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{{Short description|British family of naturalists}}
The '''Sowerby family''' was a [[United Kingdom|British]] family of four generations of [[natural history|naturalists]], illustrators, [[botanist]]s, and [[zoologist]]s.
{{Infobox family
|name = Sowerby family
|native_name =
|native_name_lang =
|other_names =
|type = [[Family]]
|coat_of_arms = <!-- Coat of arms, crest, badge, emblem, banner, etc. See "Images" below for formatting. -->
|coat_of_arms_size =
|alt =
|coat_of_arms_caption = <!-- Motto/battle cry, and/or to whom and when granted, by which granting authority, etc. -->
|image = James Sowerby by Heaphy (1816).jpg
|alt2 = Painting of James Sowerby
|image_caption = Painting of James Sowerby (1816)
|parent_family = <!-- Family (or house, clan) from which the family in subject is descended -->
|country = [[United Kingdom]]
|region = <!-- Main current location - please note, countries that are merely associated with titles should be indicated in "titles" -->
|early_forms =
|etymology = <!-- Etymology; name origin and/or meaning -->
|origin = <!-- Country, region, town, location etc. of origin -->
|founded = 1757
|founder = [[James Sowerby]]
|current_head =
|dissolution = <!-- {{End date|YYYY}}, removal of public status applicable primarily to royal and aristocratic houses -->
|deposition = <!-- {{End date|YYYY}}, removal of authority applicable primarily to royal houses -->
|cadet branches = <!-- Branches families - if multiple ones, please consider using {{tlx|Template:Collapsible list}} -->
|final_ruler = <!-- I.e. last sovereign; applicable primarily to sovereign aristocratic dynasties -->
|final_head = <!-- I.e. last person with family name or else subject to end of continuous consistency -->
|titles = <!-- If multiple ones, please consider using {{tlx|Template:Collapsible list}} -->
|styles = <!-- Styles (manners of address) -->
|members =
|connected_members = <!-- Notable members in selection, only if relevant in infobox and readability-wise applicable -->
|other_families = <!-- Connected families, typically qualified by marriage (or rarely rivalry) -->
|distinctions = <!-- Primarily associated distinctions such as orders, prizes, awards, etc. -->
|traditions = <!-- Religion, philosophy, movement, adherence, allegiance, etc. -->
|motto =
|motto_lang =
|motto_trans =
|heirlooms = <!-- Inheritances; antiques, mementoes, jewelry, etc. -->
|estate = <!-- Residence, seat, etc. -->
|website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}}, website of the family association/foundation/memorial, etc. -->
|footnotes =
}}


The '''Sowerby family''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|oʊ|ər|b|i|,_|ˈ|s|aʊ|ər|b|i}})<ref>{{cite book|last=Pointon|first=G. E.|year=1983|title=BBC Pronouncing Dictionary of British Names|edition=2nd|publisher=Oxford University Press|page=227|isbn=0-19-282745-6}}</ref> was a British family of several generations of [[natural history|naturalists]], [[illustrators]], [[botanists]], and [[zoologists]] active from the late 18th century to the mid twentieth century.<ref name="Damkaer2002">{{cite book|author=David M. Damkaer|title=The Copepodologist's Cabinet: A Biographical and Bibliographical History|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_TgUNAAAAIAAJ|year=2002|publisher=American Philosophical Society|isbn=978-0-87169-240-5|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_TgUNAAAAIAAJ/page/n160 142]–}}</ref><ref name="BluntStearn1950">{{cite book|author1=Wilfrid Blunt|author2=William Thomas Stearn|chapter=Kilburn, Sowerby, and Sydenham Edwards|title=The Art of Botanical Illustration: An Illustrated History|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=apPyEfXvxioC&pg=PA189|year=1950|publisher=Courier Corporation|isbn=978-0-486-27265-8|pages=189–194}}</ref>
⚫
*[[James Sowerby]] (1757 – 1822)
⚫
**[[James De Carle Sowerby]] (1787 – 1871)
⚫
**[[George Brettingham Sowerby I]] (1788 – 1854)
⚫
***[[George Brettingham Sowerby II]] (1812 – 1884)
⚫
****[[George Brettingham Sowerby III]] (1843 – 1921)


⚫
*[[James Sowerby]] (1757–1822)
The vast majority of their work was on [[mollusc]]s and their [[systematics]]. Together, they introduced numerous (sometimes the number 5000 is mentioned) [[taxonomy|taxonomic]] names.
⚫
**[[James De Carle Sowerby]] (1787–1871)
***[[James Sowerby (1815–1834)|James Sowerby]] (1815–1834)
***William Sowerby (1827–1906)
***Joseph Sowerby (1829–ca.1871)
****Rev. Arthur Sowerby (1857–?)
*****[[Arthur de Carle Sowerby]] (1885–1954)
⚫
**[[George Brettingham Sowerby I]] (1788–1854)
⚫
***[[George Brettingham Sowerby II]] (1812–1884)
***[[Charlotte Caroline Sowerby]] (1820–1865)
⚫
****[[George Brettingham Sowerby III]] (1843–1921)
**[[Charles Edward Sowerby]] (1795–1842)
***[[John Edward Sowerby]] (1825-1870)
[[File:Grave of George Brettingham Sowerby in Highgate Cemetery.jpg|thumb|Family grave of [[George Brettingham Sowerby I]], [[Charlotte Caroline Sowerby]] and [[George Brettingham Sowerby II]] in [[Highgate Cemetery]]]]
⚫
The three George Sowerbys produced major works on [[molluscs]] and their [[systematics]]. Together, they introduced numerous (sometimes the number 5000 is mentioned) [[Taxonomy (biology)|taxonomic]] names. Because all three of the G.B Sowerbys published extensively on the subject of [[conchology]], it is not easy even for professional taxonomists to unravel which of the three "G.B. Sowerbys" is meant in a particular citation when the numbering system G.B. Sowerby I, II, or III is not used. Even when a date is provided, this kind of attribution is not obvious: e.g. "Sowerby, 1870" can refer to either G.B. Sowerby II or G.B. Sowerby III.<ref name="Petit2009">{{cite journal | last = Petit | first = Richard E | year = 2009 | title = George Brettingham Sowerby, I, II & III: their conchological publications and Molluscan taxa | journal = Zootaxa | volume = 2189 | pages = 1–218 | url = http://biostor.org/reference/19640| doi = 10.11646/zootaxa.2189.1.1 }}</ref>


The scientific and artistic contributions of the family extended well into the 20th century. [[Arthur de Carle Sowerby]] (1885–1954), James Sowerby's great-great-grandson, explored the geography and natural history of China. One of James' grandsons, [[John George Sowerby]] (1850–1914), was an illustrator and glass-worker whose work was exhibited in the British Royal Academy, and who directed Ellison Glass Works Ltd, which during the 1880s was the world's largest producer of pressed glass. John G. Sowerby's daughter [[Githa Sowerby|Katherine Githa]] (1876–1970) became a noted playwright, and [[Millicent Sowerby]] (1878–1967) was a painter and illustrator known for her children's book illustrations.<ref name="Gray2009">{{cite book|author=Sara Gray|contribution=Sowerby, Amy Millicent| title=The Dictionary of British Women Artists|contribution-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LfAFBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA246|year=2009|publisher=Casemate Publishers|isbn=978-0-7188-3084-7|pages=246–}}</ref>
⚫
Because all three of the G.B Sowerbys published extensively on the subject of [[conchology]], it is not easy even for professional taxonomists to unravel which of the three "G.B. Sowerbys" is meant in a particular citation when the numbering system G.B. Sowerby I, II, or III is not used. Even when a date is provided, this kind of attribution is not obvious: e.g. "Sowerby, 1870" can refer to either G.B. Sowerby II or G.B. Sowerby III.


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
*<!-- DEAD LINK, UPDATE OR REMOVE PLEASE[http://www.conchology.be/en/cyberconchology/hsn/detail.php?rel=February%2C+2002&sct=0202fea&page=17] --> ''Who were the Sowerbys?'' by Katherine V. W. Palmer, ''Internet Hawaiian Shell News'', January 2002, pp. 17 - 24. Reprint of ''Hawaiian Shell News'', Nov. 1965, pp. 4ff. Available on a CD of back issues of HSN, ISSN 1543-6039.
*<!-- DEAD LINK, UPDATE OR REMOVE PLEASE[http://www.conchology.be/en/cyberconchology/hsn/detail.php?rel=February%2C+2002&sct=0202fea&page=17] --> ''Who were the Sowerbys?'' by Katherine V. W. Palmer, ''Internet Hawaiian Shell News'', January 2002, pp.&nbsp;17 – 24. Reprint of ''Hawaiian Shell News'', Nov. 1965, pp.&nbsp;4ff. Available on a CD of back issues of HSN, ISSN 1543-6039.
*[http://www.euppublishing.com/toc/jsbnh/6/6 Papers on the Sowerby Family.] ''Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History''. '''6''' (6):380-559. 1974.
*{{cite book|title=The Sowerby saga, being a brief account of the origin and genealogy of the Sowerby family and of its history from earliest times down to the present; based upon recent research into available extant literature.|first=Arthur de Carle|last= Sowerby|
location=Washington, D.C.|year=1952|oclc=38667537}}
*{{cite book|title=A note on the history of the Sowerby family archive: together with a short title catalogue of natural history works written or illustrated by members of the family|first=John|last= Collins|publisher=J.S. Seaton|year= 1973|location=London|oclc=22696413}}

== External links ==
* [http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/rd/637931bf-8dcc-4477-ad76-9b33871efa82 The Sowerby Collection (1739-1985)], National Archives of the United Kingdom
*[http://hdl.handle.net/10407/3754266238 Sowerby Family Collection], [https://spencer.lib.ku.edu Kenneth Spencer Research Library], University of Kansas
* [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/10596 Thesaurus conchyliorum, or, Monographs of genera of shells; Sowerby, G. B. (George Brettingham), 1812-1884 & Sowerby, G. B. (George Brettingham), 1843-1921]

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:British naturalists]]
[[Category:British naturalists]]
[[Category:British families]]
[[Category:Scientific families]]
[[Category:Artist families]]
[[Category:Burials at Highgate Cemetery]]


[[fr:Sowerby]]
[[fr:Sowerby]]
[[la:Sowerby (familia)]]

Latest revision as of 23:35, 25 October 2024

Sowerby family
Family
Painting of James Sowerby
Painting of James Sowerby (1816)
CountryUnited Kingdom
Founded1757
FounderJames Sowerby

The Sowerby family (/ˈsoʊərbi, ˈsaʊərbi/)[1] was a British family of several generations of naturalists, illustrators, botanists, and zoologists active from the late 18th century to the mid twentieth century.[2][3]

Family grave of George Brettingham Sowerby I, Charlotte Caroline Sowerby and George Brettingham Sowerby II in Highgate Cemetery

The three George Sowerbys produced major works on molluscs and their systematics. Together, they introduced numerous (sometimes the number 5000 is mentioned) taxonomic names. Because all three of the G.B Sowerbys published extensively on the subject of conchology, it is not easy even for professional taxonomists to unravel which of the three "G.B. Sowerbys" is meant in a particular citation when the numbering system G.B. Sowerby I, II, or III is not used. Even when a date is provided, this kind of attribution is not obvious: e.g. "Sowerby, 1870" can refer to either G.B. Sowerby II or G.B. Sowerby III.[4]

The scientific and artistic contributions of the family extended well into the 20th century. Arthur de Carle Sowerby (1885–1954), James Sowerby's great-great-grandson, explored the geography and natural history of China. One of James' grandsons, John George Sowerby (1850–1914), was an illustrator and glass-worker whose work was exhibited in the British Royal Academy, and who directed Ellison Glass Works Ltd, which during the 1880s was the world's largest producer of pressed glass. John G. Sowerby's daughter Katherine Githa (1876–1970) became a noted playwright, and Millicent Sowerby (1878–1967) was a painter and illustrator known for her children's book illustrations.[5]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Pointon, G. E. (1983). BBC Pronouncing Dictionary of British Names (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 227. ISBN 0-19-282745-6.
  2. ^ David M. Damkaer (2002). The Copepodologist's Cabinet: A Biographical and Bibliographical History. American Philosophical Society. pp. 142–. ISBN 978-0-87169-240-5.
  3. ^ Wilfrid Blunt; William Thomas Stearn (1950). "Kilburn, Sowerby, and Sydenham Edwards". The Art of Botanical Illustration: An Illustrated History. Courier Corporation. pp. 189–194. ISBN 978-0-486-27265-8.
  4. ^ Petit, Richard E (2009). "George Brettingham Sowerby, I, II & III: their conchological publications and Molluscan taxa". Zootaxa. 2189: 1–218. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2189.1.1.
  5. ^ Sara Gray (2009). "Sowerby, Amy Millicent". The Dictionary of British Women Artists. Casemate Publishers. pp. 246–. ISBN 978-0-7188-3084-7.
  • Who were the Sowerbys? by Katherine V. W. Palmer, Internet Hawaiian Shell News, January 2002, pp. 17 – 24. Reprint of Hawaiian Shell News, Nov. 1965, pp. 4ff. Available on a CD of back issues of HSN, ISSN 1543-6039.
  • Papers on the Sowerby Family. Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History. 6 (6):380-559. 1974.
  • Sowerby, Arthur de Carle (1952). The Sowerby saga, being a brief account of the origin and genealogy of the Sowerby family and of its history from earliest times down to the present; based upon recent research into available extant literature. Washington, D.C. OCLC 38667537.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Collins, John (1973). A note on the history of the Sowerby family archive: together with a short title catalogue of natural history works written or illustrated by members of the family. London: J.S. Seaton. OCLC 22696413.
[edit]
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