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{{Infobox artist
{{Infobox artist
| name =
| name =
| image = Khrutsky-self.JPG
| image = Іван Хруцкі. Аўтапартрэт.jpg
| imagesize =
| imagesize =
| caption = Ivan Khrutsky, self-portrait, 1883
| caption = Ivan Khrutsky, self-portrait, 1883
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| birth_place = [[Beshankovichy Raion|Ulla]], [[Vitebsk Governorate]], [[Russian Empire]]
| birth_place = [[Beshankovichy Raion|Ulla]], [[Vitebsk Governorate]], [[Russian Empire]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1885|1|26|1810|2|8}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1885|1|26|1810|2|8}}
| death_place = Zacharnicze, Russia
| death_place = Zakharnichi, Russian Empire
| nationality = [[Belarus]]
| nationality = [[Polish people|Polish]], [[Belarusians|Belarusian]], [[Russians|Russian]]
| field = Painter
| field = Painter
| training =
| training =
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| awards =
| awards =
| influenced by =
| influenced by =
| education = {{Imperial Academy of Arts|Member|1839}}
| alma_mater = {{Imperial Academy of Arts|Alumni|}}
}}
}}
{{commons category|Ivan Khrutsky}}
{{commons category|Ivan Khrutsky}}
⚫
'''Ivan Fomich Khrutsky''' ({{lang-pl|Jan Chrucki}}; {{lang-ru|link=no|''Иван Фомич Хруцкий''}}; {{lang-be|''Іван Хруцкі''}}; 1810-1885) was a [[Belaruss|Belarus]]-[[Russians|Russian]] painter known by his [[still life]]s and portraits.


⚫
'''Jan Chrucki''' (''Ivan Fomich Khrutsky'', {{langx|ru|link=no|Иван Фомич Хруцкий}}; {{langx|be|Іван Хруцкі}}; 1810–1885) was a [[Polish people|Polish]]-[[Russians|Russian]] painter of [[Belarusians|Belarusian]] descent known by his [[still life]]s and portraits.
He was born into a Polish family descended from [[szlachta]] of [[Leliwa coat of arms]] in the village of [[Beshankovichy Raion|Ulla]], [[Vitebsk Governorate]], in the former [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]. In 1827 Chrucki came to [[St. Petersburg]] and in 1830 entered the [[Imperial Academy of Arts]].


==Biography==
⚫
His first known works are dated 1832. The paintings gradually gathered public and critical acclaim. Chrucki also worked as an interior designer, and became a popular amongst the wealthy home owners. In 1836 he was awarded the ''Major Silver medal'' of the Academy for his [[still-life]]s. Chrucki also executed nice genre pictures and portraits. ''Old Woman Knitting a Sock'', brought him the Minor Gold medal of the Academy. In 1839 he was awarded the title of the Academician.
He was born into a [[Greek-Catholic]] Polish-Belarusian family descended from the [[szlachta|nobility]] of [[Leliwa coat of arms]] in the village of [[Beshankovichy Raion|Ulla]], [[Vitebsk Governorate]]. His father Tomasz, like his relatives, was a Greek Catholic priest, his mother's name was Minadora (or Menodowa{{sfn|Miłobędzka|1962|p=174}}) Kuryłło. He was educated at the Piarist Lyceum in Polotsk, which had university rights, then in 1827 he went to [[St. Petersburg]]. He studied privately with George Dawe, then around 1830 entered the [[Imperial Academy of Arts]].{{sfn|Miłobędzka|1962|p=174}} There he established contacts with another Polish painter Jozef Oleszkiewicz, who introduced him to the Hermitage.{{sfn|Miłobędzka|1962|p=175}}


⚫
His first known works are dated 1832. The paintings gradually gathered public and critical acclaim. Khrutsky also worked as an interior designer, and became a popular amongst the wealthy home owners. In 1836 he was awarded the ''Major Silver medal'' of the academy for his [[still-life]]s. Khrutsky also executed nice genre pictures and portraits. ''Old Woman Knitting a Sock'', brought him the Minor Gold medal of the academy. In 1839 he was awarded the title of the Academician.
⚫
After his father’s death in 1840 Chrucki left St. Petersburg forever and settled in the family estate Zacharnicze (Zakharenichi, Zacharniczy), [[Polotsk]] region. This period was one of commissioned religious art, mostly from [[Lithuania]]. Besides religious paintings he also worked on portraits, such as I.I. Glazunov's, Joseph Semashko's, Mikolaj Malinowski's and others. He died in his estate in Zacharnicze in 1885.


⚫
After his father's death in 1840 Khrutsky left St. Petersburg forever and settled in the family estate Zacharnicze (Zakharenichi, Zacharniczy), [[Polotsk]] region. This period was one of commissioned religious art, mostly from [[Lithuania]]. He spent a lot of time in Vilnius, where he made several works from nature on the orders of Jan Kazimierz Wilczyński for the "Album Wileńskie".{{sfn|Miłobędzka|1962|p=178}} Besides religious paintings he also worked on portraits, such as I.I. Glazunov's, {{ill|Józef Siemaszko|pl|Józef (Siemaszko)}}'s, {{ill|Mikołaj Malinowski|pl}}'s and others.
== Literature==

* [[Sergey Kuznetsov (historian)|Kuznecow S.]] Malarz Jan Chrucki. Portret XIX-wiecznego 'artysty srednego'// Biuletyn historii sztuki. R. LX: 1998. nr.1-2. S.49-67.
He died in his estate in Zacharnicze in 1885.
{{Reflist}}

== Family ==
In 1845 he married Anna Odrowąż-Bębnowska (b. 1822), daughter of Ksawery, captain in the [[Kościuszko Uprising]] of 1794. With her he had a daughter, Maria, and a son, Józef (d. 1918), who inherited the family estate.

Two of Chrucki's brothers were also painters. The younger Andrzej - from 1845 a free student of St. Petersburg Academy of Fine Arts, who in 1854 was awarded the title "unclassified painter", from 1870, lived with his brother's family in Zacharnicze. Older brother Eustachy, a portrait painter, who graduated from the Academy of Fine Arts in 1842, also with the title of "unclassified painter", settled down in St. Petersburg.

==Selected paintings==
<gallery class="center" widths="150" heights="150">
File:Vilnia, Kalvaryja. Вільня, Кальварыя (J. Chrucki, 1844-49).jpg|[[Verkiai Calvary]]
File:Хруцкий В комнате(1854).jpg|In the Room
File:Mikałaj Malinoŭski. Мікалай Маліноўскі (J. Chrucki, 1847).jpg|Portrait of historian and journalist [[Mikołaj Malinowski]] (1799-1865)
File:Jan Chrucki. Naturmort z hrybami, 1842.jpg|Still life with Mushrooms
</gallery>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== Sources ==
* {{cite journal |last=Miłobędzka |first=Joanna |title=Jan Chrucki - nowe dane do życia i twórczości |trans-title=Jan Chrucki - new data on life and work |url=https://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/bhs1962/0187 |journal=Biuletyn historii sztuki |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=171–184 |date=1962}}
* {{cite journal |last=Kuznetsov |author-link=Sergey Kuznetsov (historian) |first=Sergey |title=Malarz Jan Chrucki. Portret XIX-wiecznego "artysty średniego" |trans-title=Painter Jan Chrucki. Portrait of a 19th century "middle artist" |url=https://digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/diglit/bhs1998/0056 |journal=Biuletyn historii sztuki |volume=60 |issue=1-2 |pages=49–67| date=1998}}


==External links==
==External links==
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{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


⚫
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chrucki, Jan}}
{{Persondata
| NAME = Khrutsky, Ivan
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Polish painter
| DATE OF BIRTH = 1810
| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Beshankovichy Raion|Ułła]], [[Vitebsk Governorate]], [[Russian Empire]]
| DATE OF DEATH = 1885
| PLACE OF DEATH = Zacharnicze, Russia
}}
⚫
{{DEFAULTSORT:Khrutsky, Ivan}}
[[Category:1810 births]]
[[Category:1810 births]]
[[Category:1885 deaths]]
[[Category:1885 deaths]]
[[Category:Polish painters]]
[[Category:People from Beshankovichy District]]
[[Category:Polish nobility]]
[[Category:People from Lepelsky Uyezd]]
[[Category:People from Beshankovichy Raion]]
[[Category:19th-century male artists from the Russian Empire]]
[[Category:People from Vitebsk Governorate]]
[[Category:Painters from the Russian Empire]]
[[Category:Imperial Russian people of Polish descent]]
[[Category:19th-century painters]]

Latest revision as of 19:17, 27 October 2024

Jan Chrucki
Ivan Khrutsky, self-portrait, 1883
Born(1810-02-08)8 February 1810
Ulla, Vitebsk Governorate, Russian Empire
Died26 January 1885(1885-01-26) (aged 74)
Zakharnichi, Russian Empire
NationalityPolish, Belarusian, Russian
Alma materImperial Academy of Arts
Known forPainter
MovementRealism
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ivan Khrutsky.

Jan Chrucki (Ivan Fomich Khrutsky, Russian: Иван Фомич Хруцкий; Belarusian: Іван Хруцкі; 1810–1885) was a Polish-Russian painter of Belarusian descent known by his still lifes and portraits.

Biography

[edit]

He was born into a Greek-Catholic Polish-Belarusian family descended from the nobility of Leliwa coat of arms in the village of Ulla, Vitebsk Governorate. His father Tomasz, like his relatives, was a Greek Catholic priest, his mother's name was Minadora (or Menodowa[1]) Kuryłło. He was educated at the Piarist Lyceum in Polotsk, which had university rights, then in 1827 he went to St. Petersburg. He studied privately with George Dawe, then around 1830 entered the Imperial Academy of Arts.[1] There he established contacts with another Polish painter Jozef Oleszkiewicz, who introduced him to the Hermitage.[2]

His first known works are dated 1832. The paintings gradually gathered public and critical acclaim. Khrutsky also worked as an interior designer, and became a popular amongst the wealthy home owners. In 1836 he was awarded the Major Silver medal of the academy for his still-lifes. Khrutsky also executed nice genre pictures and portraits. Old Woman Knitting a Sock, brought him the Minor Gold medal of the academy. In 1839 he was awarded the title of the Academician.

After his father's death in 1840 Khrutsky left St. Petersburg forever and settled in the family estate Zacharnicze (Zakharenichi, Zacharniczy), Polotsk region. This period was one of commissioned religious art, mostly from Lithuania. He spent a lot of time in Vilnius, where he made several works from nature on the orders of Jan Kazimierz Wilczyński for the "Album Wileńskie".[3] Besides religious paintings he also worked on portraits, such as I.I. Glazunov's, Józef Siemaszko [pl]'s, Mikołaj Malinowski [pl]'s and others.

He died in his estate in Zacharnicze in 1885.

Family

[edit]

In 1845 he married Anna Odrowąż-Bębnowska (b. 1822), daughter of Ksawery, captain in the Kościuszko Uprising of 1794. With her he had a daughter, Maria, and a son, Józef (d. 1918), who inherited the family estate.

Two of Chrucki's brothers were also painters. The younger Andrzej - from 1845 a free student of St. Petersburg Academy of Fine Arts, who in 1854 was awarded the title "unclassified painter", from 1870, lived with his brother's family in Zacharnicze. Older brother Eustachy, a portrait painter, who graduated from the Academy of Fine Arts in 1842, also with the title of "unclassified painter", settled down in St. Petersburg.

Selected paintings

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Miłobędzka 1962, p. 174.
  2. ^ Miłobędzka 1962, p. 175.
  3. ^ Miłobędzka 1962, p. 178.

Sources

[edit]
  • Miłobędzka, Joanna (1962). "Jan Chrucki - nowe dane do życia i twórczości" [Jan Chrucki - new data on life and work]. Biuletyn historii sztuki. 24 (1): 171–184.
  • Kuznetsov, Sergey (1998). "Malarz Jan Chrucki. Portret XIX-wiecznego "artysty średniego"" [Painter Jan Chrucki. Portrait of a 19th century "middle artist"]. Biuletyn historii sztuki. 60 (1–2): 49–67.
[edit]
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