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{{Short description|American scholar, explorer and politician}}
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'''William Marshall Anderson''' ([[1807]] – [[1881]]) was an American scholar, explorer and politician, noted for his detailed travel journals in the [[Rocky Mountains]] and [[Imperial Mexico]].
{{for|other people of a similar name|William Anderson (disambiguation){{!}}William Anderson}}
[[File:William Marshall Anderson House.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Anderson's house in Circleville, Ohio]]
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'''William Marshall Anderson''' (1807–1881) was an American scholar, explorer and politician, noted for his detailed travel journals in the [[Rocky Mountains]] and [[Second Mexican Empire|Imperial Mexico]].


==Background==
He was born into a large and prominent family, originally from [[Virginia]], that had settled in [[Kentucky]] and [[Ohio]] after the [[Revolutionary War]]. His father had been aide-de-camp to [[Lafayette]] at the [[Battle of Yorktown]]. His mother was cousin both to Chief Justice [[John Marshall]] and to [[William Clark]] of the [[Lewis and Clark expedition]]. His elder brother [[Robert Anderson]] was the Col. Anderson forced to surrender [[Fort Sumter]] at the start of the American [[Civil War]]. His younger brother [[Charles Anderson]] was Governor of Ohio.<ref>Most surviving manuscripts and letters are at the Huntington Library.[http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt98700720&doc.view=entire_text&brand=oac]</ref>
Anderson was born into a large and prominent family, originally from [[Virginia]], that had settled in [[Kentucky]] and [[Ohio]] after the [[American Revolutionary War]]. His father, [[Richard Clough Anderson Sr.]], had been aide-de-camp to [[Gilbert du Motier, marquis de Lafayette|Lafayette]]<ref name=WCPO>{{Cite web|url=https://www.wcpo.com/news/insider/meet-the-andersons-a-family-of-repute-with-local-roots-that-shaped-the-course-of-us-history|title=The Anderson family: It's all in the genes|date=2016-07-19|website=WCPO|language=en|access-date=2019-01-06}}</ref> at the [[Siege of Yorktown|Battle of Yorktown]]. His mother was cousin both to Chief Justice [[John Marshall]] and to [[William Clark (explorer)|William Clark]] of the [[Lewis and Clark Expedition]]. His elder brother [[Robert Anderson (Civil War)|Robert Anderson]] was the Major Anderson forced to surrender [[Fort Sumter]] at the start of the [[American Civil War]]. His younger brother [[Charles Anderson (governor)|Charles Anderson]] was Governor of Ohio.<ref>[http://content.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt98700720&doc.view=entire_text&brand=oac Most surviving manuscripts and letters are at the Huntington Library]</ref>
In 1834 Marshall, as he was known, took a trip west with a fur-trading party and kept a journal describing his encounters with the explorers and mountain men of the time, including [[Kit Carson]] and [[Jim Bridger]]<ref>''Rocky Mountain Journals'': see listing under Books.</ref>.
In 1834, Marshall, as he was known, took a trip west with a fur-trading party and kept a journal describing his encounters with the explorers and mountain men of the time, including [[Kit Carson]] and [[Jim Bridger]].<ref name="RMJ">''The Rocky Mountain journals of William Marshall Anderson: the West in 1834'' (1967)</ref>


Returning to Ohio he set up a law practice in [[Chillicothe]], married the daughter of former governor [[Duncan McArthur]], ran unsuccessfully for Congress, and with his brother Larz managed legal and financial matters for the [[Archdiocese of Cincinnati]]. From at least 1839 onwards he was a devout and zealous Catholic.<ref>Ibid.</ref>
Returning to Ohio he set up a law practice in [[Chillicothe, Ohio|Chillicothe]], married the daughter of former governor [[Duncan McArthur]], ran unsuccessfully for Congress, and with his brother Larz managed legal and financial matters for the [[Archdiocese of Cincinnati]]. From at least 1839 onwards he was a devout and zealous Catholic.<ref name="RMJ" />


In the 1865, Anderson journeyed to Mexico, ostensibly on an archeological expedition, in order to join the "New Virginia Colony" of several thousand ex-Confederates and sympathizers<ref>Biographical notes accompanying the published journals.</ref>. This venture was established by Confederate naval engineer [[Matthew Fontaine Maury]], with the support and sponsorship of Maury's friend, [[Emperor Maximilian]]. As Maximilian's government began to crumble, so did the New Virginia Colony. Weakened with yellow fever, Anderson went to Vera Cruz in 1866 and took a ship back to the USA.<ref>Andrew F. Rolle, The lost cause: the Confederate exodus to Mexico. 1992, University of Oklahoma Press.</ref><ref>See also Anderson's own diaries, published as An American in Maximilian's Mexico.</ref> For his remaining fifteen years he lived mostly in Circleville, Ohio, sometimes traveling on archeological explorations. [[William Marshall Anderson House]] in Circleville is on the National Register of Historic Places.
In 1865, Anderson journeyed to Mexico, ostensibly on an archaeological expedition, in order to help plan the [[New Virginia Colony]], a resettlement venture for ex-Confederates and sympathizers.<ref>Biographical notes accompanying the published journals.</ref> The Colony was conceived and promoted by a former USN & CSN officer and internationally famous oceanographer [[Matthew Fontaine Maury]] with the support and sponsorship of [[Maximilian I of Mexico|Emperor Maximilian]]. As Napoleon III started withdrawing his French troops due to political pressure, Maximilian's government began to crumble, so did the New Virginia Colony. However, all, including Maximilian, had plenty of time to leave Mexico. Maximilian chose to stay and do the best he could with what he saw as his duty to Mexico and her people. Anderson, weakened with yellow fever, went to Vera Cruz in 1866 and took a ship back to the USA.<ref>Andrew F. Rolle, The lost cause: the Confederate exodus to Mexico. 1992, University of Oklahoma Press.</ref><ref>See also Anderson's own diaries, published as An American in Maximilian's Mexico.</ref> For his remaining fifteen years he lived mostly in [[Circleville, Ohio]], sometimes traveling on archeological explorations. [[William Marshall Anderson House|His house]] in Circleville is on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].


W. Marshall Anderson's son [[Thomas McArthur Anderson]], was a decorated officer in the Civil War and again many years later during the Spanish-American War and the Philippine Insurrection that followed.<ref>Thomas's career is better documented than his father's. See for example:[http://www.lib.washington.edu/specialcoll/findaids/docs/photosgraphics/AndersonThomasMcArthurPHColl144.xml][http://aotw.org/officers.php?officer_id=451]</ref>
W. Marshall Anderson's son [[Thomas McArthur Anderson]] was a decorated officer in the Civil War and again many years later during the Spanish–American War and the Philippine Insurrection that followed.<ref>Thomas's career is better documented than his father's. See for example:[http://www.lib.washington.edu/specialcoll/findaids/docs/photosgraphics/AndersonThomasMcArthurPHColl144.xml][http://aotw.org/officers.php?officer_id=451]</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


== Books ==
==Further reading==
* ''The Rocky Mountain journals of William Marshall Anderson: the West in 1834'' (1967)
* ''The Rocky Mountain journals of William Marshall Anderson: the West in 1834'' (1967)
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* ''An American in Maximilian's Mexico, 1865–1866; the diaries of William Marshall Anderson'', ed. by [[Ramón Eduardo Ruiz]] (1959)


{{Authority control}}
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* ''An American in Maximilian's Mexico, 1865-1866; the diaries of William Marshall Anderson'', ed. by Ramón Eduardo Ruiz (1959)


{{DEFAULTSORT:Anderson, William}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Anderson, William}}
[[Category: 1807 births]]
[[Category:1807 births]]
[[Category: 1881 deaths]]
[[Category:1881 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century American explorers]]
[[Category:19th-century Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:American expatriates in Mexico]]
[[Category:American Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:American scholars]]
[[Category:Ohio politicians]]
[[Category:Ohio politicians]]
[[Category:People from Chillicothe, Ohio]]
[[Category:People from Circleville, Ohio]]

Latest revision as of 20:45, 26 October 2024

For other people of a similar name, see William Anderson.
Anderson's house in Circleville, Ohio

William Marshall Anderson (1807–1881) was an American scholar, explorer and politician, noted for his detailed travel journals in the Rocky Mountains and Imperial Mexico.

Background

[edit]

Anderson was born into a large and prominent family, originally from Virginia, that had settled in Kentucky and Ohio after the American Revolutionary War. His father, Richard Clough Anderson Sr., had been aide-de-camp to Lafayette[1] at the Battle of Yorktown. His mother was cousin both to Chief Justice John Marshall and to William Clark of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. His elder brother Robert Anderson was the Major Anderson forced to surrender Fort Sumter at the start of the American Civil War. His younger brother Charles Anderson was Governor of Ohio.[2]

In 1834, Marshall, as he was known, took a trip west with a fur-trading party and kept a journal describing his encounters with the explorers and mountain men of the time, including Kit Carson and Jim Bridger.[3]

Returning to Ohio he set up a law practice in Chillicothe, married the daughter of former governor Duncan McArthur, ran unsuccessfully for Congress, and with his brother Larz managed legal and financial matters for the Archdiocese of Cincinnati. From at least 1839 onwards he was a devout and zealous Catholic.[3]

In 1865, Anderson journeyed to Mexico, ostensibly on an archaeological expedition, in order to help plan the New Virginia Colony, a resettlement venture for ex-Confederates and sympathizers.[4] The Colony was conceived and promoted by a former USN & CSN officer and internationally famous oceanographer Matthew Fontaine Maury with the support and sponsorship of Emperor Maximilian. As Napoleon III started withdrawing his French troops due to political pressure, Maximilian's government began to crumble, so did the New Virginia Colony. However, all, including Maximilian, had plenty of time to leave Mexico. Maximilian chose to stay and do the best he could with what he saw as his duty to Mexico and her people. Anderson, weakened with yellow fever, went to Vera Cruz in 1866 and took a ship back to the USA.[5][6] For his remaining fifteen years he lived mostly in Circleville, Ohio, sometimes traveling on archeological explorations. His house in Circleville is on the National Register of Historic Places.

W. Marshall Anderson's son Thomas McArthur Anderson was a decorated officer in the Civil War and again many years later during the Spanish–American War and the Philippine Insurrection that followed.[7]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "The Anderson family: It's all in the genes". WCPO. 2016-07-19. Retrieved 2019-01-06.
  2. ^ Most surviving manuscripts and letters are at the Huntington Library
  3. ^ a b The Rocky Mountain journals of William Marshall Anderson: the West in 1834 (1967)
  4. ^ Biographical notes accompanying the published journals.
  5. ^ Andrew F. Rolle, The lost cause: the Confederate exodus to Mexico. 1992, University of Oklahoma Press.
  6. ^ See also Anderson's own diaries, published as An American in Maximilian's Mexico.
  7. ^ Thomas's career is better documented than his father's. See for example:[1][2]

Further reading

[edit]
  • The Rocky Mountain journals of William Marshall Anderson: the West in 1834 (1967)
  • An American in Maximilian's Mexico, 1865–1866; the diaries of William Marshall Anderson, ed. by Ramón Eduardo Ruiz (1959)
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