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Kongsgård (Swedish: kungsgård) is a residence, estate, or farmland that has belonged to or still belongs to the Scandinavian monarchs or royal families.

History

During the Viking Age and early Middle Ages, the nations of Scandinavia were organized as frail political unions, a system which often led to conflicts and internal turmoil. To remain in control, the Scandinavian kings would frequently travel throughout their kingdoms to keep oversight. Kongsgård would then function as temporary residencies for the kings and were often fortified and gradually developed into larger main estates. Throughout the late Middle Ages, many royal estates were re-enforced with castles. Over time, the kings were able to unify their countries and consolidate their power, ruling instead from a single seat or capital.

Norwegian Kongsgård estates

The first King of Norway, King Harald Fairhair, ordered his earls and their hersir to construct estates and farms along the Norwegian coast that would belong to the king and the hird.^[1] King Harald would establish the significant Kongsgård estate Alrekstad in Bergen which functioned as his seat of power.^[2]^[3] In the Middle Ages, King Eystein I of Norway would relocated Alrekstad estate in Bergen, building a new fortified palace where Bergenhus fortress is presently located.^[4]

Other Kongsgård estates include:

Oslo Kongsgård estate^{[citation needed]}
Avaldsnes Kongsgård estate
Kongsgård estate at Fitjar
Kongsgård estate at Seim, Hordaland
Værne Kloster^[5]
Utstein Abbey^[6]

Danish Kongsgård estates

Swedish Kongsgård estates

Faroese Kongsgård estates

Kirkjubøargarður at Kirkjubøur^[10]

References

^ Saga of Harald Fairhair, paragraph 6
^ Saga of Olav Trgvesons, paragraph 70
^ "Harald Hårfagre – en vestlandskonge". www.norgeshistorie.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2017-10-28.
^ "Alrekstad - Bergens eldste kongsgård". digitaltmuseum. Retrieved September 1, 2020.
^ "Værne kloster". Store norske leksikon. Retrieved September 1, 2020.
^ "Utstein kloster". Store norske leksikon. 29 April 2020. Retrieved September 1, 2020.
^ "Corselitze". Den Store Danske. Retrieved September 1, 2020.
^ "Børglum Kloster". danskeherregaarde. Retrieved September 1, 2020.
^ "Karlberg, Sverige". historiesajten. Archived from the original on 13 January 2013. Retrieved September 1, 2020.
^ "Kirkjubøargarður". The Vintage News. 19 January 2016. Retrieved September 1, 2020.

[1] Saga of Harald Fairhair, paragraph 6

[2] Saga of Olav Trgvesons, paragraph 70

[3] "Harald Hårfagre – en vestlandskonge". www.norgeshistorie.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2017-10-28.

[4] "Alrekstad - Bergens eldste kongsgård". digitaltmuseum. Retrieved September 1, 2020.

[5] "Værne kloster". Store norske leksikon. Retrieved September 1, 2020.

[6] "Utstein kloster". Store norske leksikon. 29 April 2020. Retrieved September 1, 2020.

[7] "Corselitze". Den Store Danske. Retrieved September 1, 2020.

[8] "Børglum Kloster". danskeherregaarde. Retrieved September 1, 2020.

[9] "Karlberg, Sverige". historiesajten. Archived from the original on 13 January 2013. Retrieved September 1, 2020.

[10] "Kirkjubøargarður". The Vintage News. 19 January 2016. Retrieved September 1, 2020.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Type of farm in Scandinavia}}
-''Kongsgård'' is a historical term used to describe residences, estates and farmlands that have belonged, and still belongs, to the [[Scandinavian]] monarchs and royal families.
+'''{{Lang|no|Kongsgård}}''' ({{Langx|sv|kungsgård}}) is a residence, estate, or farmland that has belonged to or still belongs to the [[Scandinavia]]n monarchs or royal families.
-== History ==
-During the [[Viking age]] and early middle ages, the young nations of Scandinavia were organized as frail [[Petty kingdoms of Norway|political unions]], a system which often led to [[Civil war era in Norway|conflicts and internal turmoil]]. To remain in control, the Scandinavian kings would frequently travel throughout their kingdoms to keep oversight. The Kongsgård estates would then function as temporary residencies for the kings and would otherwise be occupied by noblemen or other [[vassals]].
+== History ==
-Over time, the kings were able to unify their countries and [[Consolidation of Sweden|consolidate their power]], ruling instead from a single seat or capital. The Kongsgård estate tradition was thus slowly abandoned, with the kings of [[Kingdom of Norway (872–1397)|Norway[[, [[Sweden[[ and [[Denmark]] favoring fortified stone castles.
+[[File:Håkon Håkonssons kongsgård 01.JPG|thumb|Ruins of the Kongsgård estate in Oslo – built by [[Haakon IV of Norway|King Håkon Håkonsson]]]]
+During the [[Viking Age]] and early Middle Ages, the nations of Scandinavia were organized as frail [[Petty kingdoms of Norway|political unions]], a system which often led to [[Civil war era in Norway|conflicts and internal turmoil]]. To remain in control, the Scandinavian kings would frequently travel throughout their kingdoms to keep oversight.  Kongsgård  would then function as temporary residencies for the kings and were often fortified and gradually developed into larger main estates. Throughout the late Middle Ages, many royal estates were re-enforced with castles. Over time, the kings were able to unify their countries and [[Consolidation of Sweden|consolidate their power]], ruling instead from a single seat or capital.
 == Norwegian Kongsgård estates ==
-The first [[King of Norway]], King [[Harald Fairhair]], ordered his [[earls]] and their [[hersir]] to construct estates and farms along the Norwegian coast that would belong to the king and the [[hird]].<ref>Saga of Harald Fairhair, paragraph 6</ref> King Harald himself would establish the significant Kongsgård estate [[Alrekstad]] in [[Bergen]] which functioned as his seat of power. Similar estates were also later build in [[Oslo]], [[Stavanger]] and [[Trondheim]].<ref>Saga of Olav Trgvesons , paragraph 70</ref>
+The first [[King of Norway]], King [[Harald Fairhair]], ordered his [[earls]] and their [[hersir]] to construct estates and farms along the Norwegian coast that would belong to the king and the [[hird]].<ref>Saga of Harald Fairhair, paragraph 6</ref> King Harald would establish the significant Kongsgård estate [[Alrekstad]] in [[Bergen]] which functioned as his seat of power.<ref>Saga of Olav Trgvesons, paragraph 70</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.norgeshistorie.no/vikingtid/artikler/0815-harald-harfagre-en-vestlandskonge.html|title=Harald Hårfagre – en vestlandskonge|website=www.norgeshistorie.no|language=no|access-date=2017-10-28}}</ref> In the [[Middle Ages]], King [[Eystein I of Norway]] would  relocated [[Alrekstad]] estate in Bergen, building a new fortified palace where [[Bergenhus fortress]] is presently located.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://digitaltmuseum.no/011085443349/alrekstad-bergens-eldste-kongsgard |title= Alrekstad - Bergens eldste kongsgård|website= digitaltmuseum
+|access-date=September 1, 2020}}</ref>
+Other Kongsgård estates include:
-In the [[middle ages]], the Norwegian kings turned away from traditional wooden estate house  and instead build stone [[castles]]. King [[Eystein I of Norway]] would for instance relocated the Alrekstad estate in Bergen, building a new fortified palace where [[Bergenhus fortress]] is presently located.
+*[[Oslo Kongsgård estate]]{{citation needed|date=March 2021}}
+*[[Avaldsnes Kongsgård estate]]
-Today, the [[Norwegian royal family]] still owns Kongsgård estates which are used as official and holiday residences. This includes the [[Bygdøy Royal Estate]] and [[Skaugum]].
+* Kongsgård estate at [[Fitjar]]
-Other Kongsgård estates includes:
+* Kongsgård estate at [[Seim, Hordaland]]
+*[[Værne Kloster]]<ref>{{cite web|url= https://snl.no/V%C3%A6rne_kloster  |title=  Værne kloster|website=  Store norske leksikon|access-date=September 1, 2020}}</ref>
-*[[Værne Kloster]]
+*[[Utstein Abbey]]<ref>{{cite web|url=  https://snl.no/Utstein_kloster|title=  Utstein kloster|website=  Store norske leksikon
-*[[Utstein Abbey]]
+|date= 29 April 2020|access-date=September 1, 2020}}</ref>
-*The Oslo Kongsgård estate, located where [[Middelalderparken]] is today.
-*The Kongsgård estate at [[Fitjar]]
-*The Kongsgård estate at [[Avaldsnes]]
-*The Kongsgård estate at [[Seim, Hordaland]]
 == Danish Kongsgård estates ==
+*[[Corselitze]]<ref>{{cite web|url=   https://denstoredanske.lex.dk/Corselitze
-*[[Corselitze]]
+|title= Corselitze|website= Den Store Danske|access-date=September 1, 2020}}</ref>
-*[[Børglum Abbey]]
+*[[Børglum Abbey]]<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.danskeherregaarde.dk/nutid/boerglumkloster  |title= Børglum Kloster	|website= danskeherregaarde
+|access-date=September 1, 2020}}</ref>
 == Swedish Kongsgård estates ==
 *[[Husby (estate)]]
+*[[Karlberg Palace]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.historiesajten.se/slottdetalj.asp?id=13 |title=  Karlberg, Sverige
-*[[Karlberg Palace]]
+|website=  historiesajten |access-date=September 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130113173351/http://www.historiesajten.se/slottdetalj.asp?id=13 |archive-date=13 January 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
 *[[Kaknäs]]
 *[[Uppsala öd]]
 == Faroese Kongsgård estates ==
+*[[Kirkjubøargarður]] at [[Kirkjubøur]]<ref>{{cite web|url=  https://www.thevintagenews.com/2016/01/19/46557/|title= Kirkjubøargarður|website= The Vintage News
-*[[Kirkjubøargarður]]
+|date= 19 January 2016|access-date=September 1, 2020}}</ref>
 == See also ==
 *[[Kaiserpfalz]]
+*[[Konungsåren]]
+== References ==
+<!-- Inline citations added to your article will automatically display here. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:REFB for instructions on how to add citations. -->
+{{reflist}}{{Castles in Denmark}}
 [[Category:Royal residences in Norway]]
 [[Category:Viking Age populated places]]
-[[Category:History of Norway]]
+[[Category:Medieval history of Norway]]
 [[Category:Palaces in Norway]]
 [[Category:Castles in Denmark]]
-[[Category:History of Denmark]]
+[[Category:Monarchy of Denmark]]
-[[Category:History of Sweden]]
+[[Category:Monarchy of Sweden]]
 [[Category:Castles in Stockholm County]]
 [[Category:Royal residences in Denmark]]
 [[Category:Royal residences in Sweden]]
-== References ==
-<!-- Inline citations added to your article will automatically display here. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:REFB for instructions on how to add citations. -->
-{{reflist}}