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Addition of the 2023 book documenting the Polly Klaas case by author Kim Cross.<ref>https://www.amazon.com/Light-All-Darkness-Kidnapping-Americas/dp/1538725061</ref>
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| death_place = [[Petaluma, California]], U.S.
| death_place = [[Petaluma, California]], U.S.
| body_discovered = December 4, 1993
| body_discovered = December 4, 1993
| death_cause = [[Strangulation]]
| death_cause = [[Strangulation]]
| occupation = Student
| known_for = Murder victim
| website = {{URL|pollyklaas.org}}
| website = {{URL|pollyklaas.org}}
}}
}}
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==Background==
==Background==
On October 1, 1993, Polly Klaas and two friends were having a [[Sleepover|slumber party]]. Around 10:30 pm, an intoxicated [[Richard Allen Davis]] entered her bedroom, carrying a knife from Eve Nichol's kitchen. He told the girls he was there to do no harm and was only there for money. Davis tied up both of her friends, pulled pillowcases over their heads, and told them to count to 1,000. He then kidnapped Klaas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pollyklaas.org/about/pollys-story.html|title=Polly's Story|work=pollyklaas.org|date=May 11, 2021 }}</ref>
On October 1, 1993, Polly Klaas and two friends were having a [[Sleepover|slumber party]]. Around 10:30 pm, an intoxicated [[Richard Allen Davis]] entered her bedroom, carrying a knife from Eve Nichol's kitchen. He told the girls he was there to do no harm and was only there for money. Davis tied up both of her friends, pulled pillowcases over their heads, and told them to count to 1,000. He then kidnapped Klaas.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pollyklaas.org/about/pollys-story.html|title=Polly's Story|work=pollyklaas.org|date=May 11, 2021 }}</ref> Over the next two months, about 4,000 people helped search for Klaas.<ref name="Mercury News">{{cite news|last1=Howe|first1=Kevin|title=City nearly demolishes Polly Klaas bench in Pacific Grove – The Mercury News|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/2011/09/15/city-nearly-demolishes-polly-klaas-bench-in-pacific-grove/|access-date=April 24, 2017|work=MediaNews, Monterey County Herald|publisher=The Mercury News|date=August 13, 2016}}</ref> Davis was arrested two months after the kidnapping and led the police to Klaas's body, which was buried in a shallow grave in [[Sonoma County, California|Sonoma County]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-05-31 |title=Judge to mull overturning Polly Klaas killer Richard Allen Davis' death sentence - CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/polly-klaas-killer-richard-allen-davis-seeks-death-sentence-overturned/ |access-date=2024-10-15 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

Over the next two months, about 4,000 people helped search for Klaas.<ref name="Mercury News">{{cite news|last1=Howe|first1=Kevin|title=City nearly demolishes Polly Klaas bench in Pacific Grove – The Mercury News|url=http://www.mercurynews.com/2011/09/15/city-nearly-demolishes-polly-klaas-bench-in-pacific-grove/|access-date=April 24, 2017|work=MediaNews, Monterey County Herald|publisher=The Mercury News|date=August 13, 2016}}</ref> TV shows such as ''[[20/20 (US television show)|20/20]]'' and ''[[America's Most Wanted]]'' covered the kidnapping. An APB ([[all-points bulletin]]) with the suspect's information was broadcast within 30 minutes of the kidnapping. The broadcast, however, only went out over Sonoma County Sheriff's Channel 1.

Within hours of the kidnapping, in a rural area of Santa Rosa, about {{convert|20|mi}} north of Petaluma, a babysitter on her way home noted a suspicious vehicle stuck in a ditch on her employer's private driveway. She phoned the property owner, who decided to leave with her daughter. As she drove down the long driveway to Pythian Road, the owner passed Davis. She called 911 when she got to a service station and two deputies were dispatched on the call. The deputies did not know of the kidnapping or the suspect's description, due to [[Sonoma Valley]] units being on Channel 3. The deputies ran Davis's driver's license{{huh|date=July 2023}} and license plate number, but they came back with no wants or warrants. The deputies tried to convince the property owner to perform a [[citizen's arrest]] for trespassing. Under California law, a civilian may make an arrest for this type of misdemeanor. The property owner would have had to go to the car with the deputies and say "I arrest you." The deputies then would have taken Davis into custody. The property owner refused.

The deputies called for a tow truck to get Davis's car out of the ditch. They searched it thoroughly before the arrival of the tow truck and did not find evidence of anyone else in the car. The only possible violation was an open container of beer, but Davis was not driving at the time of the deputies' contact and mere possession of an open container was not illegal. Before Davis was allowed to leave, he was instructed to pour out the beer and the deputies filled out an FI (Field Interrogation) card with his information and the FI card was filed.

On November 28, 1993, the property owner was inspecting her property after loggers had partially cleared the area of trees. She discovered items that made her think they may be related to the kidnapping. She called the sheriff's department to report her discovery, and deputies and crime scene investigators were dispatched. A torn pair of ballet leggings were found that were later matched by the [[FBI_Laboratory|FBI Crime Laboratory]] to the other part of the leggings which were taken as evidence on the night of the kidnapping. A review of calls in the area the day of the kidnapping turned up the contact with Davis, who had only been identified because both deputies had filled out and filed the FI card. Once the identity of Davis was revealed, his palm print at the scene of the kidnapping was also traced to him. Authorities had been unable to match the partial print earlier due to the poor quality of the print left.

The [[Sonoma County, California|Sonoma County]] Sheriff's Department, in cooperation with Petaluma Police and the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]], launched a search of the property and the Pythian Road area during a heavy rainstorm. The first two days of the search were kept as low-key as possible, since Davis was under surveillance at an Indian rancheria near [[Ukiah, California]]. When nothing was found during the initial search and the surveillance of Davis also produced no results, the decision was made to arrest him for the kidnapping of Klaas.

While Davis was being interrogated by Petaluma PD and the FBI, a massive search was launched on Friday, December 3. The Sonoma County Sheriff's Department was assisted by over 500 search team members from 24 agencies, coming from as far away as Kern County, California, and Washoe County, Nevada. The mutual aid effort was coordinated by the California State Office of Emergency Services (now known as the [[California Governor's Office of Emergency Services]]), FBI Crime Scene teams, and numerous other state and federal agencies. The search remains today as one of the largest ever conducted in California. The search continued through Saturday, December 4. The search effort produced other items of evidence, but did not produce any evidence of human remains. The search was planned to continue on Sunday, December 5, but on the evening of December 4, Davis confessed to kidnapping and murdering Klaas and led investigators to her body.<ref name="LA Times">{{cite news|title=Graphic Testimony in Klaas Trial Forces Family Out of Court|url=https://articles.latimes.com/1996-05-07/news/mn-1395_1_family-klaas-trial|access-date=April 24, 2017|agency=Associated Press|work=Los Angeles Times|date=May 7, 1996|location=San Jose, CA.}}</ref> He had buried her in a shallow grave just off Highway 101, about a mile south of the city limits of [[Cloverdale, California]]. The gravesite is about 20 air miles and about 30 road miles from the search site.

Although Davis admitted to strangling Klaas to death, he refused to give investigators a timeline of the events from October 1. Investigators thought he was fearful that both people who passed him would call the sheriff's department. It is believed that he killed her before the arrival of deputies and hid her body in the thick brush on the hillside above where his car was stuck. He then waited for an undetermined period of time after being escorted back to Highway 12, about 1.5 miles from where his car was stuck, and drove back up to retrieve her body. He was reportedly out of breath, sweating profusely (despite it being a cool night), and had twigs and leaves in his hair when contacted by deputies. It is also believed that he had chosen the gravesite in advance, since it would not have been discovered by a casual observer. The gravesite area would be directly visible from Highway 101, but not the grave itself. He had to drive from the Indian Rancheria in Ukiah once a week to meet with his parole officer and he would have seen any police activity in the area.


==Conviction==
==Conviction==
After a long and tumultuous trial, Davis was convicted on June 18, 1996, of first-degree murder with four special circumstances (robbery, burglary, kidnapping, and attempted lewd act on a child) in Klaas's death.<ref name=townhall>{{cite web|url=http://townhall.com/columnists/debrajsaunders/2009/03/12/richard_allen_davis_safe_on_death_row/page/full/|title=Richard Allen Davis: Safe on Death Row|work=townhall.com}}</ref> A [[San Jose, California|San Jose]] Superior Court jury returned a verdict of death. At his formal sentencing, Davis provoked national outrage by taunting his victim's family, extending both middle fingers at a courtroom camera<ref name="south coast today">{{cite news|last1=Locke|first1=Michelle|title=The Polly Klaas story unfolded through a veil of many tears|url=http://www.southcoasttoday.com/article/19960811/NEWS/308119990|access-date=April 24, 2017|agency=Associated Press|publisher=southcoasttoday.com|date=August 11, 1996|location=SAN JOSE, Calif.|language=en}}</ref> and later saying that Klaas's last words just before he killed her implied that her father molested her.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/09/27/us/before-being-sentenced-to-die-killer-disrupts-a-courtroom.html|title=Before Being Sentenced to Die, Killer Disrupts a Courtroom|date=September 27, 1996|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=December 5, 2017|via=www.nytimes.com}}</ref> Judge Thomas Hastings then formally sentenced Davis to death,<ref name="NY Daily News">{{cite news|last1=Kennedy|first1=Helen|title=POLLY'S SMILING KILLER GETS DEATH SENTENCE|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/polly-smiling-killer-death-sentence-article-1.741066|access-date=April 24, 2017|work=NY Daily News|date=August 6, 1996|language=en}}</ref> telling Davis that his conduct in the courtroom made the decision to pass the death sentence significantly easier. Davis has been on death row since 1996.<ref name="Dowd 2023">{{cite web | last=Dowd | first=Katie | title=San Quentin's most infamous death row inmates are being moved | website=SFGATE | date=2023-03-27 | url=https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/san-quentin-death-row-inmates-moved-17856252.php | access-date=2023-06-03}}</ref>
After a long and tumultuous trial, Davis was convicted on June 18, 1996, of first-degree murder with four special circumstances (robbery, burglary, kidnapping, and attempted lewd act on a child) in Klaas's death.<ref name=townhall>{{cite web|url=http://townhall.com/columnists/debrajsaunders/2009/03/12/richard_allen_davis_safe_on_death_row/page/full/|title=Richard Allen Davis: Safe on Death Row|work=townhall.com|access-date=January 18, 2013|archive-date=February 27, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160227224752/http://townhall.com/columnists/debrajsaunders/2009/03/12/richard_allen_davis_safe_on_death_row/page/full/|url-status=dead}}</ref> A [[San Jose, California|San Jose]] Superior Court jury returned a verdict of death. At his formal sentencing, Davis provoked national outrage by taunting his victim's family, extending both middle fingers at a courtroom camera<ref name="south coast today">{{cite news|last1=Locke|first1=Michelle|title=The Polly Klaas story unfolded through a veil of many tears|url=http://www.southcoasttoday.com/article/19960811/NEWS/308119990|access-date=April 24, 2017|agency=Associated Press|publisher=southcoasttoday.com|date=August 11, 1996|location=SAN JOSE, Calif.|language=en}}</ref> and later saying that Klaas's last words just before he killed her implied that her father molested her.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/09/27/us/before-being-sentenced-to-die-killer-disrupts-a-courtroom.html|title=Before Being Sentenced to Die, Killer Disrupts a Courtroom|date=September 27, 1996|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=December 5, 2017|via=www.nytimes.com}}</ref> Judge Thomas Hastings then formally sentenced Davis to death,<ref name="NY Daily News">{{cite news|last1=Kennedy|first1=Helen|title=POLLY'S SMILING KILLER GETS DEATH SENTENCE|url=http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/polly-smiling-killer-death-sentence-article-1.741066|access-date=April 24, 2017|work=NY Daily News|date=August 6, 1996|language=en}}</ref> telling Davis that his conduct in the courtroom made the decision to pass the death sentence significantly easier. Davis has been on death row since 1996.<ref name="Dowd 2023">{{cite web | last=Dowd | first=Katie | title=San Quentin's most infamous death row inmates are being moved | website=SFGATE | date=2023-03-27 | url=https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/san-quentin-death-row-inmates-moved-17856252.php | access-date=2023-06-03}}</ref>


==Winona Ryder==
==Winona Ryder==
Actress [[Winona Ryder]], who had been raised in Petaluma, offered a $200,000 reward for Klaas's safe return during the search. Ryder starred in a [[Little Women (1994 film)|film version]] of ''[[Little Women]]'' after Klaas's death and dedicated it to her memory, because it had been Klaas's favorite book.<ref>[https://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,301373,00.html 'Women' on the Verge]; last accessed December 31, 2007.</ref>
Actress [[Winona Ryder]], who had been raised in Petaluma, offered a $200,000 reward for Klaas's safe return during the search. Ryder starred in a [[Little Women (1994 film)|film version]] of ''[[Little Women]]'' after Klaas's death and dedicated it to her memory, because it had been Klaas's favourite book.<ref>[https://ew.com/article/1994/03/11/little-women-kicks-hollywood-trend/ 'Women' on the Verge] ; last accessed December 31, 2007.</ref>


==Aftermath and legacy==
==Aftermath and legacy==
Klaas's body was cremated and her ashes were spread over the [[Pacific Ocean]] by her friends and family.
Klaas's body was cremated and her ashes were spread over the [[Pacific Ocean]] by her friends and family.


In the wake of the murder, Klaas's father, Marc Klaas, became a child advocate and established the [[Polly Klaas Foundation#KlaasKids Foundation|KlaasKids Foundation]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbko.com/tech/headlines/22214009.html |title=WBKO Talks With Child Advocate Marc Klaas About KlaasKids Foundation |last=Provenzano |first=Sam |date=June 27, 2008 |publisher=wbko.com |access-date=January 28, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006064801/http://www.wbko.com/tech/headlines/22214009.html |archive-date=October 6, 2008 }}</ref> He has made himself available to parents of kidnapped children and has appeared frequently on ''[[Larry King Live]]'', ''[[CNN Headline News]]'' and ''[[Nancy Grace (TV series)|Nancy Grace]]''.
In the wake of the murder, Klaas's father, Marc Klaas, became a child advocate and established the [[Polly Klaas Foundation]] (formerly the KlaasKids Foundation). <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wbko.com/tech/headlines/22214009.html |title=WBKO Talks With Child Advocate Marc Klaas About KlaasKids Foundation |last=Provenzano |first=Sam |date=June 27, 2008 |publisher=wbko.com |access-date=January 28, 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081006064801/http://www.wbko.com/tech/headlines/22214009.html |archive-date=October 6, 2008 }}</ref> He has made himself available to parents of kidnapped children and has appeared frequently on ''[[Larry King Live]]'', ''[[CNN Headline News]]'' and ''[[Nancy Grace (TV series)|Nancy Grace]]''.


The all-points bulletin was broadcast on the CHP ([[California Highway Patrol]]) channel, which only CHP radios could receive. CHP practice changed after the case. The radio system was upgraded and such bulletins are now broadcast on all police channels through a centralized 911 dispatch system.
The all-points bulletin was broadcast on the CHP ([[California Highway Patrol]]) channel, which only CHP radios could receive. CHP practice changed after the case. The radio system was upgraded and such bulletins are now broadcast on all police channels through a centralized 911 dispatch system.


In October 1998, a performing arts center was named in her honor in Petaluma, but was closed in 2000 because of a lack of funding. As of August 2022, a renovation of the building was expected to be completed by the end of the year so the center could reopen.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sfchroniclemarketplace.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/e/a/1998/10/01/NEWS556.dtl&hw=petaluma&sn=189&sc=241|title=Performing arts center dedicated to Polly Klaas|date=October 1, 1998|publisher=sfchroniclemarketplace.com|access-date=January 28, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207183808/http://sfchroniclemarketplace.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=%2Fe%2Fa%2F1998%2F10%2F01%2FNEWS556.dtl&hw=petaluma&sn=189&sc=241|archive-date=February 7, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=October 6, 2022 |title=Polly Klaas Community Theater anticipates reopening |url=https://www.petaluma360.com/article/news/polly-klaas-community-theater-anticipates-reopening/ |access-date=August 5, 2022 |website=www.petaluma360.com}}</ref>
In October 1998, a performing arts center was named in her honor in Petaluma, but was closed in 2000 because of building safety issues and a lack of funding. In November 2022, after years of fundraising and building improvements, the Polly Klaas Community Theater reopened.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sfchroniclemarketplace.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/e/a/1998/10/01/NEWS556.dtl&hw=petaluma&sn=189&sc=241|title=Performing arts center dedicated to Polly Klaas|date=October 1, 1998|publisher=sfchroniclemarketplace.com|access-date=January 28, 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207183808/http://sfchroniclemarketplace.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=%2Fe%2Fa%2F1998%2F10%2F01%2FNEWS556.dtl&hw=petaluma&sn=189&sc=241|archive-date=February 7, 2009}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=October 6, 2022 |title=After nearly 2 decades, Polly Klaas Community Theater reopens in Petaluma with diverse program |url=https://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/news/polly-klaas-community-theater-reopens-in-petaluma-with-diverse-program/ |access-date=November 18, 2023 |website=www.pressdemocrat.com}}</ref>


In the wake of the murder, politicians in California and other U.S. states supported [[three strikes law]]s and California's Three Strikes act was signed into law on March 8, 1994.<ref>{{cite news|last1=George|first1=Evan|title=Prop. 36 and how California's 'Three Strikes' law came to be|url=http://curious.kcrw.com/2012/10/3-strikes|access-date=April 24, 2017|work=For The Curious|date=October 24, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1316/is_n9_v26/ai_15856830/ |title=The right three strikes – three strikes and out law |last1=Franklin |first1=Daniel |date=September 1994 |work=Washington Monthly |access-date=September 6, 2010}}</ref>
In the wake of the murder, politicians in California and other U.S. states supported [[three strikes law]]s and California's Three Strikes act was signed into law on March 8, 1994.<ref>{{cite news|last1=George|first1=Evan|title=Prop. 36 and how California's 'Three Strikes' law came to be|url=http://curious.kcrw.com/2012/10/3-strikes|access-date=April 24, 2017|work=For The Curious|date=October 24, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1316/is_n9_v26/ai_15856830/ |title=The right three strikes – three strikes and out law |last1=Franklin |first1=Daniel |date=September 1994 |work=Washington Monthly |access-date=September 6, 2010}}</ref>
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The [[A&E (TV network)|A&E]] television series ''[[American Justice]]'' released the episode "Free to Kill: The Polly Klaas Murder". The episode exposes the challenges of the penal system to rehabilitate inmates. Davis had been in and out of jail, his convictions ranging from kidnapping to burglary. The episode originally aired October 23, 1996.<ref>{{cite web|title=American Justice {{!}} Season 5, Episode 26 Free to Kill: The Polly Klaas Murder|url=https://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/american-justice/episode-26-season-5/free-to-kill-the-polly-klaas-murder/194507/|website=TVGuide.com|access-date=April 24, 2017|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=American Justice: Free to Kill - The Polly Klaas Murder - {{!}} Overview All Movie|url=https://www.allmovie.com/movie/american-justice-free-to-kill-the-polly-klaas-murder-v245508#MYwO1yML6tFp1MKH.99|website=AllMovie|access-date=April 24, 2017}}</ref>
The [[A&E (TV network)|A&E]] television series ''[[American Justice]]'' released the episode "Free to Kill: The Polly Klaas Murder". The episode exposes the challenges of the penal system to rehabilitate inmates. Davis had been in and out of jail, his convictions ranging from kidnapping to burglary. The episode originally aired October 23, 1996.<ref>{{cite web|title=American Justice {{!}} Season 5, Episode 26 Free to Kill: The Polly Klaas Murder|url=https://www.tvguide.com/tvshows/american-justice/episode-26-season-5/free-to-kill-the-polly-klaas-murder/194507/|website=TVGuide.com|access-date=April 24, 2017|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=American Justice: Free to Kill - The Polly Klaas Murder - {{!}} Overview All Movie|url=https://www.allmovie.com/movie/american-justice-free-to-kill-the-polly-klaas-murder-v245508#MYwO1yML6tFp1MKH.99|website=AllMovie|access-date=April 24, 2017}}</ref>


The [[Discovery Channel]] crime series ''[[The FBI Files]]''' [[List of The FBI Files episodes#Season 1 .281998.E2.80.9399.29|first episode's]] topic was the Polly Klaas case. The episode reveals the details of the FBI agents' collection of evidence and their hunt for the criminal, and originally aired October 20, 1998.<ref name="FilmRise">{{cite web|title=FilmRise THE FBI FILES – Season 1 Ep 1 "Polly Klaas: Kidnapped"|url=http://filmrise.com/the-fbi-files-season-1-ep-1-polly-klaas-kidnapped/|website=filmrise.com|publisher=[[FilmRise]]|access-date=April 24, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425114538/http://filmrise.com/the-fbi-files-season-1-ep-1-polly-klaas-kidnapped/|archive-date=April 25, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
The [[Discovery Channel]] crime series ''[[The FBI Files]]''{{'}} [[List of The FBI Files episodes#Season 1 .281998.E2.80.9399.29|first episode]]'s topic was the Polly Klaas case. The episode reveals the details of the FBI agents' collection of evidence and their hunt for the criminal, and originally aired October 20, 1998.<ref name="FilmRise">{{cite web|title=FilmRise THE FBI FILES – Season 1 Ep 1 "Polly Klaas: Kidnapped"|url=http://filmrise.com/the-fbi-files-season-1-ep-1-polly-klaas-kidnapped/|website=filmrise.com|publisher=[[FilmRise]]|access-date=April 24, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425114538/http://filmrise.com/the-fbi-files-season-1-ep-1-polly-klaas-kidnapped/|archive-date=April 25, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{Third-party inline|date=October 2024}}


On May 9, 2022, [[Crime Junkie]] released an episode on Polly Klaas and discussed how the case set a precedent for California's Three Strikes law.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Flowers |first=Ashley |date=2022-05-09 |title=PRECEDENT: Polly Klaas |url=https://crimejunkiepodcast.com/precedent-polly-klaas/ |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=Crime Junkie Podcast |language=en-US}}</ref>
On May 9, 2022, [[Crime Junkie]] released an episode on Polly Klaas and discussed how the case set a precedent for California's Three Strikes law.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Flowers |first=Ashley |date=2022-05-09 |title=PRECEDENT: Polly Klaas |url=https://crimejunkiepodcast.com/precedent-polly-klaas/ |access-date=2022-11-11 |website=Crime Junkie Podcast |language=en-US}}</ref>{{Third-party inline|date=October 2024}}


[[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] aired an episode of ''[[20/20 (American TV program)|20/20]]'' centered on the Polly Klaas case called ''Taken In The Night'' on September 22, 2023.
[[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] aired an episode of ''[[20/20 (American TV program)|20/20]]'' centered on the Polly Klaas case called ''Taken In The Night'' on September 22, 2023.


On January 8, 2024, The New York Times published a guest essay by Polly Klass's older sister, Annie Nichol, titled "My Sister Was Murdered 30 Years Ago. True Crime Repackages Our Pain as Entertainment." In the essay, she criticizes media coverage of the kidnapping, problems with the subsequent Three-Strikes law, and encourages that media be attentive to helping survivors heal. <ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/08/opinion/movies-books-true-crime.html}}</ref>{{Third-party inline|date=October 2024}}
On October 3, 2023, author Kim Cross released a non-fiction book about the kidnapping titled "[[In Light of All Darkness: Inside the Polly Klaas Kidnapping and the Search for America's Child]]"

ABC-7 News Bay Area (KGO) aired an episode of ABC7 Originals, "Struck by Justice: The Impact of Polly Klaas" on March 11, 2024. This documentary marked thirty years since California's Three Strikes and You're Out Law.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-11 |title='Struck by Justice:' Polly Klaas murder led to harsher sentences. Is that the answer to crime? |url=https://abc7news.com/polly-klaas-murder-struck-by-justice-documentary-three-strikes-laws-richard-allen-davis/14493655/ |access-date=2024-10-30 |website=ABC7 San Francisco |language=en}}</ref>{{Third-party inline|date=October 2024}}


==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Capital murder cases]]
[[Category:Capital murder cases]]
[[Category:Deaths by person in California]]
[[Category:Deaths by person in California]]
[[Category:Kidnappings in the United States]]
[[Category:Child sexual abuse in the United States]]
[[Category:Child sexual abuse in the United States]]
[[Category:October 1993 crimes in the United States]]
[[Category:October 1993 crimes in the United States]]

Latest revision as of 07:19, 30 October 2024

Polly Klaas
Born
Polly Hannah Klaas

(1981-01-03)January 3, 1981
Fairfax, California, U.S.
DiedOctober 1, 1993(1993-10-01) (aged 12)
Petaluma, California, U.S.
Cause of deathStrangulation
Body discoveredDecember 4, 1993
Websitepollyklaas.org

Polly Hannah Klaas (January 3, 1981 – October 1, 1993) was an American murder victim whose case garnered national media attention. On October 1, 1993, at age twelve, she was kidnapped at knifepoint during a slumber party at her mother's home in Petaluma, California, and strangled to death. Richard Allen Davis was convicted of her murder in 1996 and sentenced to death.[1]

Background

[edit]

On October 1, 1993, Polly Klaas and two friends were having a slumber party. Around 10:30 pm, an intoxicated Richard Allen Davis entered her bedroom, carrying a knife from Eve Nichol's kitchen. He told the girls he was there to do no harm and was only there for money. Davis tied up both of her friends, pulled pillowcases over their heads, and told them to count to 1,000. He then kidnapped Klaas.[2] Over the next two months, about 4,000 people helped search for Klaas.[3] Davis was arrested two months after the kidnapping and led the police to Klaas's body, which was buried in a shallow grave in Sonoma County.[4]

Conviction

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After a long and tumultuous trial, Davis was convicted on June 18, 1996, of first-degree murder with four special circumstances (robbery, burglary, kidnapping, and attempted lewd act on a child) in Klaas's death.[5] A San Jose Superior Court jury returned a verdict of death. At his formal sentencing, Davis provoked national outrage by taunting his victim's family, extending both middle fingers at a courtroom camera[6] and later saying that Klaas's last words just before he killed her implied that her father molested her.[7] Judge Thomas Hastings then formally sentenced Davis to death,[8] telling Davis that his conduct in the courtroom made the decision to pass the death sentence significantly easier. Davis has been on death row since 1996.[9]

Winona Ryder

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Actress Winona Ryder, who had been raised in Petaluma, offered a $200,000 reward for Klaas's safe return during the search. Ryder starred in a film version of Little Women after Klaas's death and dedicated it to her memory, because it had been Klaas's favourite book.[10]

Aftermath and legacy

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Klaas's body was cremated and her ashes were spread over the Pacific Ocean by her friends and family.

In the wake of the murder, Klaas's father, Marc Klaas, became a child advocate and established the Polly Klaas Foundation (formerly the KlaasKids Foundation). [11] He has made himself available to parents of kidnapped children and has appeared frequently on Larry King Live, CNN Headline News and Nancy Grace.

The all-points bulletin was broadcast on the CHP (California Highway Patrol) channel, which only CHP radios could receive. CHP practice changed after the case. The radio system was upgraded and such bulletins are now broadcast on all police channels through a centralized 911 dispatch system.

In October 1998, a performing arts center was named in her honor in Petaluma, but was closed in 2000 because of building safety issues and a lack of funding. In November 2022, after years of fundraising and building improvements, the Polly Klaas Community Theater reopened.[12][13]

In the wake of the murder, politicians in California and other U.S. states supported three strikes laws and California's Three Strikes act was signed into law on March 8, 1994.[14][15]

Media

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Investigation Discovery re-enacted the kidnapping and murder in Motives & Murder: Cracking the Case: Who Took Polly Klaas? (Season 4 Episode 4, 10/22/2014).[16][17]

The A&E television series American Justice released the episode "Free to Kill: The Polly Klaas Murder". The episode exposes the challenges of the penal system to rehabilitate inmates. Davis had been in and out of jail, his convictions ranging from kidnapping to burglary. The episode originally aired October 23, 1996.[18][19]

The Discovery Channel crime series The FBI Files' first episode's topic was the Polly Klaas case. The episode reveals the details of the FBI agents' collection of evidence and their hunt for the criminal, and originally aired October 20, 1998.[20][third-party source needed]

On May 9, 2022, Crime Junkie released an episode on Polly Klaas and discussed how the case set a precedent for California's Three Strikes law.[21][third-party source needed]

ABC aired an episode of 20/20 centered on the Polly Klaas case called Taken In The Night on September 22, 2023.

On January 8, 2024, The New York Times published a guest essay by Polly Klass's older sister, Annie Nichol, titled "My Sister Was Murdered 30 Years Ago. True Crime Repackages Our Pain as Entertainment." In the essay, she criticizes media coverage of the kidnapping, problems with the subsequent Three-Strikes law, and encourages that media be attentive to helping survivors heal. [22][third-party source needed]

ABC-7 News Bay Area (KGO) aired an episode of ABC7 Originals, "Struck by Justice: The Impact of Polly Klaas" on March 11, 2024. This documentary marked thirty years since California's Three Strikes and You're Out Law.[23][third-party source needed]

References

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  1. ^ Kennedy, Helen (August 6, 1996). "Polly's Smiling Killer Gets Death Sentence". The New York Daily News. Retrieved January 28, 2009.
  2. ^ "Polly's Story". pollyklaas.org. May 11, 2021.
  3. ^ Howe, Kevin (August 13, 2016). "City nearly demolishes Polly Klaas bench in Pacific Grove – The Mercury News". MediaNews, Monterey County Herald. The Mercury News. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
  4. ^ "Judge to mull overturning Polly Klaas killer Richard Allen Davis' death sentence - CBS News". www.cbsnews.com. May 31, 2024. Retrieved October 15, 2024.
  5. ^ "Richard Allen Davis: Safe on Death Row". townhall.com. Archived from the original on February 27, 2016. Retrieved January 18, 2013.
  6. ^ Locke, Michelle (August 11, 1996). "The Polly Klaas story unfolded through a veil of many tears". SAN JOSE, Calif.: southcoasttoday.com. Associated Press. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
  7. ^ "Before Being Sentenced to Die, Killer Disrupts a Courtroom". The New York Times. September 27, 1996. Retrieved December 5, 2017 – via www.nytimes.com.
  8. ^ Kennedy, Helen (August 6, 1996). "POLLY'S SMILING KILLER GETS DEATH SENTENCE". NY Daily News. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
  9. ^ Dowd, Katie (March 27, 2023). "San Quentin's most infamous death row inmates are being moved". SFGATE. Retrieved June 3, 2023.
  10. ^ 'Women' on the Verge ; last accessed December 31, 2007.
  11. ^ Provenzano, Sam (June 27, 2008). "WBKO Talks With Child Advocate Marc Klaas About KlaasKids Foundation". wbko.com. Archived from the original on October 6, 2008. Retrieved January 28, 2009.
  12. ^ "Performing arts center dedicated to Polly Klaas". sfchroniclemarketplace.com. October 1, 1998. Archived from the original on February 7, 2009. Retrieved January 28, 2009.
  13. ^ "After nearly 2 decades, Polly Klaas Community Theater reopens in Petaluma with diverse program". www.pressdemocrat.com. October 6, 2022. Retrieved November 18, 2023.
  14. ^ George, Evan (October 24, 2012). "Prop. 36 and how California's 'Three Strikes' law came to be". For The Curious. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
  15. ^ Franklin, Daniel (September 1994). "The right three strikes – three strikes and out law". Washington Monthly. Retrieved September 6, 2010.
  16. ^ "Cracking the Case:I Couldn't Keep Images Of Polly Klaas Out Of My Head | Investigation Discovery". www.investigationdiscovery.com. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
  17. ^ "Kingston girl hooked on acting".
  18. ^ "American Justice | Season 5, Episode 26 Free to Kill: The Polly Klaas Murder". TVGuide.com. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
  19. ^ "American Justice: Free to Kill - The Polly Klaas Murder - | Overview All Movie". AllMovie. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
  20. ^ "FilmRise THE FBI FILES – Season 1 Ep 1 "Polly Klaas: Kidnapped"". filmrise.com. FilmRise. Archived from the original on April 25, 2017. Retrieved April 24, 2017.
  21. ^ Flowers, Ashley (May 9, 2022). "PRECEDENT: Polly Klaas". Crime Junkie Podcast. Retrieved November 11, 2022.
  22. ^ https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/08/opinion/movies-books-true-crime.html. {{cite news}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  23. ^ "'Struck by Justice:' Polly Klaas murder led to harsher sentences. Is that the answer to crime?". ABC7 San Francisco. March 11, 2024. Retrieved October 30, 2024.

Further reading

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