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Jurhum (Arabic: جرهم, romanized: Jurhum; also Banu Jurhum or The second Jurhum) historically referred to as the Goramenoi (Ancient Greek: Γοrαμῆνοι) in the 5th century,^[1] was a tribe of Arabia associated with Mecca. Muslim texts state that they were succeeded by Qusayy ibn Kilab, the leader of the Quraysh.

They were considered Qahtanites traditionally, whose historical abode was said to be Yemen.^[2]^[3] Irfan Shahîd wrote that M. al-Iryani printed a Sabaic inscription in 1974 identifying it as a South Arabian tribe; previous theories had suggested they instead were the eponymous residents of Gerrha in Eastern Arabia, which this inscription put to rest.^[4]

Kaaba

According to Muslim accounts, the tribe of the Jurhum gave protection to the important figures of Hagar and her son Ishmael in Islam, a relationship cemented with Ishmael's marriage to a Jurhumite woman, Rala bint Mudad ibn 'Amr ibn Jurhum ibn Himyar ibn Qahtan.^[5] The Jurhum are said to have been involved in worship centred on the Kaaba, the holy sanctuary allegedly rebuilt by Ishmael and his father Abraham and revered as a pilgrimage site.^[6] According to one tradition, their custodianship over the Kaaba ended after they were ousted by the Banu Khuza'a, a tribal group from the south.^[6]

Well of Zamzam

Muslim tradition further holds that Hagar and Ishmael found a spring in Mecca now called the Zamzam Well from which the Jurhum wanted to drink, and that after their ousting by the Banu Khuza'a, the Jurhum collected the treasures dedicated to the Kaaba and destroyed the Zamzam so that nobody would find it.

References

^ Shahîd, Irfan (1989). Byzantium and the Arabs in the Fifth Century. Dumbarton Oaks. p. 386. ISBN 978-0-88402-152-0.
^ Clouston, William Alexander (1881). Arabian Poetry for English Readers. Priv. print. [MʻLaren and son, printers]. Jurhum Qahtan.
^ Abdullah, Shaikh (September 2006). Geography of the Prophet. Maktaba Darussalam. p. 62. ISBN 9789960980324.
^ Shahîd, Irfan (1989). Byzantium and the Arabs in the Fifth Century. Dumbarton Oaks. p. 548. ISBN 978-0-88402-152-0.
^ Maqsood, Ruqaiyyah Waris. "Adam to Banu Khuza'ah". Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 15 August 2015.
^ ^a ^b Shahid, Irfan (1989). Byzantium and the Arabs in the Fifth Century. Dumbarton Oaks. p. 337.

Bibliography

Shahîd, Irfan (1989). Byzantium and the Arabs in the fifth century (Illustrated, reprint ed.). Dumbarton Oaks. ISBN 9780884021520.
Shahid, Irfan (1989). Byzantium and the Arabs in the Fifth Century. Dumbarton Oaks. p. 337.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Short description|Arab tribe}}
-'''Jurhum''' ({{lang-ar|جرهم|Jurhum}}; also '''Banu Jurhum''' or '''The second Jurhum''') historically referred to as '''Gorrhamite''' by the Greeks, was an old [[Arabs|Arab]] tribe in the [[Arabian Peninsula|Arabian peninsula]]. Traditionally, they were a [[Qahtanite]] tribe whose historical abode was [[Yemen]] before they immigrated to [[Mecca]].<ref name="The Ancient Arabs">{{cite book |last=Clouston|first=William Alexander|title=Arabian Poetry for English Readers|year=1881|publisher=Priv. print. [MʻLaren and son, printers]|url=https://archive.org/details/arabianpoetryfo00clougoog|quote=Jurhum Qahtan.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i8bbHTcRV5kC&q=second+jurhum&pg=PA62|title=Geography of the Prophet|last=Abdullah|first=Shaikh|publisher=Maktaba Darussalam|date=September 2006|isbn=9789960980324|pages=62}}</ref>
+'''Jurhum''' ({{langx|ar|جرهم|Jurhum}}; also '''Banu Jurhum''' or '''The second Jurhum''') historically referred to as the ''Goramenoi'' ({{langx|grc|Γοrαμῆνοι}}) in the [[5th century]],<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shahîd |first1=Irfan |title=Byzantium and the Arabs in the Fifth Century |date=1989 |publisher=Dumbarton Oaks |isbn=978-0-88402-152-0 |page=386 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6oYCfWor5AIC&pg=PA386 |language=en}}</ref> was a [[tribes of Arabia|tribe of Arabia]] associated with [[Mecca]]. Muslim texts state that they were succeeded by [[Qusayy ibn Kilab]], the leader of the [[Quraysh]].
+They were considered [[Qahtanite]]s traditionally, whose historical abode was said to be [[Yemen]].<ref name="The Ancient Arabs">{{cite book |last=Clouston|first=William Alexander|title=Arabian Poetry for English Readers|year=1881|publisher=Priv. print. [MʻLaren and son, printers]|url=https://archive.org/details/arabianpoetryfo00clougoog|quote=Jurhum Qahtan.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i8bbHTcRV5kC&q=second+jurhum&pg=PA62|title=Geography of the Prophet|last=Abdullah|first=Shaikh|publisher=Maktaba Darussalam|date=September 2006|isbn=9789960980324|pages=62}}</ref> Irfan Shahîd wrote that M. al-Iryani printed a [[Sabaic]] inscription in 1974 identifying it as a South Arabian tribe; previous theories had suggested they instead were the eponymous residents of [[Gerrha]] in [[Eastern Arabia]], which this inscription put to rest.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Shahîd |first1=Irfan |title=Byzantium and the Arabs in the Fifth Century |date=1989 |publisher=Dumbarton Oaks |isbn=978-0-88402-152-0 |page=548 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6oYCfWor5AIC&pg=PA548 |language=en}}</ref>
 ==Kaaba==
 {{main|Kaaba}}
-According to [[Arabic language|Arabic]] accounts, the tribe of the Jurhum gave protection to [[Hagar]] and her son [[Ishmael]], a relationship cemented with Ishmael's marriage to a Jurhumite woman, Rala bint Mudad ibn 'Amr ibn Jurhum ibn [[Himyar]] ibn [[Qahtan]].<ref name=Karoo>{{cite web|last=Maqsood|first=Ruqaiyyah Waris|title=Adam to Banu Khuza'ah|url=http://www.ruqaiyyah.karoo.net/articles/prophfamily1.htm|access-date=15 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924092744/http://www.ruqaiyyah.karoo.net/articles/prophfamily1.htm|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The Jurhum are said to have been involved in the worship centering around the [[Kaaba]], the holy sanctuary rebuilt by Ishmael and his father [[Abraham]] and revered as a pilgrimage site.<ref name=Byzantium>{{cite book |last=Shahid|first=Irfan|title=Byzantium and the Arabs in the Fifth Century|publisher=Dumbarton Oaks|year=1989|page=337}}</ref> According to one tradition, their custodianship over the Kaaba ended after they were ousted by the [[Banu Khuza'a|Khuza'a]], a tribal group from the south.<ref name=Byzantium/>
+According to [[Muslim]] accounts, the tribe of the Jurhum gave protection to the important figures of [[Hagar in Islam|Hagar]] and her son [[Ishmael in Islam|Ishmael]] in [[Islam]], a relationship cemented with Ishmael's marriage to a Jurhumite woman, Rala bint Mudad ibn 'Amr ibn Jurhum ibn [[Himyar]] ibn [[Qahtan]].<ref name=Karoo>{{cite web|last=Maqsood|first=Ruqaiyyah Waris|title=Adam to Banu Khuza'ah|url=http://www.ruqaiyyah.karoo.net/articles/prophfamily1.htm|access-date=15 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924092744/http://www.ruqaiyyah.karoo.net/articles/prophfamily1.htm|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The Jurhum are said to have been involved in worship centred on the [[Kaaba]], the holy sanctuary allegedly rebuilt by Ishmael and his father [[Abraham]] and revered as a pilgrimage site.<ref name=Byzantium>{{cite book |last=Shahid|first=Irfan|title=Byzantium and the Arabs in the Fifth Century|publisher=Dumbarton Oaks|year=1989|page=337}}</ref> According to one tradition, their custodianship over the Kaaba ended after they were ousted by the [[Banu Khuza'a]], a tribal group from the south.<ref name=Byzantium/>
 ==Well of Zamzam==
-{{main|Zamzam well}}
+{{main|Zamzam Well}}
-[[Islam]]ic tradition further holds that Hagar and Ishmael found a spring in Mecca, the [[Zamzam well]], from which the Jurhum wanted to drink, and that after their ousting by the Khuza'a tribe,  the Jurhum collected the treasures dedicated to the Kaaba and destroyed the Zamzam well so that nobody would find it.
+Muslim tradition further holds that Hagar and Ishmael found a spring in Mecca now called the [[Zamzam Well]] from which the Jurhum wanted to drink, and that after their ousting by the Banu Khuza'a, the Jurhum collected the treasures dedicated to the Kaaba and destroyed the Zamzam so that nobody would find it.
 ==See also==

v t e Historical Arab tribes
These prefixes ignored in the alphabetical ordering: Al, Bani, Banu.
ʿĀd Akk Amila Banu Amr Anmar Banu Asad Ash'ar Aslam Azd Ansar Aws Khazraj Bariq Daws Ghamd Zahran Bajila Hamdan Al-Haram Hudhayl Judham Ju'fa Jurhum Banu Kanz Kahlan Khath'am Khuza'a Mustaliq Kinana Bakr ibn Abd Manat Damrah Ghifar Jadhima Quraysh Abd-Shams Umayya Adi Hashim Abbas Jumah Sahm Taym Zuhra Kinda Khuthir Lihyan Lakhm Madhhaj Banu al-Hakam Ans Awd Nukha Zubaid Maqil Muzayna Rabi'a Abd al-Qays Anizah Bakr ibn Wa'il Banu Dhuhl Hanifa Ijl Shayban Taym Allah Banu Yashkur Taghlib Qays Ghatafan Dhubyan Fazara Murra Tha'laba Abs Hawazin Sa'd ibn Nasr Thaqif Amir Hilal Ka'b Uqayl Khafaja Kilab Qushayr Sulaym Ghani Bahila Muharib Qedar Quda'a Bahra' Bali Balqayn Jarm Juhaynah Kalb Salih al-Samayda Sa'ida Shehr Shuja Tamim Hanzala Sa'd ibn Zayd Manat Tanukh Tayy Jarrah Al Fadl Thamud Yaman
Part of Arab tribes

Latest revision as of 21:15, 27 October 2024

Kaaba

Well of Zamzam

See also

References

Bibliography

Further reading