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I'm 100% certain that this is true based on my extensive knowledge of both the calendar and the Roman Catholic liturgical year.
 
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{{Short description|Christian liturgical period}}
[[File:135 funnekotter.jpg|thumb|Green is the liturgical colour of the Ordinary Time]]
[[File:135 funnekotter.jpg|thumb|Green is the liturgical colour of the Ordinary Time]]
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Liturgical year}}
{{Liturgical year}}
⚫
'''Ordinary Time''' ({{langx|la|Tempus per annum}}) is the part of the [[liturgical year]] in the [[liturgy]] of the [[Roman Rite]], which falls outside the two great seasons of [[Christmastide]] and [[Eastertide]], or their respective preparatory seasons of [[Advent]] and [[Lent]].<ref>[https://www.liturgyoffice.org.uk/Calendar/Info/GNLY.pdf Universal Norms on the Liturgical Year and the Calendar, 43] (PDF)</ref> Ordinary Time thus includes the days between Christmastide and Lent, and between Eastertide and Advent. The [[liturgical color]] assigned to Ordinary Time is [[green]]. The last Sunday of Ordinary Time is the [[Solemnity of Christ the King]].


⚫
The word "ordinary" as used here comes from the [[ordinal numeral]]s by which the weeks are identified or counted, from the 1st week of Ordinary Time in January to the 34th week that begins toward the end of November.<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.learnreligions.com/ordinary-time-in-the-catholic-church-542442|title=What Ordinary Time Means in the Catholic Church|year=2018|language=en|access-date=4 January 2020|quote=Ordinary Time is called "ordinary" not because it is common but simply because the weeks of Ordinary Time are numbered.}}</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=The reference could simply state opinion; there is no authoritative source cited|date=August 2022}}
⚫
'''Ordinary Time''' ({{lang-la|Tempus per annum}}) is the part of the [[liturgical year]] in the [[liturgy]] of the [[Roman Rite]], [[Mysterii Paschalis|as revised in 1969]], which falls outside the two great seasons of [[Christmastide]] and [[Eastertide]], or their respective preparatory seasons of [[Advent]] and [[Lent]].<ref>[https://www.liturgyoffice.org.uk/Calendar/Info/GNLY.pdf Universal Norms on the Liturgical Year and the Calendar, 43]</ref> Ordinary Time thus includes the days between Christmastide and Lent, and between Eastertide and Advent.The [[liturgical color]] assigned to Ordinary Time is [[green]]. The last Sunday of Ordinary Time is the [[Solemnity of Christ the King]].

⚫
The word "ordinary" as used here comes from the [[ordinal numeral]]s by which the weeks are identified or counted, from the 1st week of Ordinary Time in January to the 34th week that begins toward the end of November.<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.learnreligions.com/ordinary-time-in-the-catholic-church-542442|title=What Ordinary Time Means in the Catholic Church|year=2018|language=en|access-date=4 January 2020|quote=Ordinary Time is called "ordinary" not because it is common but simply because the weeks of Ordinary Time are numbered.}}</ref>


== Roman Rite ==
== Roman Rite ==
In the ordinary form of the [[Roman Rite]], the Feast of the [[Baptism of the Lord]], which ordinarily occurs on the Sunday after the [[Epiphany (holiday)|Solemnity of the Epiphany of the Lord]] (6 January),<ref>The Feast of the [[Baptism of the Lord]] ordinarily occurs on the Sunday after the [[Epiphany (holiday)|Solemnity of the Epiphany of the Lord]] (6 January) in places where the latter is a [[holy day of obligation]]; where it is not a holy day of obligation, it is celebrated on the Sunday after the [[Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God]] (1 January), and if this Sunday falls on 7 or 8 January, the Feast of the Baptism of the Lord is moved to the following day, the second Monday of the year.</ref> begins Ordinary Time and closes the Season of Christmas. The weekdays that follow the Feast of the Baptism of the Lord are reckoned as belonging to the first week of Ordinary Time which continues until the Tuesday that immediately precedes [[Ash Wednesday]].
In the ordinary form of the [[Roman Rite]], the last day of Christmas Time is the Sunday after the [[Epiphany (holiday)|Solemnity of the Epiphany]], or the Sunday after January 6 in places where Epiphany is moved to always occur on a Sunday. Ordinary Time begins the following Monday, and the weekdays that follow are reckoned as belonging to the first week of Ordinary Time. The [[Feast of the Baptism of the Lord]] is usually celebrated on the last day of Christmas Time, but if it is displaced to Monday due to Epiphany being celebrated on January 7 or 8, the Feast of the Baptism falls in Ordinary Time instead.<ref name="UNLY332">{{Cite web |title=''Universal Norms on the Liturgical Year'', 33 |url=http://www.liturgyoffice.org.uk/Calendar/Info/GNLY.pdf |access-date=June 18, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Lectionary: Movable Feasts during the Christmas Season |url=https://catholic-resources.org/Lectionary/Overview-Christmas.htm |access-date=2024-09-09 |website=catholic-resources.org}}</ref>


Because Ordinary Time begins on a Monday, there is no day called the "First Sunday in Ordinary Time". Instead, the lowest-numbered Sunday is called the Second Sunday in Ordinary Time. This block of Ordinary Time continues through the Tuesday that immediately precedes [[Ash Wednesday]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Sloun |first=Father Michael Van |date=2020-06-19 |title=Ordinary Time |url=https://thecatholicspirit.com/commentary/hotdish/ordinary-time/ |access-date=2024-09-10 |website=TheCatholicSpirit.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
After [[Eastertide]] the Ordinary Time resumes on the Monday after the Solemnity of [[Pentecost]]. In regional calendars where [[Whitmonday]] is a [[Day of Obligation]], Ordinary Time and the use of the liturgical colour Green may begin on the following Tuesday. Depending on where the first Sunday of Advent falls between 27 November and 3 December, the Ordinary Time may have 33 or 34 weeks.


Ordinary Time resumes on the Monday after the Solemnity of [[Pentecost]]. The two Sundays following Pentecost are the [[Trinity Sunday|Solemnity of the Most Holy Trinity]] and the [[Feast of Corpus Christi|Solemnity of the Most Holy Body and Blood of Christ]], which despite being part of Ordinary Time, are not numbered.<ref name=":0" /> In regional calendars where [[Whitmonday]] is a [[Day of Obligation]], Ordinary Time and the use of the liturgical colour Green may begin on the following Tuesday.
⚫
The decision to treat the whole of Ordinary Time as a unit led to abandonment of the previous terminology, whereby the Sundays of the first period were called Sundays after Epiphany and those of the second period Sundays after Pentecost.

The last day of Ordinary Time is the day before the [[First Sunday of Advent]]. The last Sunday of Ordinary Time is the [[Feast of Christ the King|Solemnity of Christ the King]], with the Sunday before that being the Thirty-Third Sunday in Ordinary Time, with the ordinal numbers counting backwards from that point.<ref name=":0" />

Due to the configuration of the calendar year, Ordinary Time may have a total of either 33 or 34 weeks. As a [[mnemonic]], if the First Sunday of Advent is in November, the previous liturgical year's Ordinary Time will have 33 weeks. If it falls on December 2 or 3, it will have 34 weeks. However, if it falls on December 1, the previous year's Ordinary Time will have 34 weeks only when it is a leap year.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gcatholic.org/calendar/2022/General-A-pt.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221009095525/http://www.gcatholic.org/calendar/2022/General-A-pt.htm |url-status=dead|title=Calendário Litúrgico: Calendário Romano Geral|archive-date=October 9, 2022}}</ref> In a year where Ordinary Time has 33 weeks, the omitted week is the one between the weeks immediately surrounding Lent and Easter Time, which varies with the [[date of Easter]]. This is because the weeks always count forward from the first week at the beginning of Ordinary Time, and separately backwards from the thirty-fourth week at the end of Ordinary Time.

⚫
The decision to treat the whole of Ordinary Time as a unit led to abandonment of the previous terminology, whereby the Sundays of the first period were called Sundays after Epiphany and those of the second period Sundays after Pentecost.


=== Solemnities, feasts and commemorations ===
=== Solemnities, feasts and commemorations ===
The celebration of an Ordinary Time weekday gives way to that of any [[solemnity]], feast, or obligatory [[memorial (liturgy)|memorial]] that falls on the same day, and may optionally be replaced by that of a non-obligatory memorial or of any saint mentioned in the [[Roman Martyrology]] for that day.
The celebration of an Ordinary Time weekday gives way to that of any [[solemnity]], feast, or obligatory [[memorial (liturgy)|memorial]] that falls on the same day, and may optionally be replaced by that of a non-obligatory memorial or of any saint mentioned in the [[Roman Martyrology]] for that day.


The solemnities, feasts, and commemorations of the [[General Roman Calendar]] which may, according to the [[Ranking of liturgical days in the Roman Rite]], replace a Sunday of the Ordinary time are:<ref>[https://www.liturgyoffice.org.uk/Calendar/Info/GNLY.pdf Universal Norms on the Liturgical Year and the General Roman Calendar: Table of liturgical days according to their order of precedence, p. 13]</ref>
The solemnities, feasts, and commemorations of the [[General Roman Calendar]] which may, according to the [[Ranking of liturgical days in the Roman Rite]], replace a Sunday of the Ordinary time are:<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.liturgyoffice.org.uk/Calendar/Info/GNLY.pdf|title=Universal Norms on the Liturgical Year and the General Roman Calendar: Table of liturgical days according to their order of precedence, p. 13}}</ref>
* [[Presentation of Jesus at the Temple|Feast of the Presentation of the Lord]] on 2 February
* [[Presentation of Jesus at the Temple|Feast of the Presentation of the Lord]] on 2 February
* [[Trinity Sunday|Solemnity of the Most Holy Trinity]] on the Sunday after Pentecost
* [[Trinity Sunday|Solemnity of the Most Holy Trinity]] on the Sunday after Pentecost
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* [[All Saints' Day|Solemnity of All Saints]] on 1 November
* [[All Saints' Day|Solemnity of All Saints]] on 1 November
* [[Commemoration of All the Faithful Departed]] on 2 November
* [[Commemoration of All the Faithful Departed]] on 2 November
* [[Basilica of St. John Lateran|Feast of the Dedication of the Basilica of Saint John Lateran in Rome]] on 9 November
* [[Basilica of St. John Lateran|Feast of the Dedication of the Basilica of Saint John Lateran in Rome]] on 9 November


The Universal Norms on the Liturgical Year and the General Roman Calendar also lists as [[Solemnity#Proper solemnities|proper solemnities]] (which outrank in the relevant church building or community Sundays in Ordinary Time):
The Universal Norms on the Liturgical Year and the General Roman Calendar also lists as [[Solemnity#Proper solemnities|proper solemnities]] (which outrank in the relevant church building or community Sundays in Ordinary Time):
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== Revised Common Lectionary usage ==
== Revised Common Lectionary usage ==


Following the lead of the liturgical reforms of the Roman Rite, many [[Protestant]] churches also adopted the concept of an ''Ordinary Time'' alongside the [[Revised Common Lectionary]], which applies the term to the period between Pentecost and Advent. However, use of the term is not common.
Following the lead of the liturgical reforms of the Roman Rite, many [[Protestant]] churches also adopted the concept of an ''Ordinary Time'' alongside the [[Revised Common Lectionary]], which applies the term to the period between Pentecost and Advent. However, use of the term is not common.


Those that have adopted the Revised Common Lectionary include churches of the [[Anglican Communion]], [[Methodist Church]]es, [[Lutheran Church]]es, [[Old Catholic Church]]es and [[Reformed Church]]es.<ref name="Holmes2012">{{cite book|last=Holmes|first=Stephen Mark|title=The Fathers on the Sunday Gospels|date=1 October 2012|publisher=Liturgical Press|language=en |isbn=9780814635100|page=22|quote=The ''Revised Common Lectionary'' has been subsequently adopted by many English-speaking Protestant denominations such as the Church of Scotland and various Lutheran and Reformed churches. It has also been adopted by some Old Catholic churches and is widely used throughout the Anglican Communion, for example by the Church of Ireland, the Scottish Episcopal Church, the Church in Wales, the Episcopal Church (USA) and the Anglican churches of Canada, Australia, Aotearoa/New Zealand and Polynesia, Melanesia, the West Indies, Central Africa, and Southern Africa. In the Church of England the two-year Sunday Lectionary of the ''Alternative Service Book 1980'' was replaced in 2000 by an adapted version of the ''Revised Common Lectionary'' in ''Common Worship''.}}</ref>
Those that have adopted the Revised Common Lectionary include churches of the [[Anglican]], [[Methodist]], [[Lutheran]], [[Old Catholic]] and [[Reformed Church|Reformed]] traditions.<ref name="Holmes2012">{{cite book|last=Holmes|first=Stephen Mark|title=The Fathers on the Sunday Gospels|date=1 October 2012|publisher=Liturgical Press|language=en |isbn=9780814635100|page=22|quote=The ''Revised Common Lectionary'' has been subsequently adopted by many English-speaking Protestant denominations such as the Church of Scotland and various Lutheran and Reformed churches. It has also been adopted by some Old Catholic churches and is widely used throughout the Anglican Communion, for example by the Church of Ireland, the Scottish Episcopal Church, the Church in Wales, the Episcopal Church (US) and the Anglican churches of Canada, Australia, Aotearoa/New Zealand and Polynesia, Melanesia, the West Indies, Central Africa, and Southern Africa. In the Church of England the two-year Sunday Lectionary of the ''Alternative Service Book 1980'' was replaced in 2000 by an adapted version of the ''Revised Common Lectionary'' in ''Common Worship''.}}</ref>


Some [[Protestant]] denominations set off a time at the end of Ordinary Time known as [[Kingdomtide]] or Season of End Times. This period can range anywhere from only the three Sundays prior to Christ the King (as in the Wisconsin Synod Lutheran) to 13 or 14 weeks (most notably in the [[United Methodist Church]]). The Church of England observes this time between All Saints and Advent Sunday.
Some [[Protestant]] denominations set off a time at the end of Ordinary Time known as [[Kingdomtide]] or Season of End Times. This period can range anywhere from only the three Sundays prior to Christ the King (as in the Wisconsin Synod Lutheran) to 13 or 14 weeks (most notably in the [[United Methodist Church]]). The Church of England observes this time between All Saints and Advent Sunday.


In some traditions, what in the Roman Rite is the first period of Ordinary Time is called [[Epiphanytide]] (beginning on [[Epiphany Day]] in the Anglican Communion and Methodist churches)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/christianity/holydays/epiphany.shtml|title=Epiphany|date=7 October 2011|publisher=[[BBC Online]]|language=en|access-date=5 June 2016|quote=For many Protestant church traditions, the season of Epiphany extends from 6 January until Ash Wednesday, which begins the season of Lent leading to Easter.}}</ref> and from Trinity Sunday to Advent is called Trinitytide.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Trinitytide|title=Trinitytide|date=5 June 2016|publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]]|language=en|access-date=5 June 2016|quote=Definition of Trinitytide: the season of the church year between Trinity Sunday and Advent}}</ref> In the Church of England, Sundays during "Ordinary Time" in this narrower sense are called "Sundays after Trinity", except the final four, which are termed "Sundays before Advent". In the [[Episcopal Church (United States)]], it is normal to refer to Sundays after Epiphany and Sundays after Pentecost (not Trinity).
In some traditions, what in the Roman Rite is the first period of Ordinary Time is called [[Epiphanytide]] (beginning on [[Epiphany Day]] in the Anglican Communion and Methodist churches)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/christianity/holydays/epiphany.shtml|title=Epiphany|date=7 October 2011|publisher=[[BBC Online]]|language=en|access-date=5 June 2016|quote=For many Protestant church traditions, the season of Epiphany extends from 6 January until Ash Wednesday, which begins the season of Lent leading to Easter.}}</ref> and from Trinity Sunday to Advent is called Trinitytide.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Trinitytide|title=Trinitytide|date=5 June 2016|publisher=[[Merriam-Webster]]|language=en|access-date=5 June 2016|quote=Definition of Trinitytide: the season of the church year between Trinity Sunday and Advent}}</ref> In the Church of England, Sundays during "Ordinary Time" in this narrower sense are called "Sundays after Trinity", except the final four, which are termed "Sundays before Advent". In the [[Episcopal Church (United States)]], it is normal to refer to Sundays after Epiphany and Sundays after Pentecost (not Trinity).


The total number of Sundays varies according to the date of Easter and can range anything from 18 to 23. When there are 23, the [[Collect]] and [[Post-Communion]] for the 22nd Sunday are taken from the provision for the Third Sunday before Lent.
The total number of Sundays varies according to the date of Easter and can range anything from 18 to 23. When there are 23, the [[Collect]] and [[Post-Communion]] for the 22nd Sunday are taken from the provision for the Third Sunday before Lent.

== See also ==
* [[Feria]]


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Liturgical year of the Catholic Church}}
{{Liturgical year of the Catholic Church}}
{{Epiphany|state=collapsed}}
{{Epiphany|state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Liturgical seasons]]
[[Category:Liturgical seasons]]

Latest revision as of 21:50, 25 October 2024

Green is the liturgical colour of the Ordinary Time

Liturgical seasons

Ordinary Time (Latin: Tempus per annum) is the part of the liturgical year in the liturgy of the Roman Rite, which falls outside the two great seasons of Christmastide and Eastertide, or their respective preparatory seasons of Advent and Lent.[1] Ordinary Time thus includes the days between Christmastide and Lent, and between Eastertide and Advent. The liturgical color assigned to Ordinary Time is green. The last Sunday of Ordinary Time is the Solemnity of Christ the King.

The word "ordinary" as used here comes from the ordinal numerals by which the weeks are identified or counted, from the 1st week of Ordinary Time in January to the 34th week that begins toward the end of November.[2][better source needed]

Roman Rite

[edit]

In the ordinary form of the Roman Rite, the last day of Christmas Time is the Sunday after the Solemnity of the Epiphany, or the Sunday after January 6 in places where Epiphany is moved to always occur on a Sunday. Ordinary Time begins the following Monday, and the weekdays that follow are reckoned as belonging to the first week of Ordinary Time. The Feast of the Baptism of the Lord is usually celebrated on the last day of Christmas Time, but if it is displaced to Monday due to Epiphany being celebrated on January 7 or 8, the Feast of the Baptism falls in Ordinary Time instead.[3][4]

Because Ordinary Time begins on a Monday, there is no day called the "First Sunday in Ordinary Time". Instead, the lowest-numbered Sunday is called the Second Sunday in Ordinary Time. This block of Ordinary Time continues through the Tuesday that immediately precedes Ash Wednesday.[5]

Ordinary Time resumes on the Monday after the Solemnity of Pentecost. The two Sundays following Pentecost are the Solemnity of the Most Holy Trinity and the Solemnity of the Most Holy Body and Blood of Christ, which despite being part of Ordinary Time, are not numbered.[5] In regional calendars where Whitmonday is a Day of Obligation, Ordinary Time and the use of the liturgical colour Green may begin on the following Tuesday.

The last day of Ordinary Time is the day before the First Sunday of Advent. The last Sunday of Ordinary Time is the Solemnity of Christ the King, with the Sunday before that being the Thirty-Third Sunday in Ordinary Time, with the ordinal numbers counting backwards from that point.[5]

Due to the configuration of the calendar year, Ordinary Time may have a total of either 33 or 34 weeks. As a mnemonic, if the First Sunday of Advent is in November, the previous liturgical year's Ordinary Time will have 33 weeks. If it falls on December 2 or 3, it will have 34 weeks. However, if it falls on December 1, the previous year's Ordinary Time will have 34 weeks only when it is a leap year.[6] In a year where Ordinary Time has 33 weeks, the omitted week is the one between the weeks immediately surrounding Lent and Easter Time, which varies with the date of Easter. This is because the weeks always count forward from the first week at the beginning of Ordinary Time, and separately backwards from the thirty-fourth week at the end of Ordinary Time.

The decision to treat the whole of Ordinary Time as a unit led to abandonment of the previous terminology, whereby the Sundays of the first period were called Sundays after Epiphany and those of the second period Sundays after Pentecost.

Solemnities, feasts and commemorations

[edit]

The celebration of an Ordinary Time weekday gives way to that of any solemnity, feast, or obligatory memorial that falls on the same day, and may optionally be replaced by that of a non-obligatory memorial or of any saint mentioned in the Roman Martyrology for that day.

The solemnities, feasts, and commemorations of the General Roman Calendar which may, according to the Ranking of liturgical days in the Roman Rite, replace a Sunday of the Ordinary time are:[7]

The Universal Norms on the Liturgical Year and the General Roman Calendar also lists as proper solemnities (which outrank in the relevant church building or community Sundays in Ordinary Time):

  • The Solemnity of the principal patron of the place, city, or state
  • The Solemnity of the dedication and the anniversary of the dedication of one's own church
  • The Solemnity of the title of one's own church
  • The Solemnity either of the title or of the founder or of the principal Patron of an Order or Congregation.

Revised Common Lectionary usage

[edit]

Following the lead of the liturgical reforms of the Roman Rite, many Protestant churches also adopted the concept of an Ordinary Time alongside the Revised Common Lectionary, which applies the term to the period between Pentecost and Advent. However, use of the term is not common.

Those that have adopted the Revised Common Lectionary include churches of the Anglican, Methodist, Lutheran, Old Catholic and Reformed traditions.[8]

Some Protestant denominations set off a time at the end of Ordinary Time known as Kingdomtide or Season of End Times. This period can range anywhere from only the three Sundays prior to Christ the King (as in the Wisconsin Synod Lutheran) to 13 or 14 weeks (most notably in the United Methodist Church). The Church of England observes this time between All Saints and Advent Sunday.

In some traditions, what in the Roman Rite is the first period of Ordinary Time is called Epiphanytide (beginning on Epiphany Day in the Anglican Communion and Methodist churches)[9] and from Trinity Sunday to Advent is called Trinitytide.[10] In the Church of England, Sundays during "Ordinary Time" in this narrower sense are called "Sundays after Trinity", except the final four, which are termed "Sundays before Advent". In the Episcopal Church (United States), it is normal to refer to Sundays after Epiphany and Sundays after Pentecost (not Trinity).

The total number of Sundays varies according to the date of Easter and can range anything from 18 to 23. When there are 23, the Collect and Post-Communion for the 22nd Sunday are taken from the provision for the Third Sunday before Lent.

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Universal Norms on the Liturgical Year and the Calendar, 43 (PDF)
  2. ^ What Ordinary Time Means in the Catholic Church, 2018, retrieved 4 January 2020, Ordinary Time is called "ordinary" not because it is common but simply because the weeks of Ordinary Time are numbered.
  3. ^ "Universal Norms on the Liturgical Year, 33" (PDF). Retrieved 18 June 2018.
  4. ^ "Lectionary: Movable Feasts during the Christmas Season". catholic-resources.org. Retrieved 9 September 2024.
  5. ^ a b c Sloun, Father Michael Van (19 June 2020). "Ordinary Time". TheCatholicSpirit.com. Retrieved 10 September 2024.
  6. ^ "Calendário Litúrgico: Calendário Romano Geral". Archived from the original on 9 October 2022.
  7. ^ "Universal Norms on the Liturgical Year and the General Roman Calendar: Table of liturgical days according to their order of precedence, p. 13" (PDF).
  8. ^ Holmes, Stephen Mark (1 October 2012). The Fathers on the Sunday Gospels. Liturgical Press. p. 22. ISBN 9780814635100. The Revised Common Lectionary has been subsequently adopted by many English-speaking Protestant denominations such as the Church of Scotland and various Lutheran and Reformed churches. It has also been adopted by some Old Catholic churches and is widely used throughout the Anglican Communion, for example by the Church of Ireland, the Scottish Episcopal Church, the Church in Wales, the Episcopal Church (US) and the Anglican churches of Canada, Australia, Aotearoa/New Zealand and Polynesia, Melanesia, the West Indies, Central Africa, and Southern Africa. In the Church of England the two-year Sunday Lectionary of the Alternative Service Book 1980 was replaced in 2000 by an adapted version of the Revised Common Lectionary in Common Worship.
  9. ^ "Epiphany". BBC Online. 7 October 2011. Retrieved 5 June 2016. For many Protestant church traditions, the season of Epiphany extends from 6 January until Ash Wednesday, which begins the season of Lent leading to Easter.
  10. ^ "Trinitytide". Merriam-Webster. 5 June 2016. Retrieved 5 June 2016. Definition of Trinitytide: the season of the church year between Trinity Sunday and Advent
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