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{{Short description|Russian Governor-General of Warsaw}}
{{Expand Russian|Имеретинский, Александр Константинович|date=December 2017}}
{{for|Tsarevich Aleksandr Archilovich Imeretinsky|Prince Alexander of Imereti (1674–1711)}}
{{for|Tsarevich Aleksandr Archilovich Imeretinsky|Prince Alexander of Imereti (1674–1711)}}
{{Expand Russian|topic=bio|date=December 2017}}
{{Infobox military person
{{Infobox person
⚫
|name = Alexander Bagration-Imeretinsky

⚫
|native_name =
⚫
|name = Alexander Bagration-Imeretinsky
|native_name_lang = ალექსანდრე კონსტანტინეს ძე ბაგრატიონ-იმერეტინსკი
|native_name = ალექსანდრე კონსტანტინეს ძე ბაგრატიონ-იმერეტინსკი
⚫
|honorific-suffix =
|native_name_lang = ka
|image = Alexander Imeretinsky (1837-1900).jpg
⚫
|honorific-suffix =
|imagesize = 250
|alt =
|image = Alexander Imeretinsky (1837-1900).jpg
|caption = Imeretinsky as full general, before 1900
|alt =
|caption = Imeretinsky as full general, before 1900
|order =
|birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|1837|09|24}}
⚫
|birth_place = [[Moscow]]
⚫
|allegiance ={{flag|Russian Empire}}
⚫
|death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1900|11|17|1837|09|24}}
⚫
|office = [[Russian Poland|Governor-General of Warsaw]] (Viceroy)
⚫
|death_place =
⚫
|succeeding = <!--For President-elect or equivalent-->
⚫
|restingplace =
⚫
|predecessor = [[Pavel Andreyevich Shuvalov|Count Paul Shuvalov]]
|module = {{infobox officeholder
⚫
|successor = [[:ru:Чертков, Михаил Иванович|Michail Ivanovich Chertkov]]
⚫
|embed = yes
|birth_date = {{Birth date|df=y|1837|09|24}}
⚫
|office = [[Russian Poland|Governor-General of Warsaw]] (Viceroy)
⚫
|birth_place =
⚫
|succeeding = <!--For President-elect or equivalent-->
⚫
|death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1900|11|17|1837|09|24}}
⚫
|predecessor = [[Pavel Andreyevich Shuvalov|Count Paul Shuvalov]]
|death_place =
⚫
|successor = [[:ru:Чертков, Михаил Иванович|Michail Ivanovich Chertkov]]}}
⚫
|restingplace =
|nationality = [[Georgians|Georgian]]
|module2 = {{infobox military person
|embed = yes
⚫
|commands = [[Leningrad Military District|St Petersburg Military District]]<br>[[Governor-general]] of [[Warsaw]]
⚫
|allegiance = [[Russian Empire]]
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|battles =
|unit = Tiflis Grenadier Regiment
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|rank = [[File:Imperial Russian Army 1904-a-p18r.png|30px]] [[General of the Infantry (Imperial Russia)|General of the Infantry]] &<br>[[Adjutant General]]
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|commands = 6th Army Corps<br>Russian army in Warsaw<br>Russian army in Turkey<br>[[Warsaw Military District (Russian Empire)|Warsaw Military District]]<br>[[Petersburg Military District (Russian Empire)|Petersburg Military District]]<br>[[Governor-general]] of [[Warsaw]]
⚫
|awards = [[File:RUS Order of St. Alexander Nevsky BAR.png|40px]] [[File:RUS Order White Eagle BAR.png|40px]] [[File:OrderStGeorge4cl rib.png|40px]] [[File:OrderStGeorge4cl rib.png|40px]]<br>[[File:RUS Order św. Włodzimierza (baretka).svg|40px]] [[File:RUS Order św. Włodzimierza (baretka).svg|40px]] [[File:RUS Order św. Włodzimierza (baretka).svg|40px]] [[File:Order of Saint Anna ribbon bar.svg|40px]]<br>[[File:Order of Saint Anna ribbon bar.svg|40px]] [[File:RUS Order św. Stanisława (baretka).svg|40px]] [[File:Ord.Aquilarossa-GC.png|40px]] [[File:Ord.Aquilarossa-GUff..png|40px]]<br>[[File:Ord.Aquilarossa-COM.png|40px]] [[File:PRU Order of Crown ribbon.svg|40px]] [[File:D-PRU Pour le Merite 1 BAR.svg|40px]] [[File:Ord Leopold-GC.png|40px]]<br>[[File:Ord.Franz.Joseph-GC.png|40px]] [[File:Order of the Cross of Takovo (Serbia) - ribbon bar.png|40px]] [[File:ROM Order of the Star of Romania 1877 GCross BAR.svg|40px]] [[File:ROM Order of the Star of Romania 1877 GCross BAR.svg|40px]]<br>[[File:Legion Honneur GC ribbon.svg|40px]] [[File:GRE Order Redeemer 1Class.png|40px]] [[File:Order of the Osmanie lenta.png|40px]] [[File:DNK Order of Danebrog Grand Cross BAR.png|40px]]<br>[[File:Cavaliere di gran Croce Regno SSML BAR.svg|40px]] [[File:Order of the White Elephant - 1st Class (Thailand) ribbon.png|40px]]
|battles =
⚫
|rank = [[Adjutant general]] in the rank of [[General of the Infantry (Imperial Russia)|General of the Infantry]]
⚫
|awards = [[File:RUS Order of St. Alexander Nevsky BAR.png|40px]] [[File:RUS Order White Eagle BAR.png|40px]] [[File:RUS Order of Saint George 4th class ribbon 2000.svg|40px]] [[File:RUS Order of Saint George 4th class ribbon 2000.svg|40px]]<br>[[File:RUS Order św. Włodzimierza (baretka).svg|40px]] [[File:RUS Order św. Włodzimierza (baretka).svg|40px]] [[File:RUS Order św. Włodzimierza (baretka).svg|40px]] [[File:Order of Saint Anna ribbon bar.svg|40px]]<br>[[File:Order of Saint Anna ribbon bar.svg|40px]] [[File:RUS Order św. Stanisława (baretka).svg|40px]] [[File:Ord.Aquilarossa-GC.png|40px]] [[File:Ord.Aquilarossa-GUff..png|40px]]<br>[[File:Ord.Aquilarossa-COM.png|40px]] [[File:PRU Order of Crown ribbon.svg|40px]] [[File:D-PRU Pour le Merite 1 BAR.svg|40px]] [[File:Ord Leopold-GC.png|40px]]<br>[[File:Ord.Franz.Joseph-GC.png|40px]] [[File:Order of the Cross of Takovo (Serbia) - ribbon bar.png|40px]] [[File:ROM Order of the Star of Romania 1877 GCross BAR.svg|40px]] [[File:ROM Order of the Star of Romania 1877 GCross BAR.svg|40px]]<br>[[File:Legion Honneur GC ribbon.svg|40px]] [[File:GRE Order Redeemer 1Class.svg|40px]] [[File:Order of the Osmanie lenta.png|40px]] [[File:DNK Order of Danebrog Grand Cross BAR.png|40px]]<br>[[File:Cavaliere di gran Croce Regno SSML BAR.svg|40px]] [[File:Order of the White Elephant - 1st Class (Thailand) ribbon.svg|40px]]
'''Weapons:'''<br>[[File:Фрачный знак--.jpg|40px]] [[Gold Sword for Bravery]]
'''Weapons:'''<br>[[File:Фрачный знак--.jpg|40px]] [[Gold Sword for Bravery]]
⚫
}}}}
|religion = [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Georgian Orthodox]]
⚫
}}


'''Alexander Konstantinovich Bagration-Imeretinsky''' ({{lang-pl|Aleksandr Imeretyński}}, {{lang-ru|Алекса́ндр Константи́нович Имере́тинский}}, {{lang-ka|ალექსანდრე კონსტანტინეს ძე ბაგრატიონ-იმერეტინსკი}}) (24 September 1837 - 17 November 1900) was a [[Georgia (country)|Georgian]] royal [[prince]] (''[[batonishvili]]'') and a General of the [[Imperial Russian Army|Russian Imperial Army]]. A hero of the [[Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)|Russo-Turkish War of 1877]], he served as [[Namiestnik of Poland|Governor-General of Warsaw]] in Poland, where he was known for his liberal policies that ultimately led to his replacement by the Russian authorities.
'''Alexander Konstantinovich Bagration-Imeretinsky''' ({{lang-ka|ალექსანდრე კონსტანტინეს ძე ბაგრატიონ-იმერეტინსკი}} (''Aleksandre Konstantines dze Bagration-Imeretinski''), {{langx|ru|Алекса́ндр Константи́нович Имере́тинский}}, {{langx|pl|Aleksandr Imeretyński}}) (24 September 1837 - 17 November 1900) was a [[Georgia (country)|Georgian]] royal [[prince]] (''[[batonishvili]]'') and a General of the [[Imperial Russian Army|Russian Imperial Army]]. A hero of the [[Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)|Russo-Turkish War of 1877]], he served as [[Namiestnik of Poland|Governor-General of Warsaw]] in Poland, where he was known for his liberal policies that ultimately led to his replacement by the Russian authorities. As a general he has also been described as calm, morally balanced, and relatively humble in the success of his duties.


==Family==
==Family==
Alexander Imeretinsky was born in [[Moscow]] [[Gubernia]] on 24 September 1837 to a [[Georgia (country)|Georgian]] [[royal family]] of [[Bagrationi Dynasty|Bagrationi]]. His father, [[Prince Constantine of Imereti]] was a head of the royal house of the former [[Kingdom of Imereti]] (annexed by Russia in 1810) and a [[Major General]] in Russian army. Imeretinsky graduated from [[Page Corps]] in [[Saint Petersburg]].
Alexander Imeretinsky was born in [[Moscow]] [[Gubernia]] on 24 September 1837 to a [[Georgia (country)|Georgian]] [[royal family]] of [[Imeretinsky]], a sub branch of the [[Bagrationi dynasty]]. His father, [[Prince Constantine of Imereti]] was a head of the royal house of the former [[Kingdom of Imereti]] (annexed by Russia in 1810) and a [[Major General]] in Russian army. Imeretinsky graduated from [[Page Corps]] in [[Saint Petersburg]].


==Imperial Russian service==
==Imperial Russian service==
{{Expand section|date=December 2017}}
⚫
Since 1855 he served in [[Russian Imperial Guard]] (''Mounted Pioneers'' squad). He took part in the [[Caucasian War]] against [[Chechens]] and [[Dagestan]]is (1856-1859 with Georgian [[Grenadier]]s Regiment) then studied at the [[Nicholas General Staff Academy]] (1862–1863). He took part in submission of Polish [[January Uprising]] in 1863, then became the chief of staff of Russian Army in [[Warsaw]] (1867). Since 1867 he is a [[Major General]], since 1869 the Commander of the Warsaw [[Military District]]. During the [[Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)]] Imeretinsky was the Commander of the Second Infantry Division taking part in the [[Battle of Lovcha]] (together with [[Mikhail Skobelev]]) and the [[Siege of Plevna]]. After the storming of Plevna he became a [[Lieutenant General]]. In 1879 he became the chief of [[Leningrad Military District|Petersburg Military District]]. In 1881-1886 he became the Military Procurator-in-Chief of Russia (responsible among other things for the investigation and persecution of the organizers of murder of Emperor [[Alexander II of Russia]] (1881). Since 1882 he became a member of [[State Council of Imperial Russia]].

In 1855 Imeretinsky served in a mounted [[Russian Imperial Guard|Imperial Guard]] [[Pioneer (military)|pioneer]] squadron. From 1856 to 1859 he took part in the [[Caucasian War]] against [[Chechens]] and [[Dagestan]]is with a Georgian [[Grenadier]] Regiment, during which he was promoted to [[lieutenant colonel]] upon request on January 31, 1857.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=ალექსანდრე კონსტანტინეს-ძე ბაგრატიონ-იმერეტინსკი |url=http://georoyal.ge/?MTID=1&TID=82&id=737 |access-date=2022-04-06 |website=georoyal.ge}}</ref> He then studied at the [[Nicholas General Staff Academy]] (1859–1863). He took part in suppressing the Polish [[January Uprising]] in 1863, earning the Captaincy for Distinguished Service on July 4 of that year,<ref name=":0" /> and in 1876 became chief of staff of the Russian Army in [[Warsaw]]. Consequently, Imteretinsky was appointed commander of the Warsaw [[Military District]] in 1869.

⚫
During the [[Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)]] he led the Second Infantry Division in the [[Battle of Lovcha]] together with [[Mikhail Skobelev]], and participated in the [[Siege of Plevna]]. After the storming of Plevna he was promoted to [[Lieutenant General]] and earned the [[Order of St. George]] 4th Class on August 22. In 1879 he became the chief of the [[Petersburg Military District (Russian Empire)|Petersburg Military District]]. From 1881 to 1886 he acted as Military Procurator-in-Chief of Russia and was responsible among other things, for the investigation and persecution of the organizers of the murder of Emperor [[Alexander II of Russia]] (1881). In 1882 Imeretinsky became a member of [[State Council of Imperial Russia]].


===Governor-General of Warsaw===
===Governor-General of Warsaw===
In 1897 he replaced [[Pavel Andreyevich Shuvalov]] as the [[Governor-general of Warsaw]]. He was a supporter of Polish-Russian cooperation, and thought that Poles would voluntarily integrate themselves into the [[Russian Empire]] if given the choice and fair treatment. For that reason he removed some restrictive laws, such as one that forbade use of the [[Polish language]] in schools, and dismissed the unpopular oveseerer of education system, [[Alexander Apuchtin]]. He also gave permission to erect a monument to [[Adam Mickiewicz]], the great Polish poet.
In 1897 he replaced [[Pavel Andreyevich Shuvalov]] as the [[Governor-general of Warsaw]]. He was a supporter of Polish-Russian cooperation, and thought that Poles would voluntarily integrate themselves into the [[Russian Empire]] if given the choice and fair treatment. For that reason he removed some restrictive laws, such as one that forbade use of the [[Polish language]] in schools, and dismissed the unpopular overseer of education system, [[Alexander Apuchtin]]. With the influence of [[Nicholas II|Emperor Nicholas II]], other restrictive laws on Catholicism and the Polish press were also softened.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1897-09-13 |title=CZAR'S VISIT TO WARSAW; Slavic Press Says It Has Sensibly Diminished the Ill Feeling in Poland. MODERATE POLICY IN VOGUE Reforms Instituted by the New Governor General -- More Freedom for Press and Religion -- National Poet to Have a Statue. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1897/09/13/archives/czars-visit-to-warsaw-slavic-press-says-it-has-sensibly-diminished.html |access-date=2024-08-29 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Imeretinsky also gave permission to erect a monument to [[Adam Mickiewicz]], the great Polish poet.


He was criticized for his liberal stance by certain Russian and Polish factions. After [[Polish Socialist Party]] in 1898 published an article critical of Imeretinsky's liberal policy, it gained much notoriety, and he was dismissed in 1900, dying on 17 November that year.
He was criticized for his liberal stance by certain Russian and Polish factions. After the [[Polish Socialist Party]] published an article critical of Imeretinsky's liberal policy in 1898, it gained much notoriety, and Imeretinsky was dismissed in 1900, dying on 17 November that year.


==Awards==
==Awards==
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* [[Order of the White Eagle (Poland)|Order of the White Eagle]] (1882)
* [[Order of the White Eagle (Poland)|Order of the White Eagle]] (1882)
* [[Order of St. Alexander Nevsky]] (1885)
* [[Order of St. Alexander Nevsky]] (1885)
* Captaincy for Distinguished Service{{Citation needed|date=April 2022}} (1863)


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
* [http://www.rulex.ru/01090247.htm Biography] {{ru icon}}
* [http://www.4dw.net/royalark/Georgia/imerati10.htm Imeretinsky royal family]
* [http://www.rulex.ru/01090247.htm Biography] {{in lang|ru}}
* [https://www.georoyal.ge/?MTID=1&TID=82&id=737 Forum Page] (In Georgian, no citations)
{{Governors-General of Warsaw}}
{{Governors-General of Warsaw}}

{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Imeretinsky, Alexander}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Imeretinsky, Alexander}}
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[[Category:1900 deaths]]
[[Category:1900 deaths]]
[[Category:Bagrationi dynasty of the Kingdom of Imereti]]
[[Category:Bagrationi dynasty of the Kingdom of Imereti]]
[[Category:Russian people of Georgian descent]]
[[Category:People from the Russian Empire of Georgian descent]]
[[Category:Governors-General of Warsaw]]
[[Category:Governors-general of Warsaw]]
[[Category:Imperial Russian Army generals]]
[[Category:Georgian generals in the Imperial Russian Army]]
[[Category:Georgian generals in imperial Russian service]]
[[Category:Georgian generals with the rank "General of the Infantry" (Imperial Russia)]]
[[Category:Georgian generals of the infantry]]
[[Category:Members of the State Council (Russian Empire)]]
[[Category:Generals from Georgia (country)]]
[[Category:Members of the State Council of the Russian Empire]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus (Russian), 1st class]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Saint Stanislaus (Russian), 1st class]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russian)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Russia)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 1st class]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of St. Vladimir, 1st class]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Third Degree]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of St. George of the Third Degree]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of St. Anna, 1st class]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Gold Sword for Bravery]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Gold Sword for Bravery]]
[[Category:Burials at Lazarevskoe Cemetery (Saint Petersburg)]]

Latest revision as of 05:21, 27 October 2024

For Tsarevich Aleksandr Archilovich Imeretinsky, see Prince Alexander of Imereti (1674–1711).
Alexander Bagration-Imeretinsky
ალექსანდრე კონსტანტინეს ძე ბაგრატიონ-იმერეტინსკი
Imeretinsky as full general, before 1900
Born(1837-09-24)24 September 1837
Moscow
Died17 November 1900(1900-11-17) (aged 63)
Governor-General of Warsaw (Viceroy)
Preceded byCount Paul Shuvalov
Succeeded byMichail Ivanovich Chertkov
Military career
AllegianceRussian Empire
RankAdjutant general in the rank of General of the Infantry
UnitTiflis Grenadier Regiment
Commands6th Army Corps
Russian army in Warsaw
Russian army in Turkey
Warsaw Military District
Petersburg Military District
Governor-general of Warsaw
Awards





Weapons:
Gold Sword for Bravery

Alexander Konstantinovich Bagration-Imeretinsky (Georgian: ალექსანდრე კონსტანტინეს ძე ბაგრატიონ-იმერეტინსკი (Aleksandre Konstantines dze Bagration-Imeretinski), Russian: Алекса́ндр Константи́нович Имере́тинский, Polish: Aleksandr Imeretyński) (24 September 1837 - 17 November 1900) was a Georgian royal prince (batonishvili) and a General of the Russian Imperial Army. A hero of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877, he served as Governor-General of Warsaw in Poland, where he was known for his liberal policies that ultimately led to his replacement by the Russian authorities. As a general he has also been described as calm, morally balanced, and relatively humble in the success of his duties.

Family

[edit]

Alexander Imeretinsky was born in Moscow Gubernia on 24 September 1837 to a Georgian royal family of Imeretinsky, a sub branch of the Bagrationi dynasty. His father, Prince Constantine of Imereti was a head of the royal house of the former Kingdom of Imereti (annexed by Russia in 1810) and a Major General in Russian army. Imeretinsky graduated from Page Corps in Saint Petersburg.

Imperial Russian service

[edit]

In 1855 Imeretinsky served in a mounted Imperial Guard pioneer squadron. From 1856 to 1859 he took part in the Caucasian War against Chechens and Dagestanis with a Georgian Grenadier Regiment, during which he was promoted to lieutenant colonel upon request on January 31, 1857.[1] He then studied at the Nicholas General Staff Academy (1859–1863). He took part in suppressing the Polish January Uprising in 1863, earning the Captaincy for Distinguished Service on July 4 of that year,[1] and in 1876 became chief of staff of the Russian Army in Warsaw. Consequently, Imteretinsky was appointed commander of the Warsaw Military District in 1869.

During the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) he led the Second Infantry Division in the Battle of Lovcha together with Mikhail Skobelev, and participated in the Siege of Plevna. After the storming of Plevna he was promoted to Lieutenant General and earned the Order of St. George 4th Class on August 22. In 1879 he became the chief of the Petersburg Military District. From 1881 to 1886 he acted as Military Procurator-in-Chief of Russia and was responsible among other things, for the investigation and persecution of the organizers of the murder of Emperor Alexander II of Russia (1881). In 1882 Imeretinsky became a member of State Council of Imperial Russia.

Governor-General of Warsaw

[edit]

In 1897 he replaced Pavel Andreyevich Shuvalov as the Governor-general of Warsaw. He was a supporter of Polish-Russian cooperation, and thought that Poles would voluntarily integrate themselves into the Russian Empire if given the choice and fair treatment. For that reason he removed some restrictive laws, such as one that forbade use of the Polish language in schools, and dismissed the unpopular overseer of education system, Alexander Apuchtin. With the influence of Emperor Nicholas II, other restrictive laws on Catholicism and the Polish press were also softened.[2] Imeretinsky also gave permission to erect a monument to Adam Mickiewicz, the great Polish poet.

He was criticized for his liberal stance by certain Russian and Polish factions. After the Polish Socialist Party published an article critical of Imeretinsky's liberal policy in 1898, it gained much notoriety, and Imeretinsky was dismissed in 1900, dying on 17 November that year.

Awards

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "ალექსანდრე კონსტანტინეს-ძე ბაგრატიონ-იმერეტინსკი". georoyal.ge. Retrieved 2022-04-06.
  2. ^ "CZAR'S VISIT TO WARSAW; Slavic Press Says It Has Sensibly Diminished the Ill Feeling in Poland. MODERATE POLICY IN VOGUE Reforms Instituted by the New Governor General -- More Freedom for Press and Religion -- National Poet to Have a Statue". The New York Times. 1897-09-13. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-08-29.
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