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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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|name =Şahtaxtı |
| name = Şahtaxtı |
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|settlement_type=Municipality |
| settlement_type = Municipality |
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|native_name = |
| native_name = |
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|pushpin_map = Azerbaijan |
| pushpin_map = Azerbaijan |
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|pushpin_mapsize = 300 |
| pushpin_mapsize = 300 |
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|subdivision_type = Country |
| subdivision_type = Country |
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|subdivision_name |
| subdivision_name = [[Azerbaijan]] |
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|subdivision_type1 = [[Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan|Autonomous republic]] |
| subdivision_type1 = [[Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan|Autonomous republic]] |
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|subdivision_name1 = [[Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic|Nakhchivan]] |
| subdivision_name1 = [[Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic|Nakhchivan]] |
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|subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan|District]] |
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of Azerbaijan|District]] |
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|subdivision_name2 = [[Kangarli District|Kangarli]] |
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kangarli District|Kangarli]] |
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|leader_title = |
| leader_title = |
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|leader_name = |
| leader_name = |
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|established_title = |
| established_title = |
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|established_date = |
| established_date = |
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|area_total_km2 = |
| area_total_km2 = |
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|area_footnotes = |
| area_footnotes = |
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|population_as_of = |
| population_as_of = |
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|population_total = 3100 |
| population_total = 3100 |
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|population_footnotes =(2005) |
| population_footnotes = (2005) |
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|population_density_km2 = |
| population_density_km2 = |
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|timezone =[[Azerbaijan Time|AZT]] |
| timezone = [[Azerbaijan Time|AZT]] |
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|utc_offset = +4 |
| utc_offset = +4 |
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|timezone_DST = |
| timezone_DST = |
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|utc_offset_DST = |
| utc_offset_DST = |
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|coordinates = {{coord|39|22|19|N|45|05|46|E|region:AZ|display=inline,title}} |
| coordinates = {{coord|39|22|19|N|45|05|46|E|region:AZ|display=inline,title}} |
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|elevation_m = |
| elevation_m = |
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|area_code = |
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|website = |
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'''Şahtaxtı''' is a village and municipality in the [[Kangarli District]] of [[Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic| |
'''Şahtaxtı''' is a village and municipality in the [[Kangarli District]] of [[Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic|Nakhchivan]], [[Azerbaijan]]. The village is located in the Sharur plain, 4.5 km south-west from the regional center. Its population engages in farming and animal husbandry. |
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There are secondary school, kindergarten, cultural house and a medical center in the village. It has a population of 3,100. The medieval monuments of ''Cinlidere'' are located in the south-west of the village; in the west, near the Givrag plateau, is the location of '' |
There are secondary school, kindergarten, cultural house and a medical center in the village. It has a population of 3,100. The medieval monuments of ''Cinlidere'' are located in the south-west of the village; in the west, near the Givrag plateau, is the location of ''Shahbaghy''.<ref name="ANAS">{{cite book| last=ANAS| first=Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences| title= Nakhchivan Encyclopedia| publisher= ANAS| location=Baku| year=2005| volume=II| page=291| isbn=5-8066-1468-9}}</ref> South of the village lies the city of [[Poldasht]] in [[Iran]]. |
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==Etymology== |
==Etymology== |
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The name "Şahtaxtı" is the turkified name of the Persian "Shahtakht", which literally means "King's throne" (''Persian:'' "''Shah''" ''شاه + "Takht" تخت''), which itself is a Persian translation of the Armenian name "Tagavoranist" (''Armenian:'' "''Tagavor''" Թագավոր + ա + "''Nist''" նիստ).<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Ավետիսյան |first=Հայկ |title=ՆԱԽԻՋԵՎԱՆԻ ՊԱՏՄԱՄՇԱԿՈՒԹԱՅԻՆ ՆՇԱՆԱԿՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ԲՐՈՆԶԻ ԵՎ ԵՐԿԱԹԻ ԴԱՐԱՇՐՋԱՆՈՒՄ |last2=Գնունի |first2=Արտակ |last3=Բոբոխյան |first3=Արսեն |date=2020-03-30 |publisher=Երեվանի պետական համալսարան |pages=125–127 |language=Armenian}}</ref> The original name of the settlement was "Arkashat" (Արքաշատ), meaning "The joy of the King", and was mentioned by Strabo as "Arxata" (Ἄρξατα).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Strabo, Geography, BOOK XI., CHAPTER XIV. |url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0239:book=11:chapter=14 |access-date=2023-11-27 |website=www.perseus.tufts.edu}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> |
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The modern settlement was established as a result of the settlement of the Kengerli tribe of [[Turkic peoples]]. The area of the location of Alinja fortress was purportedly also called Şahtaxtı in the past. Azerbaijani researchers translate this place name as "smooth plain in the foothills of the mountain".<ref>''Encyclopedic dictionary of Azerbaijan toponyms''. In two volumes. Volume I. p. 304. Baku: "East-West". 2007. {{ISBN|978-9952-34-155-3}}.</ref> |
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==Ancient settlement== |
==Ancient settlement== |
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[[File:Сосуд-раскопки.jpg|thumb|Clay vessel from the village |
[[File:Сосуд-раскопки.jpg|thumb|Clay vessel from the village. Karmirberd culture, mid-II millennium BC|right]] |
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Nearby is the site of an ancient settlement of the Bronze and first Iron Age; it is located south-west from the village. According to findings, the earliest settlement in the area was founded in the third millennium BC.<ref name="ANAS" |
Nearby is the site of an ancient settlement of the Bronze and first Iron Age; it is located south-west from the village. According to findings, the earliest settlement in the area was founded in the third millennium BC.<ref name="ANAS"/> |
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Documents of the U.S. Department of State suggest a historically heavy Armenian presence in the area; the ancient city of |
Documents of the U.S. Department of State suggest a historically heavy Armenian presence in the area; the ancient city of Arshat-Arkashat ({{Langx|hy|Արշատ-Արքաշատ|translit=Aršat-Ark’ašat}}) had been founded in the third century BC and served as a residence of Armenian kings. Tombs and cuneiform of the Van kingdom, dated to the third to second centuries BC had been also discovered on its territory.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Nakhijevan of 1918-1920 in Papers of the U.S. Department of Stateand of the National Archives of Armenia|url=https://www.academia.edu/35932292|access-date=16 October 2021|website=[[Academia.edu]]}}</ref> |
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The area is about 2 hectares. As a result of wear and tear, the remains of the monuments and the destroyed stone buildings need to be monitored. The thickness of the cultural layer, which was defined |
The area is about 2 hectares. As a result of wear and tear, the remains of the monuments and the destroyed stone buildings need to be monitored. The thickness of the cultural layer, which was defined as the result of researches (1936 and 1979–90), is 3–4.5 m. The castle walls, built of large stones (2.2–2.6 m in width, 1,2-2,5 m in height) and remains of the residential buildings are very interesting. |
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During the 15-14th centuries BC, |
During the 15-14th centuries BC, Şahtaxtı became a type of fortress-city settlement, and has been the center of large tribal unions of Nakhchivan. The pottery, metalwork, jewellery etc. were highly developed in Şahtaxtı. A rich painted ceramics, cylindrical seals (15-14 centuries BC), and the exquisite decorative patterns found here show that the Şahtaxtı was in close contact with the ancient cultural centers of the Middle East. Pink, gray and black pottery, ornaments, stone tools and osteologic remains were found in the settlement. |
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== Demographics == |
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Pink, gray and black pottery, ornaments, stone tools and osteologic remains were found in the settlement. |
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According to the [[1897 census]], Şahtaxtı—mentioned as ''Shakhtakhty'' ({{Langx|ru|Шахтахты}})—had a population of 1,457 consisting of 1,427 [[Muslims]]. The village had 731 men and 726 women.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Troinitsky |first=N. A. |url=https://www.prlib.ru/item/428670 |title=Населенные места Российской империи в 500 и более жителей с указанием всего наличного в них населения и числа жителей преобладающих вероисповеданий, по данным первой всеобщей переписи населения 1897 г. |publisher=Tipografiya Obshchestvennaya polza |year=1905 |location=Saint Petersburg |pages=32 |language=ru |trans-title=Populated areas of the Russian Empire with 500 or more inhabitants, indicating the total population in them and the number of inhabitants of the predominant religions, according to the first general population census of 1897 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220810153601/https://www.prlib.ru/item/428670 |archive-date=10 August 2022}}</ref> |
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== Notable natives == |
== Notable natives == |
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* [[Hamid bey Shahtakhtinski]] |
* [[Hamid bey Shahtakhtinski]] – [[Ministry of Education (Azerbaijan)|Minister of Education and Religious Affairs]] of [[Azerbaijan Democratic Republic]]. |
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* |
* Behbud Agha Shakhtakhtinski – [[Ministry of Justice (Azerbaijan)|People's Commissar of Justice of Azerbaijan SSR]], Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Nakhichevan SSR (1922).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.knowbysight.info/ShSS/08890.asp|title=Шахтахтинский Бейбут Ага|publisher=Справочник по истории Коммунистической партии и Советского Союза 1898 - 1991}}</ref> |
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* |
* Huseyin Ibrahimov – writer, People's Writer of Azerbaijan (1998), Chairman of the Supreme Council of Nakhichevan ASSR (1963–71), Minister of Culture of the Nakhichevan ASSR (1970–76).{{Citation needed|date=October 2021}} |
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* [[Zarifa Aliyeva]] |
* [[Zarifa Aliyeva]] – ophthalmologist, academician of the [[Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences]], professor; daughter of the [[Ministry of Healthcare (Azerbaijan)|People's Commissar of Health of Azerbaijan SSR]], First Secretary of the Dagestan Regional Committee of the [[Communist Party of Soviet Union|Communist Party]], [[Aziz Aliyev]], wife of the President of Azerbaijan [[Heydar Aliyev]] and the mother of the [[President of Azerbaijan]] [[Ilham Aliyev]]. |
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== References == |
== References == |
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[[Category:Populated places in Kangarli District]] |
[[Category:Populated places in Kangarli District]] |
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[[Category:Prehistoric Azerbaijan]] |
[[Category:Prehistoric Azerbaijan]] |
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[[Category:Archaeological sites in Nakhchivan]] |
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Latest revision as of 16:24, 29 October 2024
Şahtaxtı | |
|---|---|
Municipality | |
  Şahtaxtı | |
| Coordinates: 39°22′19″N 45°05′46″E / 39.37194°N 45.09611°E | |
| Country | Azerbaijan |
| Autonomous republic | Nakhchivan |
| District | Kangarli |
| Population (2005) | |
• Total | 3,100 |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (AZT) |
Şahtaxtı is a village and municipality in the Kangarli District of Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan. The village is located in the Sharur plain, 4.5 km south-west from the regional center. Its population engages in farming and animal husbandry.
There are secondary school, kindergarten, cultural house and a medical center in the village. It has a population of 3,100. The medieval monuments of Cinlidere are located in the south-west of the village; in the west, near the Givrag plateau, is the location of Shahbaghy.[1] South of the village lies the city of Poldasht in Iran.
Etymology
[edit]The name "Şahtaxtı" is the turkified name of the Persian "Shahtakht", which literally means "King's throne" (Persian: "Shah" شاه + "Takht" تخت), which itself is a Persian translation of the Armenian name "Tagavoranist" (Armenian: "Tagavor" Թագավոր + ա + "Nist" նիստ).[2] The original name of the settlement was "Arkashat" (Արքաշատ), meaning "The joy of the King", and was mentioned by Strabo as "Arxata" (Ἄρξατα).[3][2]
Ancient settlement
[edit]
Nearby is the site of an ancient settlement of the Bronze and first Iron Age; it is located south-west from the village. According to findings, the earliest settlement in the area was founded in the third millennium BC.[1]
Documents of the U.S. Department of State suggest a historically heavy Armenian presence in the area; the ancient city of Arshat-Arkashat (Armenian: Արշատ-Արքաշատ, romanized: Aršat-Ark’ašat) had been founded in the third century BC and served as a residence of Armenian kings. Tombs and cuneiform of the Van kingdom, dated to the third to second centuries BC had been also discovered on its territory.[4]
The area is about 2 hectares. As a result of wear and tear, the remains of the monuments and the destroyed stone buildings need to be monitored. The thickness of the cultural layer, which was defined as the result of researches (1936 and 1979–90), is 3–4.5 m. The castle walls, built of large stones (2.2–2.6 m in width, 1,2-2,5 m in height) and remains of the residential buildings are very interesting.
During the 15-14th centuries BC, Şahtaxtı became a type of fortress-city settlement, and has been the center of large tribal unions of Nakhchivan. The pottery, metalwork, jewellery etc. were highly developed in Şahtaxtı. A rich painted ceramics, cylindrical seals (15-14 centuries BC), and the exquisite decorative patterns found here show that the Şahtaxtı was in close contact with the ancient cultural centers of the Middle East. Pink, gray and black pottery, ornaments, stone tools and osteologic remains were found in the settlement.
Demographics
[edit]According to the 1897 census, Şahtaxtı—mentioned as Shakhtakhty (Russian: Шахтахты)—had a population of 1,457 consisting of 1,427 Muslims. The village had 731 men and 726 women.[5]
Notable natives
[edit]- Hamid bey Shahtakhtinski – Minister of Education and Religious Affairs of Azerbaijan Democratic Republic.
- Behbud Agha Shakhtakhtinski – People's Commissar of Justice of Azerbaijan SSR, Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Nakhichevan SSR (1922).[6]
- Huseyin Ibrahimov – writer, People's Writer of Azerbaijan (1998), Chairman of the Supreme Council of Nakhichevan ASSR (1963–71), Minister of Culture of the Nakhichevan ASSR (1970–76).[citation needed]
- Zarifa Aliyeva – ophthalmologist, academician of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, professor; daughter of the People's Commissar of Health of Azerbaijan SSR, First Secretary of the Dagestan Regional Committee of the Communist Party, Aziz Aliyev, wife of the President of Azerbaijan Heydar Aliyev and the mother of the President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev.
References
[edit]- ^ a b ANAS, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (2005). Nakhchivan Encyclopedia. Vol. II. Baku: ANAS. p. 291. ISBN 5-8066-1468-9.
- ^ a b Ավետիսյան, Հայկ; Գնունի, Արտակ; Բոբոխյան, Արսեն (2020-03-30). ՆԱԽԻՋԵՎԱՆԻ ՊԱՏՄԱՄՇԱԿՈՒԹԱՅԻՆ ՆՇԱՆԱԿՈՒԹՅՈՒՆԸ ԲՐՈՆԶԻ ԵՎ ԵՐԿԱԹԻ ԴԱՐԱՇՐՋԱՆՈՒՄ (in Armenian). Երեվանի պետական համալսարան. pp. 125–127.
- ^ "Strabo, Geography, BOOK XI., CHAPTER XIV". www.perseus.tufts.edu. Retrieved 2023-11-27.
- ^ "Nakhijevan of 1918-1920 in Papers of the U.S. Department of Stateand of the National Archives of Armenia". Academia.edu. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
- ^ Troinitsky, N. A. (1905). Населенные места Российской империи в 500 и более жителей с указанием всего наличного в них населения и числа жителей преобладающих вероисповеданий, по данным первой всеобщей переписи населения 1897 г. [Populated areas of the Russian Empire with 500 or more inhabitants, indicating the total population in them and the number of inhabitants of the predominant religions, according to the first general population census of 1897] (in Russian). Saint Petersburg: Tipografiya Obshchestvennaya polza. p. 32. Archived from the original on 10 August 2022.
- ^ "Шахтахтинский Бейбут Ага". Справочник по истории Коммунистической партии и Советского Союза 1898 - 1991.
