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{{Short description|Danish multipurpose frigate}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image= KDM Absalon (L16) underway in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Greenland on 16 August 2019 (190816-N-TJ319-1251).JPG
|Ship image=L16 HDMS Absalon - 20070902.jpg
|Ship image size=300px
|Ship image size=300px
|Ship caption=HDMS ''Absalon'' (L16)
|Ship caption=''Absalon'' in 2019
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship class overview
{{Infobox ship class overview
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|Builders=[[Odense Steel Shipyard|Odense Staalskibsværft]]
|Builders=[[Odense Steel Shipyard|Odense Staalskibsværft]]
|Operators=[[Royal Danish Navy]]
|Operators=[[Royal Danish Navy]]
|Class before=[[Falster class minelayer|''Falster''-class minelayers]]
|Class before=Falster class minelayer|''Falster''-class minelayers
|Class after=
|Class after=
|Subclasses=
|Subclasses=
|Cost= [[Danish krone|DKK]]2.5bn (total),<ref name="RDNspecs" /> (~US$195m/ship) excluding weapon modules
|Cost= [[Danish krone|DKK]]2.5bn (total),<ref name="RDNspecs" /> (~US$189m/ship) excluding weapon modules
|Built range=2003–2004
|Built range=2003–2004
|In service range=
|In service range=
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|Ship complement=100, plus aircrew and transients (accommodation for up to 300 in total)
|Ship complement=100, plus aircrew and transients (accommodation for up to 300 in total)
|Ship sensors=*[[Thales Nederland|Thales]] [[SMART-S]] Mk2 3D volume search radar
|Ship sensors=*[[Thales Nederland|Thales]] [[SMART-S]] Mk2 3D volume search radar
*[[Terma A/S|Terma]] Scanter 2100 surface search radar
*[[Terma A/S|Terma]] Scanter 6002 surface search radar
*[[Atlas Elektronik|Atlas]] ASO 94 sonar
*[[Atlas Elektronik|Atlas]] ASO 94 sonar
*4 × [[Saab Group|Saab]] CEROS 200 fire control radars
*3 × [[Saab Group|Saab]] CEROS 200 fire control radars
*ES-3701 Tactical Radar Electronic Support Measures ([[Electronic warfare support measures|ESM]])
*ES-3701 Tactical Radar Electronic Support Measures ([[Electronic warfare support measures|ESM]])
|Ship EW=*4 × 12-barrelled Terma DL-12T 130&nbsp;mm decoy launchers
|Ship EW=*4 × 12-barrelled Terma DL-12T 130&nbsp;mm decoy launchers
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|Ship armament=*'''5 × StanFlex modules''', typically:
|Ship armament=*'''5 × StanFlex modules''', typically:
*3 × 12 [[RIM-162 ESSM]] SAM in&nbsp;Mk&nbsp;48Mod3/ Mk 56 [[Vertical launching system|VLS]]
*3 × 12 [[RIM-162 ESSM]] SAM in&nbsp;Mk&nbsp;48Mod3/ Mk 56 [[Vertical launching system|VLS]]
*2 × 4 [[Harpoon (missile)|Harpoon Block II]] [[Surface-to-surface missile|SSM]]
*2 × 8 [[Harpoon (missile)|Harpoon Block II]] [[Surface-to-surface missile|SSM]]
*'''Fixed weapons:'''
*'''Fixed weapons:'''
*1 × [[5"/54 caliber Mark 45 gun|5"/62 Mk 45 mod 4 gun]]
*1 × [[5"/54 caliber Mark 45 gun|5"/62 Mk 45 mod 4 gun]]
*2 × [[Mark 32 Surface Vessel Torpedo Tubes|Mk32 Mod 14]], each with 2 × [[MU90 Impact|MU90 torpedoes]]
*2 × [[Mark 32 Surface Vessel Torpedo Tubes|Mk32 Mod 14]], each with 2 × [[MU90 Impact|MU90 torpedoes]]
*2 × [[Oerlikon Millennium 35 mm Naval Revolver Gun System|Millennium 35&nbsp;mm]] [[CIWS]]
*2 × [[Oerlikon Millennium 35 mm Naval Revolver Gun System|Millennium 35&nbsp;mm]] [[CIWS]]
*2 × 2 [[FIM-92 Stinger|Stinger]] [[Point-defence]] [[Surface-to-air missile|SAM]]
*7 × 12.7&nbsp;mm M/01 LvSa [[Heavy machine gun|HMG]]
*7 × 12.7&nbsp;mm M/01 LvSa [[Heavy machine gun|HMG]]
|Ship aircraft= 2 × [[AgustaWestland EH101|EH-101]] helicopters<ref name="RDNspecs" />
|Ship aircraft= 2 × [[AgustaWestland EH101|AW-101]] helicopters<ref name="RDNspecs" />
or 2 [[MH-60R]] helicopters
or 2 [[MH-60R]] helicopters
|Ship aircraft facilities=Aft helicopter deck and hangars
|Ship aircraft facilities=Aft helicopter deck and hangars
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==Design==
==Design==
The class is based on a [[frigate]]-like design, but built with an internal multipurpose deck (flex deck) and a stern vehicle ramp. The ships can serve as command platforms for a staff of 75 persons (naval or joint staff) with a containerized command and control centre, transport and base of operations for a company-sized landing force of some 200 men with vehicles. Alternatively, the flex deck can be used for mine-laying operations with a capacity of some 300 mines, or be fitted out for mine-clearing operations and launch and recover mine detecting and clearing equipment via a retractable gantry crane, adjacent to the stern vehicle ramp, which also is used for launching and recovering the fast landing craft. Furthermore, the flex deck can support a containerized hospital or simply transport a number of ISO standard containers or some 55 vehicles, including up to seven [[Main Battle Tank|MBT]]s. The ships can carry two LCPs ([[Storebro SB90E]]), two rigid hull inflatable boats and two EH101 helicopters.
The class is based on a [[frigate]]-like design, but built with an internal multipurpose deck (flex deck) and a stern vehicle ramp. The ships can serve as command platforms for a staff of 75 persons (naval or joint staff) with a containerized command and control centre, transport and base of operations for a company-sized landing force of some 200 soldiers with vehicles. Alternatively, the flex deck can be used for mine-laying operations with a capacity of some 300 mines, or be fitted out for mine-clearing operations and launch and recover mine detecting and clearing equipment via a retractable gantry crane, adjacent to the stern vehicle ramp, which also is used for launching and recovering the fast landing craft. Furthermore, the flex deck can support a containerized hospital or simply transport a number of ISO standard containers or some 55 vehicles, including up to seven [[main battle tank]]s. The ships can carry two landing craft, personnel (LCPs) ([[Storebro SB90E]]), two rigid hull inflatable boats and two AW-101 helicopters.


The ships have been designed by a joint team from The Royal Danish Navy (RDN), the Danish Defence Acquisition and Logistics Organization (DALO) and a group of contractors, primarily Odense Maritime Technology (OMT) to the Royal Danish Navy's requirements for a multi-mission frigate-like ship with an emphasis on flexibility.
The ships have been designed by a joint team from The Royal Danish Navy (RDN), the Danish Defence Acquisition and Logistics Organization (DALO) and a group of contractors, primarily Odense Maritime Technology (OMT) to the Royal Danish Navy's requirements for a multi-mission frigate-like ship with an emphasis on flexibility.
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The ships were named after two brothers, [[Esbern Snare]] and archbishop [[Absalon]], who led the naval campaigns in the 12th century against the [[Wends]], a group of pagan Slavs in northern Germany.
The ships were named after two brothers, [[Esbern Snare]] and archbishop [[Absalon]], who led the naval campaigns in the 12th century against the [[Wends]], a group of pagan Slavs in northern Germany.


Production started at [[Odense Steel Shipyard]] on 30 April 2003,<ref name="RDNspecs" /> with the lead ship ''Absalon'' laid down on 28 November of that year.<ref name="RDNspecs" /> ''Esbern Snare'' followed on 24 March 2004; they were both launched later that year.<ref name="RDNspecs" /> They were delivered on 19 October 2004 and 17 April 2005 respectively, and commissioned on 10 January 2005 and 17 June 2005.<ref name="RDNspecs" /> At this point they had the StanFlex modules installed, but would have to wait until 2007 for full operational capability,<ref name="RDNspecs" /> with the installation of the 35mm CIWS, [[Mark 32 Surface Vessel Torpedo Tubes|Mk32 torpedo launchers]] and [[Seagnat]]/[[Mark 36 SRBOC|SRBOC]] decoy systems.
Production started at [[Odense Steel Shipyard]] on 30 April 2003,<ref name="RDNspecs" /> with the lead ship ''Absalon'' laid down on 28 November of that year.<ref name="RDNspecs" /> ''Esbern Snare'' followed on 24 March 2004; they were both launched later that year.<ref name="RDNspecs" /> They were delivered on 19 October 2004 and 17 April 2005 respectively, and commissioned on 10 January 2005 and 17 June 2005.<ref name="RDNspecs" /> At this point they had the StanFlex modules installed, but would have to wait until 2007 for full operational capability,<ref name="RDNspecs" /> with the installation of the 35mm CIWS, [[Mark 32 Surface Vessel Torpedo Tubes|Mk32 torpedo launchers]] and [[Seagnat]]/[[Mark 36 SRBOC|SRBOC]] decoy systems. For political reasons, the ships were originally launched as "Flexible support ships" to avoid antagonising [[Russia]] after the end of the [[Cold War|cold war]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 October 2020 |title=Med malerpensler har Søværnet slettet et 20 år gammelt 'underligt' ord |url=https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/politik/med-malerpensler-har-soevaernet-slettet-et-20-aar-gammelt-underligt-ord |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201026170031/https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/politik/med-malerpensler-har-soevaernet-slettet-et-20-aar-gammelt-underligt-ord |archive-date=2020-10-26}}</ref>


Among other upgrades the two ships of the Absalon class were fitted with the newer [[Terma A/S|Terma]] Scanter 6002 to replace the Scanter 2001 in 2020.
⚫
For political reasons, the ships were originally launched as "Flexible support ships" to avoid antagonising [[Russia]] after the end of the [[Cold War|cold war]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/politik/med-malerpensler-har-soevaernet-slettet-et-20-aar-gammelt-underligt-ord|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201026170031/https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/politik/med-malerpensler-har-soevaernet-slettet-et-20-aar-gammelt-underligt-ord|archive-date = 2020-10-26|title = Med malerpensler har Søværnet slettet et 20 år gammelt 'underligt' ord|date = 17 October 2020}}</ref> On the 16th of October 2020, both ships were reclassed as ASW-frigates. Both ships will be upgraded with [[Towed array sonar|towed array sonars]] in addition to the existing, hull-mounted sonar and the [[Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk]] helicopters will be equipped with [[Dipping sonar|dipping sonars]], [[Sonobuoy|sonobuoys]] and [[Torpedo|torpedoes]].This upgrade is expected to complete in 2026.<ref>{{cite web|date=2020-10-16|title=Søværnets nye fregatter|trans-title=Navy's new frigates|url=https://forsvaret.dk/da/nyheder/2020/sovarnets-nye-fregatter/|access-date=2020-10-21|website=forsvaret.dk|language=Danish}}</ref>


== Reclassification ==
⚫
On the 16th of October 2020, both ships were reclassed as [[anti-submarine warfare]]-frigates. Both ships will be upgraded with [[Towed array sonar|towed array sonars]] in addition to the existing, hull-mounted sonar. The [[Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk]] helicopters will be equipped with [[Dipping sonar|dipping sonars]], [[Sonobuoy|sonobuoys]] and [[Torpedo|torpedoes]]. This upgrade is expected to complete in 2026.<ref>{{cite web|date=2020-10-16|title=Søværnets nye fregatter|trans-title=Navy's new frigates|url=https://forsvaret.dk/da/nyheder/2020/sovarnets-nye-fregatter/|access-date=2020-10-21|website=[[forsvaret.dk]]|language=Danish}}</ref>

⚫
{{stack|[[File:HDMS Esbern Snare L17 shipbell.jpg|thumb|Ship's bell and Lindø Yard nameplate on board ''Esbern Snare'' (L17)]]}}
==List of ships==
==List of ships==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

⚫
[[File:HDMS Esben Snare L17 shipbell.jpg|thumb|Ship's bell and Lindø Yard nameplate on board ''Esbern Snare'' (L17)]]


==External links==
==External links==
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* [http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=817 HDMS Absalon Command and Support Ship - Flexible Support Ship]
* [http://www.navyrecognition.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=817 HDMS Absalon Command and Support Ship - Flexible Support Ship]
* [http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/absalon/ Naval Technology]
* [http://www.naval-technology.com/projects/absalon/ Naval Technology]

<!-- non-breaking space to keep AWB drones from altering the space before the navbox-->


{{Absalon class command ships}}
{{Absalon class command ships}}
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[[Category:Amphibious warfare vessels of Denmark| ]]
[[Category:Amphibious warfare vessels of Denmark| ]]
[[Category:Ships of the Royal Danish Navy]]
[[Category:Ships of the Royal Danish Navy]]
[[Category:2004 ships]]
[[Category:Frigate classes]]
[[Category:Frigate classes]]

Latest revision as of 15:29, 28 October 2024

Absalon in 2019
Class overview
BuildersOdense Staalskibsværft
OperatorsRoyal Danish Navy
Preceded byFalster class minelayer
CostDKK2.5bn (total),[1] (~US$189m/ship) excluding weapon modules
Built2003–2004
In commission2005–present
Completed2
Active2
General characteristics
TypeFrigates (formerly support ships)
Displacement
  • 4,500 tonnes light,[1]
  • 6,600 tonnes full load[1]
Length137 m (449 ft 6 in)[1]
Beam19.5 m (64 ft 0 in)[1]
Draft6.3 m (20 ft 8 in)[1]
Propulsion
  • 2 × MTU 8000 M70 diesel engines
  • Two shafts
  • 22,300 bhp (16.6 MW)[1]
Speed24 knots (44 km/h)[1]
Range9,000 nmi (17,000 km) at 15 kn (28 km/h)[1]
Boats & landing
craft carried		2 × RHIBs, 2 × SB90E LCP
Complement100, plus aircrew and transients (accommodation for up to 300 in total)
Sensors and
processing systems
  • Thales SMART-S Mk2 3D volume search radar
  • Terma Scanter 6002 surface search radar
  • Atlas ASO 94 sonar
  • 3 × Saab CEROS 200 fire control radars
  • ES-3701 Tactical Radar Electronic Support Measures (ESM)
Electronic warfare
& decoys
  • 4 × 12-barrelled Terma DL-12T 130 mm decoy launchers
  • 2 × 6-barrelled Terma DL-6T 130 mm decoy launchers
Armament
Aircraft carried2 × AW-101 helicopters[1] or 2 MH-60R helicopters
Aviation facilitiesAft helicopter deck and hangars

The Absalon class are frigates of the Royal Danish Navy,[2][3][4] commissioned in 2005. The two ships in the class may be described as a hybrid between a frigate and military transport ship with multiple role capabilities,[5] with the capacity to be transformed from a combat ship with the firepower of a traditional frigate to a hospital ship within a day.[6]

Design

[edit]

The class is based on a frigate-like design, but built with an internal multipurpose deck (flex deck) and a stern vehicle ramp. The ships can serve as command platforms for a staff of 75 persons (naval or joint staff) with a containerized command and control centre, transport and base of operations for a company-sized landing force of some 200 soldiers with vehicles. Alternatively, the flex deck can be used for mine-laying operations with a capacity of some 300 mines, or be fitted out for mine-clearing operations and launch and recover mine detecting and clearing equipment via a retractable gantry crane, adjacent to the stern vehicle ramp, which also is used for launching and recovering the fast landing craft. Furthermore, the flex deck can support a containerized hospital or simply transport a number of ISO standard containers or some 55 vehicles, including up to seven main battle tanks. The ships can carry two landing craft, personnel (LCPs) (Storebro SB90E), two rigid hull inflatable boats and two AW-101 helicopters.

The ships have been designed by a joint team from The Royal Danish Navy (RDN), the Danish Defence Acquisition and Logistics Organization (DALO) and a group of contractors, primarily Odense Maritime Technology (OMT) to the Royal Danish Navy's requirements for a multi-mission frigate-like ship with an emphasis on flexibility.

The ships are built to the naval standards of Det Norske Veritas (DNV GL), an international certification body and classification society, heavily utilizing STANAG.

The design is built with the aim of a large margin for growth over life-cycle, to a relatively low cost of ownership, with open architecture for ease of upgrades, with a high degree of automation allowing smaller crews, and utilizing StanFlex modules that can be shared across several ship classes in service with the Royal Danish Navy.

The hulls were built in highly competitive commercial shipyards using the latest development in the industries shipbuilding technology and cost-effective production procedures and processes. The outfitting and integration of sensor, communication and weapons systems was primarily carried out "in-house" by the RDN and DALO.

The standard weapons of the Absalon class can be supplemented through the use of StanFlex mission modules.[7] A special weapons deck (nicknamed the 'Bathtub') is designed with five StanFlex module slots.[7] Because of the Bathtub's position, only missile-firing weapons modules can be installed.[7]

History

[edit]

The ships were named after two brothers, Esbern Snare and archbishop Absalon, who led the naval campaigns in the 12th century against the Wends, a group of pagan Slavs in northern Germany.

Production started at Odense Steel Shipyard on 30 April 2003,[1] with the lead ship Absalon laid down on 28 November of that year.[1] Esbern Snare followed on 24 March 2004; they were both launched later that year.[1] They were delivered on 19 October 2004 and 17 April 2005 respectively, and commissioned on 10 January 2005 and 17 June 2005.[1] At this point they had the StanFlex modules installed, but would have to wait until 2007 for full operational capability,[1] with the installation of the 35mm CIWS, Mk32 torpedo launchers and Seagnat/SRBOC decoy systems. For political reasons, the ships were originally launched as "Flexible support ships" to avoid antagonising Russia after the end of the cold war.[8]

Among other upgrades the two ships of the Absalon class were fitted with the newer Terma Scanter 6002 to replace the Scanter 2001 in 2020.

Reclassification

[edit]

On the 16th of October 2020, both ships were reclassed as anti-submarine warfare-frigates. Both ships will be upgraded with towed array sonars in addition to the existing, hull-mounted sonar. The Sikorsky SH-60 Seahawk helicopters will be equipped with dipping sonars, sonobuoys and torpedoes. This upgrade is expected to complete in 2026.[9]

Ship's bell and Lindø Yard nameplate on board Esbern Snare (L17)

List of ships

[edit]
Name Original Number Number Launched Commissioned Status
Absalon L16 F341 25 February 2004 19 October 2004 Active
Esbern Snare L17 F342 21 June 2004 18 April 2005 Active

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Fleksible Støtteskibe" (PDF) (in Danish). Danish Defence. Retrieved 2013-06-15.
  2. ^ Royal Danish Navy: Support Ships, ABSALON-class Archived June 7, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ "An Overview of Current, On-Going Danish Naval projects -- 2005-2009 Absalon class Command and Support Ship (CSS / Transport Frigate)". Canadian American Strategic Review. May 2008. Archived from the original on 24 June 2009. Retrieved 2009-07-12.
  4. ^ "An Overview of Current, On-Going Danish Naval projects 2005-2009 Projekt Patruljeskib – a Patrol Ship or Heavily-Armed Future Frigate". Canadian American Strategic Review. July 2008. Archived from the original on 15 June 2009. Retrieved 2009-07-12.
  5. ^ "HDMS Absalon and HDMS Esbern Snare - Royal Danish Navy". Navy Recognition. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
  6. ^ Pike, John. "Absalon Class Flexible Support Ship / Command Support Ship". globalsecurity.org. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
  7. ^ a b c Lok, Joris Janssen (24 April 2006). "New Danish combat support ships offer greater flexibility for NATO operations". International Defence Review. Jane's Information Group.
  8. ^ "Med malerpensler har Søværnet slettet et 20 år gammelt 'underligt' ord". 17 October 2020. Archived from the original on 2020-10-26.
  9. ^ "Søværnets nye fregatter" [Navy's new frigates]. forsvaret.dk (in Danish). 2020-10-16. Retrieved 2020-10-21.
[edit]
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