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Coordinates: 49°26′30″N 01°05′28″E / 49.44167°N 1.09111°E / 49.44167; 1.09111
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{{Short description|14th century astronomical clock in Rouen, France}}
{{Infobox historic site
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{{coord|49|26|30|N|01|05|28|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:FR-WSM|display=title}}
| name = Gros-Horloge
| image = Gros-Horloge, Rouen, West View 140215 2.jpg
[[File:Gros-Horloge, Rouen, West View 140215 2.jpg|thumb|200px]]
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The '''Gros-Horloge''' ({{langx|en|Great-Clock}}) is a [[14th century]] [[astronomical clock]] in [[Rouen]], [[Normandy]].{{citation needed|date=July 2021}}
| image_size = 200
| locmapin = France
| map_width = 275
| map_caption = Location of the Great-Clock in France
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| coordinates = {{coord|49|26|30|N|01|05|28|E|type:landmark_scale:5000_region:FR-WSM|display=inline,title}}
| location = [[Rouen]], [[Normandy]], [[France]]
| area =
| built = Middle Ages
| demolished =
| rebuilt =
| architect =
| architecture = [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]], [[Flamboyant]] and [[Classical architecture]]
| governing_body =
| designation1 =
| designation1_offname =
| designation1_date =
| designation1_type =
| designation1_criteria =
| designation1_number =
| designation1_free1name =
| designation1_free1value =
| designation1_free2name =
| designation1_free2value =
| designation1_free3name =
| designation1_free3value =
| designation2 = Monument Historique
| designation2_offname = Gros-Horloge et Fontaine (Great-Clock and Fountain)
| designation2_date = 1862 (Great-Clock), 1889 (Fountain)
| designation2_number = PA00100834<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.culture.gouv.fr/public/mistral/merimee_fr?ACTION=CHERCHER&FIELD_1=REF&VALUE_1=PA00100834 |title=Historical monuments, Gros Horloge and fountain}}</ref>
}}


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The clock is installed in a Renaissance arch crossing the [[Rue du Gros-Horloge]]. The mechanism is one of the oldest in France, the movement having been made in 1389. Construction of the clock was started by Jourdain del Leche who lacked the necessary expertise to finish the task,<ref name="green-lion">[http://www.green-lion.net/rouen_zodiac_clock.html "Le Gros Horloge"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814010116/http://www.green-lion.net/rouen_zodiac_clock.html |date=2011-08-14 }} green-lion.net</ref> so the work was completed by Jean de Felain, who became the first to hold the position of governor of the clock.<ref>Tanguy, Jacques (2006). [http://www.rouen-histoire.com/GHorloge/GrosHorloge.htm "Le Gros-Horloge"]</ref>
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The '''Gros-Horloge''' ({{lang-en|Great-Clock}}) is a fourteenth-century [[astronomical clock]] in [[Rouen]], [[Normandy]].


The clock was originally constructed without a dial, with one revolution of the hour-hand representing twenty-four hours.<ref name="books.google">{{cite book|title=Brittany and Normandy|publisher=[[Lonely Planet]]|first=Peter |last=Dragicevich|year=2010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AwgnmMTOgTAC&dq=Gros+Horloge&pg=PA238|page=238|isbn=9781741042382}}</ref> The movement is cast in wrought iron, and at approximately twice the size of the [[Wells Cathedral clock]], it is perhaps the largest such mechanism still extant.<ref name="green-lion" /> A facade was added in 1529 when the clock was moved to its current position.<ref name="books.google" /> The mechanism was electrified in the 1920s and it was restored in 1997.{{citation needed|date=July 2021}}
==History and description==
As of 9 July 2022, the clock movement itself is not functional in any way. There is an electrical solenoid that rings one of the two bells in the tower on the 1/4 hr.
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The clock is installed in a Renaissance arch crossing the Rue du Gros-Horloge, in Rouen. The mechanism is one of the oldest in France, the movement was made in 1389. Construction of the clock was started by Jourdain del Leche who lacked the necessary expertise to finish the task,<ref name="green-lion">[http://www.green-lion.net/rouen_zodiac_clock.html "Le Gros Horloge"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110814010116/http://www.green-lion.net/rouen_zodiac_clock.html |date=2011-08-14 }} green-lion.net</ref> so the work was completed by Jean de Felain, who became the first to hold the position of governor of the clock.<ref>Tanguy, Jacques (2006). [http://www.rouen-histoire.com/GHorloge/GrosHorloge.htm "Le Gros-Horloge"]</ref> The clock was originally constructed without a dial, with one revolution of the hour-hand representing twenty-four hours.<ref name="books.google">{{cite book|title=Brittany and Normandy|publisher=[[Lonely Planet]]|first=Peter |last=Dragicevich|year=2010|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AwgnmMTOgTAC&pg=PA238&dq=Gros+Horloge#v=onepage&q=Gros%20Horloge&f=false|page=238|isbn=9781741042382}}</ref> The movement is cast in wrought iron, and at approximately twice the size of the [[Wells Cathedral clock]], it is perhaps the largest such mechanism still extant.<ref name="green-lion" /> A facade was added in 1529 when the clock was moved to its current position.<ref name="books.google" /> The Renaissance facade represents a golden sun with 24 rays on a starry blue background. The dial measures 2.5 metres in diameter.


The phases of the moon are shown in the [[oculus]] of the upper part of the dial. It completes a full rotation in 29 days. The week days are shown in an opening at the base of the dial with allegorical subjects for each day of the week.
The Renaissance facade represents a golden sun with 24 rays on a starry blue background. The dial measures {{convert|2.5|m|dm cm}} in diameter. The phases of the moon are shown in the [[Oculus (perspective)|oculus]] of the upper part of the dial. It completes a full rotation in 29 days. The week days are shown in an opening at the base of the dial with allegorical subjects for each day of the week.{{citation needed|date=July 2021}}


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The Gros Horloge has featured in paintings by [[J. M. W. Turner]] and the French [[impressionist]] [[:fr:Léon-Jules Lemaître|Léon-Jules Lemaître]].<ref name="green-lion" />
The mechanism was electrified in the 1920s and it was restored in 1997.

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The Gros Horloge has featured in paintings by [[J. M. W. Turner]] and the French [[impressionist]] Léon-Jules Lemaître.<ref name="green-lion" />


<gallery mode=packed heights=220>
<gallery mode=packed heights=220>
File:JMC Turner, The Gros Horloge at Rouen, Normandy c.1832.jpg|'''The Gros Horloge at Rouen, Normandy''' c.1832, by J.M.W. Turner
File:JMC Turner, The Gros Horloge at Rouen, Normandy c.1832.jpg|''The Gros Horloge at Rouen, Normandy'' c.1832, by [[J. M. W. Turner]]
</gallery>
</gallery>


==External links==
==References==
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{{commons category|Gros Horloge}}
*[http://www.tate.org.uk/art/artworks/turner-rouen-the-gros-horloge-with-the-towers-of-the-cathedral-beyond-d24822 J.M.W. Turner watercolour ''Rouen: the Gros-Horloge, with the Towers of the Cathedral Beyond'', c.1832]
{{Reflist}}


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{{Astronomical clocks}}
==References==
{{Authority control}}
{{reflist}}
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{{commons|Gros Horloge}}


[[Category:Clocks in France]]
[[Category:Astronomical clocks in France]]
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[[Category:Astronomical clocks]]
[[Category:Rouen]]
[[Category:Rouen]]

Latest revision as of 03:22, 26 October 2024

49°26′30″N 01°05′28″E / 49.44167°N 1.09111°E / 49.44167; 1.09111

The Gros-Horloge (English: Great-Clock) is a 14th century astronomical clock in Rouen, Normandy.[citation needed]

The clock is installed in a Renaissance arch crossing the Rue du Gros-Horloge. The mechanism is one of the oldest in France, the movement having been made in 1389. Construction of the clock was started by Jourdain del Leche who lacked the necessary expertise to finish the task,[1] so the work was completed by Jean de Felain, who became the first to hold the position of governor of the clock.[2]

The clock was originally constructed without a dial, with one revolution of the hour-hand representing twenty-four hours.[3] The movement is cast in wrought iron, and at approximately twice the size of the Wells Cathedral clock, it is perhaps the largest such mechanism still extant.[1] A facade was added in 1529 when the clock was moved to its current position.[3] The mechanism was electrified in the 1920s and it was restored in 1997.[citation needed] As of 9 July 2022, the clock movement itself is not functional in any way. There is an electrical solenoid that rings one of the two bells in the tower on the 1/4 hr.

The Renaissance facade represents a golden sun with 24 rays on a starry blue background. The dial measures 2.5 metres (25 dm; 250 cm) in diameter. The phases of the moon are shown in the oculus of the upper part of the dial. It completes a full rotation in 29 days. The week days are shown in an opening at the base of the dial with allegorical subjects for each day of the week.[citation needed]

The Gros Horloge has featured in paintings by J. M. W. Turner and the French impressionist Léon-Jules Lemaître.[1]

References

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gros Horloge.
  1. ^ a b c "Le Gros Horloge" Archived 2011-08-14 at the Wayback Machine green-lion.net
  2. ^ Tanguy, Jacques (2006). "Le Gros-Horloge"
  3. ^ a b Dragicevich, Peter (2010). Brittany and Normandy. Lonely Planet. p. 238. ISBN 9781741042382.
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