Dictionaries of the Polish language: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Reference works for the Polish language}} |
{{short description|Reference works for the Polish language}} |
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[[File:Wielki_słownik_ortograficzny_PWN_2016.jpg|thumb|A modern dictionary of Polish language (here, an orthographical dictionary – ''Wielki słownik ortograficzny'' – published by PWN in 2016)]] |
[[File:Wielki_słownik_ortograficzny_PWN_2016.jpg|thumb|A modern dictionary of Polish language (here, an orthographical dictionary – ''Wielki słownik ortograficzny'' – published by PWN in 2016)]] |
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''' |
The earliest '''dictionaries of the Polish language''' were bilingual aids, usually Polish–[[Latin]], and date to the 15th century. The first dictionary dedicated solely to the [[Polish language]] was published in the early 19th century. Many dictionaries of the Polish language are named simply "the Dictionary of the Polish Language" ({{langx|pl|Słownik języka polskiego}}) or in similar fashion. |
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== Bilingual == |
== Bilingual == |
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[[File:Vocabularis_breviloquus_BUAM.JPG|thumb|One of the earliest Polish-Latin dictionaries, ''{{ill|Vocabularis breviloquus|pl|Słownik łacińsko-polski Bartłomieja z Bydgoszczy}}'', from 1532]] |
[[File:Vocabularis_breviloquus_BUAM.JPG|thumb|One of the earliest Polish-Latin dictionaries, ''{{ill|Vocabularis breviloquus|pl|Słownik łacińsko-polski Bartłomieja z Bydgoszczy}}'', from 1532]] |
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The first Polish dictionaries took the form of Polish–[[Latin]] (or more |
The first Polish dictionaries took the form of Polish–[[Latin]] (or more correctly, [[Old Polish]]–Latin) [[Bilingual dictionary|bilingual translation aids]] and date to the 15th century.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Michałowska|first=Teresa|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/768346543|title=Literatura polskiego średniowiecza : leksykon|date=2011|publisher=Wydawn. Nauk. PWN|isbn=978-83-01-16675-5|edition=Wyd. 1|location=Warszawa|pages=769|language=Polish|oclc=768346543|access-date=2021-06-14|archive-date=2021-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211019181340/https://www.worldcat.org/title/literatura-polskiego-sredniowiecza-leksykon/oclc/768346543|url-status=live}}</ref> The oldest known one is the ''{{ill|Wokabularz trydencki|pl|Wokabularz trydencki}}'' from 1424; it contains about 500 entries, and is associated with the Prince [[Alexander of Masovia]].<ref name="Stankiewicz2016">{{cite book|author=Edward Stankiewicz|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7XpdDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA45|title=Grammars and Dictionaries of the Slavic Languages from the Middle Ages up to 1850: An Annotated Bibliography|date=21 November 2016|publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG|isbn=978-3-11-085971-3|page=|access-date=14 June 2021|archive-date=14 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614044121/https://books.google.com/books?id=7XpdDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA45|url-status=live}}</ref>{{Rp|45}}<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kaczyńska|first=Barbara|date=2019|title=Wokabularz trydencki jako przykład leksykografii średniowiecznej|url=https://apcz.umk.pl/SZC/article/view/SZ.2019.03|journal=Studia Źródłoznawcze. Commentationes|language=pl|volume=57|pages=47–97|doi=10.12775/SZ.2019.03|s2cid=242709756 |issn=2451-1331|doi-access=free}}</ref>{{Rp|73}} The largest of those earliest dictionaries was the [[Silesia|Silesian]] ''Mamotrekt kaliski'' (from {{circa|1470}}), with about 7,000 entries.<ref name="Klemensiewicz1985" />{{Rp|139}} The 16th century saw a proliferation of printed dictionaries; the first of those were written abroad and reprinted in Poland. The first such dictionary was the trilingual German–Latin–Polish ''{{ill|Dictionarius Ioannis Murmellii variarum rerum|pl|Słownik Murmeliusza}}'' from 1526. It had about 2,500 entries and was based on the work of the Dutch scholar [[Johannes Murmellius]] and published in Poland by [[Hieronim Wietor]] (most likely with Wietor responsible for the German part, and {{ill|Hieronim Spiczyński|pl|Hieronim Spiczyński}} for the Polish).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dictionarius Ioannis Murmellii variarum rerum, Kraków 1526|url=http://www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl/slowniki/42/dictionarius-ioannis-murmellii-variarum-rerum-krakow-1526|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-16|website=SŁOWNIKI DAWNE I WSPÓŁCZESNE. www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624195226/http://www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl/slowniki/42/dictionarius-ioannis-murmellii-variarum-rerum-krakow-1526}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Walczak|first=Bogdan|date=2001|title=Słownik Murmeliusza na tle leksykografii polskiej XVI wieku|url=https://bazhum.muzhp.pl/media/files/Rocznik_Wielunski/Rocznik_Wielunski-r2001-t1/Rocznik_Wielunski-r2001-t1-s7-16/Rocznik_Wielunski-r2001-t1-s7-16.pdf|journal=Rocznik Wieluński|language=Polish|volume=1|pages=7–16|access-date=2021-06-16|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624195725/https://bazhum.muzhp.pl/media/files/Rocznik_Wielunski/Rocznik_Wielunski-r2001-t1/Rocznik_Wielunski-r2001-t1-s7-16/Rocznik_Wielunski-r2001-t1-s7-16.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Skoczylas-Stawska|first=Honorata|date=2001|title=Cechy dialektalne w języku Hieronima z Wielunia – Spiczyńskiego|url=http://bazhum.muzhp.pl/media//files/Rocznik_Wielunski/Rocznik_Wielunski-r2001-t1/Rocznik_Wielunski-r2001-t1-s17-34/Rocznik_Wielunski-r2001-t1-s17-34.pdf|journal=Rocznik Wieluński|volume=1|pages=17–34|access-date=2021-06-16|archive-date=2021-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628183157/https://bazhum.muzhp.pl/media//files/Rocznik_Wielunski/Rocznik_Wielunski-r2001-t1/Rocznik_Wielunski-r2001-t1-s17-34/Rocznik_Wielunski-r2001-t1-s17-34.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> Dozens of other bilingual Polish dictionaries were published in the subsequent centuries by scholars such as {{ill|Bartłomiej of Bydgoszcz|pl|Bartłomiej z Bydgoszczy}}, [[Johann Reuchlin]], [[Jan Mączyński]], {{ill|Nicolaus Volckmar|pl|Nicolaus Volckmar}}, [[Grzegorz Knapski]] and others.<ref name="Stankiewicz2016" />{{Rp|45–60}} |
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== General == |
== General == |
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[[File:PL_Linde-Slownik_Jezyka_Polskiego_T.1_Cz.1_A-F_001.jpg|thumb|Title page of the first volume of Linde's 1807 work, the first dictionary of Polish language.]] |
[[File:PL_Linde-Slownik_Jezyka_Polskiego_T.1_Cz.1_A-F_001.jpg|thumb|Title page of the first volume of Linde's 1807 work, the first dictionary of Polish language.]] |
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Many dictionaries in the Polish language and dedicated to the Polish language bear the generic name ''Słownik języka polskiego'' (lit. the Dictionary of the Polish Language).<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Gladney|first=Frank Y.|date=1982|title=The New Polish Dictionary|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/456383|journal=Dictionaries: Journal of the Dictionary Society of North America|volume=4|issue=1|pages=169–200|doi=10.1353/dic.1982.0012|issn=2160-5076}}</ref> |
Many dictionaries in the Polish language and dedicated to the Polish language bear the generic name ''Słownik języka polskiego'' (lit. the Dictionary of the Polish Language).<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Gladney|first=Frank Y.|date=1982|title=The New Polish Dictionary|url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/456383|journal=Dictionaries: Journal of the Dictionary Society of North America|volume=4|issue=1|pages=169–200|doi=10.1353/dic.1982.0012|s2cid=61090214|issn=2160-5076|access-date=2021-06-14|archive-date=2018-06-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180601222843/http://muse.jhu.edu/article/456383|url-status=live}}</ref> {{ill|Słownik języka polskiego (Samuel Bogumił Linde)|pl|Słownik języka polskiego (Samuel Bogumił Linde)|lt=The first such dictionary}} was published by [[Samuel Linde]] in the early 19th century (in six volumes from 1807 to 1814) and had 60,000 entries.<ref name="Klemensiewicz1985">{{cite book|author=Zenon Klemensiewicz|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CmxXAAAAYAAJ|title=Historia języka polskiego|publisher=Państwowe Wydawn. Naukowe|year=1985|isbn=978-83-01-06443-3|volume=III|pages=653–655|language=Polish|access-date=2021-06-14|archive-date=2021-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614044120/https://books.google.com/books?id=CmxXAAAAYAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Adamska-Sałaciak|first=Arleta|date=2001-01-01|title=Linde's Dictionary: A landmark in Polish lexicography|url=https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jbp/hl/2001/00000028/F0020001/art00005;jsessionid=f32fpagmeesj9.alexandra|journal=Historiographia Linguistica|volume=28|issue=1–2|pages=65–83|doi=10.1075/hl.28.1.06ada|access-date=2021-06-14|archive-date=2015-09-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924130205/http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/jbp/hl/2001/00000028/F0020001/art00005;jsessionid=f32fpagmeesj9.alexandra|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Numerous other dictionaries of the Polish language have been published since.<ref name=":0" /> The ones following in Linde's path include the 110,000-entry ''Słownik języka polskiego'' published in [[Vilnius|Wilno]] in 1861 by a group of Polish scholars led by {{ill|Aleksander Zdanowicz (historian)|lt=Aleksander Zdanowicz|pl|Aleksander Zdanowicz (historyk)|text=}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861|url=http://www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl/slowniki/36/slownik-jezyka-polskiego-wilno-1861|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-16|website=SŁOWNIKI DAWNE I WSPÓŁCZESNE. www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl|archive-date=2021-06-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624195440/http://www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl/slowniki/36/slownik-jezyka-polskiego-wilno-1861}}</ref> and the 270,000-entry ''Słownik języka polskiego'' edited by {{ill|Jan Aleksander Karłowicz|pl|Jan Aleksander Karłowicz}}, {{ill|Adam Kryński|pl|Adam Kryński}} and {{ill|Władysław Niedźwiedzki|pl|Władysław Niedźwiedzki}}, published in several volumes from 1900 to 1927.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Słownik języka polskiego, Warszawa 1900–1927|url=http://www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl/slowniki/35/slownik-jezyka-polskiego-warszawa-1900-1927|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-16|website=SŁOWNIKI DAWNE I WSPÓŁCZESNE www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl|archive-date=2021-05-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501141025/http://www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl/slowniki/35/slownik-jezyka-polskiego-warszawa-1900-1927}}</ref> After [[World War II]], a major dictionary of the Polish language was the ''Słownik języka polskiego'' of [[Witold Doroszewski]], published in volumes from 1958 to 1969, which quickly became considered a new classic.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Słownik języka polskiego, Warszawa 1958–1969|url=http://www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl/slowniki/31/sownik-jzyka-polskiego-warszawa-1958-1969|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-16|website=SŁOWNIKI DAWNE I WSPÓŁCZESNE. www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl|archive-date=2020-02-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200211025140/http://leksykografia.uw.edu.pl/slowniki/31/sownik-jzyka-polskiego-warszawa-1958-1969}}</ref> |
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As of the early 21st century, the largest dictionary of the Polish language is the 50-volume ''{{ill|Praktyczny słownik współczesnej polszczyzny|pl|Praktyczny słownik współczesnej polszczyzny}}'' (published from 1994 to 2005) edited by {{ill|Halina Zgółkowa|pl|Halina Zgółkowa}}.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Praktyczny słownik współczesnej polszczyzny, Poznań 1994–2005|url=http://www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl/slowniki/24/praktyczny-slownik-wspolczesnej-polszczyzny-poznan-1994-2005|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-14|website=SŁOWNIKI DAWNE I WSPÓŁCZESNE. www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl}}</ref> Several newer dictionaries are published on the Internet and are freely accessible to the public; they include the ''Słownik języka polskiego'' at Polish [[Wiktionary]]<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2013|title=Słowniki elektroniczne – nowa jakość w polskiej leksykografii|url=https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=4794|journal=Prace Filologiczne|language=Polish|volume=64|issue=1|pages=139–146|issn=0138-0567}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal| |
As of the early 21st century, the largest dictionary of the Polish language is the 50-volume ''{{ill|Praktyczny słownik współczesnej polszczyzny|pl|Praktyczny słownik współczesnej polszczyzny}}'' (published from 1994 to 2005) edited by {{ill|Halina Zgółkowa|pl|Halina Zgółkowa}}.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Praktyczny słownik współczesnej polszczyzny, Poznań 1994–2005|url=http://www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl/slowniki/24/praktyczny-slownik-wspolczesnej-polszczyzny-poznan-1994-2005|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-14|website=SŁOWNIKI DAWNE I WSPÓŁCZESNE. www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl|archive-date=2021-03-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210304082739/http://www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl/slowniki/24/praktyczny-slownik-wspolczesnej-polszczyzny-poznan-1994-2005}}</ref> Several newer dictionaries are published on the Internet and are freely accessible to the public; they include the ''Słownik języka polskiego'' at Polish [[Wiktionary]]<ref>{{Cite journal|date=2013|title=Słowniki elektroniczne – nowa jakość w polskiej leksykografii|url=https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=4794|journal=Prace Filologiczne|language=Polish|volume=64|issue=1|pages=139–146|issn=0138-0567|access-date=2021-06-14|archive-date=2021-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614050237/https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=4794|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Andrejewicz|first1=Urszula|last2=Sienicki|first2=Tomasz|date=2010|title=Wikisłownik – pierwszy naprawdę uniwersalny słownik polski?|url=http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/element/bwmeta1.element.desklight-6c17b195-a29d-4152-87cd-24965eb472c4|journal=Prace Językoznawcze|language=PL|issue=12|pages=5–19|issn=1509-5304|access-date=2021-06-14|archive-date=2021-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614050236/http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/element/bwmeta1.element.desklight-6c17b195-a29d-4152-87cd-24965eb472c4|url-status=live}}</ref> and the ''{{ill|Wielki słownik języka polskiego|pl|Wielki słownik języka polskiego}}'' edited by {{ill|Piotr Żmigrodzki|pl|Piotr Żmigrodzki}} of the {{ill|Polish Language Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences|pl|Instytut Języka Polskiego Polskiej Akademii Nauk}} (IJP PAN).<ref>{{Cite web|title=Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Kraków 2007|url=http://www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl/slowniki/16/wielki-slownik-jezyka-polskiego-krakow-2007|url-status=live|access-date=2021-06-14|website=SŁOWNIKI DAWNE I WSPÓŁCZESNE. www.leksykografia.uw.edu.pl|archive-date=2020-02-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200211025301/http://leksykografia.uw.edu.pl/slowniki/16/wielki-slownik-jezyka-polskiego-krakow-2007}}</ref> |
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== Specialized == |
== Specialized == |
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There are also many [[Specialized dictionary|specialized dictionaries]] in Polish. Some are focused on the Polish language, such as the [[Etymology|etymological]] ''[[Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego]]'' (from 1927, edited by [[Aleksander Brückner]]);<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Piwakowska|first=Julia|date=2013-09-09|title=Hungaryzmy w |
There are also many [[Specialized dictionary|specialized dictionaries]] in Polish. Some are focused on the Polish language, such as the [[Etymology|etymological]] ''[[Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego]]'' (from 1927, edited by [[Aleksander Brückner]]);<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Piwakowska|first=Julia|date=2013-09-09|title=Hungaryzmy w "Słowniku języka polskiego" Aleksandra Brücknera- analiza krytyczna.|url=https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/191313|journal=|access-date=2021-06-14|archive-date=2021-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614064016/https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/191313|url-status=live}}</ref> but many others focus on non-language topics, such as the [[Polish Biographical Dictionary]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Orman|first=Elżbieta|date=2020|title=Eighty-Five Years of the Polish Biographical Dictionary at 17 Sławkowska St., Cracow|url=http://cejsh.icm.edu.pl/cejsh/element/bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_12775_APH_2020_121_10|journal=Acta Poloniae Historica|language=EN|volume=121|page=201|doi=10.12775/APH.2020.121.10|issn=0001-6829|doi-access=free|access-date=2021-06-14|archive-date=2021-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614063655/http://cejsh.icm.edu.pl/cejsh/element/bwmeta1.element.ojs-doi-10_12775_APH_2020_121_10|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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* [[History of Polish]] |
* [[History of Polish]] |
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* [[Polish proverbs]] |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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== |
== Further reading == |
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== External links == |
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*{{In lang|pl}} [https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/S%C5%82ownik_j%C4%99zyka_polskiego Słownik języka polskiego] at [[Wiktionary]] |
*{{In lang|pl}} [https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/S%C5%82ownik_j%C4%99zyka_polskiego Słownik języka polskiego] at [[Wiktionary]] |
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*{{In lang|pl}} [https://wsjp.pl/ Wielki słownik języka polskiego] at IJP PAN |
*{{In lang|pl}} [https://wsjp.pl/ Wielki słownik języka polskiego] at IJP PAN |
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*{{In lang|pl}} [http://doroszewski.pwn.pl/ Słownik języka polskiego] (edited by prof. Doroszewski, 1958–1969) at Polish Scientific Publishers PWN |
*{{In lang|pl}} [http://doroszewski.pwn.pl/ Słownik języka polskiego] (edited by prof. Doroszewski, 1958–1969) at Polish Scientific Publishers PWN |
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*{{In lang|pl}} [https://www.miejski.pl/ miejski.pl] – Polish equivalent of the [[Urban Dictionary]] |
*{{In lang|pl}} [https://www.miejski.pl/ miejski.pl] – Polish equivalent of the [[Urban Dictionary]] |
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== Further reading == |
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[[Category:Polish dictionaries| ]] |
[[Category:Polish dictionaries| ]] |
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[[Category:Polish language]] |
[[Category:Polish language]] |
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[[Category:15th-century establishments in Poland]] |
Latest revision as of 09:03, 27 October 2024
The earliest dictionaries of the Polish language were bilingual aids, usually Polish–Latin, and date to the 15th century. The first dictionary dedicated solely to the Polish language was published in the early 19th century. Many dictionaries of the Polish language are named simply "the Dictionary of the Polish Language" (Polish: Słownik języka polskiego) or in similar fashion.
Bilingual
[edit]The first Polish dictionaries took the form of Polish–Latin (or more correctly, Old Polish–Latin) bilingual translation aids and date to the 15th century.[1] The oldest known one is the Wokabularz trydencki from 1424; it contains about 500 entries, and is associated with the Prince Alexander of Masovia.[2]: 45 [3]: 73 The largest of those earliest dictionaries was the Silesian Mamotrekt kaliski (from c. 1470), with about 7,000 entries.[4]: 139 The 16th century saw a proliferation of printed dictionaries; the first of those were written abroad and reprinted in Poland. The first such dictionary was the trilingual German–Latin–Polish Dictionarius Ioannis Murmellii variarum rerum from 1526. It had about 2,500 entries and was based on the work of the Dutch scholar Johannes Murmellius and published in Poland by Hieronim Wietor (most likely with Wietor responsible for the German part, and Hieronim Spiczyński for the Polish).[5][6][7] Dozens of other bilingual Polish dictionaries were published in the subsequent centuries by scholars such as Bartłomiej of Bydgoszcz , Johann Reuchlin, Jan Mączyński, Nicolaus Volckmar , Grzegorz Knapski and others.[2]: 45–60
General
[edit]Many dictionaries in the Polish language and dedicated to the Polish language bear the generic name Słownik języka polskiego (lit. the Dictionary of the Polish Language).[8] The first such dictionary was published by Samuel Linde in the early 19th century (in six volumes from 1807 to 1814) and had 60,000 entries.[4][9][8] Numerous other dictionaries of the Polish language have been published since.[8] The ones following in Linde's path include the 110,000-entry Słownik języka polskiego published in Wilno in 1861 by a group of Polish scholars led by Aleksander Zdanowicz[10] and the 270,000-entry Słownik języka polskiego edited by Jan Aleksander Karłowicz , Adam Kryński and Władysław Niedźwiedzki , published in several volumes from 1900 to 1927.[11] After World War II, a major dictionary of the Polish language was the Słownik języka polskiego of Witold Doroszewski, published in volumes from 1958 to 1969, which quickly became considered a new classic.[12]
As of the early 21st century, the largest dictionary of the Polish language is the 50-volume Praktyczny słownik współczesnej polszczyzny (published from 1994 to 2005) edited by Halina Zgółkowa .[13] Several newer dictionaries are published on the Internet and are freely accessible to the public; they include the Słownik języka polskiego at Polish Wiktionary[14][15] and the Wielki słownik języka polskiego edited by Piotr Żmigrodzki of the Polish Language Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences (IJP PAN).[16]
Specialized
[edit]There are also many specialized dictionaries in Polish. Some are focused on the Polish language, such as the etymological Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (from 1927, edited by Aleksander Brückner);[17] but many others focus on non-language topics, such as the Polish Biographical Dictionary.[18]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Michałowska, Teresa (2011). Literatura polskiego średniowiecza : leksykon (in Polish) (Wyd. 1 ed.). Warszawa: Wydawn. Nauk. PWN. p. 769. ISBN 978-83-01-16675-5. OCLC 768346543. Archived from the original on 2021-10-19. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
- ^ a b Edward Stankiewicz (21 November 2016). Grammars and Dictionaries of the Slavic Languages from the Middle Ages up to 1850: An Annotated Bibliography. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. ISBN 978-3-11-085971-3. Archived from the original on 14 June 2021. Retrieved 14 June 2021.
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(help) - ^ Orman, Elżbieta (2020). "Eighty-Five Years of the Polish Biographical Dictionary at 17 Sławkowska St., Cracow". Acta Poloniae Historica. 121: 201. doi:10.12775/APH.2020.121.10. ISSN 0001-6829. Archived from the original on 2021-06-14. Retrieved 2021-06-14.
Further reading
[edit]- Piotr Grzegorczyk (1967). Index Lexicorum Poloniae: bibliografia słowników polskich (in Polish). Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe.
External links
[edit]- (in Polish) Słownik języka polskiego at Wiktionary
- (in Polish) Wielki słownik języka polskiego at IJP PAN
- (in Polish) Słownik polszczyzny XVI wieku (Dictionary of 16th century Polish language) at IJP PAN
- (in Polish) Słownik języka polskiego at Polish Scientific Publishers PWN
- (in Polish) Słownik języka polskiego (edited by prof. Doroszewski, 1958–1969) at Polish Scientific Publishers PWN
- (in Polish) miejski.pl – Polish equivalent of the Urban Dictionary