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Coordinates: 51°48′54″N 10°57′36″E / 51.815°N 10.960°E / 51.815; 10.960
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{{Short description|Statelet of the Holy Roman Empire}}
{{About|the county|its ruling family|House of Regenstein|the castle|Regenstein Castle}}
{{Infobox Former Country
{{Infobox country
|native_name = ''Grafschaft Regenstein''
|native_name = ''Grafschaft Regenstein''
|conventional_long_name = County of Regenstein
|conventional_long_name = County of Regenstein
|common_name = Regenstein
|common_name = Regenstein
|continent = Europe
|region = Central Europe
|country = Germany
|era = Middle Ages
|era = Middle Ages
|status = Vassal
|status = County
|empire = Holy Roman Empire
|empire = Holy Roman Empire
|government_type = County
|year_start = 1162
|year_start = 1160
|year_end = 1599
|year_end = 1599
|life_span = 1160–1599
|life_span = 1162–1599
|event_start = Partitioned from <br>{{spaces|4}}[[County of Blankenburg]]
|event_start = Partitioned from <br>{{spaces|4}}[[County of Blankenburg]]
|date_start = &nbsp;<br>1160
|date_start =
|event1 = County of<br>{{spaces|4}}Regenstein-[[Heimburg]]
|event1 = County of Regenstein-[[Heimburg]]
|date_event1 = &nbsp;<br>1366
|date_event1 =&nbsp;<br>1366
|event2 = Personal union<br>{{spaces|4}}with [[County of Blankenburg|Blankenburg]]
|event2 = Personal union with [[County of Blankenburg|Blankenburg]]
|date_event2 = &nbsp;<br>1368
|date_event2 =&nbsp;<br>1368
|event3 = Joined<br>{{spaces|4}}[[Lower Saxon Circle]]
|event3 = Joined [[Lower Saxon Circle]]
|date_event3 = 1500
|date_event3 = 1500
|event_end = Fell to<br>{{spaces|4}}[[Bishopric of Halberstadt]]
|event_end = Fell to [[Bishopric of Halberstadt]]
|date_end = &nbsp;<br>1599
|date_end =&nbsp;<br>1599
|event_post = Acquired by<br>{{spaces|4}}[[Brandenburg-Prussia]]
|event_post = Acquired by [[Brandenburg-Prussia]]
|date_post = 1648
|date_post = 1648
|p1 = County of Blankenburg
|p1 = County of Blankenburg
|image_p1 = [[File:Wappen Blankenburg (Harz).png|20px|Blankenburg]]
|image_p1 = [[File:Wappen Blankenburg (Harz).png|20px|Blankenburg]]
|s1 = Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
|s1 = Bishopric of Halberstadt
|image_s1 = [[File:Wappen Landkreis Halberstadt.svg|20px|Bishopric of Halberstadt]]
|image_s1 = [[File:Wappen Landkreis Halberstadt.svg|20px|Bishopric of Halberstadt]]
|image_coat = Blankenburg-Regenstein.PNG
|image_coat = Arms of the house of Regenstein (2).svg
|image_map =
|image_map =
|image_map_caption =
|image_map_caption =
Line 36: Line 32:
|footnotes =
|footnotes =
}}
}}
The '''County of Regenstein''' was a mediaeval statelet of the [[Holy Roman Empire]].
The '''County of Regenstein''' was a mediaeval [[State of the Holy Roman Empire|statelet]] of the [[Holy Roman Empire]]. It was ruled by the [[Duchy of Saxony|Saxon]] comital [[House of Regenstein]], named after their residence at [[Regenstein Castle]] near [[Blankenburg (Harz)|Blankenburg]] north of the [[Harz]] mountain range.


== History ==
== History ==
[[File:Burgruine Regenstein neu.jpg|thumb|left|Ruins of Regenstein Castle]]
[[File:Burgruine Regenstein neu.jpg|thumb|left|Ruins of Regenstein Castle]]
The progenitor of the family, Count [[Poppo I of Blankenburg]] (c. 1095 – 1161 or 1164) probably was related to the [[Rhenish Franconia|Rhenish]] Reginbodonid<ref>[[:de:Reginbodonen|Reginbodonen]] {{in lang|de}}</ref> dynasty of Archbishop [[Siegfried I (archbishop of Mainz)|Siegfried of Mainz]] (d. 1084), a cadet branch of the Franconian [[Conradines]]. His uncle [[Reinhard of Blankenburg]] was [[Bishopric of Halberstadt|Bishop of Halberstadt]] from 1107 onwards and provided him with large estates in the Eastphalian [[Harzgau]] region between the [[Ilse (Oker)|Ilse]] and [[Bode (river)|Bode]] rivers. Poppo was first documented as ''[[comes]]'' in an 1128 deed, serving the Saxon duke [[Lothair II, Holy Roman Emperor|Lothair of Supplinburg]] and his [[House of Welf|Welf]] successors. His son Conrad was the first descendant to call himself ''Comes de Regenstein'' in 1162, while his brother Siegfried continued to rule as [[County of Blankenburg|Count of Blankenburg]].
The [[counts of Regenstein Castle]] near [[Heimburg]] were first mentioned in an 1169 deed, with Count Conrad of Regenstein, son of Poppo I, [[County of Blankenburg|Count of Blankenburg]] (1095–1164), himself a nephew of [[Reinhard of Blankenburg|Count Reinhard]], [[Bishopric of Halberstadt|Bishop of Halberstadt]] from the [[Ripuarian Franks|Ripuarian]] House of ''Reginbodo''.<ref>[[:de:Reginbodonen|Reginbodonen]] {{de icon}}</ref>


The most renowned [[Count of Regenstein]] was Albert II (1310–49),<ref>[[:de:Albrecht II. von Regenstein|Albrecht II. von Regenstein]] {{de icon}}</ref> who in the 1330s was frequently in dispute with the leaders of the surrounding estates like the Halberstadt bishops and the [[Quedlinburg Abbey|abbess of Quedlinburg]]. These tales were romanticised in the [[ballad]] ''The Robber Count'' ({{lang-de|Der Raubgraf}}) by [[Gottfried August Bürger]], melodized by [[Johann Philipp Kirnberger]] and the novel of the same name by [[Julius Wolff (1834–1910)|Julius Wolff]].<ref>[[:de:Julius Wolff|Julius Wolff]] {{de icon}}</ref>
After the deposition of the Saxon duke [[Henry the Lion]] in 1180, the Regenstein counts were temporarily arrested by the forces of Emperor [[Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick Barbarossa]], but were reconciled with the [[Hohenstaufen]] monarch soon after. After a lengthy feud [[Heimburg Castle]], built about 1170 by King [[Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry IV]] and soon after devastated during the Saxon Rebellion, was acquired by the Regenstein counts in the early 14th century. The Regenstein-Heimburg branch re-united the Regenstein and Blankenburg estates in 1343, under the rule of the most renowned Count {{ill|Albert II of Regenstein|lt=Albert II|de|Albrecht II. von Regenstein}} (1310–49), who since the 1330s was frequently in dispute with the leaders of the surrounding estates like the Halberstadt bishops and the [[Quedlinburg Abbey|Abbesses of Quedlinburg]]; he was finally assassinated by the henchmen of Bishop [[Albert II of Halberstadt]]. These tales were romanticised in the [[ballad]] ''The Robber Count'' ({{langx|de|Der Raubgraf}}) by [[Gottfried August Bürger]], melodized by [[Johann Philipp Kirnberger]] and the novel of the same name by [[Julius Wolff (1834–1910)|Julius Wolff]].<ref>[[:de:Julius Wolff|Julius Wolff]] {{in lang|de}}</ref>


In the 15th century the comital family relocated its seat to Blankenburg; Regenstein Castle lapsed and was left to ruin. The last scion of the comital family, Count John Ernest, died in 1599. With Blankenburg it fell back to the Bishopric of Halberstadt. Shortly thereafter Blankenburg and Regenstein were separated. Regenstein remained with Halberstadt, while Blankenburg was annexed and held by the Dukes of [[Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]].
In the 15th century the comital family finally relocated its seat to [[Blankenburg Castle (Harz)|Blankenburg Castle]]; the Regenstein fortress lapsed and was left to ruin. In order to gain greater independence from the Halberstadt bishops, the counts turned [[Protestant Reformation|Protestant]] in 1539. The last scion of the comital family, Count John Ernest, died in 1599. With Blankenburg, the County of Regenstein fell back to the Prince-Bishopric of Halberstadt. Shortly thereafter Blankenburg and Regenstein were separated: Regenstein remained with the secularised [[Principality of Halberstadt]], while the remaining [[County of Blankenburg]] was annexed and held by the Dukes of [[Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel|Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]].


==Counts of Regenstein==
==Counts of Regenstein==
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== Notes ==
== Notes ==
{{refbegin}}
{{Refbegin}}
The following articles do not yet exist on the [[English Wikipedia]], but do exist on the [[German Wikipedia]]:
The following articles do not yet exist on the [[English Wikipedia]], but do exist on the [[German Wikipedia]]:
{{refend}}
{{Refend}}


{{Lower Saxon Circle}}
{{Lower Saxon Circle}}


{{coord|51.815|N|10.960|E|display=title|source:dewiki}}
{{Coord|51.815|N|10.960|E|display=title|source:dewiki}}


==References==
⚫
{{DEFAULTSORT:County Of Regenstein}}
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:1599 disestablishments]]
⚫
[[Category:Lower Saxon Circle]]
⚫
[[Category:States and territories established in 1368]]
⚫
[[Category:Counties of the Holy Roman Empire|Regenstein]]


{{Authority control}}


⚫
{{DEFAULTSORT:Regenstein, County Of}}
{{SaxonyAnhalt-geo-stub}}
⚫
[[Category:Lower Saxon Circle]]
{{Germany-hist-stub}}
⚫
[[Category:States and territories established in 1368]]
[[Category:States and territories disestablished in 1599]]
⚫
[[Category:Counties of the Holy Roman Empire]]

Latest revision as of 13:38, 27 October 2024

County of Regenstein
Grafschaft Regenstein
1162–1599
Coat of arms of Regenstein
Coat of arms
StatusCounty
CapitalDerenburg
Historical eraMiddle Ages
• Partitioned from
    County of Blankenburg
1162
• County of Regenstein-Heimburg
 
1366
• Personal union with Blankenburg
 
1368
• Joined Lower Saxon Circle
1500
 
1599 1599
• Acquired by Brandenburg-Prussia
1648
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Blankenburg County of Blankenburg
Bishopric of Halberstadt Bishopric of Halberstadt

The County of Regenstein was a mediaeval statelet of the Holy Roman Empire. It was ruled by the Saxon comital House of Regenstein, named after their residence at Regenstein Castle near Blankenburg north of the Harz mountain range.

History

[edit]
Ruins of Regenstein Castle

The progenitor of the family, Count Poppo I of Blankenburg (c. 1095 – 1161 or 1164) probably was related to the Rhenish Reginbodonid[1] dynasty of Archbishop Siegfried of Mainz (d. 1084), a cadet branch of the Franconian Conradines. His uncle Reinhard of Blankenburg was Bishop of Halberstadt from 1107 onwards and provided him with large estates in the Eastphalian Harzgau region between the Ilse and Bode rivers. Poppo was first documented as comes in an 1128 deed, serving the Saxon duke Lothair of Supplinburg and his Welf successors. His son Conrad was the first descendant to call himself Comes de Regenstein in 1162, while his brother Siegfried continued to rule as Count of Blankenburg.

After the deposition of the Saxon duke Henry the Lion in 1180, the Regenstein counts were temporarily arrested by the forces of Emperor Frederick Barbarossa, but were reconciled with the Hohenstaufen monarch soon after. After a lengthy feud Heimburg Castle, built about 1170 by King Henry IV and soon after devastated during the Saxon Rebellion, was acquired by the Regenstein counts in the early 14th century. The Regenstein-Heimburg branch re-united the Regenstein and Blankenburg estates in 1343, under the rule of the most renowned Count Albert II [de] (1310–49), who since the 1330s was frequently in dispute with the leaders of the surrounding estates like the Halberstadt bishops and the Abbesses of Quedlinburg; he was finally assassinated by the henchmen of Bishop Albert II of Halberstadt. These tales were romanticised in the ballad The Robber Count (German: Der Raubgraf) by Gottfried August Bürger, melodized by Johann Philipp Kirnberger and the novel of the same name by Julius Wolff.[2]

In the 15th century the comital family finally relocated its seat to Blankenburg Castle; the Regenstein fortress lapsed and was left to ruin. In order to gain greater independence from the Halberstadt bishops, the counts turned Protestant in 1539. The last scion of the comital family, Count John Ernest, died in 1599. With Blankenburg, the County of Regenstein fell back to the Prince-Bishopric of Halberstadt. Shortly thereafter Blankenburg and Regenstein were separated: Regenstein remained with the secularised Principality of Halberstadt, while the remaining County of Blankenburg was annexed and held by the Dukes of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.

Counts of Regenstein

[edit]
  • Siegfried (-1073), brother of Konrad, Count of Blankenburg-Regenstein
  • Henry (-1235), son
  • Siegfried II (-1251), son
  • Ulric, Count of Regenstein-Heimburg (-1267), brother
  • Ulric III (1287–1322)
  • Albert II (1310–1349), son
  • Albert III (1341–1365), son
  • John Ernest, Count of Blankenburg and Regenstein (-1599)

Notes

[edit]

The following articles do not yet exist on the English Wikipedia, but do exist on the German Wikipedia:

51°48′54″N 10°57′36″E / 51.815°N 10.960°E / 51.815; 10.960

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Reginbodonen (in German)
  2. ^ Julius Wolff (in German)
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