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{{short description|Former municipality in Hordaland, Norway}}
{{about|the former municipality in Nordhordland, Norway|the village in Meland, Norway|Meland (village)}}
{{about|the former municipality in Nordhordland, Norway|the village in Meland, Norway|Meland (village)}}
{{Infobox kommune
{{Infobox kommune
|name = Meland
|name = Meland
|former = yes
|former = yes
|native_name =
|native_name =
|native_name_lang =
|native_name_lang =
|other_name =
|other_name =
|official_name =
|former_name = Mæland herred
|image_skyline = Meland - Eldsfjelet og Rosslandspollen.JPG
|image_skyline = Meland - Eldsfjelet og Rosslandspollen.JPG
|image_caption = View of the mountain Eldsfjellet in northern Meland
|image_caption = View of the mountain Eldsfjellet in northern Meland
Line 16: Line 17:
|coatofarms = Meland komm.svg
|coatofarms = Meland komm.svg
|established = 15 Oct 1923
|established = 15 Oct 1923
|preceded = [[Alversund (municipality)|Alversund Municipality]]
|disestablished = 1 Jan 2020
|disestablished = 1 Jan 2020
|preceded = [[Alversund (municipality)|Alversund]] in 1923
|succeeded = [[Alver, Norway|Alver Municipality]]
|succeeded = [[Alver, Norway|Alver]] in 2020
|demonym = Melandsbu
|demonym = Melandsbu
|munwebpage = meland.kommune.no
|mayor = Øyvind Helland Oddekalv
|mayor = Øyvind Helland Oddekalv
|mayor_party = [[Labour Party (Norway)|Ap]]
|mayor_party = [[Labour Party (Norway)|Ap]]
Line 37: Line 37:
}}
}}


'''Meland''' is a [[List of former municipalities of Norway|former municipality]] in the [[Nordhordland]] district in the old [[Hordaland]] county, [[Norway]]. The municipality existed from 1923 until its dissolution on 1 January 2020 when it was merged into the new [[Alver Municipality]]. The municipality was located about 30 minutes north of the city of [[Bergen]] in [[Western Norway]]. The island municipality was mostly located on the island of [[Holsnøy]], where the [[administrative centre]] of [[Frekhaug]] is located. Other villages in Meland include [[Hjartås]], [[Holme, Hordaland|Holme]], [[Io, Norway|Io]], [[Krossneset]], [[Meland (village)|Meland]], and [[Rossland, Norway|Rossland]].
'''Meland''' is a [[List of former municipalities of Norway|former municipality]] in the [[Nordhordland]] district in the old [[Hordaland]] county, [[Norway]]. The municipality existed from 1923 until its dissolution on 1 January 2020 when it was merged into the new [[Alver Municipality]] in [[Vestland]] county. The municipality was located about 30 minutes north of the city of [[Bergen]] in [[Western Norway]]. The island municipality was mostly located on the island of [[Holsnøy]], where the [[administrative centre]] of [[Frekhaug]] is located. Other villages in Meland include [[Hjartås]], [[Holme, Hordaland|Holme]], [[Io, Norway|Io]], [[Krossneset]], [[Meland (village)|Meland]], and [[Rossland, Norway|Rossland]].


Prior to its dissolution in 2020, the {{convert|93|km2|adj=on}} municipality is the 386th largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Meland is the 135th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 8,021. The municipality's [[population density]] is {{convert|91.6|PD/km2}} and its population has increased by 33.3% over the last decade.<ref name="ssb pop">{{Cite web |title=Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M) |url=https://www.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/selectvarval/Define.asp?subjectcode=&ProductId=&MainTable=Folkemengd1951&nvl=&PLanguage=1&nyTmpVar=true&CMSSubjectArea=befolkning&KortNavnWeb=folkendrhist&StatVariant=&checked=true |last=Statistisk sentralbyrå |authorlink=Statistics Norway |year=2017 |language=Norwegian |access-date=2017-10-26}}</ref>
Prior to its dissolution in 2020, the {{convert|93|km2|adj=on}} municipality is the 386th largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Meland is the 135th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 8,021. The municipality's [[population density]] is {{convert|91.6|PD/km2}} and its population has increased by 33.3% over the last decade.<ref name="ssb pop">{{Cite web |last=Statistisk sentralbyrå |author-link=Statistics Norway |year=2017 |title=Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M) |url=https://www.ssb.no/statistikkbanken/selectvarval/Define.asp?subjectcode=&ProductId=&MainTable=Folkemengd1951&nvl=&PLanguage=1&nyTmpVar=true&CMSSubjectArea=befolkning&KortNavnWeb=folkendrhist&StatVariant=&checked=true |access-date=2017-10-26 |language=no}}</ref>


==General information==
==General information==
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[[File:Krossnessundet-bru.jpg|thumb|left|View of Krossnessund Bridge (back) and Nordhordland Bridge (front)]]
[[File:Krossnessundet-bru.jpg|thumb|left|View of Krossnessund Bridge (back) and Nordhordland Bridge (front)]]
[[File:Meland kirke3.JPG|thumb|left|View of the local church]]
[[File:Meland kirke3.JPG|thumb|left|View of the local church]]
On 15 October 1923, the western part of the municipality of [[Alversund (municipality)|Alversund]] was separated to create the new municipality of Meland. Meland was one of many municipalities in Norway that were created for geographical reasons: Meland was separated from the rest of Alversund by the [[Radfjorden]], and transportation between the different parts of the municipality was unreliable and time-consuming. The creation of the municipality was approved in 1922, and the first election for the municipal council was held 23 August 1923, with the municipality becoming official on 15 October 1923. Meland encompassed the southern two-thirds of the island of [[Holsnøy]] (the northern third belonged to [[Herdla]] municipality), a small area on the northeast coast of the island of [[Askøy (island)|Askøy]], as well as some very small surrounding islands.<ref name="femtiår_3">{{Cite book |last=Flatøy |first=Olav |title=Meland kommune gjennom 50 år : 1923-1973 |publisher=Meland kommune |year=1973 |isbn=82-990268-0-6 |location=Meland |pages=23–26 |language=Norwegian}}</ref>
On 15 October 1923, the western part of the municipality of [[Alversund (municipality)|Alversund]] was separated to create the new municipality of Meland. Initially, Meland had a population of 1,716. Meland was one of many municipalities in Norway that were created for geographical reasons: Meland was separated from the rest of Alversund by the [[Radfjorden]], and transportation between the different parts of the municipality was unreliable and time-consuming. The creation of the municipality was approved in 1922, and the first election for the municipal council was held 23 August 1923, with the municipality becoming official on 15 October 1923. Meland encompassed the southern two-thirds of the island of [[Holsnøy]] (the northern third belonged to [[Herdla]] municipality), a small area on the northeast coast of the island of [[Askøy (island)|Askøy]], as well as some very small surrounding islands.<ref name="femtiår_3">{{Cite book |last=Flatøy |first=Olav |title=Meland kommune gjennom 50 år : 1923-1973 |publisher=Meland kommune |year=1973 |isbn=82-990268-0-6 |location=Meland |pages=23–26 |language=no}}</ref><ref name="Dag">{{Cite book |last=Jukvam |first=Dag |year=1999 |title=Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen |url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/00/90/rapp_9913/rapp_9913.pdf |publisher=[[Statistics Norway|Statistisk sentralbyrå]] |language=no |isbn=9788253746845}}</ref>


In 1962, the [[Schei Committee]] concluded its survey of the organization of Norway's municipalities. The committee recommended enlarging Meland municipality by transferring the northern part of Holsnøy and the minor island of Øpsøy (population: 811) from Herdla municipality to Meland, and the island of [[Flatøy]] (population: 166) was transferred from [[Hamre (municipality)|Hamre]] municipality to Meland. Simultaneously, Meland would lose the parts of the municipality located on the island of [[Askøy (island)|Askøy]] and that area would go to [[Askøy Municipality]]. Hordaland county approved the move, and the border changes came into effect on 1 January 1964.<ref name="ssb_kommuneendringer">{{Cite web |title=Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen |url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/00/90/rapp_9913/rapp_9913.pdf |last=Juvkam |first=Dag |date=May 1999 |publisher=[[Statistics Norway]] |language=Norwegian |access-date=2009-11-15}}</ref> A proposal to change the name of Meland municipality to "Holsenøy" was rejected.<ref name="femtiår_1">{{Cite book |last=Flatøy |first=Olav |title=Meland kommune gjennom 50 år : 1923-1973 |publisher=Meland kommune |year=1973 |isbn=82-990268-0-6 |location=Meland |pages=60–61 |language=Norwegian}}</ref> Hamre and Herdla municipalities ceased to exist, and their territory was divided between the municipalities of [[Lindås]], [[Osterøy]], and Meland, and Askøy, [[Øygarden]], and Meland, respectively.<ref name="femtiår_2">{{Cite book |last=Flatøy |first=Olav |title=Meland kommune gjennom 50 år : 1923-1973 |publisher=Meland kommune |year=1973 |isbn=82-990268-0-6 |location=Meland |pages=15–17 |language=Norwegian}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen |url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/00/90/rapp_9913/rapp_9913.pdf |last=Jukvam |first=Dag |year=1999 |publisher=[[Statistics Norway|Statistisk sentralbyrå]] |language=Norwegian}}</ref>
In 1962, the [[Schei Committee]] concluded its survey of the organization of Norway's municipalities. The committee recommended enlarging Meland municipality by transferring the northern part of Holsnøy and the minor island of Øpsøy (population: 811) from Herdla municipality to Meland and at the same time the island of [[Flatøy]] (population: 166) was transferred from [[Hamre (municipality)|Hamre]] municipality to Meland. Simultaneously, Meland would lose the parts of the municipality located on the island of [[Askøy (island)|Askøy]] and that area would go to [[Askøy Municipality]]. Hordaland county approved the move, and the border changes came into effect on 1 January 1964.<ref name="Dag" /> A proposal to change the name of Meland municipality to "Holsenøy" was rejected.<ref name="femtiår_1">{{Cite book |last=Flatøy |first=Olav |title=Meland kommune gjennom 50 år : 1923-1973 |publisher=Meland kommune |year=1973 |isbn=82-990268-0-6 |location=Meland |pages=60–61 |language=no}}</ref> Hamre and Herdla municipalities ceased to exist, and their territory was divided between the municipalities of [[Lindås]], [[Osterøy]], and Meland, and Askøy, [[Øygarden]], and Meland, respectively.<ref name="femtiår_2">{{Cite book |last=Flatøy |first=Olav |title=Meland kommune gjennom 50 år : 1923-1973 |publisher=Meland kommune |year=1973 |isbn=82-990268-0-6 |location=Meland |pages=15–17 |language=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jukvam |first=Dag |year=1999 |title=Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen |url=http://www.ssb.no/emner/00/90/rapp_9913/rapp_9913.pdf |publisher=[[Statistics Norway|Statistisk sentralbyrå]] |language=no}}</ref>


On 1 January 2020, the neighboring municipalities of Meland, [[Radøy]], and [[Lindås]] were merged into a large, new municipality called [[Alver (municipality)|Alver]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ein kommune |url=https://einkommune.no/ |language=Norwegian |access-date=2017-10-26}}</ref>
On 1 January 2020, the neighboring municipalities of Meland, [[Radøy]], and [[Lindås]] were merged into a large, new municipality called [[Alver (municipality)|Alver]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ein kommune |url=https://einkommune.no/ |access-date=2017-10-26 |language=no}}</ref>


===Name===
===Name===
The municipality is named after the old ''[[Meland (village)|Meland]]'' farm in the south-central part of the island of [[Holsnøy]]. The [[Old Norse]] name of the farm was "Meðalland". "Meðal" means "middle" while "land" means "farm" or "land",<ref name="stadnamnleksikon">{{Cite book |last=Stemshaug |first=Ola |title=Norsk stadnamnleksikon |last2=Sandnes, Jørn |last3=Aune, Kolbjørn |publisher=[[Det Norske Samlaget]] |year=1990 |isbn=82-521-3477-7 |edition=3 |location=Oslo |pages=218 |language=Norwegian}}</ref> so that the name as a whole roughly means "the farm that is located in the middle (of the island)".<ref name="bbl1">{{Cite encyclopedia |year=1994 |title=Meland |encyclopedia=[[Bergen Byleksikon]] |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo |last=Hartvedt |first=Gunnar Hagen |pages=35 |language=Norwegian |isbn=82-573-0485-9}}</ref> The name was spelled ''Mæland'' historically.
The municipality (originally the [[prestegjeld|parish]]) is named after the old ''[[Meland (village)|Meland]]'' farm ({{langx|non|Meðalland}}) in the south-central part of the island of [[Holsnøy]]. The first element is {{wikt-lang|non|meðal}} which means "middle" or "amongst". The last element is {{wikt-lang|non|land}} which means "land" or "farm". Therefore the name as a whole roughly means "the farm that is located in the middle (of the island)". Historically, the name was spelled ''Mæland''.<ref name="stadnamnleksikon">{{Cite book |last1=Stemshaug |first1=Ola |title=Norsk stadnamnleksikon |last2=Sandnes, Jørn |last3=Aune, Kolbjørn |publisher=[[Det Norske Samlaget]] |year=1990 |isbn=82-521-3477-7 |edition=3 |location=Oslo |pages=218 |language=no}}</ref><ref name="bbl1">{{Cite encyclopedia |year=1994 |title=Meland |encyclopedia=[[Bergen Byleksikon]] |publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo |last=Hartvedt |first=Gunnar Hagen |pages=35 |language=no |isbn=82-573-0485-9}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Rygh |first=Oluf |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ud5LAQAAIAAJ |title=Norske gaardnavne: Søndre Bergenhus amt |date=1910 |publisher=W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri |edition=11 |location=Kristiania, Norge |pages=365 and 67 |language=no |authorlink=Oluf Rygh}}</ref>


===Coat of arms===
===Coat of arms===
The [[coat of arms]] was granted on 15 May 1987. The arms show a local type of [[Auger (drill)|auger]] which is used in [[carpentry]]. In the 1850s, auger manufacturing started in the municipality, and the local drills were considered to be high quality. The auger is gray and it is on a red background.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen |url=https://www.heraldry-wiki.com/heraldrywiki/index.php?title=Meland |publisher=Heraldry of the World |access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref>
The [[coat of arms]] was granted on 15 May 1987 and it was in use until 1 January 2020 when the municipality was dissolved. The official [[blazon]] is ''"[[Gules]], an [[Auger (drill)|auger]] [[palewise]] issuant from [[Chief (heraldry)|chief]] [[argent]]"'' ({{langx|no|På raud grunn ein kvit navar-spiss som vender nedover}}). This means the arms have a red [[field (heraldry)|field]] (background) and the [[charge (heraldry)|charge]] is a local type of [[Auger (drill)|auger]] which is used in [[carpentry]]. The auger has a [[tincture (heraldry)|tincture]] of [[argent]] which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. This design was chosen because in the 1850s, auger manufacturing started in the municipality, and the local drills were considered to be high quality. The design was meant to symbolize and emphasize the local traditions to be proud of and skills to be keep alive. The arms were designed by Inge Rotevatn. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen |url=https://www.heraldry-wiki.com/heraldrywiki/index.php?title=Meland |access-date=2023-06-25 |publisher=Heraldry of the World}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Meland, Hordaland |url=https://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/no-12-56.html |access-date=2023-06-25 |website=Flags of the World}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=1987-05-15 |title=Godkjenning av våpen og flagg |url=https://lovdata.no/dokument/LF/forskrift/1987-05-15-433 |access-date=2023-06-25 |website=Lovdata.no |publisher=Norges kommunal- og arbeidsdepartementet |language=no}}</ref>


===Churches===
===Churches===
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==Geography==
==Geography==
Meland consisted of a number of islands. The largest was [[Holsnøy]], which has an area of {{convert|89|km2}}, out of a total area of {{convert|93|km2}} for the entire municipality. Holsnøy is located between the island of [[Radøy (island)|Radøy]] and the [[Lindås]] peninsula to its north, the [[Åsane]] peninsula in Bergen to its east, the island of [[Askøy (island)|Askøy]] to its south, and the archipelago of [[Øygarden]] to its west. It is surrounded by fjords, namely (clockwise from north) [[Mangerfjorden]], [[Radfjorden]], [[Salhusfjorden]], [[Herdlefjorden]], and [[Hjeltefjorden]]. The second largest island in the municipality is [[Flatøy]], located west of Holsnøy. The municipality also encompasses a number of minor islands.<ref name=bbl1/>
Meland consisted of a number of islands. The largest was [[Holsnøy]], which has an area of {{convert|89|km2}}, out of a total area of {{convert|93|km2}} for the entire municipality. Holsnøy was located between the island of [[Radøy (island)|Radøy]] and the [[Lindås]] peninsula to its north, the [[Åsane]] peninsula in Bergen to its east, the island of [[Askøy (island)|Askøy]] to its south, and the archipelago of [[Øygarden]] to its west. It was surrounded by fjords, namely (clockwise from north) [[Mangerfjorden]], [[Radfjorden]], [[Salhusfjorden]], [[Herdlefjorden]], and [[Hjeltefjorden]]. The second largest island in the municipality was [[Flatøy]], located west of Holsnøy. The municipality also encompassed a number of minor islands.<ref name="bbl1" />


The [[administrative centre]] of the municipality is the village of [[Frekhaug]], which is its largest settlement. Frekhaug is located in the south-eastern part of Holsnøy, and its [[urban area]] had a population of 1649 as of 2012. An additional two urban areas are located in the municipality: [[Krossneset]] on Flatøy (population 468) and [[Holme, Hordaland|Holme]] (population 663).<ref name="ssb">{{Cite web |title=Urban settlements. Population and area, by municipality. |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/english/kortnavn/beftett_en/tab-2012-09-06-01-en.html |last=Statistisk sentralbyrå |authorlink=Statistics Norway |date=1 January 2012}}</ref>
The [[administrative centre]] of the municipality was the village of [[Frekhaug]], which was also its largest settlement. Frekhaug was located in the south-eastern part of Holsnøy, and its [[urban area]] had a population of 1649 as of 2012. An additional two urban areas were located in the municipality: [[Krossneset]] on Flatøy (population 468) and [[Holme, Hordaland|Holme]] (population 663).<ref name="ssb">{{Cite web |last=Statistisk sentralbyrå |author-link=Statistics Norway |date=1 January 2012 |title=Urban settlements. Population and area, by municipality. |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/english/kortnavn/beftett_en/tab-2012-09-06-01-en.html}}</ref>


==Transport==
==Transport==
As an island municipality, the road network of Meland depended upon bridges to connect it to the mainland. The [[Nordhordland Bridge]], which spans the [[Salhusfjorden]] between Flatøy and Klauvaneset in Bergen, connects Meland to the mainland. The bridge is the main road northwards from Bergen, and is part of [[European route E39]]. The [[Krossnessundet Bridge]], which is part of [[Norwegian County Road|Fv]] 564, connects Flatøy to Holsnøy, the largest island of the municipality. The Krossnessundet Bridge opened in 1977,<ref name="snl94_1">{{Cite book |last=Kortner |first=Olaf |title=Aschehoug og Gyldendals store norske leksikon |last2=Munthe, Preben |last3=Tveterås, Egil |publisher=Aschehoug, Gyldendal |year=1994 |isbn=82-573-0583-9 |volume=K-Lat |pages=529 |language=Norwegian}}</ref> while the Nordhordland Bridge dates from 1994.<ref name="structurae1">{{Cite web |title=Structurae [en]: Nordhordland Bridge (1994) |url=http://en.structurae.de/structures/data/index.cfm?ID=s0004000 |website=[[Structurae]] |access-date=2009-11-15}}</ref> The [[Hagelsund Bridge]] connects the island of Flatøy to [[Knarvik]] on the Lindås peninsula to the east.
As an island municipality, the road network of Meland depended upon bridges to connect it to the mainland. The [[Nordhordland Bridge]], which spans the [[Salhusfjorden]] between Flatøy and Klauvaneset in Bergen, connected Meland to the mainland. The bridge is the main road northwards from Bergen, and is part of [[European route E39]]. The [[Krossnessundet Bridge]], which is part of [[Norwegian County Road|Fv]] 564, connects Flatøy to Holsnøy, the largest island of the municipality. The Krossnessundet Bridge opened in 1977,<ref name="snl94_1">{{Cite book |last1=Kortner |first1=Olaf |title=Aschehoug og Gyldendals store norske leksikon |last2=Munthe, Preben |last3=Tveterås, Egil |publisher=Aschehoug, Gyldendal |year=1994 |isbn=82-573-0583-9 |volume=K-Lat |pages=529 |language=no}}</ref> while the Nordhordland Bridge dates from 1994.<ref name="structurae1">{{Cite web |title=Structurae [en]: Nordhordland Bridge (1994) |url=http://en.structurae.de/structures/data/index.cfm?ID=s0004000 |access-date=2009-11-15 |website=[[Structurae]]}}</ref> The [[Hagelsund Bridge]] connects the island of Flatøy to [[Knarvik]] on the Lindås peninsula to the east.


==History==
==History==
⚫
Meland had several traces of early settlement, including remnants of stone houses, [[terraced walls]], and farms. ''Holmeknappen'' (from the 18th century) was restored in 1992, and it includes equipment for barrel production and [[Salting (food)|salting]] [[herring]]. [[Meland (village)|Meland]] has been a church site since the mid-13th century. The [[stave church]] on this site was in use until 1616 when a new wooden church was built on the same site. That church was demolished in 1816 and the new (present) [[Meland Church]] was erected in 1816.<ref name="snl">{{Cite web |last=Store norske leksikon |author-link=Store norske leksikon |title=Meland |url=http://snl.no/Meland |access-date=2014-04-20 |language=no}}</ref>

==Population==
{{Historical populations
{{Historical populations
|align = none
|footnote = '''''Source''': [http://www.ssb.no/english/subjects/02/02/folkendrhist_en/tables/tab/1256.html Statistics Norway].
|direction = horizontal
|shading = off
|percentages = pagr
|footnote = Note: The municipal borders were changed in 1964, causing a significant change in the population.
|source = [[Statistics Norway]]<ref name="ssb hist pop">{{Cite web |last=Statistisk sentralbyrå |author-link=Statistics Norway |title=Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M) |url=https://www.ssb.no/en/statbank/table/06913/ |language=Norwegian}}</ref><ref name="FM">{{Cite web |last=Statistisk sentralbyrå |author-link=Statistics Norway |title=Folketelling 1960 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/folketellinger/kommunehefter/1960/kh_1960_1256.pdf |language=Norwegian }}</ref> and Norwegian Historical Data Centre<ref name="NHDC">{{Cite web |last=Universitetet i Tromsø – Norges arktiske universitet |author-link=University of Tromsø |title=Censuses in the Norwegian Historical Data Archive (NHDC) |url=https://rhd.uit.no/folketellinger/reg_komm_e.html}}</ref>
|1923|1716
|1930|1768
|1946|1876
|1951|1930
|1951|1930
|1960|1721
|1960|1721
Line 86: Line 95:
|1990|4534
|1990|4534
|2000|5353
|2000|5353
|2010|6613
|2010|6631
|2019|8187
|2017|8021
}}
}}
⚫
Meland had several traces of early settlement, including remnants of stone houses, terraced walls, and farms. ''Holmeknappen'' (from the 18th century) was restored in 1992, and it includes equipment for barrel production and [[Salting (food)|salting]] [[herring]]. [[Meland (village)|Meland]] has been a church site since the mid-13th century. The [[stave church]] on this site was in use until 1616 when a new wooden church was built on the same site. That church was demolished in 1816 and the new (present) [[Meland Church]] was erected in 1816.<ref name="snl">{{Cite web |title=Meland |url=http://snl.no/Meland |last=Store norske leksikon |authorlink=Store norske leksikon |language=Norwegian |access-date=2014-04-20}}</ref>


==Government==
==Government==
All municipalities in Norway, including Meland, are responsible for [[primary education]] (through 10th grade), outpatient [[Health care|health services]], [[old age|senior citizen]] services, [[unemployment]] and other [[Social work|social services]], [[zoning]], [[economic development]], and municipal [[road]]s. The municipality is governed by a [[Municipal council (Norway)|municipal council]] of elected representatives, which in turn elect a [[mayor]].<ref name="ks">{{Cite encyclopedia |title=kommunestyre |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |publisher=[[Kunnskapsforlaget]] |url=https://snl.no/kommunestyre |accessdate=2019-04-06 |date=2016-05-12 |editor-last=Hansen |editor-first=Tore |language=Norwegian}}</ref> The municipality falls under the [[Bergen District Court]] and the [[Gulating Court of Appeal]].
While it existed, this municipality was responsible for [[primary education]] (through 10th grade), outpatient [[Health care|health services]], [[old age|senior citizen]] services, [[unemployment]], [[Social work|social services]], [[zoning]], [[economic development]], and municipal [[road]]s. During its existence, this municipality was governed by a [[Municipal council (Norway)|municipal council]] of [[Direct election|directly elected]] representatives. The [[mayor]] was [[Indirect election|indirectly elected]] by a vote of the municipal council.<ref name="ks">{{Cite encyclopedia |title=kommunestyre |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |publisher=[[Kunnskapsforlaget]] |url=https://snl.no/kommunestyre |access-date=2023-01-01 |date=2022-09-20 |editor-last=Hansen |editor-first=Tore |language=no |editor2-last=Vabo |editor2-first=Signy Irene}}</ref> The municipality was under the jurisdiction of the [[Bergen District Court]] and the [[Gulating Court of Appeal]].


===Municipal council===
===Municipal council===
The [[Municipal council (Norway)|municipal council]] {{lang|no|(Kommunestyre)}} of Meland was made up of 27 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The [[Political party|party]] breakdown of the final municipal council was as follows:
The [[Municipal council (Norway)|municipal council]] {{lang|no|(Kommunestyre)}} of Meland was made up of 27 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The [[Political party|party]] breakdown of the final municipal council was as follows:
{{div col|colwidth=40em}}
{{div col}}
{{Kommunestyre table
{{Kommunestyre table
|name = Meland
|name = Meland
|start = 2016
|start = 2016
|end = 2019
|end = 2019
|reference = <ref name="ssb valg">{{Cite web |title=Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M) |url=https://www.ssb.no/en/statbank/table/04813/ |publisher=Statistics Norway |language=Norwegian}}</ref>
|reference = <ref name="ssb valg">{{Cite web |title=Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M) |url=https://www.ssb.no/en/statbank/table/04813/ |publisher=Statistics Norway |language=no}}</ref>
|Total = 27
|Total = 27
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 119: Line 127:
|start = 2012
|start = 2012
|end = 2015
|end = 2015
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2011 - Hordaland |url=https://valgresultat.no/hordaland/meland?type=ko&year=2011 |publisher=Valg Direktoratet |access-date=2020-02-02}}</ref>
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2011 - Hordaland |url=https://valgresultat.no/hordaland/meland?type=ko&year=2011 |access-date=2020-02-02 |publisher=Valg Direktoratet}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|collapsed = yes
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 149: Line 157:
|smallparty_no = Fellesliste: Raudt, Sosialistisk Venstre, og Sosialdemokratar i Meland
|smallparty_no = Fellesliste: Raudt, Sosialistisk Venstre, og Sosialdemokratar i Meland
|smallparty_number = 2
|smallparty_number = 2
|smallparty_color = linear-gradient(135deg, #CC0011 35%, #AA0011 35%, #AA0011 65%, #FFFFFF 65%);
|smallparty_color = linear-gradient(135deg, {{Party color|Red Party (Norway)}} 35%, {{Party color|Socialist Left Party (Norway)}} 35%, {{Party color|Socialist Left Party (Norway)}} 65%, #FFFFFF 65%);
|}}
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
{{Kommunestyre table
Line 168: Line 176:
|smallparty_no = Fellesliste: Raudt, Sosialistisk Venstre, og Sosialdemokratar i Meland
|smallparty_no = Fellesliste: Raudt, Sosialistisk Venstre, og Sosialdemokratar i Meland
|smallparty_number = 3
|smallparty_number = 3
|smallparty_color = linear-gradient(135deg, #CC0011 35%, #AA0011 35%, #AA0011 65%, #FFFFFF 65%);
|smallparty_color = linear-gradient(135deg, {{Party color|Red Party (Norway)}} 35%, {{Party color|Socialist Left Party (Norway)}} 35%, {{Party color|Socialist Left Party (Norway)}} 65%, #FFFFFF 65%);
|}}
|}}
{{Kommunestyre table
{{Kommunestyre table
Line 190: Line 198:
|start = 1996
|start = 1996
|end = 1999
|end = 1999
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kommunestyrevalget 1995 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_c342.pdf |date=1996 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |location=Oslo-Kongsvinger |language=Norwegian |access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref>
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1996 |title=Kommunestyrevalget 1995 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_c342.pdf |access-date=2020-05-14 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo-Kongsvinger}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|collapsed = yes
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 206: Line 214:
|start = 1992
|start = 1992
|end = 1995
|end = 1995
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kommunestyrevalget 1991 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_c057.pdf |date=1993 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |location=Oslo-Kongsvinger |language=Norwegian |access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref>
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1993 |title=Kommunestyrevalget 1991 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_c057.pdf |access-date=2020-05-14 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo-Kongsvinger}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|collapsed = yes
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 221: Line 229:
|start = 1988
|start = 1988
|end = 1991
|end = 1991
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kommunestyrevalget 1987 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_b765.pdf |date=1988 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |location=Oslo-Kongsvinger |language=Norwegian |access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref>
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1988 |title=Kommunestyrevalget 1987 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_b765.pdf |access-date=2020-05-14 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo-Kongsvinger}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|collapsed = yes
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 236: Line 244:
|start = 1984
|start = 1984
|end = 1987
|end = 1987
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kommunestyrevalget 1983 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_b450.pdf |date=1984 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |location=Oslo-Kongsvinger |language=Norwegian |access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref>
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1984 |title=Kommunestyrevalget 1983 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_b450.pdf |access-date=2020-05-14 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo-Kongsvinger}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|collapsed = yes
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 252: Line 260:
|start = 1980
|start = 1980
|end = 1983
|end = 1983
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kommunestyrevalget 1979 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_b093.pdf |date=1979 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |location=Oslo |language=Norwegian |access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref>
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1979 |title=Kommunestyrevalget 1979 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_b093.pdf |access-date=2020-05-14 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|collapsed = yes
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 268: Line 276:
|start = 1976
|start = 1976
|end = 1979
|end = 1979
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kommunevalgene 1975 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_a769.pdf |date=1977 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |location=Oslo |language=Norwegian |access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref>
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1977 |title=Kommunevalgene 1975 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_a769.pdf |access-date=2020-05-14 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|collapsed = yes
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 283: Line 291:
|start = 1972
|start = 1972
|end = 1975
|end = 1975
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kommunevalgene 1972 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_a457.pdf |date=1973 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |location=Oslo |language=Norwegian |access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref>
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1973 |title=Kommunevalgene 1972 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_a457.pdf |access-date=2020-05-14 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|collapsed = yes
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 298: Line 306:
|start = 1968
|start = 1968
|end = 1971
|end = 1971
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kommunevalgene 1967 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_a214.pdf |date=1967 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |location=Oslo |language=Norwegian |access-date=2020-05-14 |volume=I}}</ref>
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1967 |title=Kommunevalgene 1967 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_a214.pdf |access-date=2020-05-14 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo |volume=I}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|collapsed = yes
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 312: Line 320:
|start = 1964
|start = 1964
|end = 1967
|end = 1967
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kommunevalgene 1963 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xii_138.pdf |date=1964 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |location=Oslo |language=Norwegian |access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref>
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1964 |title=Kommunevalgene 1963 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xii_138.pdf |access-date=2020-05-14 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|collapsed = yes
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 325: Line 333:
|start = 1960
|start = 1960
|end = 1963
|end = 1963
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xii_022.pdf |date=1960 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |location=Oslo |language=Norwegian |access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref>
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1960 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xii_022.pdf |access-date=2020-05-14 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|collapsed = yes
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 336: Line 344:
|start = 1956
|start = 1956
|end = 1959
|end = 1959
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xi_252.pdf |date=1957 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |location=Oslo |language=Norwegian |access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref>
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1957 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xi_252.pdf |access-date=2020-05-14 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|collapsed = yes
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 347: Line 355:
|start = 1952
|start = 1952
|end = 1955
|end = 1955
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xi_120.pdf |date=1952 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |location=Oslo |language=Norwegian |access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref>
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1952 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_xi_120.pdf |access-date=2020-05-14 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|collapsed = yes
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 358: Line 366:
|start = 1948
|start = 1948
|end = 1951
|end = 1951
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_x_165.pdf |date=1948 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |location=Oslo |language=Norwegian |access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref>
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1948 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_x_165.pdf |access-date=2020-05-14 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|collapsed = yes
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 370: Line 378:
|start = 1945
|start = 1945
|end = 1947
|end = 1947
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_x_133.pdf |date=1947 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |location=Oslo |language=Norwegian |access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref>
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1947 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_x_133.pdf |access-date=2020-05-14 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|collapsed = yes
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 382: Line 390:
|start = 1938
|start = 1938
|end = 1941*
|end = 1941*
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_ix_133.pdf |date=1938 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |location=Oslo |language=Norwegian |access-date=2020-05-14}}</ref>
|reference = <ref>{{Cite web |date=1938 |title=Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937 |url=https://www.ssb.no/a/histstat/nos/nos_ix_133.pdf |access-date=2020-05-14 |publisher=Statistisk sentralbyrå |language=no |location=Oslo}}</ref>
|collapsed = yes
|collapsed = yes
|nynorsk = yes
|nynorsk = yes
Line 390: Line 398:
|}}
|}}
{{div col end}}
{{div col end}}

===Mayors===
The [[Mayor#Scandinavia|mayors]] ({{langx|nn|ordførar}}) of Meland:<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-05-15 |title=Tidlegare ordførarar i Meland |url=http://www.meland.kommune.no/tidlegare-ordfoerarar.322370.nn.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005141034/http://www.meland.kommune.no/tidlegare-ordfoerarar.322370.nn.html |archive-date=2016-10-05 |access-date=2023-06-20 |website=NRK Fylkesleksikon |language=no}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*1923–1931: Andreas Hagen ([[Bygdeliste|LL]])
*1932–1938: Lars G. Hopland ([[Bygdeliste|LL]])
*1938–1945: Nils Hvidsten ([[Bygdeliste|LL]])
*1946–1968: Olav Åmdal ([[Bygdeliste|LL]])
*1968–1979: Johannes H. Fosse ([[Christian Democratic Party (Norway)|KrF]])
*1980–1991: Harry Wiig Andersen ([[Centre Party (Norway)|Sp]])
*1992–1999: Arne I. Sakstad ([[Labour Party (Norway)|Ap]])
*1999–2007: Solbjørg Å. Sandvik ([[Conservative Party (Norway)|H]])
*2007–2015: Nils Marton Aadland ([[Conservative Party (Norway)|H]])
*2015–2019: Øyvind Helland Oddekalv ([[Labour Party (Norway)|Ap]])
{{div col end}}

== Notable people ==
{{See also|Alver_(municipality)#Notable_people}}


==See also==
==See also==
⚫
{{commons category}}
*[[List of former municipalities of Norway]]
*[[List of former municipalities of Norway]]


Line 397: Line 424:
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


⚫
{{Vestland}}
==External links==
⚫
{{commons category|Meland}}
*[http://ssb.no/kommunefakta/meland Municipal fact sheet] from [[Statistics Norway]] {{in lang|no}}

⚫
{{Vestland|former}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
{{use dmy dates|date=June 2023}}


[[Category:Meland| ]]
[[Category:Meland| ]]

Latest revision as of 13:21, 29 October 2024

This article is about the former municipality in Nordhordland, Norway. For the village in Meland, Norway, see Meland (village).
Meland Municipality
Meland kommune
Former municipality
Mæland herred  (historic name)
View of the mountain Eldsfjellet in northern Meland
View of the mountain Eldsfjellet in northern Meland
Flag of Meland Municipality
Flag
Coat of arms of Meland Municipality
Coat of arms
Hordaland within Norway
Hordaland within Norway
Meland within Hordaland
Meland within Hordaland
Coordinates: 60°33′51″N 05°07′07″E / 60.56417°N 5.11861°E / 60.56417; 5.11861
CountryNorway
CountyHordaland
DistrictNordhordland
Established15 Oct 1923
 • Preceded byAlversund Municipality
Disestablished1 Jan 2020
 • Succeeded byAlver Municipality
Administrative centreFrekhaug
Government
 • Mayor (2015-2019)Øyvind Helland Oddekalv (Ap)
Area
 (upon dissolution)
 • Land87.53 km2 (33.80 sq mi)
 • Water5.05 km2 (1.95 sq mi)  5.5%
 • Rank#386 in Norway
Population
 (2017)
 • Total
8,021
 • Rank#135 in Norway
 • Density91.6/km2 (237/sq mi)
 • Change (10 years)
Increase +33.3%
DemonymMelandsbu[1]
Official language
[2]
 • Norwegian formNynorsk
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 codeNO-1256[3]
Data from Statistics Norway

Meland is a former municipality in the Nordhordland district in the old Hordaland county, Norway. The municipality existed from 1923 until its dissolution on 1 January 2020 when it was merged into the new Alver Municipality in Vestland county. The municipality was located about 30 minutes north of the city of Bergen in Western Norway. The island municipality was mostly located on the island of Holsnøy, where the administrative centre of Frekhaug is located. Other villages in Meland include Hjartås, Holme, Io, Krossneset, Meland, and Rossland.

Prior to its dissolution in 2020, the 93-square-kilometre (36 sq mi) municipality is the 386th largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Meland is the 135th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 8,021. The municipality's population density is 91.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (237/sq mi) and its population has increased by 33.3% over the last decade.[4]

General information

[edit]
Satellite view of the island of Holsnøy
View of a wedding boat at Holsnøy
View of Krossnessund Bridge (back) and Nordhordland Bridge (front)
View of the local church

On 15 October 1923, the western part of the municipality of Alversund was separated to create the new municipality of Meland. Initially, Meland had a population of 1,716. Meland was one of many municipalities in Norway that were created for geographical reasons: Meland was separated from the rest of Alversund by the Radfjorden, and transportation between the different parts of the municipality was unreliable and time-consuming. The creation of the municipality was approved in 1922, and the first election for the municipal council was held 23 August 1923, with the municipality becoming official on 15 October 1923. Meland encompassed the southern two-thirds of the island of Holsnøy (the northern third belonged to Herdla municipality), a small area on the northeast coast of the island of Askøy, as well as some very small surrounding islands.[5][6]

In 1962, the Schei Committee concluded its survey of the organization of Norway's municipalities. The committee recommended enlarging Meland municipality by transferring the northern part of Holsnøy and the minor island of Øpsøy (population: 811) from Herdla municipality to Meland and at the same time the island of Flatøy (population: 166) was transferred from Hamre municipality to Meland. Simultaneously, Meland would lose the parts of the municipality located on the island of Askøy and that area would go to Askøy Municipality. Hordaland county approved the move, and the border changes came into effect on 1 January 1964.[6] A proposal to change the name of Meland municipality to "Holsenøy" was rejected.[7] Hamre and Herdla municipalities ceased to exist, and their territory was divided between the municipalities of Lindås, Osterøy, and Meland, and Askøy, Øygarden, and Meland, respectively.[8][9]

On 1 January 2020, the neighboring municipalities of Meland, Radøy, and Lindås were merged into a large, new municipality called Alver.[10]

Name

[edit]

The municipality (originally the parish) is named after the old Meland farm (Old Norse: Meðalland) in the south-central part of the island of Holsnøy. The first element is meðal which means "middle" or "amongst". The last element is land which means "land" or "farm". Therefore the name as a whole roughly means "the farm that is located in the middle (of the island)". Historically, the name was spelled Mæland.[11][12][13]

Coat of arms

[edit]

The coat of arms was granted on 15 May 1987 and it was in use until 1 January 2020 when the municipality was dissolved. The official blazon is "Gules, an auger palewise issuant from chief argent" (Norwegian: På raud grunn ein kvit navar-spiss som vender nedover). This means the arms have a red field (background) and the charge is a local type of auger which is used in carpentry. The auger has a tincture of argent which means it is commonly colored white, but if it is made out of metal, then silver is used. This design was chosen because in the 1850s, auger manufacturing started in the municipality, and the local drills were considered to be high quality. The design was meant to symbolize and emphasize the local traditions to be proud of and skills to be keep alive. The arms were designed by Inge Rotevatn. The municipal flag has the same design as the coat of arms.[14][15][16]

Churches

[edit]

The Church of Norway had one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Meland. It is part of the Nordhordland prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin.

Churches in Meland
Parish (sokn) Church name Location of the church Year built
Meland Meland Church Meland 1866

Geography

[edit]

Meland consisted of a number of islands. The largest was Holsnøy, which has an area of 89 square kilometres (34 sq mi), out of a total area of 93 square kilometres (36 sq mi) for the entire municipality. Holsnøy was located between the island of Radøy and the Lindås peninsula to its north, the Åsane peninsula in Bergen to its east, the island of Askøy to its south, and the archipelago of Øygarden to its west. It was surrounded by fjords, namely (clockwise from north) Mangerfjorden, Radfjorden, Salhusfjorden, Herdlefjorden, and Hjeltefjorden. The second largest island in the municipality was Flatøy, located west of Holsnøy. The municipality also encompassed a number of minor islands.[12]

The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Frekhaug, which was also its largest settlement. Frekhaug was located in the south-eastern part of Holsnøy, and its urban area had a population of 1649 as of 2012. An additional two urban areas were located in the municipality: Krossneset on Flatøy (population 468) and Holme (population 663).[17]

Transport

[edit]

As an island municipality, the road network of Meland depended upon bridges to connect it to the mainland. The Nordhordland Bridge, which spans the Salhusfjorden between Flatøy and Klauvaneset in Bergen, connected Meland to the mainland. The bridge is the main road northwards from Bergen, and is part of European route E39. The Krossnessundet Bridge, which is part of Fv 564, connects Flatøy to Holsnøy, the largest island of the municipality. The Krossnessundet Bridge opened in 1977,[18] while the Nordhordland Bridge dates from 1994.[19] The Hagelsund Bridge connects the island of Flatøy to Knarvik on the Lindås peninsula to the east.

History

[edit]

Meland had several traces of early settlement, including remnants of stone houses, terraced walls, and farms. Holmeknappen (from the 18th century) was restored in 1992, and it includes equipment for barrel production and salting herring. Meland has been a church site since the mid-13th century. The stave church on this site was in use until 1616 when a new wooden church was built on the same site. That church was demolished in 1816 and the new (present) Meland Church was erected in 1816.[20]

Population

[edit]
Historical population
Year19231930194619511960197019801990200020102019
Pop.1,7161,7681,8761,9301,7212,6943,5084,5345,3536,6318,187
±% p.a.—    +0.43%+0.37%+0.57%−1.27%+4.58%+2.68%+2.60%+1.67%+2.16%+2.37%
Note: The municipal borders were changed in 1964, causing a significant change in the population.
Source: Statistics Norway[21][22] and Norwegian Historical Data Centre[23]

Government

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While it existed, this municipality was responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment, social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. During its existence, this municipality was governed by a municipal council of directly elected representatives. The mayor was indirectly elected by a vote of the municipal council.[24] The municipality was under the jurisdiction of the Bergen District Court and the Gulating Court of Appeal.

Municipal council

[edit]

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Meland was made up of 27 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The party breakdown of the final municipal council was as follows:

Meland kommunestyre 2016–2019 [25]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 7
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) 4
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet Dei Grøne) 2
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
 The People's Will Local List (Bygdelista Folkeviljen)1
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 2012–2015 [26]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 5
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) 4
  Green Party (Miljøpartiet Dei Grøne) 1
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 6
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 4
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
  Joint list of the Red Party (Raudt) and the Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 2
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 2008–2011 [25]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 4
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) 5
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 3
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
  Joint list of the Red Party, Socialist Left Party,
and Social Democrats in Meland
(Fellesliste: Raudt, Sosialistisk Venstre, og Sosialdemokratar i Meland)		 2
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 2004–2007 [25]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 6
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) 4
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 6
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 4
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 2
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
  Joint list of the Red Party, Socialist Left Party,
and Social Democrats in Meland
(Fellesliste: Raudt, Sosialistisk Venstre, og Sosialdemokratar i Meland)		 3
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 2000–2003 [25]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 7
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 6
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 5
  Red Electoral Alliance (Raud Valallianse) 1
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 3
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 1996–1999 [27]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 8
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) 1
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 5
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 1992–1995 [28]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 8
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) 1
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 4
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 6
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 5
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 1988–1991 [29]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 8
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) 2
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 5
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 5
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 2
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 1984–1987 [30]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 7
  Progress Party (Framstegspartiet) 1
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 6
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 6
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 1980–1983 [31]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 5
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 6
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 5
  Liberal People's Party (Liberale Folkepartiet) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
  Socialist Left Party (Sosialistisk Venstreparti) 1
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
Total number of members:27
Meland kommunestyre 1976–1979 [32]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 4
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 5
  New People's Party (Nye Folkepartiet) 2
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 1
Total number of members:21
Meland kommunestyre 1972–1975 [33]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 4
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 2
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 5
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 5
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 2
Total number of members:21
Meland kommunestyre 1968–1971 [34]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 4
  Conservative Party (Høgre) 1
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 6
  Centre Party (Senterpartiet) 7
  Liberal Party (Venstre) 3
Total number of members:21
Meland kommunestyre 1964–1967 [35]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 3
  Christian Democratic Party (Kristeleg Folkeparti) 5
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 13
Total number of members:21
Meland heradsstyre 1960–1963 [36]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 17
Total number of members:17
Meland heradsstyre 1956–1959 [37]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 17
Total number of members:17
Meland heradsstyre 1952–1955 [38]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 16
Total number of members:16
Meland heradsstyre 1948–1951 [39]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 1
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 15
Total number of members:16
Meland heradsstyre 1945–1947 [40]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 14
Total number of members:16
Mæland heradsstyre 1938–1941* [41]  
Party name (in Nynorsk) Number of
representatives
  Labour Party (Arbeidarpartiet) 2
  Local List(s) (Lokale lister) 14
Total number of members:16
Note: Due to the German occupation of Norway during World War II, no elections were held for new municipal councils until after the war ended in 1945.

Mayors

[edit]

The mayors (Nynorsk: ordførar) of Meland:[42]

  • 1923–1931: Andreas Hagen (LL)
  • 1932–1938: Lars G. Hopland (LL)
  • 1938–1945: Nils Hvidsten (LL)
  • 1946–1968: Olav Åmdal (LL)
  • 1968–1979: Johannes H. Fosse (KrF)
  • 1980–1991: Harry Wiig Andersen (Sp)
  • 1992–1999: Arne I. Sakstad (Ap)
  • 1999–2007: Solbjørg Å. Sandvik (H)
  • 2007–2015: Nils Marton Aadland (H)
  • 2015–2019: Øyvind Helland Oddekalv (Ap)

Notable people

[edit]
See also: Alver_(municipality) § Notable_people

See also

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Meland (former municipality).

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Navn på steder og personer: Innbyggjarnamn" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet.
  2. ^ "Forskrift om målvedtak i kommunar og fylkeskommunar" (in Norwegian). Lovdata.no.
  3. ^ Bolstad, Erik; Thorsnæs, Geir, eds. (26 January 2023). "Kommunenummer". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget.
  4. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå (2017). "Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  5. ^ Flatøy, Olav (1973). Meland kommune gjennom 50 år : 1923-1973 (in Norwegian). Meland: Meland kommune. pp. 23–26. ISBN 82-990268-0-6.
  6. ^ a b Jukvam, Dag (1999). Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå. ISBN 9788253746845.
  7. ^ Flatøy, Olav (1973). Meland kommune gjennom 50 år : 1923-1973 (in Norwegian). Meland: Meland kommune. pp. 60–61. ISBN 82-990268-0-6.
  8. ^ Flatøy, Olav (1973). Meland kommune gjennom 50 år : 1923-1973 (in Norwegian). Meland: Meland kommune. pp. 15–17. ISBN 82-990268-0-6.
  9. ^ Jukvam, Dag (1999). "Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå.
  10. ^ "Ein kommune" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  11. ^ Stemshaug, Ola; Sandnes, Jørn; Aune, Kolbjørn (1990). Norsk stadnamnleksikon (in Norwegian) (3 ed.). Oslo: Det Norske Samlaget. p. 218. ISBN 82-521-3477-7.
  12. ^ a b Hartvedt, Gunnar Hagen (1994). "Meland". Bergen Byleksikon (in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget. p. 35. ISBN 82-573-0485-9.
  13. ^ Rygh, Oluf (1910). Norske gaardnavne: Søndre Bergenhus amt (in Norwegian) (11 ed.). Kristiania, Norge: W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri. pp. 365 and 67.
  14. ^ "Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen". Heraldry of the World. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  15. ^ "Meland, Hordaland". Flags of the World. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  16. ^ "Godkjenning av våpen og flagg". Lovdata.no (in Norwegian). Norges kommunal- og arbeidsdepartementet. 15 May 1987. Retrieved 25 June 2023.
  17. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå (1 January 2012). "Urban settlements. Population and area, by municipality".
  18. ^ Kortner, Olaf; Munthe, Preben; Tveterås, Egil (1994). Aschehoug og Gyldendals store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Vol. K–Lat. Aschehoug, Gyldendal. p. 529. ISBN 82-573-0583-9.
  19. ^ "Structurae [en]: Nordhordland Bridge (1994)". Structurae. Retrieved 15 November 2009.
  20. ^ Store norske leksikon. "Meland" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 20 April 2014.
  21. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå. "Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian).
  22. ^ Statistisk sentralbyrå. "Folketelling 1960" (PDF) (in Norwegian).
  23. ^ Universitetet i Tromsø – Norges arktiske universitet. "Censuses in the Norwegian Historical Data Archive (NHDC)".
  24. ^ Hansen, Tore; Vabo, Signy Irene, eds. (20 September 2022). "kommunestyre". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
  25. ^ a b c d "Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway.
  26. ^ "Tall for Norge: Kommunestyrevalg 2011 - Hordaland". Valg Direktoratet. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
  27. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1995" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1996. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  28. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1991" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1993. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  29. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1987" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1988. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  30. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1983" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo-Kongsvinger: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1984. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  31. ^ "Kommunestyrevalget 1979" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1979. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  32. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1975" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1977. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  33. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1972" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1973. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  34. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1967" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1967. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  35. ^ "Kommunevalgene 1963" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1964. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  36. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1959" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1960. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  37. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1955" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1957. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  38. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1951" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1952. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  39. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1947" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1948. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  40. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1945" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1947. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  41. ^ "Kommunevalgene og Ordførervalgene 1937" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Oslo: Statistisk sentralbyrå. 1938. Retrieved 14 May 2020.
  42. ^ "Tidlegare ordførarar i Meland". NRK Fylkesleksikon (in Norwegian). 15 May 2014. Archived from the original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved 20 June 2023.

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