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{{Short description|2nd century BCE, first treatise on Greek grammar, attributed to Dionysius Thrax}} |
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{{Wikisourcelang|el|Διονύσιος ο Θραξ|The Art of Grammar}} |
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{{For|works in Latin by this title|Ars grammatica}} |
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The '''''Art of Grammar''''' (Τέχνη Γραμματική) is a treatise on [[Greek language|Greek]] [[grammar]] attributed to [[Dionysius Thrax]], and written in the [[2nd century BC]] It is the first work of grammar in Greek, and it sought mainly to help speakers of [[Koine Greek]] to be able to understand the language of [[Homer]] and other great poets of the past. |
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'''''The Art of Grammar''''' ({{langx|el|Τέχνη Γραμματική}} - or romanized, Téchnē Grammatikḗ) is a treatise on [[Greek language|Greek]] [[grammar]], attributed to [[Dionysius Thrax]], who wrote in the 2nd century BC. |
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It was translated into [[Armenian language|Armenian]] and [[Syriac language|Syriac]] in the early centuries C.E. |
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==Contents== |
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It is the first work on grammar in Greek, and also the first concerning a Western language.{{Citation needed|date=February 2024}} It sought mainly to help speakers of [[Koine Greek]] understand the language of [[Homer]], and other great poets of the past.<ref>"[http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/36604/The-Art-of-Grammar The Art of Grammar]", Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 15 July 2010.</ref> It has become a source for how ancient texts should be acted out based on the experience from commonly read ancient authors.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mitchell|first=Jack|date=2015|title=Literary Performance in the Imperial Schoolroom as Historical Reënactment: The Evidence of the Colloquia, Scholia to Canonical Works, and Scholia to the Techne of Dionysius Thrax|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ajp.2015.0012|journal=American Journal of Philology|volume=136|issue=3|pages=469–502|doi=10.1353/ajp.2015.0012|s2cid=170141521 |issn=1086-3168}}</ref> There are six parts to understanding grammar including trained reading by understanding the dialect from certain poetical figures.<ref>{{Citation|title=Die Fragmente des Grammatikers Dionysios Thrax|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110855135.1|work=Die Fragmente des Grammatikers Dionysios Thrax. Die Fragmente der Grammatiker Tyrannion und Diokles. Apions Glossai Homerikai|year=1977 |pages=1–78|place=Berlin, New York|publisher=DE GRUYTER|doi=10.1515/9783110855135.1 |isbn=9783110855135 |access-date=2021-12-08}}</ref> There is a nine-part word classification system, which strayed away from the previous eight-part classification system.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Schenkeveld|first=Dirk M.|date=1983|title=Linguistic Theories in the Rhetorical Works of Dionysius of Halicarnassus|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/40266622|journal=Glotta|volume=61|issue=1/2|pages=67–94|jstor=40266622 |issn=0017-1298}}</ref> It describes morphological structure as containing no middle diathesis.<ref>Farina, Margherita. "Diathesis and Middle Voice in the Syriac Ancient Grammatical Tradition: The Translations and Adaptations of the Téchne Grammatiké and the Arabic Model." ''Aramaic Studies'', vol. 6, no. 2, 2008, pp. 175-193.</ref> There is no morphological analysis and the text uses the Word and Paradigm model.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Niederehe |first1=Hans-Josef |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eSGxnHt3kFwC&q=Dionysius+Thrax&pg=PA89 |title=History and Historiography of Linguistics: Papers from the Fourth International Conference on the History of the Language Sciences (ICHoLS IV), Trier, 24-28 August, 1987 |last2=Koerner |first2=E. F. K. |date=1990 |publisher=John Benjamins Publishing |isbn=978-90-272-4541-0 |language=en}}</ref><ref>Wolanin, Hubert. "Ancient Greeks on compounds: Aristotle, Dionysius Thrax, Apollonius Dyscolus." (2017).</ref> |
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==Translation== |
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It was translated into [[Syriac language|Syriac]] by [[Joseph Huzaya]] of the [[school of Nisibis]] in the 6th century.<ref>{{citation |author=Margherita Farina |title=Diathesis and Middle Voice in the Syriac Ancient Grammatical Tradition: The Translations and Adaptations of the ''Téchne Grammatiké'' and the Arabic Model |journal=Aramaic Studies |year=2008 |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=175–193 |doi=10.1163/147783508X393039 |s2cid=161176275 |url=https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02106697/document}}.</ref> It was also translated into [[Armenian language|Armenian]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Armenian Early Printed Books (armbook) |url=http://greenstone.flib.sci.am/gsdl/cgi-bin/library.cgi?e=d-01000-00---off-0armbook-armenian,hajgirqn,haygirq,armbook,No_Date_Books,azgayinZz-foreign-01-1----0-10-0---0---0direct-10---4-------0-1l--11-en-50---20-about---00-3-1-00-0--4--0--0-0-11-10-0utfZz-8-00&a=d&c=armbook&cl=CL1.71&d=HASH01017423e9539892f660c018 |access-date=2023-12-14 |website=greenstone.flib.sci.am}}</ref> |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist|30em}} |
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==External links== |
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* {{Wikisourcelang-inline|en|The grammar of Dionysios Thrax}} |
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* [http://www.hs-augsburg.de/~harsch/graeca/Chronologia/S_ante02/DionysiosThrax/dio_tech.html Art of Grammar] in Greek on Bibliotheca Augustana |
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* [https://archive.org/details/grammarofdionysi00dionuoft ''The Grammar of Dionysios Thrax'', translation by Thomas Davidson] |
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* [https://www.academia.edu/7891168/The_Grammar_of_Dionysius_Thrax_Translated_into_English ''The Grammar of Dionysius Thrax'', translation by Anthony Alcock] |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Art of Grammar, The}} |
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{{italic title}} |
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[[Category:Greek grammar]] |
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See [[Forums]] if you were looking for Grammar problems |
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Latest revision as of 13:38, 27 October 2024
The Art of Grammar (Greek: Τέχνη Γραμματική - or romanized, Téchnē Grammatikḗ) is a treatise on Greek grammar, attributed to Dionysius Thrax, who wrote in the 2nd century BC.
Contents
[edit]It is the first work on grammar in Greek, and also the first concerning a Western language.[citation needed] It sought mainly to help speakers of Koine Greek understand the language of Homer, and other great poets of the past.[1] It has become a source for how ancient texts should be acted out based on the experience from commonly read ancient authors.[2] There are six parts to understanding grammar including trained reading by understanding the dialect from certain poetical figures.[3] There is a nine-part word classification system, which strayed away from the previous eight-part classification system.[4] It describes morphological structure as containing no middle diathesis.[5] There is no morphological analysis and the text uses the Word and Paradigm model.[6][7]
Translation
[edit]It was translated into Syriac by Joseph Huzaya of the school of Nisibis in the 6th century.[8] It was also translated into Armenian.[9]
References
[edit]- ^ "The Art of Grammar", Encyclopædia Britannica. 2010. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 15 July 2010.
- ^ Mitchell, Jack (2015). "Literary Performance in the Imperial Schoolroom as Historical Reënactment: The Evidence of the Colloquia, Scholia to Canonical Works, and Scholia to the Techne of Dionysius Thrax". American Journal of Philology. 136 (3): 469–502. doi:10.1353/ajp.2015.0012. ISSN 1086-3168. S2CID 170141521.
- ^ "Die Fragmente des Grammatikers Dionysios Thrax", Die Fragmente des Grammatikers Dionysios Thrax. Die Fragmente der Grammatiker Tyrannion und Diokles. Apions Glossai Homerikai, Berlin, New York: DE GRUYTER, pp. 1–78, 1977, doi:10.1515/9783110855135.1, ISBN 9783110855135, retrieved 2021-12-08
- ^ Schenkeveld, Dirk M. (1983). "Linguistic Theories in the Rhetorical Works of Dionysius of Halicarnassus". Glotta. 61 (1/2): 67–94. ISSN 0017-1298. JSTOR 40266622.
- ^ Farina, Margherita. "Diathesis and Middle Voice in the Syriac Ancient Grammatical Tradition: The Translations and Adaptations of the Téchne Grammatiké and the Arabic Model." Aramaic Studies, vol. 6, no. 2, 2008, pp. 175-193.
- ^ Niederehe, Hans-Josef; Koerner, E. F. K. (1990). History and Historiography of Linguistics: Papers from the Fourth International Conference on the History of the Language Sciences (ICHoLS IV), Trier, 24-28 August, 1987. John Benjamins Publishing. ISBN 978-90-272-4541-0.
- ^ Wolanin, Hubert. "Ancient Greeks on compounds: Aristotle, Dionysius Thrax, Apollonius Dyscolus." (2017).
- ^ Margherita Farina (2008), "Diathesis and Middle Voice in the Syriac Ancient Grammatical Tradition: The Translations and Adaptations of the Téchne Grammatiké and the Arabic Model", Aramaic Studies, 6 (2): 175–193, doi:10.1163/147783508X393039, S2CID 161176275.
- ^ "Armenian Early Printed Books (armbook)". greenstone.flib.sci.am. Retrieved 2023-12-14.
External links
[edit]
Greek Wikisource has original text related to this article: Τέχνη Γραμματική- English Wikisource has original text related to this article: The grammar of Dionysios Thrax
- Art of Grammar in Greek on Bibliotheca Augustana
- The Grammar of Dionysios Thrax, translation by Thomas Davidson
- The Grammar of Dionysius Thrax, translation by Anthony Alcock
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