Hans Wijers: Difference between revisions

Hans Wijers
Hans Wijers
	Wijers in 2010
Minister of Finance
	In office; 4 June 1996 – 26 June 1996 ; Ad interim
Prime Minister	Wim Kok
Preceded by	Gerrit Zalm
Succeeded by	Gerrit Zalm
Minister of Economic Affairs
	In office; 22 August 1994 – 3 August 1998
Prime Minister	Wim Kok
Preceded by	Koos Andriessen
Succeeded by	Annemarie Jorritsma
Personal details
Born	Gerardus Johannes Wijers; 11 January 1951 (age 73); Oostburg, Netherlands
Political party	Democrats 66 (since 1976)
Domestic partner	Edith Sijmons (since 1988)
Children	2
Residence(s)	Amsterdam, Netherlands ; Zoutelande, Netherlands
Alma mater	University of Groningen ; Erasmus University Rotterdam (PhD)
Occupation	Politician · Civil servant · Economist · Businessman · Professor

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Gerardus Johannes "Hans" Wijers (born 11 January 1951) is a Dutch retired politician of the Democrats 66 (D66) party, and businessman. He is the chairman of the supervisory board of ING Group since 2018.

Early life

After secondary school at Hogere Burgerschool (HBS-B) level, Wijers studied economics at the University of Groningen, where he graduated cum laude in 1976. As assistant professor, he taught economics at the Erasmus University, and in 1982 received a doctorate for his research in "Industrial politics: the design of governmental policy for industrial sectors".^[1]^[2]

Civil service

From 1982 till 1984, Wijers worked as a civil servant at the ministry of Social Affairs and Labour and later at the ministry of Economic Affairs. Subsequently, he became a management consultant at, amongst others, Horringa & De Koning, which later became part of Boston Consulting Group.

Politics

Wijers, a member of D66 since 1976, was asked in 1994 by his party colleague Hans van Mierlo to take up a ministerial post in the First Kok cabinet. As Minister of Economic Affairs he was responsible for the law change regarding the extending of shop opening hours, and he formulated the Competition Regulation law which triggered the foundation of the Dutch Competition Authority. An important event in his ministry was the bankruptcy of the Fokker aircraft factory in March 1996. When Wijers refused further state aid due to a lack of a clear future perspective, German company DASA withdrew as parent company.

By the end of the cabinet period, Hans van Mierlo had decided not to stand for re-election. The party leaders exercised strong pressure on the popular Wijers to take on the party leadership. When the second purple cabinet was formed after the election in 1998, Wijers expressed that he had no interest in a second term as minister.

Life after politics

In 1999 Wijers picked up his old career as a consultant: he became senior partner and chairman of the Dutch branch of the consulting firm The Boston Consulting Group. In July 2002 he became a member of the Board of Directors of Akzo Nobel NV and on 1 May 2003 he became chairman of the board of directors. He succeeded Kees van Lede. Under his leadership the pharmacy branch of Organon, (Organon BioSciences), was sold in 2007 and the British ICI was acquired. AkzoNobel focused more to paint and chemistry. At the end of April 2012 he decided to resign as chairman of the board. He was succeeded by Ton Büchner.^[3]

Wijers has been non-executive director at Royal Dutch Shell since January 2009; he later became vice-chairman. He is President of Heineken and supervisory director at HAL Holding NV. He is also chairman of the Vereniging Natuurmonumenten and chairman of the supervisory board of the Royal Concertgebouw NV. In 2010 he was chairman of the jury of the Libris Literature Prize. In 2013 he was chairman of the National Committee inauguration for King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands.

From 2021 to 2022, Wijers was a member of the Trilateral Commission’s Task Force on Global Capitalism in Transition, chaired by Carl Bildt, Kelly Grier and Takeshi Niinami.^[4]

Personal

Wijers lives with his partner, and has two children.

Decorations

Ribbon bar	Honour	Country	Date	Comment
Honours
	Officer of the Order of Orange-Nassau	Netherlands	30 October 1998

References

^ "Hans Wijers, Chief Executive Officer". AkzoNobel. 2009. Archived from the original on 28 December 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2009.
^ "Dr. G.J. Wijers". Parlementair Documentatie Centrum (PDC UL) of Leiden University. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
^ "AkzoNobel CEO Hans Wijers to leave 2012 – Ton Büchner to succeed" (Press release). Akzo Nobel NV. 10 June 2011. Retrieved 19 April 2019.
^ Task Force on Global Capitalism in Transition Trilateral Commission.

External links

Official

(in Dutch) Dr. G.J. (Hans) Wijers Parlement & Politiek

Political offices
Preceded by Koos Andriessen	Minister of Economic Affairs 1994–1998	Succeeded by Annemarie Jorritsma
Preceded by Gerrit Zalm	Minister of Finance Ad interim 1996	Succeeded by Gerrit Zalm
Business positions
Preceded by Unknown	CEO and Chairman of the Boston Consulting Group Netherlands 1999–2001	Succeeded by Unknown
Preceded by Kees van Lede	CEO and Chairman of AkzoNobel 2003–2012	Succeeded by Ton Büchner
Preceded by Unknown	Vice Chairman of Royal Dutch Shell 2009–2018	Succeeded by Gerard Kleisterlee
Preceded by Steven ten Have	Chairman of the Supervisory board of AFC Ajax N.V. 2012–2015	Succeeded by Leo van Wijk
Preceded by Kees van Lede	Chairman of the Supervisory board of Heineken N.V. 2012–present	Succeeded by Jean-Marc Huët
Preceded by Jeroen van der Veer	Chairman of the Supervisory board of the ING Group 2018–present	Incumbent
Non-profit organization positions
Preceded by Ed Nijpels	Chairman of the Netherlands World Wide Fund for Nature 1999–2003	Succeeded by Ruud Lubbers
Preceded by Office established	Chairman of the Orange Foundation 2002–2011	Succeeded by Joop Wijn
Preceded by Cees Veerman	Chairman of the Vereniging Natuurmonumenten 2011–present	Incumbent
Preceded by Alexander Rinnooy Kan	Chairman of the Concertgebouw Foundation 2015–present	Incumbent

[1] "Hans Wijers, Chief Executive Officer". AkzoNobel. 2009. Archived from the original on 28 December 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2009.

[pnp-2] "Dr. G.J. Wijers". Parlementair Documentatie Centrum (PDC UL) of Leiden University. Retrieved 19 April 2019.

[3] "AkzoNobel CEO Hans Wijers to leave 2012 – Ton Büchner to succeed" (Press release). Akzo Nobel NV. 10 June 2011. Retrieved 19 April 2019.

[4] Task Force on Global Capitalism in Transition Trilateral Commission.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Dutch politician and businessman (born 1951)}}
 {{Infobox officeholder
-|honorific-prefix   = [[Excellency|His Excellency]]
+| honorific-prefix    =
-|name               = Hans Wijers
+| name                = Hans Wijers
-|image              = Hans Wijers 2010.jpg
+| image               = Hans Wijers 2010.jpg
-|imagesize          = 250px
+| imagesize           =
-|caption            = Hans Wijers in 2010
+| caption             = Wijers in 2010
-|office             = [[Ministry of Economic Affairs (Netherlands)|Minister of Economic Affairs of the Netherlands]]
+| office              = [[List of Ministers of Finance of the Netherlands|Minister of Finance]]
-|term_start         = 22 August 1994
+| term_start          = 4 June 1996
-|term_end           = 3 August 1998
+| term_end            = 26 June 1996 <br/> <small>''Ad interim''</small>
-|primeminister      = [[Wim Kok]]
+| primeminister       = [[Wim Kok]]
-|predecessor        = [[Koos Andriessen]]
+| predecessor         = [[Gerrit Zalm]]
-|successor          = [[Annemarie Jorritsma]]
+| successor           = Gerrit Zalm
-|office1            = [[Ministry of Finance (Netherlands)|Minister of Finance of the Netherlands]]
+| office1             = [[List of Ministers of Economic Affairs of the Netherlands|Minister of Economic Affairs]]
-|term_start1        = 4 June 1996
+| term_start1         = 22 August 1994
-|term_end1          = 26 June 1996
+| term_end1           = 3 August 1998
-|primeminister1     = [[Wim Kok]]
+| primeminister1      = [[Wim Kok]]
-|predecessor1       = [[Gerrit Zalm]]
+| predecessor1        = [[Koos Andriessen]]
-|successor1         = [[Gerrit Zalm]]
+| successor1          = [[Annemarie Jorritsma]]
-|birthname          = Gerardus Johannes Wijers
+| birthname           = Gerardus Johannes Wijers
-|birth_date         = {{Birth date and age|1951|01|11|df=y}}
+| birth_date          = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1951|01|11}}
-|birth_place        = [[Oostburg]], [[Netherlands]]
+| birth_place         = [[Oostburg]], Netherlands
-|death_date         =
+| death_date          =
-|death_place        =
+| death_place         =
-|nationality        = [[Netherlands|Dutch]]
+| party               = [[Democrats 66]] <small>(since 1976)</small>
-|party              = [[Democrats 66]] <small>(since 1976)
+| spouse              =
+| partner             = Edith Sijmons (since 1988)
-|alma_mater         = [[University of Groningen]] <br/> <small>([[Bachelor of Economics]], [[Master of Economics]])</small> <br/> [[Erasmus University Rotterdam]] <small>([[Doctor of Philosophy]])
+| children            = 2
-|occupation         = [[Politician]] <br/> [[Civil service|Civil servant]] <br/> [[Businessperson|Businessman]] <br/> [[Board of directors|Corporate director]] <br/> [[Board of directors|Nonprofit director]] <br/> [[Management consulting|Management consultant]] <br/> [[Associate professor]]
+| residence           = [[Amsterdam]], Netherlands <br/> [[Zoutelande]], Netherlands
-|religion           =
+| alma_mater          = [[University of Groningen]] <br/> [[Erasmus University Rotterdam]] (PhD)
-|signature          =
+| occupation          = Politician · Civil servant · Economist · Businessman · Professor
-|website            =
+| signature           =
+| website             =
 }}
-'''Gerardus Johannes "Hans" Wijers''' (born in [[Oostburg]], [[Netherlands]], 11 January 1951) is [[Netherlands|Dutch]] company director and former  politician [[Democrats 66]] (D66) party. From May 2003 till May 2012 he was CEO of [[AkzoNobel]]. From 1994 till 1998 he was [[Ministry of Economic Affairs (Netherlands)|Minister of Economic Affairs]] in the [[First Kok cabinet|Cabinet Kok I]]. He served as acting [[Ministry of Finance (Netherlands)|Minister of Finance]] from 4 June 1996 until 26 June 1996 following an illness of [[Gerrit Zalm]].
+'''Gerardus Johannes "Hans" Wijers''' (born 11 January 1951) is a Dutch retired politician of the [[Democrats 66]] (D66) party, and businessman. He is the chairman of the [[supervisory board]] of [[ING Group]] since 2018.
+==Early life==
+After secondary school at [[Hogere Burgerschool]] (HBS-B) level, Wijers studied economics at the [[University of Groningen]], where he graduated ''cum laude'' in 1976. As assistant professor, he taught economics at the [[Erasmus University]], and in 1982 received a doctorate for his research in "Industrial politics: the design of governmental policy for industrial sectors".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.akzonobel.com/aboutus/board_of_management/hans_wijers/index.aspx|title=Hans Wijers, Chief Executive Officer|publisher=AkzoNobel|year=2009|access-date=12 March 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081228101647/http://www.akzonobel.com/aboutus/board_of_management/hans_wijers/index.aspx|archive-date=28 December 2008}}</ref><ref name=pnp>{{cite web|url=https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09lldw6vzw/g_j_hans_wijers|title=Dr. G.J. Wijers|publisher=Parlementair Documentatie Centrum (PDC UL) of [[Leiden University]]|access-date=19 April 2019}}</ref>
-== Career ==
+==Civil service==
-After secondary school at [[Hogere burgerschool]] (HBS-B) level, Wijers studied Economics at the [[Rijksuniversiteit Groningen]], where he graduated Cum Laude in 1976. As assistant professor, he taught Economics at the [[Erasmus University]], and in 1982 received a [[doctorate]] for his research in "Industrial politics: the design of governmental policy for industrial sectors".<ref name="an">{{cite web | url = http://www.akzonobel.com/aboutus/board_of_management/hans_wijers/index.aspx | title =  Hans Wijers, Chief Executive Officer | publisher = AkzoNobel | year = 2009 | accessdate = 2009-03-12}}</ref><ref name=pnp>{{cite web | url = http://www.parlement.com/9291000/biof/01629 | title = Dr. G.J. Wijers | publisher = Parlementair Documentatie Centrum (PDC UL) of [[Leiden University]] | accessdate = 2009-03-12}}</ref>From 1982 till 1984, Wijers worked as a civil servant at the ministry of Social Affairs and Labour and later at the ministry of Economic Affairs. Subsequently, he became a management consultant at, amongst others, Horringa & De Koning, which later became part of [[The Boston Consulting Group]].
+From 1982 till 1984, Wijers worked as a civil servant at the ministry of Social Affairs and Labour and later at the ministry of Economic Affairs. Subsequently, he became a management consultant at, amongst others, Horringa & De Koning, which later became part of [[Boston Consulting Group]].
+==Politics==
-Wijers, since 1976 member of D66, was asked in 1994 by D66 foreman [[Hans van Mierlo]] (D66) for a ministerial post in the Cabinet Kok I. As Minister of Economic Affairs he was responsible for the law change regarding the extending of shop opening hours, and the coined the Competition Regulation law which triggered the foundation of the Dutch Competition Authority. An important event in his ministry was the bankruptcy of the [[Fokker]] aircraft factory in March 1996. When Wijers refused further state aid due to a lack of a clear future perspective, German company DASA withdrew as parent company.
+Wijers, a member of D66 since 1976, was asked in 1994 by his party colleague [[Hans van Mierlo]] to take up a ministerial post in the [[First Kok cabinet]]. As Minister of Economic Affairs he was responsible for the law change regarding the extending of shop opening hours, and he formulated the Competition Regulation law which triggered the foundation of the Dutch Competition Authority. An important event in his ministry was the bankruptcy of the [[Fokker]] aircraft factory in March 1996. When Wijers refused further state aid due to a lack of a clear future perspective, German company DASA withdrew as parent company.
-By the end of the cabinet period, Hans van Mierlo had decided not to be eligible for re-election. The party leaders exercised strong pressure on the popular Wijers to take on the party leadership. When the second purple cabinet (Cabinet-Cook II) was formed after the elections in 1998, Wijers expressed that he had no interest in a second term as minister.
+By the end of the cabinet period, Hans van Mierlo had decided not to stand for re-election. The party leaders exercised strong pressure on the popular Wijers to take on the party leadership. When the [[Second Kok cabinet|second purple cabinet]] was formed after the election in 1998, Wijers expressed that he had no interest in a second term as minister.
+==Life after politics==
-In 1999 Wijers picked up his old career as a consultant: he became senior partner and chairman of the Dutch branch of the consulting firm The [[Boston Consulting Group]].
+In 1999 Wijers picked up his old career as a consultant: he became senior partner and chairman of the Dutch branch of the consulting firm The [[Boston Consulting Group]]. In July 2002 he became a member of the Board of Directors of [[Akzo Nobel NV]] and on 1 May 2003 he became chairman of the board of directors. He succeeded Kees van Lede. Under his leadership the pharmacy branch of [[Organon]], (Organon BioSciences), was sold in 2007 and the British [[Imperial Chemical Industries|ICI]] was acquired. AkzoNobel focused more to paint and chemistry. At the end of April 2012 he decided to resign as chairman of the board. He was succeeded by Ton Büchner.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www.akzonobel.com/en/for-media/media-releases-and-features/akzonobel-ceo-hans-wijers-leave-2012-%E2%80%93-ton-b%C3%BCchner-succeed|title=AkzoNobel CEO Hans Wijers to leave 2012 – Ton Büchner to succeed|publisher=Akzo Nobel NV|date=10 June 2011|access-date=19 April 2019}}</ref>
+Wijers has been non-executive director at Royal Dutch Shell since January 2009; he later became vice-chairman. He is President of [[Heineken]] and supervisory director at HAL Holding NV. He is also chairman of the [[Vereniging Natuurmonumenten]] and chairman of the supervisory board of the Royal Concertgebouw NV. In 2010 he was chairman of the jury of the Libris Literature Prize. In 2013 he was chairman of the National Committee inauguration for [[King Willem-Alexander]] of the Netherlands.
-In July 2002 he became a member of the Board of Directors of [[Akzo Nobel NV]] and on 1 May 2003 he became Chairman of the Board of Directors. He succeeded Kees van Lede. Under his leadership the pharmacy branch of [[Organon]], (Organon BioSciences), was sold in 2007 and the British [[Imperial Chemical Industries|ICI]] was acquired. AkzoNobel focused more to paint and chemistry. At the end of April 2012 he decided to resign as chairman of the board. He was succeeded by Ton Büchner.
+From 2021 to 2022, Wijers was a member of the [[Trilateral Commission]]’s Task Force on Global Capitalism in Transition, chaired by [[Carl Bildt]], [[Kelly Grier]] and [[Takeshi Niinami]].<ref>[https://www.trilateral.org/task-force-on-global-capitalism-in-transition/ Task Force on Global Capitalism in Transition] [[Trilateral Commission]].</ref>
-Wijers has been non-executive director at Royal Dutch Shell since January 2009; he later became vice-chairman. He is President of [[Heineken]] and supervisory director  at HAL Holding NV. He is also chairman of the [[Vereniging Natuurmonumenten]] and Chairman of the Supervisory Board of the Royal Concertgebouw NV.
+==Personal==
-In 2010 he was chairman of the jury of the Libris Literature Prize. In 2013 he was chairman of the National Committee inauguration for [[King Willem-Alexander]] of the Netherlands.
+Wijers lives with his partner, and has two children.
+==Decorations==
-Wijers is living together and has two children.
+{| class="wikitable" style="width:60%;"
+|- style="background:#ccf; text-align:center;"
+| colspan=5 |'''Honours'''
+|-
+! style="width:80px;"| Ribbon bar !! Honour !! Country !! Date !! Comment
+|-
+| [[File:Order of Orange-Nassau ribbon - Officer.svg|80px]]
+| [[Order (distinction)|Officer]] of the [[Order of Orange-Nassau]]
+| Netherlands
+| 30 October 1998
+|
+|-
+|}
 ==References==
+{{Reflist}}
-<references />
+==External links==
+{{Commons category}}
+;Official
+* {{in lang|nl}} [https://www.parlement.com/id/vg09lldw6vzw/g_j_hans_wijers Dr. G.J. (Hans) Wijers] Parlement & Politiek
+{{s-start}}
+{{s-off}}
+{{s-bef|before=[[Koos Andriessen]]}}
+{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Ministers of Economic Affairs of the Netherlands|Minister of Economic Affairs]]|years=1994–1998}}
+{{s-aft|after=[[Annemarie Jorritsma]]}}
+{{s-bef|before=[[Gerrit Zalm]]}}
+{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Ministers of Finance of the Netherlands|Minister of Finance]] <br/> <small>''Ad interim''</small>|years=1996}}
+{{s-aft|after=[[Gerrit Zalm]]}}
+{{s-bus}}
+{{s-bef|before=''Unknown''}}
+{{s-ttl|title=CEO and Chairman of the <br/> [[Boston Consulting Group|Boston Consulting <br/> Group Netherlands]]|years=1999–2001}}
+{{s-aft|after=''Unknown''}}
+{{s-bef|before=Kees van Lede}}
+{{s-ttl|title=CEO and Chairman of <br/> [[AkzoNobel]]|years=2003–2012}}
+{{s-aft|after=Ton Büchner}}
+{{s-bef|before=''Unknown''}}
+{{s-ttl|title=Vice Chairman of <br/> [[Royal Dutch Shell]]|years=2009–2018}}
+{{s-aft|after=[[Gerard Kleisterlee]]}}
+{{s-bef|before=[[Steven ten Have]]}}
+{{s-ttl|title=Chairman of the <br/> [[Supervisory board]] of <br/> [[AFC Ajax N.V.]]|years=2012–2015}}
+{{s-aft|after=[[Leo van Wijk]]}}
+{{s-bef|before=Kees van Lede}}
+{{s-ttl|title=Chairman of the <br/> [[Supervisory board]] of <br/> [[Heineken N.V.]]|years=2012–present}}
+{{s-aft|after=[[Jean-Marc Huët]]}}
+{{s-bef|before=[[Jeroen van der Veer]]}}
+{{s-ttl|title=Chairman of the <br/> [[Supervisory board]] of the <br/> [[ING Group]]|years=2018–present}}
+{{s-inc}}
+{{s-npo}}
+{{s-bef|before=[[Ed Nijpels]]}}
+{{s-ttl|title=Chairman of the <br/> [[World Wide Fund for Nature|Netherlands World Wide <br/> Fund for Nature]]|years=1999–2003}}
+{{s-aft|after=[[Ruud Lubbers]]}}
+{{s-bef|before=''Office established''}}
+{{s-ttl|title=Chairman of the <br/> [[:nl:Oranje Fonds|Orange Foundation]]|years=2002–2011}}
+{{s-aft|after=[[Joop Wijn]]}}
+{{s-bef|before=[[Cees Veerman]]}}
+{{s-ttl|title=Chairman of the <br/> [[Vereniging Natuurmonumenten]]|years=2011–present}}
+{{s-inc|rows=2}}
+{{s-bef|before=[[Alexander Rinnooy Kan]]}}
+{{s-ttl|title=Chairman of the <br/> [[Concertgebouw, Amsterdam|Concertgebouw Foundation]]|years=2015–present}}
+{{s-end}}
+{{Ministers of Finance of the Netherlands}}
+{{Ministers of Economic Affairs of the Netherlands}}
+{{First Kok cabinet}}
+{{Authority control}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Wijers, Hans}}
 [[Category:1951 births]]
 [[Category:Living people]]
-[[Category:Ministers of Economic Affairs of the Netherlands]]
+[[Category:Boston Consulting Group people]]
-[[Category:Ministers of Finance of the Netherlands]]
 [[Category:Democrats 66 politicians]]
+[[Category:Directors of Shell plc]]
+[[Category:Dutch academic administrators]]
+[[Category:Dutch chief executives in the finance industry]]
+[[Category:Dutch chief executives in the food industry]]
 [[Category:Dutch chief executives in the manufacturing industry]]
-[[Category:Dutch businesspeople]]
 [[Category:Dutch corporate directors]]
-[[Category:Dutch sports executives and administrators]]
+[[Category:Dutch expatriates in the United States]]
-[[Category:Dutch nonprofit executives]]
-[[Category:Dutch nonprofit directors]]
 [[Category:Dutch management consultants]]
-[[Category:Dutch civil servants]]
+[[Category:Dutch nonprofit directors]]
-[[Category:Boston Consulting Group people]]
+[[Category:Dutch nonprofit executives]]
+[[Category:Dutch sports executives and administrators]]
 [[Category:Erasmus University Rotterdam alumni]]
-[[Category:Erasmus University Rotterdam faculty]]
+[[Category:Academic staff of Erasmus University Rotterdam]]
-[[Category:University of Groningen alumni]]
+[[Category:Heineken people]]
+[[Category:Ministers of economic affairs of the Netherlands]]
+[[Category:Ministers of finance of the Netherlands]]
+[[Category:Officers of the Order of Orange-Nassau]]
+[[Category:Politicians from Amsterdam]]
 [[Category:People from Sluis]]
+[[Category:People from Veere]]
+[[Category:University of Groningen alumni]]
+[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Groningen]]
+[[Category:20th-century Dutch businesspeople]]
+[[Category:20th-century Dutch civil servants]]
+[[Category:20th-century Dutch economists]]
+[[Category:20th-century Dutch educators]]
+[[Category:20th-century Dutch politicians]]
+[[Category:21st-century Dutch businesspeople]]
+[[Category:21st-century Dutch economists]]
+[[Category:21st-century Dutch educators]]
+[[Category:21st-century Dutch politicians]]
+[[Category:Businesspeople from Amsterdam]]

v t e First Kok cabinet (1994–1998)
Preceded by: Third Lubbers cabinet Succeeded by: Second Kok cabinet
Prime Minister	Wim Kok (General Affairs)
Deputy Prime Ministers	Hans Dijkstal (Interior) Hans van Mierlo (Foreign Affairs)
Ministers	Gerrit Zalm (Finance) (1994–1996) Hans Wijers (Finance) (Ad interim) Gerrit Zalm (Finance) (1996–1998) Winnie Sorgdrager (Justice) Hans Wijers (Economic Affairs) Joris Voorhoeve (Defence) Els Borst (Health, Welfare and Sport) Ad Melkert (Social Affairs and Employment) Jo Ritzen (Education, Culture and Science) Annemarie Jorritsma (Transport and Water Management) Jozias van Aartsen (Agriculture, Nature and Fisheries) Margreeth de Boer (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment)
Minister without portfolios	Joris Voorhoeve (Netherlands Antilles and Aruba Affairs) Jan Pronk (Development Cooperation)
State Secretaries	Tonny van de Vondervoort (Interior) Jacob Kohnstamm (Interior) Michiel Patijn (Foreign Affairs) Willem Vermeend (Finance) Elizabeth Schmitz (Justice) Anneke van Dok-van Weele (Economic Affairs) Jan Gmelich Meijling (Defence) Erica Terpstra (Health, Welfare and Sport) Robin Linschoten (Social Affairs and Employment) (1994–1996) Frank de Grave (Social Affairs and Employment) (from 1996) Tineke Netelenbos (Education, Culture and Science) Aad Nuis (Education, Culture and Science) Monique de Vries (Transport and Water Management) Dick Tommel (Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment)

Authority control databases
International	ISNI VIAF WorldCat
National	Netherlands
People	Trove