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{{short description|Former municipality in Vest-Agder, Norway}}
{{Infobox Settlement
{{about|the former municipality in Vest-Agder, Norway|the village in Lindesnes, Norway|Høllen, Lindesnes}}
| name = Spangereid herred
{{Infobox kommune
| settlement_type = [[Former municipalities of Norway|Former Municipality]]
|name = Spangereid
| image_skyline = Spangereid kanal fra syd.jpg
|herred = yes
| image_caption = Entrance to the Spangereid canal
| seat_type = Adm. Center
|former = yes
| seat = Spangereid
|native_name =
| blank_name = Split from
|native_name_lang =
|other_name =
| blank_info = [[Sør-Audnedal|Sør-Undal]] in 1889
| blank1_name = Merged into
|official_name =
|image_skyline = Spangereid kanal fra syd.jpg
| blank1_info = [[Lindesnes]] in 1965
|image_caption = View of the Spangereid canal
| subdivision_type = Country
|idnumber = 1030
| subdivision_name = [[Norway]]
|county = Vest-Agder
| subdivision_type1 = [[Counties of Norway|County]]
|district = [[Sørlandet]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Vest-Agder]]
|capital = [[Høllen, Lindesnes|Høllen]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Districts of Norway|District]]
|established = 1 Jan 1889
| subdivision_name2 = [[Southern Norway|Sørlandet]]
|preceded = [[Sør-Audnedal|Sør-Undal Municipality]]
| subdivision_type3 = Municipality ID
|disestablished = 1 Jan 1964
| subdivision_name3 = [[ISO 3166-2:NO|NO-1030]]
|succeeded = [[Lindesnes Municipality]]
| latd = 58 | latm = 02 | lats = 43 | latNS = N | coordinates_type = region:NO_type:city
|demonym =
| longd = 07 | longm = 08 | longs = 30 | longEW = E | coordinates_display = display=inline,title
|language =
|coatofarms =
|flag =
|mayor =
|mayor_party =
|mayor_as_of =
|area_rank =
|area_total_km2 = 63
|area_land_km2 =
|area_water_km2 =
|area_water_percent =
|population_as_of = 1964
|population_rank =
|population_total = 899
|population_density_km2 = auto
|coordinates = {{coord|58|02|42|N|07|08|34|E|region:NO|display=inline,title}}
}}
}}


'''Spangereid''' is a [[List of former municipalities of Norway|former municipality]] that was located in the old [[Vest-Agder]] county in [[Norway]]. The {{convert|63|km2|adj=on}} municipality<ref name="NLF">{{Cite book |last=Helland |first=Amund |url=https://runeberg.org/norgeslof/10-2/0394.html |title=X Lister og Mandals amt. Anden del |publisher=H. Aschehoug & Company |year=1903 |series=Norges land og folk |location=Kristiania, Norway |page=379 |language=Norwegian |chapter=Spangereid herred |access-date=2022-07-03}}</ref> existed from 1889 until its dissolution in 1964. The municipality was located in the southwestern part of the present-day municipality of [[Lindesnes]] in [[Agder]] county. The municipality included the whole Lindesnes peninsula, plus part of the mainland adjacent to the narrow [[isthmus]] which connects the peninsula to the mainland. The [[administrative centre]] was the village of [[Høllen, Lindesnes|Høllen]] where the [[Spangereid Church]] is located.<ref name="snl">{{Cite news |last=Store norske leksikon |author-link=Store norske leksikon |title=Spangereid – tidligere kommune |language=Norwegian |work=Store Norske Leksikon |url=https://snl.no/Spangereid/tidligere_kommune |access-date=2016-12-08}}</ref>
'''Spangereid''' is a village and a [[Former municipalities of Norway|former municipality]] in [[Vest-Agder]] [[Counties of Norway|county]] in [[Norway]]. It is located in the southern part of the present-day municipality of [[Lindesnes]], and it is home to the new Spangereid Canal which crosses the Spangereid [[isthmus]].


The area is one of [[Norway]]'s richest [[archaeological]] sites. The abundant remnants from the [[Bronze Age]] and [[Viking]] era show the Spangereid was a very important place at that time. Spangereid is strategically connected at the [[Lindesnes]] peninsula, Norway's southernmost point, where the east coast meets the west coast. Today the village is a popular tourist destination for Norwegians and Europeans alike.
The area is one of [[Norway]]'s richest [[archaeological]] sites. The abundant remnants from the [[Bronze Age]] and [[Viking Age]] show the Spangereid was a very important place at that time. Spangereid is strategically connected at the [[Lindesnes]] peninsula, Norway's southernmost point, where the east coast meets the west coast.

==Name==
The municipality (originally the [[parish]]) was named after the [[Old Norse]] word ''Spangarheiði''. The first element comes from the Old Norse word ''spǫng'' which means a "small piece of land" and the last element is ''eið'' which is identical with the word for "[[isthmus]]", since the church is located on an isthmus which connects the Lindesnes [[headland|peninsula]] to the mainland.<ref>{{cite book|title=Norske gaardnavne: Lister og Mandals amt|edition=9|authorlink=Oluf Rygh|last=Rygh|first=Oluf|publisher=W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri|date=1912|location=Kristiania, Norge|pages=173|url=http://www.dokpro.uio.no/perl/navnegransking/rygh_ng/rygh_bla.prl?enhid=146638&avid=33112|language=Norwegian}}</ref><ref name="snl">{{cite web|publisher=[[Store norske leksikon]]|language=Norwegian|url=http://www.snl.no/Spangereid./kommune|title=Spangereid|accessdate=2009-11-12}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
[[File:Spangereid fra lufta.jpg|thumb|left|Aerial view of Spangereid]]
The municipality of Spangereid was established on 1 January 1899 when it was separated from the municipality of [[Sør-Audnedal|Sør-Undal]]. The initial population of the new municipality was 1,734. On 1 January 1963, the Gitlevåg area (population: 103) of Spangereid was transferred to the neighboring municipality of [[Lyngdal]]. On 1 January 1964, Spangereid (population: 899) was merged together with [[Sør-Audnedal]] and [[Vigmostad]] to form the new municipality of [[Lindesnes]].
[[File:Spangereid02.svg|thumb|left|Map of the Spangereid area, showing the Spangereid canal]]
The municipality of Spangereid was established on 1 January 1899 when it was separated from the municipality of [[Sør-Audnedal|Sør-Undal]]. The initial population of the new municipality was 1,734. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the [[Schei Committee]]. On 1 January 1963, the Gitlevåg area (population: 103) of Spangereid was transferred to the neighboring municipality of [[Lyngdal]]. On 1 January 1964, Spangereid (population: 899) was merged with [[Sør-Audnedal]] and [[Vigmostad]] to form the new municipality of [[Lindesnes]].<ref name="Dag">{{Cite book |last=Jukvam |first=Dag |year=1999 |title=Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen |url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/00/90/rapp_9913/rapp_9913.pdf |publisher=[[Statistics Norway|Statistisk sentralbyrå]] |language=no |isbn=9788253746845}}</ref>


==Photo gallery==
===Name===
The municipality (originally the [[prestegjeld|parish]]) is named after a local [[isthmus]] called ''Spangereid'' ({{langx|non|Spangarheið}}) since it connected the mainland to the large [[Lindesnes]] [[headland|peninsula]] and the local [[Spangereid Church]] is located upon it. The first element is {{lang|non|spǫng}} which means "small piece of land". The last element is {{wikt-lang|non|eið}} which means "[[isthmus]]".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Rygh |first=Oluf |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mt1LAQAAIAAJ |title=Norske gaardnavne: Lister og Mandals amt |date=1912 |publisher=W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri |edition=9 |location=Kristiania, Norge |page=173 |language=no |authorlink=Oluf Rygh}}</ref><ref name="snl" />
<gallery>

File:Spangereid02.svg|Map of Spangereid
==Government==
File:The Spangereid canal.jpg|Spangereid Canal
While it existed, this municipality was responsible for [[primary education]] (through 10th grade), outpatient [[Health care|health services]], [[old age|senior citizen]] services, [[unemployment]], [[Social work|social services]], [[zoning]], [[economic development]], and municipal [[road]]s. During its existence, this municipality was governed by a [[Municipal council (Norway)|municipal council]] of [[Direct election|directly elected]] representatives. The [[mayor]] was [[Indirect election|indirectly elected]] by a vote of the municipal council.<ref name="ks">{{Cite encyclopedia |title=kommunestyre |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |publisher=[[Kunnskapsforlaget]] |url=https://snl.no/kommunestyre |access-date=2023-08-03 |date=2022-09-20 |editor-last=Hansen |editor-first=Tore |language=no |editor2-last=Vabo |editor2-first=Signy Irene}}</ref>
File:Spangereid Zentrum.jpg|Spangereid Centrum

File:Spangereidkirke.jpg|Spangereid Church
===Mayors===
The [[Mayor#Scandinavia|mayors]] ({{langx|no|ordfører}}) of Spangereid:
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*1899&ndash;1912: I.P. Solaas<ref>{{Cite web |title=I. P. Solaas, ordfører Spangereid 1899 - 1912 |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/kulturtorvet/3661647391/in/photolist-6zCZS7-6zyUcz-6zCZSE-6zyUdZ-6zCZVb-6zyUep-6zDzZW-27eCjT-6zySQr |access-date=2018-02-05 |website=Flickr}}</ref>
*1929&ndash;1931: Hans Daland<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hans Daland - ordfører Spangereid 1929-1931 |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/kulturtorvet/3661647473/in/photolist-6zCZS7-6zyUcz-6zCZSE-6zyUdZ-6zCZVb-6zyUep-6zDzZW-27eCjT-6zySQr |access-date=2018-02-05 |website=Flickr}}</ref>
*1932&ndash;1934: L. Aanensen<ref>{{Cite web |title=L. Aanensen - ordfører Spangereid 1932-1934 |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/kulturtorvet/3661647497/in/photolist-6zCZS7-6zyUcz-6zCZSE-6zyUdZ-6zCZVb-6zyUep-6zDzZW-27eCjT-6zySQr |access-date=2018-02-05 |website=Flickr}}</ref>
*1938&ndash;1940: August E. Fjeldskaar<ref>{{Cite web |title=August E. Fjeldskaar - ordfører Spangereid 1938 - 1940 |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/kulturtorvet/3662446894/in/photolist-6zCZS7-6zyUcz-6zCZSE-6zyUdZ-6zCZVb-6zyUep-6zDzZW-27eCjT-6zySQr |access-date=2018-02-05 |website=Flickr}}</ref>
*1946&ndash;1948: Gunnar Gulli ([[Liberal Party (Norway)|V]])<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gunnar Gulli - ordfører Spangereid 1946-1948 |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/kulturtorvet/3662446926 |access-date=2018-02-05 |website=Flickr}}</ref>
*1960&ndash;1963: Abraham Lindland<ref>{{Cite web |title=Abraham Lindland - ordfører Spangereid 1960-1963 |url=https://www.flickr.com/photos/kulturtorvet/3662447072/in/photolist-6zCZS7-6zyUcz-6zCZSE-6zyUdZ-6zCZVb-6zyUep-6zDzZW-27eCjT-6zySQr |access-date=2018-02-05 |website=Flickr}}</ref>
{{div col end}}

===Municipal council===
The [[Municipal council (Norway)|municipal council]] {{lang|no|(Herredsstyre)}} of Spangereid was made up of representatives that were elected to four year terms. The tables below show the historical composition of the council by political [[Political party|party]].
{{div col}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name = Spangereid
|herad = yes
|start = 1960
|end = 1963
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1960 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xii_022.pdf |access-date=2020-11-22 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=Norwegian |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|Total = 13
|Arbeiderpartiet = 2
|Høyre = 2
|Senterpartiet = 4
|Venstre = 5
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name = Spangereid
|herad = yes
|start = 1956
|end = 1959
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1957 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xi_252.pdf |access-date=2020-11-22 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=Norwegian |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|Total = 13
|Arbeiderpartiet = 3
|Høyre = 1
|Senterpartiet = 2
|Venstre = 7
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name = Spangereid
|herad = yes
|start = 1952
|end = 1955
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1952 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xi_120.pdf |access-date=2020-11-22 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=Norwegian |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|Total = 12
|Arbeiderpartiet = 2
|Høyre = 1
|Venstre = 7
|Local_Lists = 2
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name = Spangereid
|herad = yes
|start = 1948
|end = 1951
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1948 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_x_165.pdf |access-date=2020-11-22 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=Norwegian |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|Total = 12
|Arbeiderpartiet = 3
|Høyre = 2
|DRF/V = 7
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name = Spangereid
|herad = yes
|start = 1945
|end = 1947
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1947 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_x_133.pdf |access-date=2020-11-22 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=Norwegian |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|Total = 12
|Arbeiderpartiet = 1
|Borgerlige_Felleslister = 4
|Local_Lists = 7
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
|name = Spangereid
|herad = yes
|start = 1938
|end = 1941*
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1938 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_ix_133.pdf |access-date=2020-11-22 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=Norwegian |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|Total = 12
|Venstre = 7
|Borgerlige_Felleslister = 3
|Arbeiderpartiet = 2
|}}
{{div col end}}

==Media gallery==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="160px">
The Spangereid canal.jpg|Spangereid Canal
Spangereid Zentrum.jpg|Central part of [[Høllen, Lindesnes|Høllen]]
Spangereidkirke.jpg|[[Spangereid Church]]
</gallery>
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[List of former municipalities of Norway]]


==References==
==References==
Line 44: Line 157:


==External links==
==External links==
*{{wikitravel|Vest-Agder}}
*{{Wikivoyage-inline|Vest-Agder}}
*[http://www.yr.no/place/Norway/Vest-Agder/Lindesnes/Spangereid~2377583/ Weather information for Spangereid] {{no icon}}
*[http://www.spangereid.no/ Informational website about Spangereid] {{in lang|no}}


{{Agder}}
[[Category:Former municipalities of Norway]]
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Villages in Vest-Agder]]
{{use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
[[Category:Archaeological sites in Norway]]


[[de:Spangereid]]
[[Category:Lindesnes]]
[[Category:Archaeological sites in Norway]]
[[no:Spangereid]]
[[Category:Former municipalities of Norway]]
[[nn:Spangereid]]
[[Category:1899 establishments in Norway]]
[[Category:1964 disestablishments in Norway]]

Latest revision as of 11:35, 29 October 2024

This article is about the former municipality in Vest-Agder, Norway. For the village in Lindesnes, Norway, see Høllen, Lindesnes.
Spangereid Municipality
Spangereid herred
Former municipality
View of the Spangereid canal
View of the Spangereid canal
Vest-Agder within Norway
Vest-Agder within Norway
Spangereid within Vest-Agder
Spangereid within Vest-Agder
Coordinates: 58°02′42″N 07°08′34″E / 58.04500°N 7.14278°E / 58.04500; 7.14278
CountryNorway
CountyVest-Agder
DistrictSørlandet
Established1 Jan 1889
 • Preceded bySør-Undal Municipality
Disestablished1 Jan 1964
 • Succeeded byLindesnes Municipality
Administrative centreHøllen
Area
 (upon dissolution)
 • Total
63 km2 (24 sq mi)
Population
 (1964)
 • Total
899
 • Density14/km2 (37/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeNO-1030[1]
Data from Statistics Norway

Spangereid is a former municipality that was located in the old Vest-Agder county in Norway. The 63-square-kilometre (24 sq mi) municipality[2] existed from 1889 until its dissolution in 1964. The municipality was located in the southwestern part of the present-day municipality of Lindesnes in Agder county. The municipality included the whole Lindesnes peninsula, plus part of the mainland adjacent to the narrow isthmus which connects the peninsula to the mainland. The administrative centre was the village of Høllen where the Spangereid Church is located.[3]

The area is one of Norway's richest archaeological sites. The abundant remnants from the Bronze Age and Viking Age show the Spangereid was a very important place at that time. Spangereid is strategically connected at the Lindesnes peninsula, Norway's southernmost point, where the east coast meets the west coast.

History

[edit]
Aerial view of Spangereid
Map of the Spangereid area, showing the Spangereid canal

The municipality of Spangereid was established on 1 January 1899 when it was separated from the municipality of Sør-Undal. The initial population of the new municipality was 1,734. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1963, the Gitlevåg area (population: 103) of Spangereid was transferred to the neighboring municipality of Lyngdal. On 1 January 1964, Spangereid (population: 899) was merged with Sør-Audnedal and Vigmostad to form the new municipality of Lindesnes.[4]

Name

[edit]

The municipality (originally the parish) is named after a local isthmus called Spangereid (Old Norse: Spangarheið) since it connected the mainland to the large Lindesnes peninsula and the local Spangereid Church is located upon it. The first element is spǫng which means "small piece of land". The last element is eið which means "isthmus".[5][3]

Government

[edit]

While it existed, this municipality was responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment, social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. During its existence, this municipality was governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor was indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.[6]

Mayors

[edit]

The mayors (Norwegian: ordfører) of Spangereid:

  • 1899–1912: I.P. Solaas[7]
  • 1929–1931: Hans Daland[8]
  • 1932–1934: L. Aanensen[9]
  • 1938–1940: August E. Fjeldskaar[10]
  • 1946–1948: Gunnar Gulli (V)[11]
  • 1960–1963: Abraham Lindland[12]

Municipal council

[edit]

The municipal council (Herredsstyre) of Spangereid was made up of representatives that were elected to four year terms. The tables below show the historical composition of the council by political party.

Spangereid herredsstyre 1960–1963 [13]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 5
Total number of members:13
Spangereid herredsstyre 1956–1959 [14]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 3
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 1
  Farmers' Party (Bondepartiet) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 7
Total number of members:13
Spangereid herredsstyre 1952–1955 [15]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 7
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 2
Total number of members:12
Spangereid herredsstyre 1948–1951 [16]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 3
  Conservative Party (Høyre) 2
  Joint list of the Liberal Party (Venstre) and the Radical People's Party (Radikale Folkepartiet) 7
Total number of members:12
Spangereid herredsstyre 1945–1947 [17]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 1
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) 4
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 7
Total number of members:12
Spangereid herredsstyre 1938–1941* [18]  
Party name (in Norwegian) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeiderpartiet) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 7
  Joint List(s) of Non-Socialist Parties (Borgerlige Felleslister) 3
Total number of members:12
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.
[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Bolstad, Erik; Thorsnæs, Geir, eds. (26 January 2023). "Kommunenummer". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget.
  2. ^ Helland, Amund (1903). "Spangereid herred". X Lister og Mandals amt. Anden del. Norges land og folk (in Norwegian). Kristiania, Norway: H. Aschehoug & Company. p. 379. Retrieved 3 July 2022.
  3. ^ a b Store norske leksikon. "Spangereid – tidligere kommune". Store Norske Leksikon (in Norwegian). Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  4. ^ Jukvam, Dag (1999). Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå. ISBN 9788253746845.
  5. ^ Rygh, Oluf (1912). Norske gaardnavne: Lister og Mandals amt (in Norwegian) (9 ed.). Kristiania, Norge: W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri. p. 173.
  6. ^ Hansen, Tore; Vabo, Signy Irene, eds. (20 September 2022). "kommunestyre". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 3 August 2023.
  7. ^ "I. P. Solaas, ordfører Spangereid 1899 - 1912". Flickr. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  8. ^ "Hans Daland - ordfører Spangereid 1929-1931". Flickr. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  9. ^ "L. Aanensen - ordfører Spangereid 1932-1934". Flickr. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  10. ^ "August E. Fjeldskaar - ordfører Spangereid 1938 - 1940". Flickr. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  11. ^ "Gunnar Gulli - ordfører Spangereid 1946-1948". Flickr. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  12. ^ "Abraham Lindland - ordfører Spangereid 1960-1963". Flickr. Retrieved 5 February 2018.
  13. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1960. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  14. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1957. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  15. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1952. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  16. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1948. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  17. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1947. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  18. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1938. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
[edit]

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