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{{Short description|Large improvement of what is wrong, corrupt, unsatisfactory}}
{{other uses}}
{{Other uses}}
'''Reform''' ({{lang-lat|reformo}}) means the improvement or amendment of what is wrong, corrupt, unsatisfactory, etc.<ref>dictionary definition http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/reform?s=t</ref> The use of the word in this way emerges in the late 18th century and is believed to originate from [[Christopher Wyvill#The Yorkshire Association|Christopher Wyvill’s Association movement]] which identified “Parliamentary Reform” as its primary aim.<ref>Reform in English Public Life: the fortunes of a word. Joanna Innes 2003</ref>
'''Reform''' refers to the improvement or amendment of what is wrong, corrupt, unsatisfactory, etc.<ref name="dictionary">{{cite web |title=Reform |publisher=Dictionary.com |url=http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/reform?s=t |access-date=2023-02-16}}</ref> The modern usage of the word emerged in the late 18th century and is believed to have originated from [[Christopher Wyvill (reformer)|Christopher Wyvill]]'s [[Christopher Wyvill (reformer)#The Yorkshire Association|Association movement]], which identified “Parliamentary Reform” as its primary aim.<ref name="Innes">Innes, Joanna (2003). ''Reform in English Public Life: the fortunes of a word''.</ref> Reform is generally considered antithetical to [[revolution]].


⚫
[[Developing countries]] may implement a range of reforms to improve living standards, often with support from [[international financial institutions]] and [[foreign aid|aid agencies]]. This can involve reforms to [[macroeconomics|macroeconomic policy]], the [[civil service reform in developing countries|civil service]], and [[Public finance|public financial management]].
Reform is generally distinguished from [[revolution]]. The latter means basic or radical change; whereas reform may be no more than fine tuning, or at most redressing serious wrongs without altering the fundamentals of the system. Reform seeks to improve the system as it stands, never to overthrow it wholesale. Radicals on the other hand, seek to improve the system, but try to overthrow whether it be the government or a group of people themselves.


In the United States, [[rotation in office]] or [[term limits]] would, by contrast, be more revolutionary, in altering basic political connections between incumbents and constituents.<ref>On term limits reform see, [http://www.ustl.org/index.html U.S. Term Limits]. On more radical/revolutionary changes, including term limits, see, for example, Robert Struble, Jr., [http://www.tell-usa.org ''Treatise on Twelve Lights: To Restore America the Beautiful under God and the Written Constitution''], 2007-08 edition.</ref>
In the United States, [[rotation in office]] or [[term limits]] would, in contrast, be more revolutionary,{{citation needed|date=September 2023}} by altering basic political connections between incumbents and constituents.{{notetag|1=On term limits reform see, [http://www.ustl.org U.S. Term Limits]. On more radical/revolutionary changes, including term limits, see, for example, Robert Struble Jr., ''Treatise on Twelve Lights: To Restore America the Beautiful under God and the Written Constitution'', 2007–08 edition.}}
Reform capacity might be limited by the political system or [[state capacity]].<ref>Lindvall, Johannes. Reform capacity. Oxford University Press, 2017.</ref>

⚫
[[Developing countries]] may carry out a wide range of reforms to improve their living standards, often with support from [[international financial institutions]] and [[aid agencies]]. This can include reforms to [[macroeconomic policy]], the [[civil service reform in developing countries|civil service]], and [[Public finance|public financial management]].


==Re-form==
==Re-form==
When used to describe something which is ''physically'' formed again, such as re-[[casting]] it in a [[molding (process)|mold/mould]], or a [[band (music)|band]] that gets back together, the proper term is ''re-form'' (with a [[hyphen]]), not "reform".
When used to describe something which is physically formed again, such as re-[[casting]] ([[molding (process)|moulding]]) or a [[band (music)|band]] that gets back together, the proper term is ''re-form'' (with a [[hyphen]]), not "reform".{{citation needed|date=September 2023}}


== See also ==
== See also ==
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* [[Microeconomic reform]]
* [[Microeconomic reform]]
* [[Monetary reform]]
* [[Monetary reform]]
* [[Progressivism]]
* [[Reform (Religion)]]
* [[Reform (Religion)]]
* [[Reform movement]]
* [[La Reforma]]
* [[Reformism]]
* [[Reformism]]
* [[Security sector governance and reform]]
* [[Security sector governance and reform]]
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* [[University reform]]
* [[University reform]]
* [[Wall Street reform]]
* [[Wall Street reform]]

==Notes==
{{notefoot}}


==References==
==References==
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==Further reading==
==Further reading==
{{Wikiquote}}
{{Wiktionary}}
*{{Commonscatinline|Reform|}}
* Harrington, Mona. ''The Dream of Deliverance in American Politics''. New York: A.A. Knopf, 1986. x, 308 p. {{ISBN|0-394-54973-2}}
* Harrington, Mona. ''The Dream of Deliverance in American Politics''. New York: A.A. Knopf, 1986. x, 308 p. {{ISBN|0-394-54973-2}}


{{Authority control}}
==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
{{wiktionary}}


[[Category:Reform| ]]
[[Category:Reform| ]]
[[Category:18th-century neologisms]]

Latest revision as of 19:24, 26 October 2024

For other uses, see Reform (disambiguation).

Reform refers to the improvement or amendment of what is wrong, corrupt, unsatisfactory, etc.[1] The modern usage of the word emerged in the late 18th century and is believed to have originated from Christopher Wyvill's Association movement, which identified “Parliamentary Reform” as its primary aim.[2] Reform is generally considered antithetical to revolution.

Developing countries may implement a range of reforms to improve living standards, often with support from international financial institutions and aid agencies. This can involve reforms to macroeconomic policy, the civil service, and public financial management.

In the United States, rotation in office or term limits would, in contrast, be more revolutionary,[citation needed] by altering basic political connections between incumbents and constituents.[note 1] Reform capacity might be limited by the political system or state capacity.[3]

Re-form

[edit]

When used to describe something which is physically formed again, such as re-casting (moulding) or a band that gets back together, the proper term is re-form (with a hyphen), not "reform".[citation needed]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ On term limits reform see, U.S. Term Limits. On more radical/revolutionary changes, including term limits, see, for example, Robert Struble Jr., Treatise on Twelve Lights: To Restore America the Beautiful under God and the Written Constitution, 2007–08 edition.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Reform". Dictionary.com. Retrieved 2023-02-16.
  2. ^ Innes, Joanna (2003). Reform in English Public Life: the fortunes of a word.
  3. ^ Lindvall, Johannes. Reform capacity. Oxford University Press, 2017.

Further reading

[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to Reform.
Look up reform in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
  • Media related to Reform at Wikimedia Commons
  • Harrington, Mona. The Dream of Deliverance in American Politics. New York: A.A. Knopf, 1986. x, 308 p. ISBN 0-394-54973-2
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