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{{Short description|British flying ace (1893–1985)}}
<!-- This article is a part of [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Aircraft]] and [[Wikipedia:WikiProject Biography/Military]]. -->
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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox military person
{{Infobox military person
| name =Campbell Alexander Hoy
| name = Campbell Alexander Hoy
| image =
| image =
| caption =
| caption =
| birth_date = <!-- {{Birth date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->13 February 1893
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1893|2|13}}
| death_date = <!-- {{Death date and age|df=yes|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} -->9 March 1985 (aged 92)
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1985|3|9|1893|2|13}}
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| birth_place = [[South Shields]], Durham, England
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| death_place = Surrey, England
| placeofburial_label =
| placeofburial_label =
| placeofburial =
| placeofburial =
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| birth_place =[[South Shields]], Durham, England
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| death_place =Surrey, England
| placeofburial_coordinates = <!-- {{Coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->
| placeofburial_coordinates = <!-- {{Coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} -->
| nickname =
| nickname =
| allegiance =England
| allegiance = England
| branch =Aviation
| branch = [[Royal Flying Corps]]<br>[[Royal Air Force]]
| serviceyears =1914 - 1946
| serviceyears = 1914 - 1946
| rank =Lieutenant
| rank = [[Group Captain]]
| unit =[[No. 20 Squadron RAF]]
| unit = [[No. 20 Squadron RAF]]
| commands =
| commands =
| battles =
| battles =
| awards =[[Military Cross]]
| awards = [[Military Cross]]
| relations =
| relations =
| laterwork =Served through the end of World War II
| laterwork =
}}
}}
Group Captain '''Campbell Alexander Hoy''' (13 February 1893 – 9 March 1985)<ref name=r2 /> began his military career as a [[flying ace]] during World War I, with eleven aerial victories. He served through the end of World War II.<ref name="theaerodrome.com">http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/england/hoy1.php Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref>
Group Captain '''Campbell Alexander Hoy''' (13 February 1893 – 9 March 1985) was a British [[flying ace]] during the [[World War I|First World War]], credited with eleven aerial victories. He remained in the [[Royal Air Force]] post-war and served through the end of the [[World War II|Second World War]].<ref name="theaerodrome">{{cite web |url=http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/england/hoy1.php |title=Campbell Alexander Hoy |work=The Aerodrome |year=2015 |accessdate=3 April 2015}}</ref>


==Early life==
==Early life==
Campbell Alexander Hoy was born to Henry Hoy,<ref name=r2>http://www.croker-goddard.org.uk/grix/b14.htm Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref> a chemist,<ref name="croker-goddard.org.uk">http://www.croker-goddard.org.uk/grix/sources.htm#58 Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref> and Margaret Anne Reid in [[Newbiggin-by-the-Sea]].<ref name="croker-goddard.org.uk"/> He was living there in Campbell House during 1901. He attended Armstrong College at the [[University of Durham]] from 1913 onwards.<ref name="r2"/> On 15 January 1915, Cadet Lance Corporal Campbell Alexander Hoy from the Durham University Contingent of Officers Training Corps was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant in the [[Northern Cyclist Battalion]].<ref>(''Supplement to the London Gazette'', 14 January 1915) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/29040/supplements/477 Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref>
Campbell Alexander Hoy was born to Henry Hoy,<ref name=r2>{{cite web |url= http://www.croker-goddard.org.uk/grix/b14.htm |title=Sixth Generation: Miss Ena Olive BALL |work=croker-goddard.org.uk |year=2013 |accessdate=3 April 2015}}</ref> a chemist,<ref name="croker-goddard">{{cite web |url= http://www.croker-goddard.org.uk/grix/sources.htm#58 |title=Sources |work=croker-goddard.org.uk |year=2013 |accessdate=3 April 2015}}</ref> and Margaret Anne Reid, in [[Newbiggin-by-the-Sea]].<ref name="croker-goddard"/> He was living there in Campbell House during 1901. He attended [[Armstrong College, Newcastle]], then a part of the [[University of Durham]], from 1913 onwards.<ref name="r2"/> On 15 January 1915, Cadet Lance-Corporal Hoy from the Durham University Contingent of the [[Officers Training Corps]] was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the [[Northern Cyclist Battalion]].<ref>{{London Gazette |supp=y |date=14 January 1915 |issue=29040 |page=477}}</ref>


==Aerial service in World War I==
==Aerial service in the First World War==
{{See also|Aerial victory standards of World War I}}
[[File:Royal Aircraft Factory FE2d gunner.jpg|thumb|An observer (back to camera) in a Royal Aircraft Factory FE2d demonstrates defence against rear attacks.]]
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On 16 May 1917, he was seconded to the [[Royal Flying Corps]] (RFC) as a [[air observer|flying officer (observer)]].<ref>{{London Gazette |supp=y |date=6 July 1917 |issue=30170 |page=6779 |nolink=yes}}</ref> Both he and his pilot were injured when their aircraft, [[Royal Aircraft Factory FE.2]]d s/n A6366, was shot down by German ace [[August Hanko (military personnel)|August Hanko]] of ''[[Jagdstaffel 28]]'' on 25 May 1917.<ref>Guttman & Dempsey (2007), pp.79 & 94.</ref> Hoy began his victory string over German [[Albatros D.V]] fighters on 29 June 1917. His next nine wins manning the guns in a [[Royal Aircraft Factory FE.2]]d came while he was teamed with [[Richard M. Trevethan]]. His last win was scored with Arthur Solly as his pilot, on the evening of 9 July 1918. Hoy's final tally was five Albatros D.V fighters destroyed and six driven down out of control.{{refn|group=note|Note that the 9 July victory shown here with Hoy as observer is different from the 9 July victory credited on Hoy's record. The former is Hoy's tenth victory; the latter is his eleventh.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/england/trevethan.php |title=Richard Michael Trevethan |work=The Aerodrome |year=2015 |accessdate=3 April 2015}}</ref>}}<ref name="theaerodrome"/><ref>Franks, et al (1997), p. 26.</ref>


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On 25 August 1917, Hoy was promoted to lieutenant, with seniority from 1 June 1916.<ref>{{London Gazette |supp=y |date=24 August 1917 |issue=30249 |page=8789 |nolink=yes}}</ref> As of 14 December 1917, he was appointed an assistant instructor in gunnery and classified as a 3rd class equipment officer.<ref>{{London Gazette |supp=y |date=8 January 1918 |issue=30463 |page=456 |nolink=yes}}</ref> On 23 January 1918, he was reclassified as a 2nd class equipment officer.<ref>{{London Gazette |supp=y |date=22 April 1918 |issue=30642 |page=4803 |nolink=yes}}</ref>
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On 16 May 1917, he was seconded to the [[Royal Flying Corps]] as a [[Flying Officer|Flying Officer Observer]].<ref>(''Supplement to the London Gazette'', 6 July 1917) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/30170/supplements/6779 Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref> Both he and his pilot were injured when their airplane, [[Royal Aircraft Factory FE.2]]d s/n A6366 was shot down by German ace [[August Hanko]] of [[Jasta 28]] on 25 May 1917.<ref>{{Cite book|title= ''Pusher Aces of World War 1'' |pages= 79, 94 }}</ref> Hoy began his victory string over German [[Albatros D.V]] fighters on 29 June 1917. His next nine wins manning the guns in a [[Royal Aircraft Factory FE.2]]d came while he was teamed with [[Richard M. Trevethan]]. His last win was scored with Arthur Solly as his pilot, on the evening of 9 July 1918. Hoy's final tally was five Albatros D.V fighters destroyed and six driven down out of control.<ref name="theaerodrome.com"/><ref>Note that the 9 July victory shown here with Hoy as observer is different from the 9 July victory credited on Hoy's record. The former is Hoy's tenth victory; the latter is his eleventh. http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/england/trevethan.php Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref>


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==Between the world wars==
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On 25 August 1917, Hoy was promoted to Lieutenant, with seniority from 1 June 1916.<ref>(''Supplement to the London Gazette'', 24 August 1917) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/30249/supplements/8789 Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref> As of 14 December 1917, he was appointed an Assistant Instructor in Gunnery and classified as Third Class Equipment Officer.<ref>(''Supplement to the London Gazette'', 8 January 1918) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/30463/supplements/456 Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref> On 23 January 1918 he was reclassified as 2nd Class Equipment Officer.<ref>(''Supplement to the London Gazette'', 22 April 1918) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/30642/supplements/4803 Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref>


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On 7 January 1919, he was appointed temporary captain, effective 25 October 1918, in the Technical Branch.<ref>{{London Gazette |date=7 January 1919 |issue=31112 |page=368 |nolink=yes}}</ref> On 19 May 1919, he was selected to remain seconded as captain in the RFC, with seniority from 6 November 1918.<ref>{{London Gazette |supp=y |date=19 May 1919 |issue=31347 |page=6240 |nolink=yes}}</ref> On 1 August 1919, he surrendered his commission in the Cyclist Battalion and gained a permanent commission as captain in the [[Royal Air Force]].<ref>{{London Gazette |supp=y |date=31 March 1920 |issue=31844 |page=4011 |nolink=yes}}</ref>
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==Between the World Wars==

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On 7 January 1919, he was appointed Temporary Captain, effective 25 October 1918, within the Technical Branch.<ref>(''The London Gazette'', 7 January 1919)http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/31112/pages/368 Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref> On 19 May 1919, he was selected to remain seconded as Captain to the RFC, with seniority of 6 November 1918.<ref>(''Supplement to the London Gazette'', 19 May 1919) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/31347/pages/6240 Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref> On 1 August 1919, he surrendered his commission in the Cyclist Battalion and gained a permanent commission as Captain in the Royal Air Force.<ref>(''Supplement to the London Gazette'', 31 March 1920) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/31844/supplements/4011 Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref>


On 2 September 1920, Hoy married Ena Olive Ball in [[Ickenham]]. The union would produce two children—Ena Bertha Margaret Hoy and Campbell Henry Alfred Hoy.<ref name="r2"/>
On 2 September 1920, Hoy married Ena Olive Ball in [[Ickenham]]. The union would produce two children—Ena Bertha Margaret Hoy and Campbell Henry Alfred Hoy.<ref name="r2"/>


On 1 January 1926, Hoy was promoted from [[Flying Officer]] to [[Flight Lieutenant]].<ref>(''Supplement to the London Gazette'', 1 January 1926) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/33119/supplements/10 Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref> On 7 February 1935, he was selected for retention through age 45.<ref>(''FLIGHT Magazine'', 7 February 1935) http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1935/1935%20-%200301.html Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref>
On 1 January 1926, Hoy was promoted from [[flying officer]] to [[flight lieutenant]].<ref>{{London Gazette |supp=y |date=1 January 1926 |issue=33119 |page=10 |nolink=yes}}</ref> On 7 February 1935, he was selected for retention through age 45.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1935/1935%20-%200301.html |title=Royal Air Force News: Extensions of Service |issue=1363 |volume=XXVII |page=153 |journal=[[Flight International|Flight]] |date=7 February 1935 |accessdate=3 April 2015 }}</ref> On 1 January 1936, he was again promoted, to [[squadron leader]].<ref>{{London Gazette |date=31 December 1935 |issue=34237 |page=8408 |nolink=yes}}</ref> A further promotion to [[Wing commander (rank)|wing commander]] followed on 1 January 1939.<ref>{{London Gazette |date=3 January 1939 |issue=34586 |page=62 |nolink=yes}}</ref>


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==Second World War and beyond==
On 1 January 1936, he was again promoted, to [[Squadron Leader]].<ref>(''The London Gazette'', 31 December 1936) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/34237/pages/8408 Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref> A further promotion to [[Wing Commander (rank)|Wing Commander]] followed on 1 January 1939.<ref>(''The London Gazette'', 3 January 1939) http://www.gazettes-online.co.uk/issues/34586/pages/62/page.pdf Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref>


On 24 April 1940, Wing Commander Hoy was transferred to the Technical Branch, with a promotion to [[group captain]].<ref>{{London Gazette |date=11 April 1941 |issue=35134 |pages=2115–2116 |nolink=yes}}</ref>
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==World War II and beyond==


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On 13 February 1946, Hoy retired.<ref>{{London Gazette |supp=y |date=21 May 1946 |issue=37571 |page=2396 |nolink=yes}}</ref>
On 24 April 1940, Wing Commander Hoy was transferred to the Technical Branch.<ref>(''The London Gazette'', 11 April 1941) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/35134/pages/2115 Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref> with a promotion to [[Group Captain]].<ref>(''The London Gazette'', 11 April 1941) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/35134/pages/2116 Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref>


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==Military Cross citation==
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On 13 February 1946, Hoy retired.<ref>(''Supplement to the London Gazette'', 21 May 1946) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/37571/supplements/2396 Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref>
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:Second Lieutenant (Temporary Lieutenant) Campbell Alexander Hoy, RFC.
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::"For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty when acting as observer on offensive patrols. On four occasions he has shot down hostile scouts, displaying in every instance splendid determination and a very fine offensive spirit."<ref>{{London Gazette |supp=y |date=17 September 1917 |issue=30287 |page=9573 |nolink=yes}}</ref>


==Notes==
==Honors and awards==
{{reflist|group=note}}
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'''Military Cross (MC)'''

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2/Lt. (T./Lt.) Campbell Alexander Hoy, R.F.C.

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For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty when acting as observer on offensive patrols. On four occasions he has shot down hostile scouts, displaying in every instance splendid determination and a very fine offensive spirit.<ref>(''Supplement to the London Gazette'', 17 September 1917) http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/30287/supplements/9573 Retrieved on 14 March 2010.</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
* ''Pusher Aces of World War 1'' Jon Guttman, Harry Dempsey. Osprey Pub Co, 2009. ISBN 1846034175, 9781846034176.


==Endnotes==
==Bibliography==
* [[Norman Franks|Franks, Norman]]; Guest, Russell; Alegi, Gregory (1997). ''Above the War Fronts: the British Two-seater Bomber Pilot and Observer Aces, the British Two-seater Fighter Observer Aces, and the Belgian, Italian, Austro-Hungarian and Russian Fighter Aces, 1914-1918: Volume 4 of Fighting Airmen of WWI Series: Volume 4 of Air Aces of WWI.'' Grub Street. {{ISBN|189869-756-6}} {{ISBN|978-1-89869-756-5}}
{{Reflist|30em}}
* {{cite book |title=Pusher Aces of World War I |first1=Jon |last1=Guttman |first2=Harry |last2=Dempsey |publisher=Osprey Publishing |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-84603-417-6 |name-list-style=amp}}


{{wwi-air}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2012}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME =Hoy, Campbell
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = British flying ace
| DATE OF BIRTH =13 February 1893
| PLACE OF BIRTH =[[South Shields]], Durham, England
| DATE OF DEATH = 9 March 1985
| PLACE OF DEATH =Surrey, England
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hoy, Campbell}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hoy, Campbell}}
[[Category:1893 births]]
[[Category:1985 deaths]]
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[[Category:People from South Shields]]
[[Category:British World War I flying aces]]
[[Category:British World War I flying aces]]
[[Category:Royal Flying Corps officers]]
[[Category:Royal Flying Corps officers]]
[[Category:Royal Air Force officers]]
[[Category:Royal Air Force officers]]
⚫
[[Category:People from South Shields]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Military Cross]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Military Cross]]
[[Category:Royal Air Force personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:Royal Air Force personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:1893 births]]
[[Category:Alumni of Armstrong College, Durham]]
[[Category:1985 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Newbiggin-by-the-Sea]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Tyne and Wear]]
[[Category:Royal Air Force group captains]]
[[Category:British Army personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:Officers' Training Corps officers]]

Latest revision as of 22:05, 25 October 2024

Campbell Alexander Hoy
Born(1893-02-13)13 February 1893
South Shields, Durham, England
Died9 March 1985(1985-03-09) (aged 92)
Surrey, England
AllegianceEngland
Service / branchRoyal Flying Corps
Royal Air Force
Years of service1914 - 1946
RankGroup Captain
UnitNo. 20 Squadron RAF
AwardsMilitary Cross

Group Captain Campbell Alexander Hoy (13 February 1893 – 9 March 1985) was a British flying ace during the First World War, credited with eleven aerial victories. He remained in the Royal Air Force post-war and served through the end of the Second World War.[1]

Early life

[edit]

Campbell Alexander Hoy was born to Henry Hoy,[2] a chemist,[3] and Margaret Anne Reid, in Newbiggin-by-the-Sea.[3] He was living there in Campbell House during 1901. He attended Armstrong College, Newcastle, then a part of the University of Durham, from 1913 onwards.[2] On 15 January 1915, Cadet Lance-Corporal Hoy from the Durham University Contingent of the Officers Training Corps was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the Northern Cyclist Battalion.[4]

Aerial service in the First World War

[edit]
See also: Aerial victory standards of World War I
An observer (back to camera) in a Royal Aircraft Factory FE2d demonstrates defence against rear attacks.

On 16 May 1917, he was seconded to the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) as a flying officer (observer).[5] Both he and his pilot were injured when their aircraft, Royal Aircraft Factory FE.2d s/n A6366, was shot down by German ace August Hanko of Jagdstaffel 28 on 25 May 1917.[6] Hoy began his victory string over German Albatros D.V fighters on 29 June 1917. His next nine wins manning the guns in a Royal Aircraft Factory FE.2d came while he was teamed with Richard M. Trevethan. His last win was scored with Arthur Solly as his pilot, on the evening of 9 July 1918. Hoy's final tally was five Albatros D.V fighters destroyed and six driven down out of control.[note 1][1][8]

On 25 August 1917, Hoy was promoted to lieutenant, with seniority from 1 June 1916.[9] As of 14 December 1917, he was appointed an assistant instructor in gunnery and classified as a 3rd class equipment officer.[10] On 23 January 1918, he was reclassified as a 2nd class equipment officer.[11]

Between the world wars

[edit]

On 7 January 1919, he was appointed temporary captain, effective 25 October 1918, in the Technical Branch.[12] On 19 May 1919, he was selected to remain seconded as captain in the RFC, with seniority from 6 November 1918.[13] On 1 August 1919, he surrendered his commission in the Cyclist Battalion and gained a permanent commission as captain in the Royal Air Force.[14]

On 2 September 1920, Hoy married Ena Olive Ball in Ickenham. The union would produce two children—Ena Bertha Margaret Hoy and Campbell Henry Alfred Hoy.[2]

On 1 January 1926, Hoy was promoted from flying officer to flight lieutenant.[15] On 7 February 1935, he was selected for retention through age 45.[16] On 1 January 1936, he was again promoted, to squadron leader.[17] A further promotion to wing commander followed on 1 January 1939.[18]

Second World War and beyond

[edit]

On 24 April 1940, Wing Commander Hoy was transferred to the Technical Branch, with a promotion to group captain.[19]

On 13 February 1946, Hoy retired.[20]

Military Cross citation

[edit]
Second Lieutenant (Temporary Lieutenant) Campbell Alexander Hoy, RFC.
"For conspicuous gallantry and devotion to duty when acting as observer on offensive patrols. On four occasions he has shot down hostile scouts, displaying in every instance splendid determination and a very fine offensive spirit."[21]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Note that the 9 July victory shown here with Hoy as observer is different from the 9 July victory credited on Hoy's record. The former is Hoy's tenth victory; the latter is his eleventh.[7]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Campbell Alexander Hoy". The Aerodrome. 2015. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
  2. ^ a b c "Sixth Generation: Miss Ena Olive BALL". croker-goddard.org.uk. 2013. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
  3. ^ a b "Sources". croker-goddard.org.uk. 2013. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
  4. ^ "No. 29040". The London Gazette (Supplement). 14 January 1915. p. 477.
  5. ^ "No. 30170". The London Gazette (Supplement). 6 July 1917. p. 6779.
  6. ^ Guttman & Dempsey (2007), pp.79 & 94.
  7. ^ "Richard Michael Trevethan". The Aerodrome. 2015. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
  8. ^ Franks, et al (1997), p. 26.
  9. ^ "No. 30249". The London Gazette (Supplement). 24 August 1917. p. 8789.
  10. ^ "No. 30463". The London Gazette (Supplement). 8 January 1918. p. 456.
  11. ^ "No. 30642". The London Gazette (Supplement). 22 April 1918. p. 4803.
  12. ^ "No. 31112". The London Gazette. 7 January 1919. p. 368.
  13. ^ "No. 31347". The London Gazette (Supplement). 19 May 1919. p. 6240.
  14. ^ "No. 31844". The London Gazette (Supplement). 31 March 1920. p. 4011.
  15. ^ "No. 33119". The London Gazette (Supplement). 1 January 1926. p. 10.
  16. ^ "Royal Air Force News: Extensions of Service". Flight. XXVII (1363): 153. 7 February 1935. Retrieved 3 April 2015.
  17. ^ "No. 34237". The London Gazette. 31 December 1935. p. 8408.
  18. ^ "No. 34586". The London Gazette. 3 January 1939. p. 62.
  19. ^ "No. 35134". The London Gazette. 11 April 1941. pp. 2115–2116.
  20. ^ "No. 37571". The London Gazette (Supplement). 21 May 1946. p. 2396.
  21. ^ "No. 30287". The London Gazette (Supplement). 17 September 1917. p. 9573.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Franks, Norman; Guest, Russell; Alegi, Gregory (1997). Above the War Fronts: the British Two-seater Bomber Pilot and Observer Aces, the British Two-seater Fighter Observer Aces, and the Belgian, Italian, Austro-Hungarian and Russian Fighter Aces, 1914-1918: Volume 4 of Fighting Airmen of WWI Series: Volume 4 of Air Aces of WWI. Grub Street. ISBN 189869-756-6 ISBN 978-1-89869-756-5
  • Guttman, Jon & Dempsey, Harry (2009). Pusher Aces of World War I. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84603-417-6.
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