abbr=on}} east of [[Hamilton, New Zealand|Hamilton]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Hamilton/SH+26+(near+Norfolk+Rd)+(hail2ride)/@-37.7488698,175.3040762,12z/am=t/data=!4m15!4m14!1m5!1m1!1s0x6d6d227487a63621:0x500ef6143a29903!2m2!1d175.279253!2d-37.7870012!1m5!1m1!1s0x6d6d0fa56b11ab9f:0xb05bc749a26971a5!2m2!1d175.469998!2d-37.691353!3e0!5i1|title=Hamilton to SH 26 (near Norfolk Rd) (hail2ride)|last=|first=|date=|website=Google maps|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> and {{Convert|7|km||abbr=on}} west of [[Morrinsville]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Morrinsville/SH+26+(near+Norfolk+Rd)+(hail2ride)/@-37.6742732,175.4842159,14z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m14!4m13!1m5!1m1!1s0x6d6d0838d510cf8f:0x500ef6143a2e5a0!2m2!1d175.5299286!2d-37.657196!1m5!1m1!1s0x6d6d0fa56b11ab9f:0xb05bc749a26971a5!2m2!1d175.469998!2d-37.691353!3e0|title=Morrinsville to SH 26 (near Norfolk Rd) (hail2ride)|last=|first=|date=|website=Google maps|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> The village is bordered by the [[Waitakaruru Stream]] to the east.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gazetteer.linz.govt.nz/place/30456|title=NZGB Gazetteer|last=|first=|date=|website=gazetteer.linz.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> Motumaoho can be translated as an intruding clump of trees.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nzhistory.govt.nz/culture/maori-language-week/1000-maori-place-names|title=1000 Māori place names - Te Wiki o Te Reo Māori - Māori Language Week|last=|first=|date=|website=nzhistory.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref>
'''Motumaoho''' is a small village in the [[Waikato]] region of New Zealand's [[North Island]], just to the west of the Pakaroa Range. It is on [[New Zealand State Highway 26|SH26]], {{Convert|25|km||abbr=on}} east of [[Hamilton, New Zealand|Hamilton]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Hamilton/SH+26+(near+Norfolk+Rd)+(hail2ride)/@-37.7488698,175.3040762,12z/am=t/data=!4m15!4m14!1m5!1m1!1s0x6d6d227487a63621:0x500ef6143a29903!2m2!1d175.279253!2d-37.7870012!1m5!1m1!1s0x6d6d0fa56b11ab9f:0xb05bc749a26971a5!2m2!1d175.469998!2d-37.691353!3e0!5i1|title=Hamilton to SH 26 (near Norfolk Rd) (hail2ride)|website=Google maps|language=en|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> and {{Convert|7|km||abbr=on}} west of [[Morrinsville]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/dir/Morrinsville/SH+26+(near+Norfolk+Rd)+(hail2ride)/@-37.6742732,175.4842159,14z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m14!4m13!1m5!1m1!1s0x6d6d0838d510cf8f:0x500ef6143a2e5a0!2m2!1d175.5299286!2d-37.657196!1m5!1m1!1s0x6d6d0fa56b11ab9f:0xb05bc749a26971a5!2m2!1d175.469998!2d-37.691353!3e0|title=Morrinsville to SH 26 (near Norfolk Rd) (hail2ride)|website=Google maps|language=en|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> The village is bordered by the [[Waitakaruru Stream]] to the east.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://gazetteer.linz.govt.nz/place/30456|title=NZGB Gazetteer|website=gazetteer.linz.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> Motumaoho can be translated as an intruding clump of trees.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nzhistory.govt.nz/culture/maori-language-week/1000-maori-place-names|title=1000 Māori place names - Te Wiki o Te Reo Māori - Māori Language Week|website=nzhistory.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref>


It once had a cheese factory, post office, railway station and garage,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/100424813/couple-trick-fleeing-teens-delivering-them-to-waiting-police|title=Couple trick fleeing teens, delivering them to waiting police|website=Stuff|language=en|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> but now has only greenhouses, a school and houses.<ref name=":2" /> A hall was open at least from 1917<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=20 Feb 1917|title=DISTRICT NEWS. WAIKATO TIMES|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19170220.2.36|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-10-03|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz}}</ref> to 1928.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=15 Aug 1928|title=MOTUMAOHO. WAIKATO TIMES|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19280815.2.89.1|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz}}</ref>{{TOC limit}}
It once had a cheese factory, post office, railway station and garage,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/crime/100424813/couple-trick-fleeing-teens-delivering-them-to-waiting-police|title=Couple trick fleeing teens, delivering them to waiting police|website=Stuff|language=en|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> but now has only greenhouses, a school and houses.<ref name=":2" /> A hall was open at least from 1917<ref>{{Cite web|date=20 Feb 1917|title=DISTRICT NEWS. WAIKATO TIMES|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19170220.2.36|access-date=2020-10-03|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz}}</ref> to 1928.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=15 Aug 1928|title=MOTUMAOHO. WAIKATO TIMES|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19280815.2.89.1|access-date=2020-04-11|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz}}</ref>{{TOC limit}}


== History ==
== History ==


The area was sparsely occupied by Ngāti Werewere of [[Ngāti Hauā]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mpdc.govt.nz/history/morrinsville-history|title=Morrinsville History|website=www.mpdc.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref> The nearest known archaeological site<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archsite.eaglegis.co.nz/NZAAPublic|title=NZAA Site Viewer|website=archsite.eaglegis.co.nz|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref> is just over the [[New Zealand land-confiscations#Waikato|confiscation line]] and county boundary, about 5km towards [[Eureka, New Zealand|Eureka]], where a [[Ring ditch|ringditch]] [[pā]], Mangao Tupua, is on a small knoll at the foot of the Pakaroa Range.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wdcsitefinity.blob.core.windows.net/sitefinity-storage/docs/default-source/your-council/plans-policies-and-bylaws/plans/district-plan-review/apps-and-schedules/schedule-30-3-maaori-sites-of-significance-notified-18072018.pdf?sfvrsn=148a80c9_2|title=Proposed District Plan (Stage 1) Schedule 30.3 Maaori Sites of Significance|last=|first=|date=18 July 2018|website=Waikato District Council|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>
The area was sparsely occupied by Ngāti Werewere of [[Ngāti Hauā]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mpdc.govt.nz/history/morrinsville-history|title=Morrinsville History|website=www.mpdc.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref> The nearest known archaeological site<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archsite.eaglegis.co.nz/NZAAPublic|title=NZAA Site Viewer|website=archsite.eaglegis.co.nz|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref> is just over the [[New Zealand land-confiscations#Waikato|confiscation line]] and county boundary, about 5km towards [[Eureka, New Zealand|Eureka]], where a [[Ring ditch|ringditch]] [[pā]], Mangao Tupua, is on a small knoll at the foot of the Pakaroa Range.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://wdcsitefinity.blob.core.windows.net/sitefinity-storage/docs/default-source/your-council/plans-policies-and-bylaws/plans/district-plan-review/apps-and-schedules/schedule-30-3-maaori-sites-of-significance-notified-18072018.pdf?sfvrsn=148a80c9_2|title=Proposed District Plan (Stage 1) Schedule 30.3 Maaori Sites of Significance|date=18 July 2018|website=Waikato District Council}}</ref>


Some early European [[Merchant|traders]] are believed to have traversed the district prior to 1834, when the missionary, [[John Morgan (missionary)|John Morgan]], travelled up the [[Piako River]] and crossed to [[Horotiu]]. The 1860s saw an influx of European settlers to the area and, on 13 December 1873, a settler from [[Auckland]], Thomas Morrin, purchased Kuranui No.1 Block.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nzmuseums.co.nz/account/3016/object/520|title=Land Title; 1876; 7042 - Morrinsville Museum on NZMuseums|website=www.nzmuseums.co.nz|access-date=2016-03-02}}</ref> In May 1874, he bought two further blocks, Motumaoho No.1 and No.2, and hired Irish [[Navvy|navvies]] from the gold fields to dig a network of ditches to drain the land, enabling it to be used for agriculture.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mpdc.govt.nz/history/morrinsville-history|title=Morrinsville History|website=www.mpdc.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> In 1873 Motumaoho was described as being near Hangawera, a hill over 10km to the north, there being no other settlements in the area.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/DSC18731030.2.12|title=The Daily Southern Cross.|last=|first=|date=30 Oct 1873|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref>
Some early European [[Merchant|traders]] are believed to have traversed the district prior to 1834, when the missionary, [[John Morgan (missionary)|John Morgan]], travelled up the [[Piako River]] and crossed to [[Horotiu]]. The 1860s saw an influx of European settlers to the area and, on 13 December 1873, a settler from [[Auckland]], Thomas Morrin, purchased Kuranui No.1 Block.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nzmuseums.co.nz/account/3016/object/520|title=Land Title; 1876; 7042 - Morrinsville Museum on NZMuseums|website=www.nzmuseums.co.nz|access-date=2016-03-02}}</ref> In May 1874, he bought two further blocks, Motumaoho No.1 and No.2, and hired Irish [[Navvy|navvies]] from the gold fields to dig a network of ditches to drain the land, enabling it to be used for agriculture.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mpdc.govt.nz/history/morrinsville-history|title=Morrinsville History|website=www.mpdc.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> In 1873 Motumaoho was described as being near Hangawera, a hill over 10km to the north, there being no other settlements in the area.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/DSC18731030.2.12|title=The Daily Southern Cross.|date=30 Oct 1873|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref>


The other large holding in the area was Norfolk Downs. That estate was divided into smaller farms about 1911, after which there was some growth in the population.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19231124.2.61|title=PROGRESSIVE WAIKATO - WAIKATO TIMES|last=|first=|date=24 Nov 1923|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref>
The other large holding in the area was Norfolk Downs. That estate was divided into smaller farms about 1911, after which there was some growth in the population.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19231124.2.61|title=PROGRESSIVE WAIKATO - WAIKATO TIMES|date=24 Nov 1923|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref>


=== Motumaoho Swamp ===
=== Motumaoho Swamp ===
A 1963 study found much of the vegetation on Motumaoho swamp, to the north of the railway, remained as it had when it built up the peat bogs over about 13,000 years, the two dominant species being [[Sporadanthus ferrugineus|giant wire rush]] and [[Empodisma minus|wire rush]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/periodicals/TRSBOT19640214.2.2|title=The Restiad Peat Bogs at Motumaoho and Moanatuatua TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW ZEALAND : BOTANY|last=|first=|date=14 Feb 1964|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> However, since then, additional drains have been put in and, by 1998, Valentine Rd had been extended across the area.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mapspast.org.nz/?zoom=13&x=1817651&y=5827021&layerid=NZMS260%201999|title=Sheet: S14|last=|first=|date=1998|website=www.mapspast.org.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> The study also looked at [[Moanatuatua Scientific Reserve|Moanatuatua swamp]], which became a scientific reserve in 1980.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nzlii.org/nz/other/nz_gazette/1980/94/14.pdf|title=THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> Floods still occur.<ref>{{Citation|last=D70|title=Floods from summer rains|date=2010-02-01|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/d70w7/46454468245/|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref>
A 1963 study found much of the vegetation on Motumaoho swamp, to the north of the railway, remained as it had when it built up the peat bogs over about 13,000 years, the two dominant species being [[Sporadanthus ferrugineus|giant wire rush]] and [[Empodisma minus|wire rush]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/periodicals/TRSBOT19640214.2.2|title=The Restiad Peat Bogs at Motumaoho and Moanatuatua TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF NEW ZEALAND : BOTANY|date=14 Feb 1964|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> However, since then, additional drains have been put in and, by 1998, Valentine Rd had been extended across the area.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mapspast.org.nz/?zoom=13&x=1817651&y=5827021&layerid=NZMS260%201999|title=Sheet: S14|date=1998|website=www.mapspast.org.nz|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> The study also looked at [[Moanatuatua Scientific Reserve|Moanatuatua swamp]], which became a scientific reserve in 1980.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nzlii.org/nz/other/nz_gazette/1980/94/14.pdf|title=THE NEW ZEALAND GAZETTE}}</ref> Floods still occur.<ref>{{Citation|last=D70|title=Floods from summer rains|date=2010-02-01|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/d70w7/46454468245/|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref>


=== Cheese factory ===
=== Cheese factory ===
The centre of the village is dominated by the former cheese factory. A [[Fonterra|New Zealand Dairy Association]] dairy was built in 1910.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WAIKIN19100531.2.9|title=LOCAL AND GENERAL. WAIKATO INDEPENDENT|last=|first=|date=31 May 1910|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> The cheese factory was described as new in 1912, saying the Waikato Dairy Association's offer to build and run it was accepted.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WAIGUS19121218.2.13|title=NEW CHEESE FACTORY WAIKATO ARGUS|last=|first=|date=18 Dec 1912|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref> However, in 1929 the cheese factory had on its wall - Norfolk Coop Dairy Co estd. 1916.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19291207.2.102|title=DISTRICT NEWS WAIKATO TIMES|last=|first=|date=7 Dec 1929|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref> The Norfolk Co-operative Dairy Company was formed in 1915,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://researchcommons.waikato.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10289/10434/No.%20102%20Manuel.pdf?sequence=5|title=Te Aroha Mining District Working Papers No. 102|last=Hart|first=Philip|date=2016|website=University of Waikato|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> with 22 suppliers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH19150527.2.117|title=COUNTRY NEWS. NEW ZEALAND HERALD|last=|first=|date=27 May 1915|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref> Electric power was connected in 1923, when a new factory was approved.<ref name=":4" /> It was working by 1924.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19240909.2.63|title=NORFOLK DAIRY COMPANY. WAIKATO TIMES|last=|first=|date=9 Sep 1924|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref> Norfolk Co-operative Dairy Company, Limited merged into Morrinsville Co-operative Dairy Company, Limited in 1946.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nzlii.org/nz/other/nz_gazette/1947/37/33.pdf|title=New Zealand Gazette 1947|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> The factory closed in 1983.<ref name=":0" /> The derelict building remains and, between 2010<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/@-37.6913094,175.4714753,3a,75y,216.4h,95.96t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sG0JbrS4rBGDJZPowGBOfog!2e0!7i13312!8i6656|title=15 Norfolk Rd|last=|first=|date=|website=Google Maps|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> and 2014, a rusting [[Bedford OB]] bus was parked beside it.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/@-37.6912976,175.4714816,3a,75y,216.4h,95.96t/data=!3m7!1e1!3m5!1sEUTYnY4_mRMkVvR7bE4WSw!2e0!6s//geo1.ggpht.com/cbk?panoid=EUTYnY4_mRMkVvR7bE4WSw&output=thumbnail&cb_client=maps_sv.tactile.gps&thumb=2&w=203&h=100&yaw=128.93346&pitch=0&thumbfov=100!7i13312!8i6656|title=15 Norfolk Rd|last=|first=|date=|website=Google Maps|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref>
The centre of the village is dominated by the former cheese factory. A [[Fonterra|New Zealand Dairy Association]] dairy was built in 1910.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WAIKIN19100531.2.9|title=LOCAL AND GENERAL. WAIKATO INDEPENDENT|date=31 May 1910|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> The cheese factory was described as new in 1912, saying the Waikato Dairy Association's offer to build and run it was accepted.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WAIGUS19121218.2.13|title=NEW CHEESE FACTORY WAIKATO ARGUS|date=18 Dec 1912|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref> However, in 1929 the cheese factory had on its wall - Norfolk Coop Dairy Co estd. 1916.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19291207.2.102|title=DISTRICT NEWS WAIKATO TIMES|date=7 Dec 1929|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref> The Norfolk Co-operative Dairy Company was formed in 1915,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://researchcommons.waikato.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10289/10434/No.%20102%20Manuel.pdf?sequence=5|title=Te Aroha Mining District Working Papers No. 102|last=Hart|first=Philip|date=2016|website=University of Waikato}}</ref> with 22 suppliers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH19150527.2.117|title=COUNTRY NEWS. NEW ZEALAND HERALD|date=27 May 1915|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref> Electric power was connected in 1923, when a new factory was approved.<ref name=":4" /> It was working by 1924.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19240909.2.63|title=NORFOLK DAIRY COMPANY. WAIKATO TIMES|date=9 Sep 1924|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref> Norfolk Co-operative Dairy Company, Limited merged into Morrinsville Co-operative Dairy Company, Limited in 1946.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nzlii.org/nz/other/nz_gazette/1947/37/33.pdf|title=New Zealand Gazette 1947}}</ref> The factory closed in 1983.<ref name=":0" /> The derelict building remains and, between 2010<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/@-37.6913094,175.4714753,3a,75y,216.4h,95.96t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sG0JbrS4rBGDJZPowGBOfog!2e0!7i13312!8i6656|title=15 Norfolk Rd|website=Google Maps|language=en|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> and 2014, a rusting [[Bedford OB]] bus was parked beside it.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/@-37.6912976,175.4714816,3a,75y,216.4h,95.96t/data=!3m7!1e1!3m5!1sEUTYnY4_mRMkVvR7bE4WSw!2e0!6s//geo1.ggpht.com/cbk?panoid=EUTYnY4_mRMkVvR7bE4WSw&output=thumbnail&cb_client=maps_sv.tactile.gps&thumb=2&w=203&h=100&yaw=128.93346&pitch=0&thumbfov=100!7i13312!8i6656|title=15 Norfolk Rd|website=Google Maps|language=en|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref>


=== Flax ===
=== Flax ===
In 1926 [[Palmerston North]]-based [[Phormium tenax|flax]] miller, [[Alfred Seifert (flax miller)|Fred Seifert]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/3s10/seifert-alfred|title=Seifert, Alfred|last=Taonga|first=New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu|website=teara.govt.nz|language=en|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> formed a company to develop<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/THS19260618.2.3.3|title=Page 1 Advertisements Column 3 THAMES STAR|last=|first=|date=18 June 1926|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> {{convert|4000|acre||abbr=on}} of former dairy and scrubland north of Motumaoho. He hoped to build a mill in 1929,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH19270607.2.144|title=NEW ZEALAND FLAX. NEW ZEALAND HERALD|last=|first=|date=7 June 1927|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> but an old flax mill was demolished in 1928<ref name=":3" /> and a shareholders tour in 1929<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19290422.2.39|title=FLAX GROWING. WAIKATO TIMES|last=|first=|date=22 April 1929|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> failed to raise capital, so no more was heard of the prothe eastect.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/1966/morrinsville|title=MORRINSVILLE|last1=McLintock|first1=Alexander Hare|last2=Brian Newton Davis|first2=M. A.|website=An encyclopaedia of New Zealand, edited by A. H. McLintock, 1966.|language=en|access-date=2020-04-12|last3=Taonga|first3=New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu}}</ref>
In 1926 [[Palmerston North]]-based [[Phormium tenax|flax]] miller, [[Alfred Seifert (flax miller)|Fred Seifert]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/3s10/seifert-alfred|title=Seifert, Alfred|last=Taonga|first=New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu|website=teara.govt.nz|language=en|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> formed a company to develop<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/THS19260618.2.3.3|title=Page 1 Advertisements Column 3 THAMES STAR|date=18 June 1926|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> {{convert|4000|acre||abbr=on}} of former dairy and scrubland north of Motumaoho. He hoped to build a mill in 1929,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/NZH19270607.2.144|title=NEW ZEALAND FLAX. NEW ZEALAND HERALD|date=7 June 1927|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> but an old flax mill was demolished in 1928<ref name=":3" /> and a shareholders tour in 1929<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19290422.2.39|title=FLAX GROWING. WAIKATO TIMES|date=22 April 1929|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> failed to raise capital, so no more was heard of the prothe eastect.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://teara.govt.nz/en/1966/morrinsville|title=MORRINSVILLE|last1=McLintock|first1=Alexander Hare|last2=Brian Newton Davis|first2=M. A.|website=An encyclopaedia of New Zealand, edited by A. H. McLintock, 1966.|language=en|access-date=2020-04-12|last3=Taonga|first3=New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage Te Manatu}}</ref>


=== Soap ===
=== Soap ===
In 1921 soap was being made from [[tallow]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19211221.2.12|title=J. B. Chapman Soap Manufacturer (Motumaoho)|last=|first=|date=21 Dec 1921|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref>
In 1921 soap was being made from [[tallow]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19211221.2.12|title=J. B. Chapman Soap Manufacturer (Motumaoho)|date=21 Dec 1921|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref>


== Demographics ==
== Demographics ==
By 1891 41 people were living in Motumaoho<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www3.stats.govt.nz/historic_publications/1891-census/1891-results-census/1891-results-census.html|title=1891 census|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> and, though the 1896 census recorded only 7,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www3.stats.govt.nz/historic_publications/1896-census/1896-results-census/1896-results-census.html|title=Results Of A Census Of The Colony Of New Zealand taken for the night of 12th April 1896|last=|first=|date=|website=StatsNZ|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> 215 were in the 1916 census.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www3.stats.govt.nz/historic_publications/1916-census/Report%20on%20Results%20of%20Census%201916/1916-report-results-census%20.html|title=REPORT ON THE RESULTS OF A CENSUS OF THE POPULATION OF THE DOMINION OF NEW ZEALAND TAKEN FOR THE NIGHT OF THE 15th OCTOBER, 1916.|website=www3.stats.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> The current population has shrunk, the main part of the village, near the old dairy, being in [[meshblock]] 1091200, which had these census figures<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archive.stats.govt.nz/StatsMaps/Home/People%20and%20households/2013-census-quickstats-about-a-place-map.aspx|title=2013 Census map – QuickStats about a place|website=archive.stats.govt.nz|language=en-nz|access-date=2018-05-30}}</ref> -
By 1891 41 people were living in Motumaoho<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www3.stats.govt.nz/historic_publications/1891-census/1891-results-census/1891-results-census.html|title=1891 census}}</ref> and, though the 1896 census recorded only 7,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www3.stats.govt.nz/historic_publications/1896-census/1896-results-census/1896-results-census.html|title=Results Of A Census Of The Colony Of New Zealand taken for the night of 12th April 1896|website=StatsNZ}}</ref> 215 were in the 1916 census.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www3.stats.govt.nz/historic_publications/1916-census/Report%20on%20Results%20of%20Census%201916/1916-report-results-census%20.html|title=REPORT ON THE RESULTS OF A CENSUS OF THE POPULATION OF THE DOMINION OF NEW ZEALAND TAKEN FOR THE NIGHT OF THE 15th OCTOBER, 1916.|website=www3.stats.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Population
!Median age
!Households
!Median income
!National median
|-
|2001
|87
|26.5
|27
|$17,500
|$18,500
|-
|2006
|96
|27
|30
|$25,800
|$24,100
|-
|2013
|78
|32.2
|27
|$36,300
|$27,900
|-
|2018
|99<ref>{{NZ census meshblock 2018|Meshblock 1091200}}</ref>
|
|
|
|
|}


Motumaoho is in an SA1 statistical area which covers {{Convert|15.62|km2||abbr=on}}.<ref name="Area">{{Cite web|title=ArcGIS Web Application|url=https://statsnz.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=6f49867abe464f86ac7526552fe19787| access-date=20 April 2024|website=statsnz.maps.arcgis.com}}</ref> The SA1 area is part of the larger Tahuroa statistical area.
⚫
{{Historical populations|2006|1,479|2013|1,338|2018|1,377|percentages=pagr|source=<ref name="Census 2018"/>}}
⚫
The Tatuanui statistical area, which at 182 square kilometres is much larger than this village, surrounds Morrinsville on the north, west and south. It had a population of 1,377 at the [[2018 New Zealand census]], an increase of 39 people (2.9%) since the [[2013 New Zealand census|2013 census]], and a decrease of 102 people (-6.9%) since the [[2006 New Zealand census|2006 census]]. There were 477 households. There were 708 males and 669 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.06 males per female. The median age was 35 years, with 336 people (24.4%) aged under 15 years, 276 (20.0%) aged 15 to 29, 609 (44.2%) aged 30 to 64, and 156 (11.3%) aged 65 or older.


{{Historical populations|2006|192|2013|174|2018|183|percentages=pagr|align=left|title=Historical population of Motumaoho and surrounds|source=<ref name="Census 2018"/>}}
⚫
Ethnicities were 88.0% European/Pākehā, 14.6% Māori, 1.7% Pacific peoples, 3.9% Asian, and 1.7% other ethnicities (totals add to more than 100% since people could identify with multiple ethnicities).
⚫
The SA1 area had a population of 183 at the [[2018 New Zealand census]], an increase of 9 people (5.2%) since the [[2013 New Zealand census|2013 census]], and a decrease of 9 people (−4.7%) since the [[2006 New Zealand census|2006 census]]. There were 69 households, comprising 96 males and 90 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.07 males per female. The median age was 36.1 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 42 people (23.0%) aged under 15 years, 36 (19.7%) aged 15 to 29, 87 (47.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 18 (9.8%) aged 65 or older.


Ethnicities were 90.2% European/[[Pākehā]], 8.2% [[Māori people|Māori]], 1.6% [[Pasifika New Zealanders|Pacific peoples]], and 3.3% [[Asian New Zealanders|Asian]]. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
⚫
The proportion of people born overseas was 10.7%, compared with 27.1% nationally.


Although some people objected to giving their religion, 55.6% had no religion, 34.2% were Christian, 0.7% were Hindu, 1.1% were Muslim, 0.2% were Buddhist and 2.0% had other religions.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 57.4% had no religion, 29.5% were [[Christianity in New Zealand|Christian]], and 1.6% were [[Buddhism in New Zealand|Buddhist]].


Of those at least 15 years old, 129 (12.4%) people had a bachelor or higher degree, and 237 (22.8%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $44,600. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 630 (60.5%) people were employed full-time, 189 (18.2%) were part-time, and 15 (1.4%) were unemployed.<ref name="Census 2018">{{NZ census 2018|Tatuanui (173700)|tatuanui|Tatuanui}}</ref>
Of those at least 15 years old, 27 (19.1%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 27 (19.1%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $43,500, compared with $31,800 nationally. 33 people (23.4%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 87 (61.7%) people were employed full-time, 18 (12.8%) were part-time, and 6 (4.3%) were unemployed.<ref name="Census 2018">{{NZ census 2018|7011449}}</ref>

===Tahuroa statistical area===
Tahuroa statistical area, which surrounds Morrinsville on the north, west and south, covers {{Convert|179.33|km2||abbr=on}}<ref name="Area"/> and had an estimated population of {{NZ population data 2023 SA2|Tahuroa|y}} as of {{NZ population data 2023 SA2|||y|y||,}} with a population density of {{Decimals|{{formatnum:{{NZ population data 2023 SA2|Tahuroa|y}}|R}}/179.33|1}} people per km<sup>2</sup>.

⚫
{{Historical populations|2006|1,581|2013|1,695|2018|1,794|percentages=pagr|align=left|title=Historical population for Tahuroa statistical area|source=<ref name="Census 2018 T"/>}}
Before the 2023 census, the statistical area had a larger boundary, covering {{Convert|181.87|km2||abbr=on}}.<ref name="Area"/> Using that boundary, Tahuroa statistical area had a population of 1,794 at the [[2018 New Zealand census]], an increase of 99 people (5.8%) since the [[2013 New Zealand census|2013 census]], and an increase of 213 people (13.5%) since the [[2006 New Zealand census|2006 census]]. There were 624 households, comprising 918 males and 873 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.05 males per female. The median age was 37.1 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 396 people (22.1%) aged under 15 years, 357 (19.9%) aged 15 to 29, 819 (45.7%) aged 30 to 64, and 222 (12.4%) aged 65 or older.

⚫
Ethnicities were 87.5% European/[[Pākehā]], 12.0% [[Māori people|Māori]], 1.8% [[Pasifika New Zealanders|Pacific peoples]], 4.0% [[Asian New Zealanders|Asian]], and 1.7% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

⚫
The percentage of people born overseas was 11.0, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 51.3% had no religion, 37.8% were [[Christianity in New Zealand|Christian]], 0.3% had [[Religion of Māori people|Māori religious beliefs]], 0.3% were [[Hinduism in New Zealand|Hindu]], 0.5% were [[Buddhism in New Zealand|Buddhist]] and 1.8% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 210 (15.0%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 267 (19.1%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $40,100, compared with $31,800 nationally. 285 people (20.4%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 807 (57.7%) people were employed full-time, 234 (16.7%) were part-time, and 42 (3.0%) were unemployed.<ref name="Census 2018 T">{{NZ census 2018|Tahuroa (173800)|tahuroa|Tahuroa}}</ref>


== Education ==
== Education ==
Motumaoho School is on SH26.<ref name="moe1835">{{TKI|1835|Motumaoho School}}</ref> It had a roll of {{NZ school roll data|1835|y}} as of {{NZ school roll data|||y|y||,}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ero.govt.nz/review-reports/motumaoho-school-15-06-2017/|title=Motumaoho School - 15/06/2017|website=Education Review Office|language=en-NZ|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> and has 3 teachers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.motumaoho.school.nz/our-staff/|title=Our Staff|last=|first=|date=|website=Motumaoho School|language=en-NZ|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref> In 1923 it had 70 children.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19231128.2.55|title=PROGRESSIVE WAIKATO - WAIKATO TIMES|last=|first=|date=28 Nov 1923|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref>
Motumaoho School is on SH26.<ref name="moe1835">{{TKI|1835|Motumaoho School}}</ref> It had a roll of {{NZ school roll data|1835|y}} as of {{NZ school roll data|||y|y||,}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ero.govt.nz/review-reports/motumaoho-school-15-06-2017/|title=Motumaoho School - 15/06/2017|website=Education Review Office|language=en-NZ|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> and has 3 teachers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.motumaoho.school.nz/our-staff/|title=Our Staff|website=Motumaoho School|language=en-NZ|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref> In 1923 it had 70 children.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19231128.2.55|title=PROGRESSIVE WAIKATO - WAIKATO TIMES|date=28 Nov 1923|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref>


A request for a school was made in Parliament in 1910<ref>{{Cite book|last=Parliament|first=New Zealand|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mTI_AQAAMAAJ&q=Motumaoho&pg=PA472|title=Parliamentary Debates: House of Representatives|date=1910|language=en}}</ref> and a one roomed school opened in 1912. In 1969 it was replaced by a school with a small library and a staff-room transported from [[Te Uku#Education|Ohautira]]. Later changes added a library, which had been the Post Office, and a front deck.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.schoolandcollegelistings.com/NZ/Motumaoho/251119591591736/Motumaoho-School-and-District-Centenary|title=Motumaoho School and District Centenary|last=|first=|date=|website=www.schoolandcollegelistings.com|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref>
A request for a school was made in Parliament in 1910<ref>{{Cite book|last=Parliament|first=New Zealand|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mTI_AQAAMAAJ&q=Motumaoho&pg=PA472|title=Parliamentary Debates: House of Representatives|date=1910|language=en}}</ref> and a one roomed school opened in 1912. In 1969 it was replaced by a school with a small library and a staff-room transported from [[Te Uku#Education|Ohautira]]. Later changes added a library, which had been the Post Office, and a front deck.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.schoolandcollegelistings.com/NZ/Motumaoho/251119591591736/Motumaoho-School-and-District-Centenary|title=Motumaoho School and District Centenary|website=www.schoolandcollegelistings.com|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref>


== Commerce ==
== Commerce ==
Line 116: Line 102:


=== Quarry ===
=== Quarry ===
The only other significant remaining occupation is quarrying. At the end of Harbottle Road, on the slopes of the Pakaroa Range, about {{convert|4|km||abbr=on}} south of Motumaoho,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.topomap.co.nz/NZTopoMap/nz430/Motumaoho/|title=Motumaoho, Waikato|website=NZ Topo Map|language=en|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> [[Fletcher Challenge#Subsidiary companies|Winstone Aggregates]] supplies road stone.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nzta.govt.nz/assets/resources/sealing-chip/docs/suppliers-of-surfacing-aggregate-polished-stone-values.pdf|title=Suppliers of Surfacing Aggregate|last=|first=|date=2004|website=NZTA|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> The quarry contains the [[List of index fossils|index fossil]], minotis, dating from the middle [[Jurassic]], [[Norian]] age.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Speden|first=Ian G.|date=January 1976|title=Fossil localities in Torlesse rocks of the North Island, New Zealand|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03036758.1976.10421467|journal=Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand|language=en|volume=6|issue=1|pages=73–91|doi=10.1080/03036758.1976.10421467|issn=0303-6758|via=}}</ref> The quarry was first developed for road stone by Piako County Council in 1924<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19240820.2.4|title=PIAKO COUNTY COUNCIL - WAIKATO TIMES|last=|first=|date=20 Aug 1924|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref> on land they leased.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19290618.2.97|title=PIAKO COUNTY. WAIKATO TIMES|last=|first=|date=18 June 1929|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref>
The only other significant remaining occupation is quarrying. At the end of Harbottle Road, on the slopes of the Pakaroa Range, about {{convert|4|km||abbr=on}} south of Motumaoho,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.topomap.co.nz/NZTopoMap/nz430/Motumaoho/|title=Motumaoho, Waikato|website=NZ Topo Map|language=en|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> [[Fletcher Challenge#Subsidiary companies|Winstone Aggregates]] supplies road stone.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nzta.govt.nz/assets/resources/sealing-chip/docs/suppliers-of-surfacing-aggregate-polished-stone-values.pdf|title=Suppliers of Surfacing Aggregate|date=2004|website=NZTA}}</ref> The quarry contains the [[List of index fossils|index fossil]], minotis, dating from the middle [[Jurassic]], [[Norian]] age.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Speden|first=Ian G.|date=January 1976|title=Fossil localities in Torlesse rocks of the North Island, New Zealand|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03036758.1976.10421467|journal=Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand|language=en|volume=6|issue=1|pages=73–91|doi=10.1080/03036758.1976.10421467|issn=0303-6758}}</ref> The quarry was first developed for road stone by Piako County Council in 1924<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19240820.2.4|title=PIAKO COUNTY COUNCIL - WAIKATO TIMES|date=20 Aug 1924|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref> on land they leased.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19290618.2.97|title=PIAKO COUNTY. WAIKATO TIMES|date=18 June 1929|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref>
[[File:1_October_1884_opening_timetable_of_Morrinsville_Railway.jpg|thumb|October 1884 opening timetable of Morrinsville Railway]]
[[File:1_October_1884_opening_timetable_of_Morrinsville_Railway.jpg|thumb|October 1884 opening timetable of Morrinsville Railway]]


Line 122: Line 108:


=== Road ===
=== Road ===
SH26 through the village was sealed in about 1929.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19290618.2.97|title=PIAKO COUNTY. WAIKATO TIMES|last=|first=|date=18 June 1929|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref> Traffic volumes have increased from 4,397 in 2008 to 4,812 in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.trafficcounts.co.nz/|title=Traffic Counts New Zealand - Abley|last=|first=|date=|website=www.trafficcounts.co.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref>
SH26 through the village was sealed in about 1929.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/WT19290618.2.97|title=PIAKO COUNTY. WAIKATO TIMES|date=18 June 1929|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref> Traffic volumes have increased from 4,397 in 2008 to 4,812 in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.trafficcounts.co.nz/|title=Traffic Counts New Zealand - Abley|website=www.trafficcounts.co.nz|access-date=2020-04-13}}</ref>


=== Railway ===
=== Railway ===
Motumaoho railway station was a [[Request stop|flag station]] on the [[East Coast Main Trunk]] line, about {{Convert|3|km||abbr=on}} north of the village.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mapspast.org.nz/?zoom=13&x=1817651&y=5827021&layerid=NZMS1%201959|title=Sheet: N56|last=|first=|date=1944|website=www.mapspast.org.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> It opened on 1 October 1884 and closed to passengers on 31 July 1967 and to goods on 27 May 1973.<ref name="SCOBLE">{{cite web|url=http://www.railheritage.org.nz/assets/dates_and_names.pdf|title=Names & Opening & Closing Dates of Railway Stations|last=Scoble|first=Juliet|date=2010|website=Rail Heritage Trust of New Zealand|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|accessdate=}}</ref> It had a goods shed and cattle yard,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nzrailwaysrollingstocklists.weebly.com/stations.html|title=Stations|website=NZR Rolling Stock Lists|language=en|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> the latter built after 1936.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/AS19361111.2.180|title=FARMERS' UNION. AUCKLAND STAR|last=|first=|date=11 Nov 1936|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> The line is on a rising gradient from Morrinsville.<ref>{{Citation|last=|first=|title=Headed into the late afternoon sun at Motumaoho|date=16 Aug 2016|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/semmytrailer/31331953515/|volume=|pages=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref>
Motumaoho railway station was a [[Request stop|flag station]] on the [[East Coast Main Trunk]] line, about {{Convert|3|km||abbr=on}} north of the village.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.mapspast.org.nz/?zoom=13&x=1817651&y=5827021&layerid=NZMS1%201959|title=Sheet: N56|date=1944|website=www.mapspast.org.nz|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> It opened on 1 October 1884.<ref name="SCOBLE" /> By 1896 it had a shelter shed, platform and a [[passing loop]] for 27 wagons. By 1899 there was also a [[George Troup (architect)#Standard station designs|4th class station building]] and urinals and in 1905 the loop was extended for 61 wagons. In 1912 Motumaoho became a [[Tyer's Electric Train Tablet#Tyer's tablet working in New Zealand|tablet]] station and [[Railways Department's Housing Scheme|Railway houses]] were built in 1920.<ref name=":2222">{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Stations|url=http://railheritage.org.nz/assets/Heritage_listings.pdf|url-status=|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-08-10|website=NZR Rolling Stock Lists|language=en}}</ref> It had a goods shed and cattle yard,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://nzrailwaysrollingstocklists.weebly.com/stations.html|title=Stations|website=NZR Rolling Stock Lists|language=en|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> the latter built after 1936.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/AS19361111.2.180|title=FARMERS' UNION. AUCKLAND STAR|date=11 Nov 1936|website=paperspast.natlib.govt.nz|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> Motumaoho closed to passengers on 31 July 1967 and to goods on 27 May 1973.<ref name="SCOBLE">{{cite web|url=http://www.railheritage.org.nz/assets/dates_and_names.pdf|title=Names & Opening & Closing Dates of Railway Stations|last=Scoble|first=Juliet|date=2010|website=Rail Heritage Trust of New Zealand|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180124135845/http://railheritage.org.nz/assets/Dates_and_names.pdf|archive-date=2018-01-24}}</ref> The line is on a rising gradient from Morrinsville.<ref>{{Citation|title=Headed into the late afternoon sun at Motumaoho|date=16 Aug 2016|url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/semmytrailer/31331953515/|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref>
{{Historical Rail Start}}
{{Historical Rail Start}}
{{rail line|previous=[[Eureka, New Zealand|Eureka]]<br /><small>Line open, station closed</small>|next=[[Morrinsville#Railway|Morrinsville]]<br /><small>Line open, station closed</small>|route=[[East Coast Main Trunk]]<br><small>[[New Zealand Railways Department]]</small>|col=}}
{{rail line|previous=[[Eureka, New Zealand#Railway station|Eureka]]<br /><small>Line open, station closed</small>|next=[[Morrinsville#Railway|Morrinsville]]<br /><small>Line open, station closed</small>|route=[[East Coast Main Trunk]]<br><small>[[New Zealand Railways Department]]</small>|col=}}
{{end box}}
{{end box}}


==== Incidents ====
==== Incidents ====
On 6 August 1959 [[Leslie George Kelly]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jps.auckland.ac.nz/document//Volume_68_1959/Volume_68,_No._2/Leslie_G._Kelly_-_Te_Putu,_p_57-60/p1|title=Journal of the Polynesian Society: Leslie G. Kelly - Te Putu, P 57-60|website=www.jps.auckland.ac.nz|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> an engine driver and Māori author, was killed in a head-on collision at Motumaoho.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://natlib.govt.nz/records/201730|title=LESLIE GEORGE KELLY - (Te Ao Hou - No. 29 December 1959)|last=Department|first=Maori Affairs|date=1959-12-01|website=Te Ao Hou - No. 29 (December 1959)|language=en|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> A wagon fell on the train crew after they'd jumped from their east-bound train.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=|first=|date=6 Aug 1959|title=Fatal rail smash at Motumaoho|url=|journal=Waikato Times|volume=|pages=|via=}}</ref>
On 6 August 1959 [[Leslie George Kelly]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.jps.auckland.ac.nz/document//Volume_68_1959/Volume_68,_No._2/Leslie_G._Kelly_-_Te_Putu,_p_57-60/p1|title=Journal of the Polynesian Society: Leslie G. Kelly - Te Putu, P 57-60|website=www.jps.auckland.ac.nz|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> an engine driver and Māori author, was killed in a head-on collision at Motumaoho.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://natlib.govt.nz/records/201730|title=LESLIE GEORGE KELLY - (Te Ao Hou - No. 29 December 1959)|last=Department|first=Maori Affairs|date=1959-12-01|website=Te Ao Hou - No. 29 (December 1959)|language=en|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> A wagon fell on the train crew after they'd jumped from their east-bound train.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=6 Aug 1959|title=Fatal rail smash at Motumaoho|journal=Waikato Times}}</ref>


=== Buses ===
=== Buses ===
Local buses run to Morrinsville, [[Hamilton, New Zealand|Hamilton]] and, once a day to [[Paeroa]] via [[Te Aroha]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://busit.co.nz/regional-services/morrinsvillepaeroa/|title=22 Morrinsville/Paeroa|last=|first=|date=|website=busit.co.nz|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref>
Local buses run to Morrinsville, [[Hamilton, New Zealand|Hamilton]] and, once a day to [[Paeroa]] via [[Te Aroha]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://busit.co.nz/regional-services/morrinsvillepaeroa/|title=22 Morrinsville/Paeroa|website=busit.co.nz|access-date=2020-04-12}}</ref>


=== Pipeline ===
=== Pipeline ===
A [[First Gas]] pumping station<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/@-37.6882098,175.4722949,3a,15y,30.43h,87.58t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sUTR2RfC8uhjEEDnHSgIwtw!2e0!7i16384!8i8192|title=Kurunui Rd|last=|first=|date=|website=Google Maps|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> on Kurunui Rd is at the junction of pipelines<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mpdc.govt.nz/pdf/CouncilDocuments/Plans/DistrictPlan/ProposedPlanChanges/PPC53/Motumaoho.pdf|title=Motumaoho District Plan map|last=|first=|date=11 Oct 2019|website=Matamata-Piako District Council|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref> linking the [[Maui gas field|Māui]] pipeline at [[Te Kowhai]] with [[Cambridge, New Zealand|Cambridge]] and [[Waitoa]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://firstgas.co.nz/wp-content/uploads/CC_Thresholds_Map.pdf|title=Thresholds map|last=|first=|date=|website=First Gas|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>
A [[First Gas]] pumping station<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/@-37.6882098,175.4722949,3a,15y,30.43h,87.58t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sUTR2RfC8uhjEEDnHSgIwtw!2e0!7i16384!8i8192|title=Kurunui Rd|website=Google Maps|language=en|access-date=2020-04-11}}</ref> on Kurunui Rd is at the junction of pipelines<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|url=https://www.mpdc.govt.nz/pdf/CouncilDocuments/Plans/DistrictPlan/ProposedPlanChanges/PPC53/Motumaoho.pdf|title=Motumaoho District Plan map|date=11 Oct 2019|website=Matamata-Piako District Council}}</ref> linking the [[Maui gas field|Māui]] pipeline at [[Te Kowhai]] with [[Cambridge, New Zealand|Cambridge]] and [[Waitoa]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://firstgas.co.nz/wp-content/uploads/CC_Thresholds_Map.pdf|title=Thresholds map|website=First Gas}}</ref>


== Notable people ==
== Notable people ==
[[Joan Hart]], sprinter at the 1950 British Empire Games
*[[Joan Hart]], sprinter at the 1950 British Empire Games

== See also ==
⚫
{{Geographic Location|title='''Neighbouring areas'''|noicon=yes|width=auto|Northwest=[[Whitikahu]]|North=[[Mangateparu]]|Northeast=[[Morrinsville]]|West=[[Gordonton, New Zealand|Gordonton]]|Centre=Motumaoho|East=[[Rukumoana Marae]]|South=[[Tauwhare]]|Southeast=[[Kiwitahi]]|Southwest=[[Eureka, New Zealand|Eureka]]}}


== References ==
== References ==
Line 149: Line 132:


== External links ==
== External links ==
[http://ketenewplymouth.peoplesnetworknz.info/en/waikato_hauraki_dairy_factories/images/show/20112-norfolk-co-op-motumaoho?view_size=large 2014 photo of dairy factory]
*[http://ketenewplymouth.peoplesnetworknz.info/en/waikato_hauraki_dairy_factories/images/show/20112-norfolk-co-op-motumaoho?view_size=large 2014 photo of dairy factory]


⚫
{{Geographic Location|title=Neighbouring areas|Northwest=[[Whitikahu]]|North=[[Mangateparu]]|Northeast=[[Morrinsville]]|West=[[Gordonton, New Zealand|Gordonton]]|Centre=Motumaoho|East=[[Rukumoana Marae]]|South=[[Tauwhare]]|Southeast=[[Kiwitahi]]|Southwest=[[Eureka, New Zealand|Eureka]]}}
{{Matamata-Piako District}}


[[Category:Populated places in Waikato]]
[[Category:Populated places in Waikato]]

Latest revision as of 06:39, 25 October 2024

Motumaoho
Motumaoho on 22 Jan 1968
Motumaoho on 22 Jan 1968
Map
Coordinates: 37°41′29″S 175°28′15″E / 37.691264°S 175.470972°E / -37.691264; 175.470972
CountryNew Zealand
RegionWaikato
DistrictMatamata-Piako District
WardMorrinsville Ward
Electorates
Government
 • Territorial AuthorityMatamata-Piako District Council
 • Regional councilWaikato Regional Council
Area
[1]
 • Total
15.62 km2 (6.03 sq mi)
Population
 (2018 Census)[2]
 • Total
183
 • Density12/km2 (30/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+12 (NZST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+13 (NZDT)
Postcode
3372
Area code07

Motumaoho is a small village in the Waikato region of New Zealand's North Island, just to the west of the Pakaroa Range. It is on SH26, 25 km (16 mi) east of Hamilton[3] and 7 km (4.3 mi) west of Morrinsville.[4] The village is bordered by the Waitakaruru Stream to the east.[5] Motumaoho can be translated as an intruding clump of trees.[6]

It once had a cheese factory, post office, railway station and garage,[7] but now has only greenhouses, a school and houses.[8] A hall was open at least from 1917[9] to 1928.[10]

History

[edit]

The area was sparsely occupied by Ngāti Werewere of Ngāti Hauā.[11] The nearest known archaeological site[12] is just over the confiscation line and county boundary, about 5km towards Eureka, where a ringditch pā, Mangao Tupua, is on a small knoll at the foot of the Pakaroa Range.[13]

Some early European traders are believed to have traversed the district prior to 1834, when the missionary, John Morgan, travelled up the Piako River and crossed to Horotiu. The 1860s saw an influx of European settlers to the area and, on 13 December 1873, a settler from Auckland, Thomas Morrin, purchased Kuranui No.1 Block.[14] In May 1874, he bought two further blocks, Motumaoho No.1 and No.2, and hired Irish navvies from the gold fields to dig a network of ditches to drain the land, enabling it to be used for agriculture.[15] In 1873 Motumaoho was described as being near Hangawera, a hill over 10km to the north, there being no other settlements in the area.[16]

The other large holding in the area was Norfolk Downs. That estate was divided into smaller farms about 1911, after which there was some growth in the population.[17]

Motumaoho Swamp

[edit]

A 1963 study found much of the vegetation on Motumaoho swamp, to the north of the railway, remained as it had when it built up the peat bogs over about 13,000 years, the two dominant species being giant wire rush and wire rush.[18] However, since then, additional drains have been put in and, by 1998, Valentine Rd had been extended across the area.[19] The study also looked at Moanatuatua swamp, which became a scientific reserve in 1980.[20] Floods still occur.[21]

Cheese factory

[edit]

The centre of the village is dominated by the former cheese factory. A New Zealand Dairy Association dairy was built in 1910.[22] The cheese factory was described as new in 1912, saying the Waikato Dairy Association's offer to build and run it was accepted.[23] However, in 1929 the cheese factory had on its wall - Norfolk Coop Dairy Co estd. 1916.[24] The Norfolk Co-operative Dairy Company was formed in 1915,[25] with 22 suppliers.[26] Electric power was connected in 1923, when a new factory was approved.[17] It was working by 1924.[27] Norfolk Co-operative Dairy Company, Limited merged into Morrinsville Co-operative Dairy Company, Limited in 1946.[28] The factory closed in 1983.[29] The derelict building remains and, between 2010[30] and 2014, a rusting Bedford OB bus was parked beside it.[31]

Flax

[edit]

In 1926 Palmerston North-based flax miller, Fred Seifert,[32] formed a company to develop[33] 4,000 acres (1,600 ha) of former dairy and scrubland north of Motumaoho. He hoped to build a mill in 1929,[34] but an old flax mill was demolished in 1928[10] and a shareholders tour in 1929[35] failed to raise capital, so no more was heard of the prothe eastect.[36]

Soap

[edit]

In 1921 soap was being made from tallow.[37]

Demographics

[edit]

By 1891 41 people were living in Motumaoho[38] and, though the 1896 census recorded only 7,[39] 215 were in the 1916 census.[40]

Motumaoho is in an SA1 statistical area which covers 15.62 km2 (6.03 sq mi).[1] The SA1 area is part of the larger Tahuroa statistical area.

Historical population of Motumaoho and surrounds
YearPop.±% p.a.
2006192—    
2013174−1.40%
2018183+1.01%
Source: [2]

The SA1 area had a population of 183 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 9 people (5.2%) since the 2013 census, and a decrease of 9 people (−4.7%) since the 2006 census. There were 69 households, comprising 96 males and 90 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.07 males per female. The median age was 36.1 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 42 people (23.0%) aged under 15 years, 36 (19.7%) aged 15 to 29, 87 (47.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 18 (9.8%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 90.2% European/Pākehā, 8.2% Māori, 1.6% Pacific peoples, and 3.3% Asian. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 57.4% had no religion, 29.5% were Christian, and 1.6% were Buddhist.

Of those at least 15 years old, 27 (19.1%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 27 (19.1%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $43,500, compared with $31,800 nationally. 33 people (23.4%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 87 (61.7%) people were employed full-time, 18 (12.8%) were part-time, and 6 (4.3%) were unemployed.[2]

Tahuroa statistical area

[edit]

Tahuroa statistical area, which surrounds Morrinsville on the north, west and south, covers 179.33 km2 (69.24 sq mi)[1] and had an estimated population of 1,740 as of June 2024,[41] with a population density of 9.7 people per km2.

Historical population for Tahuroa statistical area
YearPop.±% p.a.
20061,581—    
20131,695+1.00%
20181,794+1.14%
Source: [42]

Before the 2023 census, the statistical area had a larger boundary, covering 181.87 km2 (70.22 sq mi).[1] Using that boundary, Tahuroa statistical area had a population of 1,794 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 99 people (5.8%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 213 people (13.5%) since the 2006 census. There were 624 households, comprising 918 males and 873 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.05 males per female. The median age was 37.1 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 396 people (22.1%) aged under 15 years, 357 (19.9%) aged 15 to 29, 819 (45.7%) aged 30 to 64, and 222 (12.4%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 87.5% European/Pākehā, 12.0% Māori, 1.8% Pacific peoples, 4.0% Asian, and 1.7% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 11.0, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 51.3% had no religion, 37.8% were Christian, 0.3% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.3% were Hindu, 0.5% were Buddhist and 1.8% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 210 (15.0%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 267 (19.1%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $40,100, compared with $31,800 nationally. 285 people (20.4%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 807 (57.7%) people were employed full-time, 234 (16.7%) were part-time, and 42 (3.0%) were unemployed.[42]

Education

[edit]

Motumaoho School is on SH26.[43] It had a roll of 30 as of August 2024,[44][45] and has 3 teachers.[46] In 1923 it had 70 children.[47]

A request for a school was made in Parliament in 1910[48] and a one roomed school opened in 1912. In 1969 it was replaced by a school with a small library and a staff-room transported from Ohautira. Later changes added a library, which had been the Post Office, and a front deck.[29]

Commerce

[edit]

Agriculture, at 56.9%, was the main occupation in 2013 in Tahuroa census area (to the west of Morrinsville, including Motumaoho).[49]

Quarry

[edit]

The only other significant remaining occupation is quarrying. At the end of Harbottle Road, on the slopes of the Pakaroa Range, about 4 km (2.5 mi) south of Motumaoho,[50] Winstone Aggregates supplies road stone.[51] The quarry contains the index fossil, minotis, dating from the middle Jurassic, Norian age.[52] The quarry was first developed for road stone by Piako County Council in 1924[53] on land they leased.[54]

October 1884 opening timetable of Morrinsville Railway

Transport

[edit]

Road

[edit]

SH26 through the village was sealed in about 1929.[55] Traffic volumes have increased from 4,397 in 2008 to 4,812 in 2015.[56]

Railway

[edit]

Motumaoho railway station was a flag station on the East Coast Main Trunk line, about 3 km (1.9 mi) north of the village.[57] It opened on 1 October 1884.[58] By 1896 it had a shelter shed, platform and a passing loop for 27 wagons. By 1899 there was also a 4th class station building and urinals and in 1905 the loop was extended for 61 wagons. In 1912 Motumaoho became a tablet station and Railway houses were built in 1920.[59] It had a goods shed and cattle yard,[60] the latter built after 1936.[61] Motumaoho closed to passengers on 31 July 1967 and to goods on 27 May 1973.[58] The line is on a rising gradient from Morrinsville.[62]

Preceding station Historical railways Following station
Eureka
Line open, station closed 		  East Coast Main Trunk
New Zealand Railways Department 		  Morrinsville
Line open, station closed

Incidents

[edit]

On 6 August 1959 Leslie George Kelly,[63] an engine driver and Māori author, was killed in a head-on collision at Motumaoho.[64] A wagon fell on the train crew after they'd jumped from their east-bound train.[65]

Buses

[edit]

Local buses run to Morrinsville, Hamilton and, once a day to Paeroa via Te Aroha.[66]

Pipeline

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A First Gas pumping station[67] on Kurunui Rd is at the junction of pipelines[8] linking the Māui pipeline at Te Kowhai with Cambridge and Waitoa.[68]

Notable people

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  • Joan Hart, sprinter at the 1950 British Empire Games

References

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  42. ^ a b "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. Tahuroa (173800). 2018 Census place summary: Tahuroa
  43. ^ Education Counts: Motumaoho School
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  46. ^ "Our Staff". Motumaoho School. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
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  62. ^ Headed into the late afternoon sun at Motumaoho, 16 August 2016, retrieved 11 April 2020
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  67. ^ "Kurunui Rd". Google Maps. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  68. ^ "Thresholds map" (PDF). First Gas.
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