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{{Short description|American economist}}
'''Arthur Twining Hadley''' ([[1856]]-[[1930]]) was an economist who served as President of [[Yale University]] from [[1899]] to [[1921]].
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Arthur Twining Hadley
| image = Arthur Twining Hadley.jpg
| order = 13th
| title = President of [[Yale University]]
| term_start = 1899
| term_end = 1921
| predecessor = [[Timothy Dwight V]]
| successor = [[James Rowland Angell]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|1856|4|23}}
| birth_place = [[New Haven, Connecticut]], U.S.
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1930|3|6|1856|4|23}}
| death_place = [[Kobe Harbor]], [[Japan]]
| signature = Хэдли, Артур Твининг подпись.gif
}}
'''Arthur Twining Hadley''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Hadley.ogg|'|h|æ|d|l|iː}}, {{respell|HAD|lee}};<ref name=MW-Pronounce-Hadley>{{cite web|title=Hadley|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hadley|website=[[Merriam-Webster]]|access-date=12 November 2014}}</ref> April 23, 1856 – March 6, 1930<ref>{{cite journal|jstor=469|pages=364–368|title=Arthur Twining Hadley|volume=20|issue=2|journal=The American Economic Review|year=1930}}</ref>) was an American economist who served as [[list of Presidents of Yale University|President]] of [[Yale University]] from 1899 to 1921.


==Biography==
He was born in [[New Haven, Connecticut]], the son of James Hadley, Professor of Greek at Yale 1851-1872, and his wife née Anne Loring Morris. He graduated from Yale College in 1876, where he was a member of [[Skull & Bones]]; and was then appointed a faculty member in political economy from 1879 to 1899. His course in economics became a favorite of undergraduates, and he wrote a classic study of the economics of railroad transportation. He became president of Yale in 1899&mdash; the first president who was not a minister&mdash; and guided it through a period of expansion and consolidation.
Hadley was born in [[New Haven, Connecticut]], the son of [[James Hadley (scholar)|James Hadley]], Professor of Greek at Yale 1851–1872, and his wife, née Anne Loring Morris. He graduated from Yale College in 1876, where he was a member of [[Delta Kappa Epsilon|DKE]] and [[Skull and Bones]], and received prizes in English, [[classics]] and [[astronomy]]. He then studied [[political science]] at Yale (1876–1877), and at the [[Humboldt University of Berlin|University of Berlin]] (1878–1879) under [[Adolph Wagner]]. He was a tutor at Yale in 1879–1883, instructor in political science in 1883–1886, professor of political science in 1886–1891, professor of political economy in 1891–1899, and first Dean of the [[Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences|Graduate School]] in 1892–1895. His course in economics became a favorite of undergraduates, and he wrote a classic study of the economics of railroad transportation. He became president of Yale in 1899—the first president who was not a minister—and guided it through a period of expansion and consolidation.<ref name=YaleObit>''Obituary Record of Graduates of Yale University'', 1929–30, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, pp. 52–7.</ref><ref name=eb11>{{EB1911|wstitle=Hadley, Arthur Twining}}</ref>[[File:A_T_Hadley.jpg|thumb|left|c. 1920]]
He was commissioner of the Connecticut bureau of labor statistics in 1885–1887. As an economist he first became widely known through his investigation of the railway question and his study of railway rates, which antedated the popular excitement as to rebates. His ''Railroad Transportation, Its History and Laws'' (1885) became a standard work, and appeared in Russian (1886) and French (1887). He testified as an expert on transportation before the [[Senate committee]] which drew up the [[Interstate Commerce Act of 1887|Interstate Commerce Law]], and wrote on railways and transportation for the Ninth and Tenth Editions (of which he was one of the editors) of the ''[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]''. He wrote for Lalor's ''[[Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy, and the Political History of the United States]]'' (3 vols., 1881–1884), for ''The American Railway'' (1888), and for ''[[The Railroad Gazette]]'' in 1884–1891, and for other periodicals. His idea of the broad scope of economic science, especially of the place of ethics in relation to political economy and business, is expressed in his writings and public addresses. In 1907–1908 he was Theodore Roosevelt Professor of American History and Institutions at [[Humboldt University of Berlin|Frederick William University]].<ref name=eb11/> In 1902, he was elected as a member to the [[American Philosophical Society]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=APS Member History|url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?year=1902;smode=advanced;startDoc=1|access-date=2021-05-19|website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref> He was an early member of the [[American Academy of Arts and Letters]].<ref>{{cite book|chapter=American Academy of Arts and Letters|title=World Almanac and Encyclopedia 1919|date=1918 |location=New York|publisher=The Press Publishing Co. (The New York World)|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=faBtNh34xREC&pg=PA216|page=216}}</ref>


He was elected a director of the [[New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad]] in 1913. In 1914 he lectured at the [[University of Oxford]] on “Institutions of the United States.” In 1915 he evoked considerable discussion in the [[United States]] by declaring that young men who looked forward to a political career should have private means so as to avoid pecuniary temptations. In 1915 he endorsed college military camps and favored counting military training for a degree.<ref>{{Cite EB1922|wstitle=Hadley, Arthur Twining}}</ref>
He married Helen Harrison Morris.


After his retirement, he and his wife went on a world cruise, visiting Europe, India, and China. As the ship was approaching Japan, Hadley contracted pneumonia and died on shipboard, and the body was prepared in Japan for return to New Haven and interment in [[Grove Street Cemetery]]. When the coffin was opened prior to burial, Hadley was clothed in a yellow Japanese kimono with a samurai sword placed alongside.
After his retirement, he and his wife went on a world cruise, visiting Europe, India, and China. As the ship was approaching Japan, Hadley contracted pneumonia and died on shipboard, and the body was prepared in Japan for return to New Haven and interment in [[Grove Street Cemetery]]. When the coffin was opened prior to burial, Hadley was clothed in a yellow Japanese kimono with a samurai sword placed alongside.


Grove Street Cemetery's [[Egyptian Revival]] gateway is inscribed ''The Dead Shall Be Raised'', and most Yale presidents since it was built&mdash;and Hadley was no exception&mdash;have at some point quipped that the dead would most certainly be raised if Yale needs the land. Most are now buried there.
Grove Street Cemetery's [[Egyptian Revival]] gateway is inscribed ''The Dead Shall Be Raised'', and most Yale presidents since it was built—and Hadley was no exception—have at some point quipped that the dead would most certainly be raised if Yale needs the land. Most are now buried there.


==Books==
==Works==
In his books, he endeavored to utilize the results of economic and political history as a basis for a working system of [[ethics]] for a democracy like that of the [[United States]].<ref>{{Cite Americana|wstitle=Hadley, Arthur Twining}}</ref> Among his works are:
*''Railroad Transportation'' - 1885
*''Railroad Transportation, Its History and Laws'' (see notice above; 1885)
*''Economics: An Account of the Relations between Private Property and Public Welfare'' - 1896
*''Report on the Labor Question'' (1885)
⚫
*''Undercurrents in American Politics'' - 1915
*''Economics, an Account of the Relations between Private Property and Public Welfare'' (1896)<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Small |first=Albion W. |date=1897 |title=Review of Economics. |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2761654 |journal=American Journal of Sociology |volume=2 |issue=5 |pages=739–740 |doi=10.1086/210662 |jstor=2761654 |issn=0002-9602}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |date=1896 |title=Hadley's "Economics" |url=https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/250377 |journal=Journal of Political Economy |language=en |volume=4 |issue=4 |pages=467–493 |doi=10.1086/250377 |issn=0022-3808}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Hollander |first=J. H. |date=1897 |title=Review of Economics: An Account of the Relations between Private Property and Public Welfare |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1009678 |journal=The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science |volume=9 |pages=123–124 |doi=10.1177/000271629700900312 |jstor=1009678 |issn=0002-7162}}</ref>
*''The Conflict between Liberty and Equality'' - 1925
*''The Education of the American Citizen'' (1901)
*''Freedom and Responsibility'' (1903)
*''Baccalaureate Addresses'' (1907)
*''Standards of Public Morality'' (1907)
*''Some Influences in Modern Philosophic Thought'' (1913)
⚫
*''Undercurrents in American Politics'' (1915)
*''The Moral Basis of Democracy'' (1919)


== Arthur Twining Hadley Prize ==
⚫
{{start box}}
An annual tradition during Yale College Class Day, the '''Arthur Twining Hadley Prize''' is "awarded to the graduating senior majoring in the social sciences who ranks highest in scholarship."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arthur Twining Hadley (1902) {{!}} Office of the Secretary and Vice President for University Life |url=https://secretary.yale.edu/arthur-twining-hadley-1902 |access-date=2023-07-23 |website=secretary.yale.edu}}</ref> Recipients of this award include [[Jennifer Nou]] and [[Andrew Klaber]].
⚫
{{succession box | title=[[Presidents of Yale]] | before=[[Timothy Dwight V]] | after=[[James Rowland Angell]] | years=}}
⚫
{{end box}}


==Personal life==
[[Category:Encyclopædia Britannica|Hadley, Arthur Twining]]
He married Helen Harrison Morris on June 30, 1891, daughter of [[Luzon Buritt Morris]], who was to become Governor of Connecticut in 1893. They had two sons, Morris and Hamilton, and one daughter, Laura.<ref name="YaleObit" />
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[[Category:Yale University presidents|Hadley, Arthur Twining]]

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[[Category:1856 births|Hadley, Arthur Twining]]
==Notes==
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[[Category:1930 deaths|Hadley, Arthur Twining]]
{{reflist|2}}
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[[Category:Bonesmen|Hadley, Arthur Twining]]

==References==
* {{cite journal |last=Hendrick |first=Burton J. |date=June 1914 |title=President Hadley, of Yale |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zegeQtMn9JsC&pg=PA141 |journal=[[World's Work|The World's Work: A History of Our Time]] |volume=XLIV |issue=2 |pages=141–148 |access-date=2009-08-04 }}
* Kelley, Brooks Mather (1999). [https://books.google.com/books?id=B2aDRhohtx8C ''Yale: A History'']. New Haven: Yale University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-300-07843-5}}. {{oclc|810552}}.

==External links==
{{wikisource author}}
{{Commons category|Arthur Twining Hadley}}
* {{Find a Grave}}

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{{succession box | title=[[University President|President]] of [[Yale University]] | before=[[Timothy Dwight V]] | after=[[James Rowland Angell]] | years=1899–1921}}
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{{Yale University presidents}}
{{Presidents of the American Economic Association}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Hadley, Arthur Twining}}
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[[Category:1856 births]]
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[[Category:1930 deaths]]
[[Category:Burials at Grove Street Cemetery]]
[[Category:Contributors to the Encyclopædia Britannica]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the Humboldt University of Berlin]]
[[Category:Presidents of the American Economic Association]]
[[Category:Presidents of Yale University]]
[[Category:Yale College alumni]]
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[[Category:Yale University faculty]]
[[Category:Corresponding fellows of the British Academy]]
[[Category:Members of Skull and Bones]]
[[Category:Members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters]]
[[Category:Humboldt University of Berlin alumni]]

Latest revision as of 18:59, 26 October 2024

Arthur Twining Hadley
13th President of Yale University
In office
1899–1921
Preceded byTimothy Dwight V
Succeeded byJames Rowland Angell
Personal details
Born(1856-04-23)April 23, 1856
New Haven, Connecticut, U.S.
DiedMarch 6, 1930(1930-03-06) (aged 73)
Kobe Harbor, Japan
Signature

Arthur Twining Hadley (/ˈhædliː/ ⓘ, HAD-lee;[1] April 23, 1856 – March 6, 1930[2]) was an American economist who served as President of Yale University from 1899 to 1921.

Biography

[edit]

Hadley was born in New Haven, Connecticut, the son of James Hadley, Professor of Greek at Yale 1851–1872, and his wife, née Anne Loring Morris. He graduated from Yale College in 1876, where he was a member of DKE and Skull and Bones, and received prizes in English, classics and astronomy. He then studied political science at Yale (1876–1877), and at the University of Berlin (1878–1879) under Adolph Wagner. He was a tutor at Yale in 1879–1883, instructor in political science in 1883–1886, professor of political science in 1886–1891, professor of political economy in 1891–1899, and first Dean of the Graduate School in 1892–1895. His course in economics became a favorite of undergraduates, and he wrote a classic study of the economics of railroad transportation. He became president of Yale in 1899—the first president who was not a minister—and guided it through a period of expansion and consolidation.[3][4]

c. 1920

He was commissioner of the Connecticut bureau of labor statistics in 1885–1887. As an economist he first became widely known through his investigation of the railway question and his study of railway rates, which antedated the popular excitement as to rebates. His Railroad Transportation, Its History and Laws (1885) became a standard work, and appeared in Russian (1886) and French (1887). He testified as an expert on transportation before the Senate committee which drew up the Interstate Commerce Law, and wrote on railways and transportation for the Ninth and Tenth Editions (of which he was one of the editors) of the Encyclopædia Britannica. He wrote for Lalor's Cyclopaedia of Political Science, Political Economy, and the Political History of the United States (3 vols., 1881–1884), for The American Railway (1888), and for The Railroad Gazette in 1884–1891, and for other periodicals. His idea of the broad scope of economic science, especially of the place of ethics in relation to political economy and business, is expressed in his writings and public addresses. In 1907–1908 he was Theodore Roosevelt Professor of American History and Institutions at Frederick William University.[4] In 1902, he was elected as a member to the American Philosophical Society.[5] He was an early member of the American Academy of Arts and Letters.[6]

He was elected a director of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad in 1913. In 1914 he lectured at the University of Oxford on “Institutions of the United States.” In 1915 he evoked considerable discussion in the United States by declaring that young men who looked forward to a political career should have private means so as to avoid pecuniary temptations. In 1915 he endorsed college military camps and favored counting military training for a degree.[7]

After his retirement, he and his wife went on a world cruise, visiting Europe, India, and China. As the ship was approaching Japan, Hadley contracted pneumonia and died on shipboard, and the body was prepared in Japan for return to New Haven and interment in Grove Street Cemetery. When the coffin was opened prior to burial, Hadley was clothed in a yellow Japanese kimono with a samurai sword placed alongside.

Grove Street Cemetery's Egyptian Revival gateway is inscribed The Dead Shall Be Raised, and most Yale presidents since it was built—and Hadley was no exception—have at some point quipped that the dead would most certainly be raised if Yale needs the land. Most are now buried there.

Works

[edit]

In his books, he endeavored to utilize the results of economic and political history as a basis for a working system of ethics for a democracy like that of the United States.[8] Among his works are:

  • Railroad Transportation, Its History and Laws (see notice above; 1885)
  • Report on the Labor Question (1885)
  • Economics, an Account of the Relations between Private Property and Public Welfare (1896)[9][10][11]
  • The Education of the American Citizen (1901)
  • Freedom and Responsibility (1903)
  • Baccalaureate Addresses (1907)
  • Standards of Public Morality (1907)
  • Some Influences in Modern Philosophic Thought (1913)
  • Undercurrents in American Politics (1915)
  • The Moral Basis of Democracy (1919)

Arthur Twining Hadley Prize

[edit]

An annual tradition during Yale College Class Day, the Arthur Twining Hadley Prize is "awarded to the graduating senior majoring in the social sciences who ranks highest in scholarship."[12] Recipients of this award include Jennifer Nou and Andrew Klaber.

Personal life

[edit]

He married Helen Harrison Morris on June 30, 1891, daughter of Luzon Buritt Morris, who was to become Governor of Connecticut in 1893. They had two sons, Morris and Hamilton, and one daughter, Laura.[3]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ "Hadley". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 12 November 2014.
  2. ^ "Arthur Twining Hadley". The American Economic Review. 20 (2): 364–368. 1930. JSTOR 469.
  3. ^ a b Obituary Record of Graduates of Yale University, 1929–30, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, pp. 52–7.
  4. ^ a b  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Hadley, Arthur Twining". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  5. ^ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 2021-05-19.
  6. ^ "American Academy of Arts and Letters". World Almanac and Encyclopedia 1919. New York: The Press Publishing Co. (The New York World). 1918. p. 216.
  7. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1922). "Hadley, Arthur Twining" . Encyclopædia Britannica (12th ed.). London & New York: The Encyclopædia Britannica Company.
  8. ^ Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). "Hadley, Arthur Twining" . Encyclopedia Americana.
  9. ^ Small, Albion W. (1897). "Review of Economics". American Journal of Sociology. 2 (5): 739–740. doi:10.1086/210662. ISSN 0002-9602. JSTOR 2761654.
  10. ^ "Hadley's "Economics"". Journal of Political Economy. 4 (4): 467–493. 1896. doi:10.1086/250377. ISSN 0022-3808.
  11. ^ Hollander, J. H. (1897). "Review of Economics: An Account of the Relations between Private Property and Public Welfare". The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. 9: 123–124. doi:10.1177/000271629700900312. ISSN 0002-7162. JSTOR 1009678.
  12. ^ "Arthur Twining Hadley (1902) | Office of the Secretary and Vice President for University Life". secretary.yale.edu. Retrieved 2023-07-23.

References

[edit]
[edit]
Wikisource has original works by or about:
Arthur Twining Hadley
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Arthur Twining Hadley.
Academic offices
Preceded by President of Yale University
1899–1921 		Succeeded by
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