Marneuli: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox settlement |
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[[Image:Marneuli.png|thumb|250px| '''Marneuli District''']] |
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| name = Marneuli |
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| ⚫ | '''Marneuli''' ( |
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| native_name_lang = ka |
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| settlement_type = City |
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| image_skyline = Marneuli Tea House.JPG |
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| image_caption = Marneuli Tea House |
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| image_size = 280 |
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| image_flag = Flag of Marneuli Municipality.svg |
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| image_seal = Marneuli COA.png |
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| pushpin_map = Georgia#Georgia Kvemo Kartli |
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| pushpin_mapsize = 280 |
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| subdivision_type = Country |
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| subdivision_name = {{flag|Georgia (country)}} |
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| subdivision_type1 = [[Mkhare]] |
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| subdivision_name1 = [[Kvemo Kartli]] |
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| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of Georgia (country)|Municipality]] |
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| subdivision_name2 = [[Marneuli Municipality|Marneuli]] |
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| established_title = |
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| established_date = |
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| leader_title = |
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| leader_name = |
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| area_total_km2 = |
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| elevation_m = 420 |
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| population_total = 25742 |
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| population_as_of = January 1, 2024<ref>{{cite web |url=https://geostat.ge/media/61960/1-3-population-by-cities-and-boroughs.xlsx |title=Population by regions |publisher=National Statistics Office of Georgia |access-date=28 April 2024 }}</ref> |
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| area_code = |
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| blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]] |
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| blank_info = [[Humid subtropical climate|Cfa]] |
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| website = |
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| pushpin_relief = y |
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| module = {{Infobox mapframe |wikidata=yes |zoom=12|frame-height=260 | stroke-width=1 |coord={{WikidataCoord|display=i}}}} |
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}} |
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== Toponymy == |
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According to Georgian sources, the name ''{{lang|en|Marneuli}}'' is of [[Georgian language|Georgian]] origin and some have attested the name to "''{{lang|ka|marani}}''" ({{lang-ka|მარანი}}), the Georgian word "[[winery]]".<ref name=":0">{{cite web |title=მარანი |url=http://www.nplg.gov.ge/wikidict/index.php/მარანი |website=The National Parliamentary Library of Georgia |publisher=Bibliowiki |access-date=16 July 2021}}</ref> |
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The name used by the [[Azerbaijanis in Georgia|Azerbaijanis]] to refer to the city, ''{{lang|az|Sarvan}}'',<ref>{{cite news |first=Asif |last=Hajili |url=http://www.anl.az/down/meqale/525/2020/oktyabr/724453.htm |title=Yaxın və uzaq Borçalı |work=525-ci qəzet |date=17 October 2020 |pages=20–21 |language=az }}</ref> The word was borrowed<ref>{{Cite book |first=Bashir |last=Ahmadov |title=Etimologiya lüğəti |trans-title=Dictionary of Etymology |chapter=Sarvan |chapter-url=https://obastan.com/SARVAN/924288/ |publisher=Altun Kitab |location=Baku |year=2015 }}</ref> from [[Persian language|Persian]] ''{{lang|fa|[[:wikt:ساربان|sârebân]]}}'' ({{langx|fa|ساربان}}), meaning "the keeper of camels".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dehkhoda |first=Ali-Akbar |author-link=Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda |title=[[Dehkhoda Dictionary]] |editor=[[Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute]] |language=fa |chapter=ساربان |chapter-url=https://dehkhoda.ut.ac.ir/en/dictionary/177976/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86 |location=Tehran |publisher=University of Tehran Press |year=1931 }}</ref> |
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==Population== |
==Population== |
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According to |
According to the 2014 Georgian census the population of the city was 20,211. The city is predominantly populated by [[Azerbaijanis in Georgia|Georgian Azerbaijanis]] (83,1%).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.statistics.ge/_files/georgian/census/2002/Sinameurneobebi%20da%20maTi%20sabinao%20pirobebi.pdf |title=Статистический отчёт о переписе населении |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2002 |website=statistics.ge |publisher= |language=ka |access-date= |quote= |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090306072029/http://www.statistics.ge/_files/georgian/census/2002/Sinameurneobebi%20da%20maTi%20sabinao%20pirobebi.pdf |archive-date=6 March 2009}}</ref> As of January 1, 2023, the population was 24,928.<ref name=":0" /> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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Marneuli is the center of the [[Marneuli Municipality]] of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]]. By the decree of the [[Georgian SSR]] of March 18, 1947, the village of Borchalo was renamed into Marneuli. It received the status of a city in 1964. |
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Before 1947 the town was known as Borchali (Borçali). Prior to 1736 Borchali had been an independent sultanate and was renowned for the quality of its carpets. Between 1947 and 1952 the town was known as Sarvan, a name still used in some contexts<ref>[http://travelingluck.com/Asia/Georgia/Georgia+(general)/_613074_Marneuli.html#local_map]</ref>. Marneuli town gained the official status of 'city' (gorod) in 1964. |
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On July 1, 1625, north of Marneuli near the [[Algeti River]] on the [[Marabda]] field, a [[Battle of Marabda|major battle]] of Georgian troops with the Safavid conquerors took place, the Georgian army under the command of [[Giorgi Saakadze]] at first almost defeated the Iranian army of [[Isa Khan]], but then it was still defeated and the [[Safavid Empire|Iranians]] entered [[Tbilisi]]. |
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Today Marneuli is the site of a Georgian military air base. That base was bombed on August 8th, 2008 during the [[War in South Ossetia (2008)]], reportedly leaving 4 dead (all ethnic Georgians)<ref>http://en.apa.az/news.php?id=86450</ref> and 5 wounded.<ref>{{cite news |first= Musa |last= Sadulayev |authorlink= |coauthors= |title= Georgia says Russian aircraft bombed its air bases |url= http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20080808/ap_on_re_eu/georgia_south_ossetia_28;_ylt=AmbBKrNHVd8FYkuYULUW5J9bbBAF |work= [[Yahoo! News]] |publisher= [[Associated Press]] |date= [[August 8]], [[2008]] |accessdate=2008-08-08 }}</ref> |
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On December 19, 1918, a battle of the [[Georgian-Armenian War]] took place near the [[Khrami]] River (8 kilometers south of the regional center). As a result of the armistice established on January 1 at the insistence of the British army, which occupied the location of the German army in the region (after the latter was defeated in the First World War), the city remained in the Georgian-Armenian neutral zone{{Citation needed|date=September 2021}}, and was subsequently incorporated into [[Georgian SSR]]. |
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==Map showing Marneuli== |
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In 1921, Marneuli again became the center of military operations - units of the Soviet 11th Army marched through it in [[Tbilisi]] during the [[Soviet-Georgian war]]. |
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On August 8, 2008, during the [[Russo-Georgian War]], Russian planes bombed the city's airfield, as a result of which 3 people died and the airfield's runway was destroyed. |
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==Culture== |
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There is one university branch ([[Tbilisi State University]]) and one university opened in 2008 (Heydar Aliyev Georgia-Azerbaijan Humanitarian University) in Marneuli.<ref>[http://en.apa.az/news.php?id=92215 Heydar Aliyev University opens in Marneuli, Nov 2008] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930022201/http://en.apa.az/news.php?id=92215 |date=2011-09-30 }}</ref> |
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==See also== |
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* [[Kvemo Kartli]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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== |
==External links== |
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{{Cities and towns in Georgia (country)}} |
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[[Category:Cities |
[[Category:Cities and towns in Kvemo Kartli]] |
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[[de:Marneuli]] |
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[[et:Marneuli]] |
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[[fr:Marneouli]] |
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[[os:Марнеули]] |
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[[he:מרנאולי]] |
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[[no:Marneuli]] |
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[[pl:Marneuli]] |
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[[ro:Marneuli]] |
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[[ru:Марнеули]] |
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[[tr:Marneuli]] |
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Latest revision as of 09:37, 30 October 2024
Marneuli
მარნეული | |
|---|---|
City | |
 Marneuli Tea House | |
 Flag  Seal | |
  Marneuli  Marneuli | |
| Coordinates: 41°29′49″N 44°48′39″E / 41.49694°N 44.81083°E | |
| Country |  Georgia (country) |
| Mkhare | Kvemo Kartli |
| Municipality | Marneuli |
| Elevation | 420 m (1,380 ft) |
| Population (January 1, 2024[1]) | |
• Total | 25,742 |
| Climate | Cfa |
 | |
Marneuli (Georgian: მარნეული [maɾneuli], Azerbaijani: Sarvan) is a city in the Kvemo Kartli region of southern Georgia and administrative center of Marneuli Municipality that borders neighboring Azerbaijan and Armenia.
Toponymy
[edit]According to Georgian sources, the name Marneuli is of Georgian origin and some have attested the name to "marani" (Georgian: მარანი), the Georgian word "winery".[2]
The name used by the Azerbaijanis to refer to the city, Sarvan,[3] The word was borrowed[4] from Persian sârebân (Persian: ساربان), meaning "the keeper of camels".[5]
Population
[edit]According to the 2014 Georgian census the population of the city was 20,211. The city is predominantly populated by Georgian Azerbaijanis (83,1%).[6] As of January 1, 2023, the population was 24,928.[2]
History
[edit]Marneuli is the center of the Marneuli Municipality of Georgia. By the decree of the Georgian SSR of March 18, 1947, the village of Borchalo was renamed into Marneuli. It received the status of a city in 1964.
On July 1, 1625, north of Marneuli near the Algeti River on the Marabda field, a major battle of Georgian troops with the Safavid conquerors took place, the Georgian army under the command of Giorgi Saakadze at first almost defeated the Iranian army of Isa Khan, but then it was still defeated and the Iranians entered Tbilisi.
On December 19, 1918, a battle of the Georgian-Armenian War took place near the Khrami River (8 kilometers south of the regional center). As a result of the armistice established on January 1 at the insistence of the British army, which occupied the location of the German army in the region (after the latter was defeated in the First World War), the city remained in the Georgian-Armenian neutral zone[citation needed], and was subsequently incorporated into Georgian SSR.
In 1921, Marneuli again became the center of military operations - units of the Soviet 11th Army marched through it in Tbilisi during the Soviet-Georgian war.
On August 8, 2008, during the Russo-Georgian War, Russian planes bombed the city's airfield, as a result of which 3 people died and the airfield's runway was destroyed.
Culture
[edit]There is one university branch (Tbilisi State University) and one university opened in 2008 (Heydar Aliyev Georgia-Azerbaijan Humanitarian University) in Marneuli.[7]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Population by regions". National Statistics Office of Georgia. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
- ^ a b "მარანი". The National Parliamentary Library of Georgia. Bibliowiki. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
- ^ Hajili, Asif (17 October 2020). "Yaxın və uzaq Borçalı". 525-ci qəzet (in Azerbaijani). pp. 20–21.
- ^ Ahmadov, Bashir (2015). "Sarvan". Etimologiya lüğəti [Dictionary of Etymology]. Baku: Altun Kitab.
- ^ Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931). "ساربان". In Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute (ed.). Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian). Tehran: University of Tehran Press.
- ^ "Статистический отчёт о переписе населении" (PDF). statistics.ge (in Georgian). 2002. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2009.
- ^ Heydar Aliyev University opens in Marneuli, Nov 2008 Archived 2011-09-30 at the Wayback Machine
External links
[edit]
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