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Coordinates: 4°38′N 75°29′W / 4.633°N 75.483°W / 4.633; -75.483
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{{Short description|Valley in Quindío, Colombia}}
{{for|the Romanian commune|Cocora, Ialomiţa}}
{{for|the Romanian commune|Cocora, Ialomiţa}}
<!-- The following few lines create the "Infobox" table template.
<!-- The following few lines create the "Infobox" table template.
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| iucn_category =
| iucn_category =
| photo = File:Valle del cocora - general view.jpg
| photo = File:Valle del cocora - general view.jpg
| photo_caption = View of Valle del Cocora with mountains and clouds
| photo_caption = View of Valle de Cocora with mountains and clouds
| location = [[Quindío]]
| location = [[Quindío]]
| nearest_city = [[Salento, Quindío|Salento]]
| nearest_city = [[Salento, Quindío|Salento]]
| coordinates = {{coords|4|55|N|76|2|W|display=inline, title}}
| coordinates = {{coords|4|38|N|75|29|W|display=inline, title}}
| established = September 1985
| established = September 1985
| visitation_num = 150,000{{Citation needed|reason=please give a reliable source for this number.|date=April 2011}}
| visitation_num = 150,000{{Citation needed|reason=please give a reliable source for this number.|date=April 2011}}
| visitation_year = a recent year
| visitation_year =
| governing_body = Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia}}
| governing_body = Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia}}
<!-- End Infobox template table -->
<!-- End Infobox template table -->


The '''Cocora valley''' ({{lang-es|Valle del Cocora}}) is a [[valley]] in the [[Departments of Colombia|department]] of [[Quindío]] in the country of [[Colombia]]. It is located in the [[Cordillera Central (Colombia)|Central Cordillera]] of the [[Andean]] mountains. "Cocora" was the name of a [[Quimbaya civilization|Quimbayan]] princess, daughter of the local chief Acaime, and means "star of water" ({{lang-es|estrella de agua}}).
The '''Cocora Valley''' ({{langx|es|Valle de Cocora}}) is a valley in the [[Quindío Department]] of Colombia. It is located in the [[Cordillera Central (Colombia)|Central Cordillera]] of the [[Andean]] mountains. "Cocora" was the name of a [[Quimbaya civilization|Quimbayan]] princess, daughter of the local chief Acaime, and means "star of water" ({{langx|es|estrella de agua}}).


The valley is part of the [[Los Nevados National Natural Park]], incorporated into the existing national park by the Colombian government in 1985. It is the main location where the national tree of Colombia, the Quindío wax palm (''[[Ceroxylon quindiuense]]'') can be found, as well as a wide variety of other flora and fauna (some endangered), all of which are protected under the park's national status.
The valley is part of the [[Los Nevados National Natural Park]], incorporated into the existing national park by the Colombian government in 1985. It is the main location where the national tree of Colombia, the Quindío wax palm (''[[Ceroxylon quindiuense]]'') can be found, as well as a wide variety of other flora and fauna (some endangered), all of which are protected under the park's national status.


== Location ==
== Location ==
The Cocora valley is located on the upper reaches of the [[Quindío River]], the main river of the namesake department, located at an altitude between 1800 and 2400 meters. The valley is approximately 24&nbsp;km north-east of the departmental capital [[Armenia, Colombia|Armenia]], and accessed via a junction from the Armenia-[[Pereira, Risaralda|Pereira]] highway, running via Boquia to the town of [[Salento, Quindío|Salento]]. Vehicles (either private cars or jeep taxis from Salento) can then travel 11&nbsp;km further on up into the valley as far as "Cocora", a collection of campsites and restaurants - other parts of the valley can only be accessed either by hiking on the numerous trails or on horseback.
The Cocora Valley is located on the upper reaches of the [[Quindío River]], the main river of the namesake department, located at an altitude between 1800 and 2400 meters. The valley is approximately 24&nbsp;km north-east of the departmental capital [[Armenia, Colombia|Armenia]], and accessed via a junction from the Armenia-[[Pereira, Risaralda|Pereira]] highway, running via Boquia to the town of [[Salento, Quindío|Salento]]. Vehicles (either private cars or jeep taxis from Salento) can then travel 11&nbsp;km further on up into the valley as far as "Cocora", a collection of campsites and restaurants - other parts of the valley can only be accessed either by hiking on the numerous trails or horseback.


The Cocora valley is part of a larger national park, the [[Los Nevados National Natural Park]] ({{lang-es|Parque Nacional Natural de Los Nevados}}). The park covers an area of 58,000 hectares (580&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>) in total,<ref>[http://www.parquesnacionales.gov.co/PNN/portel/libreria/php/decide.php?patron=01.02020802 "Parque Nacionales Natural de Los Nevados" page on Parque Nacionales Naturales de Colombia official website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315224325/http://www.parquesnacionales.gov.co/PNN/portel/libreria/php/decide.php?patron=01.02020802 |date=2012-03-15 }}</ref> including the north-eastern part of Quindío.
The Cocora Valley is part of a larger national park, the [[Los Nevados National Natural Park]] ({{langx|es|Parque Nacional Natural de Los Nevados}}). The park covers an area of 58,000 hectares (580&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>) in total,<ref>[http://www.parquesnacionales.gov.co/PNN/portel/libreria/php/decide.php?patron=01.02020802 "Parque Nacionales Natural de Los Nevados" page on Parque Nacionales Naturales de Colombia official website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315224325/http://www.parquesnacionales.gov.co/PNN/portel/libreria/php/decide.php?patron=01.02020802 |date=2012-03-15 }}</ref> including the north-eastern part of Quindío.


==History of the valley's protection==
==History of the valley's protection==
To prevent exploitation of the wax palm and the threat against the endemic species dependent on the palm, mainly due to the celebrations of [[Palm Sunday]], the government of [[Belisario Betancur]] proposed the creation of a wildlife sanctuary and the preservation of the wax palm as the national symbol of Colombia. Law 61 of 1985 was ratified on 16 September 1985<ref>[http://www.alcaldiabogota.gov.co/sisjur/normas/Norma1.jsp?i=273 Decree-Law 61 of 1985] (in Spanish)</ref> with the following terms:
To prevent the exploitation of the wax palm and the threat against the endemic species dependent on the palm, mainly due to the celebrations of [[Palm Sunday]], the government of [[Belisario Betancur]] proposed the creation of a wildlife sanctuary and the preservation of the wax palm as the national symbol of Colombia. Law 61 of 1985 was ratified on 16 September 1985<ref>[http://www.alcaldiabogota.gov.co/sisjur/normas/Norma1.jsp?i=273 Decree-Law 61 of 1985] (in Spanish)</ref> with the following terms:


* "1. The species with the scientific name ''ceroxylon quindiuense'' and commonly known as the wax palm is declared to be the national tree and symbol of Colombia."
* "1. The species with the scientific name ''ceroxylon quindiuense,'' commonly known as the wax palm is declared to be the national tree and symbol of Colombia."
* "2. In strict accordance with the plans and development programmes the National Government is authorized carry out the corresponding financial transactions, to obtain loans, and to sign the necessary contracts, for the purpose of acquiring land in the Central Cordillera which is not owned by the nation, to create one or more national parks or wildlife sanctuaries with the purpose of preserving this national symbol and maintaining its natural environment."
* "2. In strict accordance with the plans and development programmes the National Government is authorized to carry out the corresponding financial transactions, obtain loans, and sign the necessary contracts, for the purpose of acquiring land in the Central Cordillera which is not owned by the nation, to create one or more national parks or wildlife sanctuaries with the purpose of preserving this national symbol and maintaining its natural environment."
* "3. The felling of the wax palm tree is forbidden and punishable with a fine, which may be converted into arrest in the municipality where the infraction was committed, in accordance with the Decree-Law 2811 of 1974."
* "3. The felling of the wax palm tree is forbidden and punishable with a fine, which may be converted into arrest in the municipality where the infraction was committed, in accordance with the Decree-Law 2811 of 1974."
* "4. This Law takes effect from the date of its sanction."
* "4. This Law takes effect from the date of its sanction."
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== Gallery ==
== Gallery ==
<gallery>
<gallery>
File:Valle de Cocora, Colombia 06.jpg|Valle de Cócora - General View
File:Valle de Cocora, Colombia 06.jpg|Valle de Cocora - General View
File:Valle del cocora - wax palm 01.jpg|Wax palms
File:Valle del cocora - wax palm 01.jpg|Wax palms
File:Valle de Cocora, Colombia 03.jpg|Hill with Wax Palms in Valle de Cócora
File:Valle de Cocora, Colombia 03.jpg|Hill with Wax Palms in Valle de Cocora
File:Valle de Cocora, Colombia 07.jpg|Valle de Cócora
File:Valle de Cocora, Colombia 07.jpg|Valle de Cocora
</gallery>
</gallery>


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=== Flora ===
=== Flora ===
* ''pino romeron'' (''Dissocarpus rospigliosi'')
* ''pino romeron'' (''Dissocarpus rospigliosi'')
* ''sietecueros'' (''[[Tibouchina lepidota]]'')
* ''sietecueros'' (''[[Andesanthus lepidotus]]'', syn. ''Tibouchina lepidota'')
* [[encenillo]] (''Weinmannia tormentosa'')
* [[encenillo]] (''Weinmannia tormentosa'')
* [[arnica]]
* [[arnica]]
Line 149: Line 150:
The Cocora valley is a very popular tourist destination in Colombia. The majority of visitors make day visits from [[Salento, Quindío|Salento]], or come for the extensive [[camping]] and [[hiking]] opportunities in the valley and the national park. Other common activities are [[bird watching]], [[mountain biking]], [[horse riding]], [[rafting]], scenic flights, and swimming in the rivers. The local restaurants specialize in cooking locally farmed freshwater [[trout]] in several ways, mainly baked and served in a variety of sauces with ''[[tostones|patacones]]'' ([[plantain (cooking)|plantain]] fritters).
The Cocora valley is a very popular tourist destination in Colombia. The majority of visitors make day visits from [[Salento, Quindío|Salento]], or come for the extensive [[camping]] and [[hiking]] opportunities in the valley and the national park. Other common activities are [[bird watching]], [[mountain biking]], [[horse riding]], [[rafting]], scenic flights, and swimming in the rivers. The local restaurants specialize in cooking locally farmed freshwater [[trout]] in several ways, mainly baked and served in a variety of sauces with ''[[tostones|patacones]]'' ([[plantain (cooking)|plantain]] fritters).


{{wide image|Valle del cocorá.jpg|800px|align-cap=center|Panoramic view of Cocorá Valley}}
{{wide image|Valle del cocorá.jpg|800px|align-cap=center|Panoramic view of Cocora Valley}}


== References ==
== References ==
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{{Wikivoyage|Valle de Cocora|Cocora Valley}}
{{Wikivoyage|Valle de Cocora|Cocora Valley}}
{{Commons category|Valle de Cocora}}
{{Commons category|Valle de Cocora}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PAEXqDNtgto Video of the Hike with downloadable GPS Track] and tips on how to avoid crowds in the very busy tourist area.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110707053719/http://www.parquesnacionales.gov.co/PNN/portel/libreria/php/decide.php?patron=01.020208 "Parques Nacionales Natural de Los Nevados" pages on Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia] website (in Spanish and English)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110707053719/http://www.parquesnacionales.gov.co/PNN/portel/libreria/php/decide.php?patron=01.020208 "Parques Nacionales Natural de Los Nevados" pages on Parques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia] website (in Spanish and English)


Latest revision as of 10:37, 25 October 2024

For the Romanian commune, see Cocora, Ialomiţa.
Cocora Valley
View of Valle de Cocora with mountains and clouds
Map
LocationQuindío
Nearest citySalento
Coordinates4°38′N 75°29′W / 4.633°N 75.483°W / 4.633; -75.483
EstablishedSeptember 1985
Visitors150,000[citation needed]
Governing bodyParques Nacionales Naturales de Colombia

The Cocora Valley (Spanish: Valle de Cocora) is a valley in the Quindío Department of Colombia. It is located in the Central Cordillera of the Andean mountains. "Cocora" was the name of a Quimbayan princess, daughter of the local chief Acaime, and means "star of water" (Spanish: estrella de agua).

The valley is part of the Los Nevados National Natural Park, incorporated into the existing national park by the Colombian government in 1985. It is the main location where the national tree of Colombia, the Quindío wax palm (Ceroxylon quindiuense) can be found, as well as a wide variety of other flora and fauna (some endangered), all of which are protected under the park's national status.

Location

[edit]

The Cocora Valley is located on the upper reaches of the Quindío River, the main river of the namesake department, located at an altitude between 1800 and 2400 meters. The valley is approximately 24 km north-east of the departmental capital Armenia, and accessed via a junction from the Armenia-Pereira highway, running via Boquia to the town of Salento. Vehicles (either private cars or jeep taxis from Salento) can then travel 11 km further on up into the valley as far as "Cocora", a collection of campsites and restaurants - other parts of the valley can only be accessed either by hiking on the numerous trails or horseback.

The Cocora Valley is part of a larger national park, the Los Nevados National Natural Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Natural de Los Nevados). The park covers an area of 58,000 hectares (580 km2) in total,[1] including the north-eastern part of Quindío.

History of the valley's protection

[edit]

To prevent the exploitation of the wax palm and the threat against the endemic species dependent on the palm, mainly due to the celebrations of Palm Sunday, the government of Belisario Betancur proposed the creation of a wildlife sanctuary and the preservation of the wax palm as the national symbol of Colombia. Law 61 of 1985 was ratified on 16 September 1985[2] with the following terms:

  • "1. The species with the scientific name ceroxylon quindiuense, commonly known as the wax palm is declared to be the national tree and symbol of Colombia."
  • "2. In strict accordance with the plans and development programmes the National Government is authorized to carry out the corresponding financial transactions, obtain loans, and sign the necessary contracts, for the purpose of acquiring land in the Central Cordillera which is not owned by the nation, to create one or more national parks or wildlife sanctuaries with the purpose of preserving this national symbol and maintaining its natural environment."
  • "3. The felling of the wax palm tree is forbidden and punishable with a fine, which may be converted into arrest in the municipality where the infraction was committed, in accordance with the Decree-Law 2811 of 1974."
  • "4. This Law takes effect from the date of its sanction."
Wax palms in Cocora Valley

Climate

[edit]

The Cocora valley is characterized by its temperate weather, due to its altitude. The prevailing westerly winds from the Pacific Ocean are stopped by the Andean mountains, creating a humid environment favorable to the growth of cloud forest at higher altitudes: rain falls almost daily. Temperatures vary dramatically, even within one day. The average annual temperature is 15 °C (59 °F), with a maximum of 25 °C (77 °F) and a minimum of 12 °C (54 °F).

Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as subtropical highland (Cfb).[3]

[edit]
  • Valle de Cocora - General View
    Valle de Cocora - General View
  • Wax palms
    Wax palms
  • Hill with Wax Palms in Valle de Cocora
    Hill with Wax Palms in Valle de Cocora
  • Valle de Cocora
    Valle de Cocora
Climate data for =Cocora
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 19.3
(66.7) 		19.4
(66.9) 		19.3
(66.7) 		18.8
(65.8) 		18.9
(66.0) 		18.7
(65.7) 		19.3
(66.7) 		19.1
(66.4) 		19
(66) 		18.1
(64.6) 		18.4
(65.1) 		18.8
(65.8) 		18.9
(66.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) 14.4
(57.9) 		14.6
(58.3) 		14.7
(58.5) 		14.55
(58.19) 		14.8
(58.6) 		14.5
(58.1) 		14.6
(58.3) 		14.6
(58.3) 		14.4
(57.9) 		13.9
(57.0) 		14.1
(57.4) 		14.2
(57.6) 		14.45
(58.01)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 9.6
(49.3) 		9.9
(49.8) 		10.2
(50.4) 		10.2
(50.4) 		10.7
(51.3) 		10.3
(50.5) 		9.9
(49.8) 		10.1
(50.2) 		9.9
(49.8) 		9.8
(49.6) 		9.8
(49.6) 		9.6
(49.3) 		10.0
(50.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 116
(4.6) 		131
(5.2) 		170
(6.7) 		231
(9.1) 		217
(8.5) 		136
(5.4) 		95
(3.7) 		99
(3.9) 		142
(5.6) 		279
(11.0) 		245
(9.6) 		151
(5.9) 		2,012
(79.2)
Source: Climate-Data.org (altitude: 2387m)[3]

Flora and fauna

[edit]

The valley is the location of the majority of the remaining populations of the wax palm (Ceroxylon quindiuense). Other flora and fauna that may be found in the valley include

Flora

[edit]

Fauna

[edit]

3 km north-east of "Cocora" up a dirt track is the finca "La Montaña" where there is a nursery for the wax palm.[4]

5 km east of "Cocora" along a trail that may be accessed on foot or on horseback is the Acaime Natural Reserve. The reserve contains 6 to 8 species of hummingbirds as well as other birds and wildlife, as well as a visitor center and restaurant.[4]

Tourism

[edit]

The Cocora valley is a very popular tourist destination in Colombia. The majority of visitors make day visits from Salento, or come for the extensive camping and hiking opportunities in the valley and the national park. Other common activities are bird watching, mountain biking, horse riding, rafting, scenic flights, and swimming in the rivers. The local restaurants specialize in cooking locally farmed freshwater trout in several ways, mainly baked and served in a variety of sauces with patacones (plantain fritters).

Panoramic view of Cocora Valley

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Parque Nacionales Natural de Los Nevados" page on Parque Nacionales Naturales de Colombia official website Archived 2012-03-15 at the Wayback Machine
  2. ^ Decree-Law 61 of 1985 (in Spanish)
  3. ^ a b "Climate: Cocora - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 2014-02-09.
  4. ^ a b Devereaux, Charlie (Jan 2009). Colombia Handbook (3rd ed.). Bath: Footprint Handbooks Limited. p. 266. ISBN 978-1-906098-22-3.
[edit]
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Cocora Valley.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Valle de Cocora.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Cocora_Valley&oldid=1253316282"