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Tel Abib (Hebrew: תל אביב, Tel Aviv, "the hill of Spring", from Akkadian Tel Abûbi, "The Tel of the flood") is an unidentified tell ("hill city") on the Kebar Canal, near Nippur in what is now Iraq. Tel Abib is mentioned by Ezekiel in Ezekiel 3:15:

Then I came to them of the captivity at Tel Abib, that lived by the river Chebar, and to where they lived; and I sat there overwhelmed among them seven days.

Location

The Kebar or Chebar Canal (or River) is the setting of several important scenes of the Book of Ezekiel, including the opening verses. The book refers to this river eight times in total.^[1]

Some older biblical commentaries identified the Chebar with the Khabur River in what is now Syria. The Khabur is mentioned in 1 Chronicles 5:26 as the "Habor". However, more recent scholarship is agreed that the location of the Kebar Canal is near Nippur in Iraq.

The ka-ba-ru waterway (Akkadian) is mentioned among the 5th century BCE Murashu archives from Nippur.^[2] It was part of a complex network of irrigation and transport canals which also included the Shatt el-Nil, a silted up canal toward the east of Babylon.^[3]^[4]

It is not to be confused with the Kebar River in Iran, site of Kebar Dam, the oldest surviving arch dam.

Legacy

Nahum Sokolow adopted the biblical place-name as the title for his Hebrew translation of Theodor Herzl's 1902 novel Altneuland ("Old New Land"), basing it on archaeologists' use of Arabic "tel" extracted from placenames to mean = "accumulated mound of debris" for "old", and "spring" (season) for "new", "renewal". Menachem Shenkin picked its name to mean a new Jewish village near Jaffa, which grew into the modern Israeli city of Tel Aviv. The Hebrew letter ב without dagesh represents a sound like [v], but older English translations of the Bible traditionally transcribe it as "b".

References

^ Ezekiel 1:1, Ezekiel 1:3, Ezekiel 3:15, Ezekiel 3:15, Ezekiel 3:23, Ezekiel 10:15, Ezekiel 10:20, Ezekiel 10:22, and Ezekiel 43:3. Reference
^ Thompson, Henry O. (1992). "Chebar," in Anchor Bible Dictionary. Vol. 1. Doubleday. p. 893. ISBN 0-385-19351-3.
^ Allen, Leslie C. (1994). Word Bible Commentary: Ezekiel 1–19. Dallas: Word, Incorporated. p. 22. ISBN 0-8499-0830-2.
^ Block, Daniel I. (1997). NICOT: The Book of Ezekiel: Chapters 1–24. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans. p. 84. ISBN 0802825354.

[1] Ezekiel 1:1, Ezekiel 1:3, Ezekiel 3:15, Ezekiel 3:15, Ezekiel 3:23, Ezekiel 10:15, Ezekiel 10:20, Ezekiel 10:22, and Ezekiel 43:3. Reference

[2] Thompson, Henry O. (1992). "Chebar," in Anchor Bible Dictionary. Vol. 1. Doubleday. p. 893. ISBN 0-385-19351-3.

[3] Allen, Leslie C. (1994). Word Bible Commentary: Ezekiel 1–19. Dallas: Word, Incorporated. p. 22. ISBN 0-8499-0830-2.

[4] Block, Daniel I. (1997). NICOT: The Book of Ezekiel: Chapters 1–24. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans. p. 84. ISBN 0802825354.

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+{{Short description|Ancient city mentioned in The book of Ezekiel}}
-{{redirect|Kebar River|the river in Iran|Kebar Dam}}
+__NOTOC__
-'''Tel Abib''' ({{lang-he|תל-אביב}}, ''Tel Aviv''; lit. "Spring Mound", where Spring ''([[Aviv]])'' is the season) is an unidentified place on the Kebar Canal, near [[Nippur]] in what is now Iraq. Tel Abib is mentioned in {{bibleverse||Ezekiel|3:15|HE}}:
+{{redirect|Kebar River|the river in Iran|Kebar Dam|the modern-day city in Israel|Tel Aviv}}
+'''Tel Abib''' ({{langx|he|תל אביב}}, ''Tel Aviv'', "the hill of Spring", from [[Akkadian language|Akkadian]] ''Tel Abûbi'', "The Tel of the flood") is an unidentified [[Tell (archaeology)|tell]] ("hill city") on the '''Kebar Canal''', near [[Nippur]] in what is now Iraq. Tel Abib is mentioned by [[Ezekiel]] in [[Ezekiel 3:15]]:
-{{quote|Then I came to them of the captivity at Tel Abib, that lived by the river Chebar, and to where they lived; and I sat there overwhelmed among them seven days.<!--<ref>[[Book of Ezekiel]] 3:15</ref>-->}}
+{{quote|Then I came to them of the captivity at Tel Abib, that lived by the river Chebar, and to where they lived; and I sat there overwhelmed among them seven days.}}
-The biblical place name was adopted by [[Nahum Sokolow]] as the title for his Hebrew translation of [[Theodor Herzl]]'s [[The Old New Land|Altneuland]] ("Old New Land"). It later gave its name to the modern [[Israel]]i city of [[Tel Aviv]]; the Hebrew letter ב without [[dagesh]] represents a sound like [v] but is traditionally transcribed 'b' in English translations of the Bible.
 ==Location==
-The Kebar or Chebar Canal (or River) is the setting of several important scenes of the [[book of Ezekiel]] in the Hebrew Bible, including the opening verse: "Now it came about in the thirtieth year, on the fifth day of the fourth month, while I was by the river Chebar among the exiles, the heavens were opened and I saw visions of God". (New American Standard Bible) [[Ezekiel]] references this river eight times in total ([[Ezekiel 1:1|1:1]][[Ezekiel 1:3|,3]]; [[Ezekiel 3:15]][[Ezekiel 3:23|, 23]]; [[Ezekiel 10:15|10:15]][[Ezekiel 10:20|, 20]][[Ezekiel 10:22|, 22]]; and [[Ezekiel 43:3|43:3]]).
+The Kebar or Chebar Canal (or River) is the setting of several important scenes of the [[Book of Ezekiel]], including the [[Ezekiel 1#Superscription (1:1-3)|opening verses]]. The book refers to this river eight times in total.<ref>{{bibleverse||Ezekiel|1:1|HE}}, {{bibleverse||Ezekiel|1:3|HE}}, {{bibleverse||Ezekiel|3:15|HE}}, {{bibleverse||Ezekiel|3:15|HE}}, {{bibleverse||Ezekiel|3:23|HE}}, {{bibleverse||Ezekiel|10:15|HE}}, {{bibleverse||Ezekiel|10:20|HE}}, {{bibleverse||Ezekiel|10:22|HE}}, and {{bibleverse||Ezekiel|43:3|HE}}. [http://mg.alhatorah.org/Concordance/3529 Reference]</ref>
-Some old commentaries identified the Chebar with the [[Khabur (Euphrates)|Khabur River]] in what is now [[Syria]]. The Khabur is mentioned in {{bibleref2|1 Chronicles|5:26|KJV}} as the "Habor".
+Some older [[biblical commentaries]] identified the Chebar with the [[Khabur (Euphrates)|Khabur River]] in what is now [[Syria]]. The Khabur is mentioned in {{bibleref2|1 Chronicles|5:26|KJV}} as the "Habor". However, more recent scholarship is agreed that the location of the Kebar Canal is near [[Nippur]] in Iraq.
+The ''ka-ba-ru'' waterway ([[Akkadian language|Akkadian]]) is mentioned among the 5th century BCE [[Murashu family|Murashu]] archives from Nippur.<ref>{{cite book|last=Thompson|first=Henry O.|title="Chebar," in [[Anchor Bible Series|Anchor Bible Dictionary]]|year=1992|publisher=Doubleday|volume=1|isbn=0-385-19351-3|page=893}}</ref> It was part of a complex network of [[Irrigation canal|irrigation]] and transport canals which also included the [[Shatt en-Nil|Shatt el-Nil]], a silted up canal toward the east of Babylon.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Allen|first1=Leslie C.|title=Word Bible Commentary: Ezekiel 1–19|date=1994|publisher=Word, Incorporated|location=Dallas|isbn=0-8499-0830-2|page=22}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Block|first1=Daniel I.|title=[[New International Commentary on the Old Testament|NICOT]]: The Book of Ezekiel: Chapters 1–24|date=1997|publisher=Eerdmans|location=Grand Rapids, Michigan|isbn=0802825354|page=84}}</ref>
-However, more recent scholarship is agreed that the location of the Kebar Canal is near [[Nippur]] in Iraq.
-The ''ka-ba-ru'' waterway ([[Akkadian]]) is mentioned among the 5th century BCE [[Murashu family|Murashu]] archives from Nippur.<ref>{{cite book|last=Thompson|first=Henry O.|title="Chebar," in [[Anchor Bible Series|Anchor Bible Dictionary]]|year=1992|publisher=Doubleday|location=Vol 1|isbn=0-385-19351-3|page=893}}</ref>
-It was part of a complex network of irrigation and transport canals that also included the Shatt el-Nil, a silted up canal toward the east of Babylon.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Allen|first1=Leslie C.|title=Word Bible Commentary: Ezekiel 1–19|date=1994|publisher=Word, Incorporated|location=Dallas|isbn=0-8499-0830-2|page=22}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Block|first1=Daniel I.|title=[[New International Commentary on the Old Testament|NICOT]]: The Book of Ezekiel: Chapters 1–24|date=1997|publisher=Eerdmans|location=Grand Rapids, Michigan|isbn=0802825354|page=84}}</ref>
 It is not to be confused with the Kebar River in Iran, site of [[Kebar Dam]], the oldest surviving arch dam.
+==Legacy==
+[[Nahum Sokolow]] adopted the biblical place-name as the title for his Hebrew translation of [[Theodor Herzl]]'s 1902 novel [[The Old New Land|''Altneuland'']] ("Old New Land"), basing it on archaeologists' use of  Arabic "tel" extracted from placenames to mean = "accumulated mound of debris" for "old", and "spring" (season) for "new", "renewal". Menachem Shenkin picked its name to mean a new Jewish village near [[Jaffa]], which grew into the modern [[Israel]]i city of [[Tel Aviv]]. The [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]] letter ב without [[dagesh]] represents a sound like [v], but older English translations of the [[Bible]] traditionally transcribe it as "b".
+==See also==
+* [[Book of Ezekiel]]
+* [[Tell (archaeology)]]
 ==References==
 {{Reflist}}
-[[Category:Biblical places]]
+[[Category:Hebrew Bible places]]
 [[Category:Book of Ezekiel]]
+[[Category:Tells (archaeology)]]
+[[Category:History of Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate]]
+[[Category:Archaeological sites in Iraq]]
+[[Category:History of Tel Aviv]]