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{{Short description|Castle in the town of Saumur}}
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[[File:Château de Saumur 2008 PD 10.JPG|thumb|300px|The Château de Saumur.]]
{{Infobox Military Structure
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Located in the [[France|French]] town of [[Saumur]], in the [[Maine-et-Loire]] département, the '''Château de Saumur''' was originally constructed in the 10th century<ref>([http://perso.orange.fr/saumur-jadis/lieux/chateau.htm])</ref> by [[Theobald I, Count of Blois]], as a fortified stronghold against [[Normans|Norman]] predations. It overlooks the confluence of the [[Loire River|Loire]] and the [[Thouet]]. In 1026 it came into the hands of [[Fulk III of Anjou|Fulk Nerra, count of Anjou]], who bequeathed it to his [[Plantagenet]] heirs. Following its destruction in 1067, the [[château]] was rebuilt by [[Henry II of England]] in the later 12th century.
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|name=Château de Saumur
|location=[[Saumur]], [[France]]
|coordinates=
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|image=Château de Saumur 2008 PD 10.JPG
|image_size=300px
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|caption=The Château de Saumur
|map_type=
|map_size=
|type=Castle
|built=10th century
|builder=
|controlledby=
|materials=
|height=
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|condition=
|ownership=
|open_to_public=
}}

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The '''Château de Saumur''', originally built as a [[castle]] and later developed as a ''[[château]]'', is located in the [[France|French]] town of [[Saumur]], in the [[Maine-et-Loire]] ''[[Departments of France|département]]''. It was originally constructed in the 10th century<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://saumur-jadis.pagesperso-orange.fr/lieux/chateau.htm|title=CHÂTEAU|website=saumur-jadis.pagesperso-orange.fr|access-date=2019-06-24}}</ref> by [[Theobald I, Count of Blois]], as a fortified stronghold against [[Normans|Norman]] attacks. It overlooks the confluence of the rivers [[Loire]] and [[Thouet]]. In 1026 it came into the hands of [[Fulk III of Anjou|Fulk Nerra, count of Anjou]], who bequeathed it to his [[Plantagenet]] heirs. Following its destruction in 1067, the [[castle]] was rebuilt by [[Henry II of England]] in the later 12th century.


==History==
==History==
[[Image:Les Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry septembre.jpg|thumb|left|Château de Saumur as pictured in [[Les Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry]]]]
[[Image:149-Saumur.JPG|thumb|235px|right|The château at Saumur]]
In the early part of the 13th century, [[Philip II of France]] made Saumur part of his [[Crown lands of France|royal domain]]. The page for September in the [[Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry]] depicts the Chateau as it looked in 1410. It changed hands several times until 1589 when the Protestant [[Henry IV of France|King Henri IV (of France and Navarre)]] gave the castle to [[Philippe de Mornay|Duplessis-Mornay]].
In 1203, [[Philip II of France]] made Saumur part of his [[Crown lands of France|royal domain]], and seized the castle. He [[Buttress|buttressed]] the castle for further security. The castle became an official royal residence shortly thereafter, and [[Louis IX of France|Louis IX]], the resident in 1227, built upon the fortress.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Litoux |first=Emmanuel |title=Le château de Saumur |date=2017 |publisher=la Geste angevine |isbn=978-2-36746-709-2 |series=Je découvre |location=La Crèche |pages=8}}</ref> In the 1360s, [[Louis I of Anjou]] would later replace the round towers of the castle with octangonal towers, which still exist in the château's current form.


The page for September in the [[Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry]] depicts the Château as it looked in 1410. It states that [[René of Anjou]] lived there until his death in 1480. The castle changed hands several times until 1589 when the Protestant [[Henry IV of France|King Henry IV (of France and Navarre)]] gave the castle to [[Philippe de Mornay|Duplessis-Mornay]].
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In 1621 the castle was converted into an army barracks. Nearly two centuries later it was converted into a state prison under [[Napoleon Bonaparte]].


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In 1621 the castle was converted into an army barracks. Nearly two centuries later it was converted into a state prison under [[Napoleon Bonaparte]].
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In the first part of the 20th century, the city of Saumur acquired the castle and began a restoration program to house the museum of the decorative arts. In line with the Saumur area's equestrian tradition and its famous "[[Cadre Noir]]", the castle also serves as a Museum of the Horse. The castle has a dungeon and watchtower, and houses the ''Musée de la Figurine-Jouet'', a collection of very old toys and [[figurine]]s of soldiers, kings of France, and clowns.

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In the first part of the 20th century, the city of Saumur acquired the castle and began a restoration program to house the museum of the decorative arts. In line with the Saumur area's equestrian tradition and its famous "[[Cadre Noir]]", the castle also serves as a Museum of the Horse. The castle has a dungeon and watchtower, and houses the ''Musée de la Figurine-Jouet'', a collection of very old toys and [[figurine]]s of soldiers, kings of France, and clowns.
[[File:Château de Saumur 2008 PD 14.JPG|thumb|250px]]
[[File:Château de Saumur 2008 PD 14.JPG|thumb|250px]]
The Château de Saumur has been listed as a ''[[monument historique]]'' by the [[French Ministry of Culture]] since 1862.<ref>{{Base Mérimée|PA00109307|Château de Saumur}}</ref>
The Château de Saumur has been listed as a ''[[monument historique]]'' by the [[French Ministry of Culture]] since 1862. As of 2008, there are a total of 46 buildings and structures in Saumur which are designated a Monument Historique - see the French national database Mérimée [http://www.culture.gouv.fr/culture/inventai/patrimoine/]. Most of the monuments are built in the lovely soft local stone known as [[tuffeau]]. Amongst the most important monuments are the great Château de Saumur itself which stands high overlooking the town, and the nearby Château de Beaulieu which stands just 200 metres from the south bank of the Loire river; designed by the renowned architect Jean Drapeau, it is recognised for its light and elegant architecture. Amongst the other Monuments Historiques are the church of Saint-Pierre in the Place St Pierre in the centre of Saumur, and the Château de Briacé which is located on the north side of the river. The architecture of Saumur is very well described in the book: Saumur - Promenade D'architectures, by Marie Jane Durand, and published by the Tourism Office of Saumur.

In 1906, the town purchased the castle from the state government, and turned it into a museum. The castle suffered damages during WWII shelling, and was restored by 1997.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Great Castles - Château de Saumur |url=https://great-castles.com/saumur.html |access-date=2023-06-14 |website=great-castles.com}}</ref>

On 22 April 2001, part of the northern rampart collapsed and damaged the area below. The basement below the castle was stabilized during rebuilding, and the rampart's reconstruction was completed in 2007.<ref>{{Cite web |title=History de la Château de Saumur |url=https://www.chateau-saumur.fr/en/discover/history |access-date=2023-06-14 |website=www.chateau-saumur.fr}}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
*[[List of castles in France]]
*[[List of castles in France]]


==Notes==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{commonscat|Château de Saumur}}
{{commons category|Château de Saumur}}
* [http://www.ot-saumur.fr/CHATEAU-DE-SAUMUR_a722.html Visiting information] (French)
*[http://www.culture.gouv.fr/public/mistral/merimee_fr?ACTION=RETROUVER&FIELD_1=INSEE&VALUE_1=49328&NUMBER=24&GRP=0&REQ=%28%2849328%29%20%3aINSEE%20%29&USRNAME=nobody&USRPWD=4%24%2534P&SPEC=9&SYN=1&IMLY=&MAX1=1&MAX2=100&MAX3=100&DOM=Tous Ministry of Culture database entry for Château de Saumur] {{fr icon}}
*{{Base Mérimée|PA00109307|Château de Saumur}}
*[http://www.culture.gouv.fr/public/mistral/merimee_fr?ACTION=RETROUVER&FIELD_1=cmer1&VALUE_1=saumur&FIELD_2=cmer4&VALUE_2=chateau&FIELD_3=cmer5&VALUE_3=&FIELD_4=AUTR&VALUE_4=&FIELD_5=cmer2&VALUE_5=&FIELD_6=titre&VALUE_6=&FIELD_7=date%20protection&VALUE_7=&FIELD_8=DOSURLP&VALUE_8=%20&NUMBER=2&GRP=0&REQ=%28%28saumur%29%20%3aLOCA%2cPLOC%2cINSEE%20%20ET%20%20%28%28chateau%29%20%3aDENO%2cPARN%2cREMA%2cACTU%2cPDEN%2cMHPP%20%29%29&USRNAME=nobody&USRPWD=4%24%2534P&SPEC=9&SYN=1&IMLY=&MAX1=1&MAX2=100&MAX3=100&DOM=Tous Ministry of Culture database entry for Château de Beaulieu] {{fr icon}}
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*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/89297978@N00/sets/72157594515487122/ Photos of Château Château de Saumur and other Loire castles]
*[http://www.culture.gouv.fr/public/mistral/memoire_fr?ACTION=CHERCHER&FIELD_5=LBASE&VALUE_5=PA00109307 Ministry of Culture photos]
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*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/89297978@N00/sets/72157594515487122/ Photos of Château Château de Saumur and other Loire castles]
*http://perso.orange.fr/saumur-jadis/lieux/chateau.htm
*http://perso.orange.fr/saumur-jadis/lieux/chateau.htm


{{Loire}}
{{Loire}}
{{Authority control}}

{{coord|47|15|22|N|0|04|21|W|region:FR-R_type:landmark|display=title}}
{{coord|47|15|22|N|0|04|21|W|region:FR-R_type:landmark|display=title}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Saumur, Chateau De}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Saumur, Chateau De}}
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Maine-et-Loire]]
[[Category:Castles in Pays de la Loire]]
[[Category:Official historical monuments of France]]
[[Category:Châteaux in Maine-et-Loire]]
[[Category:Historic house museums in Pays de la Loire]]

[[Category:Museums in Maine-et-Loire]]
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[[cs:Château de Saumur]]
[[Category:Monuments historiques of Maine-et-Loire]]
[[de:Schloss Saumur]]
[[es:Castillo de Saumur]]
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[[fr:Château de Saumur]]
[[ko:소뮈르 성]]
[[it:Castello di Saumur]]
[[nl:Kasteel van Saumur]]
[[pl:Zamek w Saumur]]
[[pt:Castelo de Saumur]]
[[ro:Castelul Saumur]]
[[ru:Сомюр (замок)]]
[[sk:Zámok Saumur]]

Latest revision as of 18:57, 25 October 2024

Château de Saumur
Saumur, France
The Château de Saumur
TypeCastle
Site history
Built10th century

The Château de Saumur, originally built as a castle and later developed as a château, is located in the French town of Saumur, in the Maine-et-Loire département. It was originally constructed in the 10th century[1] by Theobald I, Count of Blois, as a fortified stronghold against Norman attacks. It overlooks the confluence of the rivers Loire and Thouet. In 1026 it came into the hands of Fulk Nerra, count of Anjou, who bequeathed it to his Plantagenet heirs. Following its destruction in 1067, the castle was rebuilt by Henry II of England in the later 12th century.

History

[edit]
Château de Saumur as pictured in Les Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry

In 1203, Philip II of France made Saumur part of his royal domain, and seized the castle. He buttressed the castle for further security. The castle became an official royal residence shortly thereafter, and Louis IX, the resident in 1227, built upon the fortress.[2] In the 1360s, Louis I of Anjou would later replace the round towers of the castle with octangonal towers, which still exist in the château's current form.

The page for September in the Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry depicts the Château as it looked in 1410. It states that René of Anjou lived there until his death in 1480. The castle changed hands several times until 1589 when the Protestant King Henry IV (of France and Navarre) gave the castle to Duplessis-Mornay.

In 1621 the castle was converted into an army barracks. Nearly two centuries later it was converted into a state prison under Napoleon Bonaparte.

In the first part of the 20th century, the city of Saumur acquired the castle and began a restoration program to house the museum of the decorative arts. In line with the Saumur area's equestrian tradition and its famous "Cadre Noir", the castle also serves as a Museum of the Horse. The castle has a dungeon and watchtower, and houses the Musée de la Figurine-Jouet, a collection of very old toys and figurines of soldiers, kings of France, and clowns.

The Château de Saumur has been listed as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture since 1862.[3]

In 1906, the town purchased the castle from the state government, and turned it into a museum. The castle suffered damages during WWII shelling, and was restored by 1997.[4]

On 22 April 2001, part of the northern rampart collapsed and damaged the area below. The basement below the castle was stabilized during rebuilding, and the rampart's reconstruction was completed in 2007.[5]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "CHÂTEAU". saumur-jadis.pagesperso-orange.fr. Retrieved 2019-06-24.
  2. ^ Litoux, Emmanuel (2017). Le château de Saumur. Je découvre. La Crèche: la Geste angevine. p. 8. ISBN 978-2-36746-709-2.
  3. ^ Base Mérimée: Château de Saumur, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)
  4. ^ "Great Castles - Château de Saumur". great-castles.com. Retrieved 2023-06-14.
  5. ^ "History de la Château de Saumur". www.chateau-saumur.fr. Retrieved 2023-06-14.
[edit]
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47°15′22″N 0°04′21″W / 47.25611°N 0.07250°W / 47.25611; -0.07250

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