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== Research in Czechoslovakia ==
== doctor/lsd ==


I contributed a paragraph on the use in Czechoslovakia, but it got deleted completely. I believe it is very relevant because it was one of the few countries that produced it's own LSD and the research done for military, medical and experimental purposes was quite extensive and is well documented, for which I provided 4 different sources from reliable media, and certainly more could be found in literature I don't currently have access to. This was argued by [[User:WikiLinuz]] who deleted the text to not in fact be reliable sources, but I disagree with that judgement. Furthermore, I also disagree with the judgement of it being [[WP:UNDUE]] as I think it's comparable in significance and extent to e.g. the mkultra research and my text had comparable volume and I consider the judgement of it being undue to be an instance of [[Americentrism]]. My paragraph was free of opinion claims, it only provided a summary of events. I would thus like it to return the text in some form. Please tell me in more detail how it should be modified so that it's more acceptable.
I have a friend who insists that once someone has ingested LSD they are no longer eligible to become a surgeon or be in any medical profession aside from Gen. Practitioner. Personally I dont buy it. But Ive heard it asserted by a few people over the years and I wonder at both the verity of the claim and, if false, where the rumour got started. thanks.
[[User:Barvinek|Barvinek]] ([[User talk:Barvinek|talk]]) 10:04, 7 May 2024 (UTC)

:The [https://thereader.mitpress.mit.edu/an-untold-story-of-lsd-psychotherapy-in-communist-czechoslovakia/ MIT press] source the only reliable source on your addition. I'm not against adding the material about Czechoslovakia, but it should be properly sourced. The MIT source is mainly about LSD's application in [[psychedelic therapy]] (which I have no problem with), but significant amount of the content you added is about military usage (which the MIT source doesn't talk about). So you should add reliable sources particularly regarding LSD experimentation in the military (and by the communists). --[[User:WikiLinuz|<span style="font-family:Optima;color:#292928;">'''Wiki'''<span style="color:red;">'''''Linuz'''''</span></span>]] ([[User_talk:WikiLinuz|<span style="font-family:Optima;">talk</span>]]) 11:13, 7 May 2024 (UTC)
FROM ANONYMOUS:
::So, do I understand it correctly, if I provide sources that you would consider more reliable, you would find the text itself acceptable? Does the language of the source affect how reliable is it considered for English wikipedia? Or do you also see other issues with it? [[User:Barvinek|Barvinek]] ([[User talk:Barvinek|talk]]) 12:02, 7 May 2024 (UTC)
I'm currently in medical school. I have done significant quantities of LSD and continue to do so. I don't suffer flashbacks. I'm doing just fine in my surgery rotation. <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/76.107.129.166|76.107.129.166]] ([[User talk:76.107.129.166|talk]]) 16:33, 21 November 2007 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->
:::Yeah. As long as the source itself is reliable, it can still be used. Though English sources are preferred if available. See [[WP:NONENG]]. --[[User:WikiLinuz|<span style="font-family:Optima;color:#292928;">'''Wiki'''<span style="color:red;">'''''Linuz'''''</span></span>]] ([[User_talk:WikiLinuz|<span style="font-family:Optima;">talk</span>]]) 13:31, 7 May 2024 (UTC)

::::Why exactly is a documentary movie that literally shows the people doing the research themselves recollecting the events and literally showing footage from the military research with an official military commentary considered "not reliable source"? [[User:Barvinek|Barvinek]] ([[User talk:Barvinek|talk]]) 15:43, 7 May 2024 (UTC)
Obvious urban legend. Look it up. [[User:Turkeyphant|'''''<span style="color:#0808C8">Tu</span><span style="color:#0606BE">rk</span><span style="color: #040488">ey</span><span style="color:#020264">ph</span><span style="color:#000064">an</span>''''']][[User talk:Turkeyphant|<sup><big>t</big></sup>]] 02:17, 12 December 2008 (UTC)
:::::If you're talking about ceskatelevize, it's really hard to [[WP:VERIFY]] since it's behind a paywall. There's no policy against including video sources (including paywalled sources), but if the subject really is well-covered, you shouldn't have trouble finding text sources (like books, etc.) covering this. --[[User:WikiLinuz|<span style="font-family:Optima;color:#292928;">'''Wiki'''<span style="color:red;">'''''Linuz'''''</span></span>]] ([[User_talk:WikiLinuz|<span style="font-family:Optima;">talk</span>]]) 16:03, 7 May 2024 (UTC)

::::::As a matter of fact, the movie is NOT behind paywall. https://www.ceskatelevize.cz/porady/10463665003-lsd-made-in-cssr/ ČT is a public TV, not a commercial one. This book gives a detailed account of the experiments outside military: https://www.knihydobrovsky.cz/e-kniha/lsd-vyzkum-a-klinicka-praxe-za-zeleznou-oponou-227839035 Would that be considered a reliable source? [[User:Barvinek|Barvinek]] ([[User talk:Barvinek|talk]]) 18:28, 7 May 2024 (UTC)
== Resistance and proscription ==
:::::::Ah, we can then use the documentary then (since there's lack of coverage in English sources). Yes, the book seems like a RS. --[[User:WikiLinuz|<span style="font-family:Optima;color:#292928;">'''Wiki'''<span style="color:red;">'''''Linuz'''''</span></span>]] ([[User_talk:WikiLinuz|<span style="font-family:Optima;">talk</span>]]) 18:46, 7 May 2024 (UTC)

[[History of LSD#Resistance and proscription]] is very, very POV at present. needs a rewrite imo --[[User:Kaini|Kaini]] 04:48, 13 November 2006 (UTC)

First paragraph detailing LSD's first synthesis was factually inaccurate, details have been changed to more accurately represent what actually happened

==Citations==
I have provided references for the facts flagged. Would anyone object to removing the banner claiming this article does not cite its sources? [[User:Turkeyphant|'''''<span style="color:#0808C8">Tu</span><span style="color:#0606BE">rk</span><span style="color: #040488">ey</span><span style="color:#020264">ph</span><span style="color:#000064">an</span>''''']][[User talk:Turkeyphant|<sup><big>t</big></sup>]] 22:24, 11 March 2007 (UTC)

==Neutrality of the article==
Under the section "Resistance and prohibition", underneath the quote it says: "They fail to mention that these "adverse reactions" are almost exclusively the result of a "psychedelic" dose", which seems as if the writer were offended by the conclusion which the government had come to. I suggest the paragraph be re-written in a more unbiased fashion, but if I'm wrong feel free to say why.

== Facetious sentence ==

Under "Resistance and prohibition," the following sentence is jocose: "There are no bad trips, only bad people." That is slightly funny -- I've sometimes thought about replying to someone's tentative "This is a stupid question..." with, "There are no stupid questions, only stupid people," -- but obviously any kind of contextual joke is out of place here. I'll delete the sentence shortly if no one rises to object. [[User:Dratman|Dratman]] 04:10, 1 October 2007 (UTC)

::No Objection. [[User:Wikidudeman|'''<font color="blue">Wikidudeman</font>''']] <sup>[[User talk:Wikidudeman|(talk)]]</sup> 12:24, 1 October 2007 (UTC)
:::Reminds me of a quote from [[Timothy Leary]] and [[Terence McKenna]]: "LSD is a drug that occasionally causes psychotic behavior in people who have not taken it." &mdash;[[User:Viriditas|Viriditas]] | [[User talk:Viriditas|Talk]] 01:01, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

== Bicycle Day ==
I removed the subsection titled "Bicycle day" as it was highly tangential. There is already an appropriate reference to "Bicycle Day" in the section titled "Discovery and history". [[User:TR166ER|TR166ER]] ([[User talk:TR166ER|talk]]) 15:26, 25 February 2008 (UTC)
:Tom Roberts should be cited as he coined this phrase [[User:Turkeyphant|'''''<span style="color:#0808C8">Tu</span><span style="color:#0606BE">rk</span><span style="color: #040488">ey</span><span style="color:#020264">ph</span><span style="color:#000064">an</span>''''']][[User talk:Turkeyphant|<sup><big>t</big></sup>]] 02:18, 12 December 2008 (UTC)

==Acid House in the 1990s==
wasn't that really all about the emergence of Ecstasy as a recreational drug? Not sure LSD had all that much to do with it (despite the name). There's no reference in the article for the claim. <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/82.69.214.14|82.69.214.14]] ([[User talk:82.69.214.14|talk]]) 18:11, 29 April 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

The Grateful Dead/Deadhead subculture of the 1980s represents a HUGE oversight here in the leap from the 1970s to the 1990s. Not only in terms of a resurgence in popularity but also a nationwide distribution chain, a targeted DEA campaign, hundreds of arrests, and controversy over mandatory minimum sentencing based on amounts of drugs that included the weight of the carrier medium. <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/174.21.223.188|174.21.223.188]] ([[User talk:174.21.223.188|talk]]) 05:23, 9 December 2009 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

== Psychiatric uses ==

The mention of UK psychiatric uses says, "but Dr Spencer was the last member of the medical staff to use it". Who's Dr Spencer? --[[User:Ashawley|Ashawley]] ([[User talk:Ashawley|talk]]) 16:01, 3 May 2008 (UTC)
:Needs to be added in: "After Dr Sandison left the hospital in 1964, medical superintendent Dr Arthur Spencer took over and used the drug until he retired in 1972." [[User:Turkeyphant|'''''<span style="color:#0808C8">Tu</span><span style="color:#0606BE">rk</span><span style="color: #040488">ey</span><span style="color:#020264">ph</span><span style="color:#000064">an</span>''''']][[User talk:Turkeyphant|<sup><big>t</big></sup>]] 02:19, 12 December 2008 (UTC)

== This article should be flagged for citations ==

I'm curious why there would not be a flag at the top of this article for citations, or at least in-text citations. The "Government Experiments" and "History" (of recreational use) sections are filled with claims that require citations, and there's not even a single citation in them. <small>—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Kellenwright|Kellenwright]] ([[User talk:Kellenwright|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kellenwright|contribs]]) 06:37, 11 June 2008 (UTC)</small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

== another citation needed, at least ==
"LSD overdose was suggested as a possible cause in the still-unsolved deaths of CSIRO scientists Dr Gilbert Bogle and his lover Dr Margaret Chandler, whose naked bodies were found beside the Lane Cove River in Sydney after a New Year's Eve party in on January 1, 1963."

This is an interesting claim. Suggested by whom? And why is it considered valid enough to include? Especially as there is little to no evidence anywhere that one CAN overdose on LSD in this manner. In addition, there are better, more data-based theories about these deaths. It appears that industrial pollution (hydrogen sulfide in particular, released from a body of water) is currently considered the most likely culprit.[[Special:Contributions/24.17.180.126|24.17.180.126]] ([[User talk:24.17.180.126|talk]]) 17:01, 21 October 2008 (UTC)
:Without a citation, this is just weasel words. [[User:Turkeyphant|'''''<span style="color:#0808C8">Tu</span><span style="color:#0606BE">rk</span><span style="color: #040488">ey</span><span style="color:#020264">ph</span><span style="color:#000064">an</span>''''']][[User talk:Turkeyphant|<sup><big>t</big></sup>]] 02:20, 12 December 2008 (UTC)

== Timothy Leary ==

"While it is true that Leary's experiments did not lead to any murders, he wilfully chose to ignore the bad trips which occurred, as well as the attempted suicide of a woman the day after she was given mescaline by Leary."

I think perhaps the second half of this sentence warrants a deletion. Not only does it put the neutrality of the article into question, but the article is about about LSD, not mescaline, which is an entirely different chemical altogether. All the statement does is call the character of Timothy Leary into question which is, at the least, irrelevant, if not biased. <span style="font-size: smaller;" class="autosigned">—Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[Special:Contributions/68.101.151.60|68.101.151.60]] ([[User talk:68.101.151.60|talk]]) 06:51, 13 January 2009 (UTC)</span><!-- Template:UnsignedIP --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

== Reversion of new additions ==

A very small explanation for my revert of new additions by [[User:Jasonstephensbrighton]] can be found [[User_talk:Jasonstephensbrighton#History of LSD|here]]. In almost every case, Jasonstephensbrighton added statements that were not supported by the sources, and then went on to add quotes to support these statements that were taken completely out of context. The strangest thing, is that not only were the statements themselves unsupported, but the quotes did not support the claims they were supposed to illustrate! This is some of the strangest editing I've seen in years. If anyone wants to discuss my reversion, I would be happy to explain in more detail. [[User:Viriditas|Viriditas]] ([[User talk:Viriditas|talk]]) 14:43, 11 May 2009 (UTC)

== Merge with LSD ==

Why is this a separate article? Should be a "History" section of the LSD article. Also sections on Aldous Huxley etc could just be links to the main pages of "notable individuals". Now there is a lot of repetition of information on different pages. [[User:Tova Hella|Tova Hella]] ([[User talk:Tova Hella|talk]]) 13:11, 5 September 2009 (UTC)
: I think the LSD article is already a bit long, but I've added a brief history section, which it really needed. --[[User:Utility Monster|Utility Monster]] ([[User talk:Utility Monster|talk]]) 04:09, 7 September 2009 (UTC)
:'''Oppose''' merge for above reason. New user needs to familiarize themselves with [[WP:SUMMARY]]. [[User:Viriditas|Viriditas]] ([[User talk:Viriditas|talk]]) 22:51, 11 September 2009 (UTC)
:'''Oppose''' I have changed my mind about this. Good that we now have a summary History section on the LSD mainpage.

== Name Change to "History of Serotonergic Psychedelics" ==

Would be nice to have a page on the history of [[serotonergic psychedelics]]. Most of the topics discussed here also apply to psilocybin, mescaline, etc. Examples:
* Hofmann also identified psilocybin and other natural psychedelics.
* Psychedelic psychiatrists also used mescaline, psilocybin, DPT, etc.
* Huxley wrote about mescaline (Doors of Perception) and mushrooms (Island).
* Leary was originally inspired by mushrooms and used psilocybin in the Good Friday Experiment.
* MKULTRA also tested other psychedelics.
* Drug prohibition laws affected other psychedelics together with LSD.
Furthermore, many important points are missed by focusing on LSD:
* Most scientific research (human, animal) since 1970 has used other psychedelics rather than LSD.
* The Western experience with mescaline, etc before LSD.
* Many recreational users now take psilocybin, etc rather than LSD.
* There is a 5000+ year old living tradition of ritualistic use of natural psychedelics.
The history of LSD makes more sense in the wider context of the history of serotonergic psychedelics. Right now this page is overly fixated on details from "The Sixties".
[[User:Tova Hella|Tova Hella]] ([[User talk:Tova Hella|talk]]) 11:54, 13 October 2009 (UTC)

== Vandalism ==

Someone had deleted Hoffman's blockquoted descriptions of its effects under the "Discovery" section and had replaced it with the text "LSD is highly addictive!!??!"

There was also a random, out-of-context insertion of "LSD is highly addictive" just before the sentence "He began to hypothesize..." under the "Psychiatric use" section.

Check the history for evidence of these problems. I've reverted these changes.

If people want to insert these lines, please insert them in the proper locations and have them properly sourced. [[Special:Contributions/168.122.246.173|168.122.246.173]] ([[User talk:168.122.246.173|talk]]) 09:53, 28 January 2010 (UTC)

== Cary Grant ==

Does Cary Grant really deserve the status of an influential individual in the history of LSD? His contribution may be notable, but he should hardly range among other people one would deem as influential. __[[User:Meco|meco]] ([[User talk:Meco|talk]]) 20:05, 20 February 2010 (UTC)

:He really does deserve the status. Think bout it - he is a "square" who endorses LSD in a "square" magazine as early as 1962. He was a respected household name who gave LSD a respected household name, right at the start of the phenomenon. -[[User:Chumchum7|Chumchum7]] ([[User talk:Chumchum7|talk]]) 20:19, 20 February 2010 (UTC)

::But was his statements noticed? Obviously a lot of people read Time magazine, however, I'm looking for some evaluation in retrospect that this was an important event. __[[User:Meco|meco]] ([[User talk:Meco|talk]]) 12:36, 21 February 2010 (UTC)

:::Time is a mass distribution, world magazine. They say the students he lectured to were 'fascinated' about his tale of LSD, and we all know that mass LSD use then started in Californian universities. That is enough for me. But we'll have to do a [[WP:3O]] if you're still not happy with it. -[[User:Chumchum7|Chumchum7]] ([[User talk:Chumchum7|talk]]) 15:11, 21 February 2010 (UTC)

::::Your reasoning smells of [[WP:SYNTH]] to me. I'm not going to press the issue though. Let's just wait and see if someone else weighs in their opinion. __[[User:Meco|meco]] ([[User talk:Meco|talk]]) 15:49, 21 February 2010 (UTC)

:::::Agreed - I always accept consensus. -[[User:Chumchum7|Chumchum7]] ([[User talk:Chumchum7|talk]]) 22:16, 21 February 2010 (UTC)

== [[Stephen Szara]] ==

This Hungarian psychiatrist seems to have been refused LSD by Sandoz in the 1950s, on grounds that Hungary was communist, according to the article on him. Can we get a cite for that and fold it in to this article? -[[User:Chumchum7|Chumchum7]] ([[User talk:Chumchum7|talk]]) 12:08, 26 February 2010 (UTC)


==Legal status in Czech Republic==
this was written in the timeline - "2010 Possession of drugs including LSD legalized in [[Czech Republic]]" but, it's false, so i deleted it. Posession of ''small amounts'' is not a crime (that is - a people won't go to jail for posession of small amounts, but may be fined.) The new 2010 law only states what does it mean "''small amount''" - a formerly undefined term and adds makes some more substrances illegal, so it's actually more restrictive. It's common error even among Czech people that this small amount is legal to posess since Jan 2010, but it is not - it's still trespass against law, like driving a car too fast.


::This may be a language problem. 'Possession' in anglophone legal terminology ''means'' small amounts. 'Possession' of cannabis is legal in the United Kingdom. -[[User:Chumchum7|Chumchum7]] ([[User talk:Chumchum7|talk]]) 16:08, 13 April 2010 (UTC)

== Timeline of psychoactive drugs and psychedelia ==

I removed the following from the article and bring it here for discussion. First, most of this is unreferenced. Second, a great deal of this has nothing to do with LSD, the subject of this article. What is relevant, and referenced, should be in the text of the article, not in a timeline like this. ---<font face="Georgia">'''[[User:RepublicanJacobite|<span style="color:#009900">RepublicanJacobite</span>]]'''<sub>''[[User talk:RepublicanJacobite|<span style="color:#006600">The'FortyFive'</span>]]''</sub></font> 20:53, 12 May 2010 (UTC)
<small><blockquote>
* 1874 [[Louis Lewin]] publishes first study of [[morphine]] intoxication
* 1886 [[Louis Lewin]] publishes first methodical analysis of the [[Peyote]] cactus
* 1897 [[Arthur Heffter]] discovers [[mescaline]] is the active principle in the [[peyote]] cactus
* 1898 [[Bayer]] starts supplying [[heroin]] to the general public
* 1904 [[Bayer]] starts supplying Veronal ([[Barbital]]) to the general public
* 1922 [[Aleister Crowley]] publishes [[Diary of a Drug Fiend]]
* 1924 United States Congress banns the sale, importation or manufacture of heroin
* 1928 [[Louis Lewin]] publishes his extensive survey of psychoactive plants, 'Phantastica'
* 1930 [[Witkacy]] publishes [[Insatiability]] and refers to the 'Murti-Bing' pill
* 1930 [[Aleister Crowley]] introduces [[Aldous Huxley]] to [[peyote]] {{Verify source|date=April 2010}}
* 1932 [[Witkacy]] publishes 'Narcotics' on the use of [[hallucinogens]] by artists, particularly [[peyote]]
* 1932 [[Aldous Huxley]] publishes [[Brave New World]] and refers to the '[[Soma]]' pill
* 1936 Robert J. Weitlaner researches Mexican [[magic mushrooms]]
* 1936 [[Reefer Madness]] produced in US
* 1938 LSD first synthesised by [[Albert Hofmann]] at [[Sandoz]] Laboratories, Switzerland
* 1939 [[Ololiuhqui]] research by Richard Evans Schultes
* 1939 [[Witkacy]] commits suicide with an overdose of Veronal ([[Barbital]])
* 1943 '[[Bicycle Day]]'
* 1946 [[William Sargant]] publishes 'An Introduction to Somatic Methods of Treatment in Psychiatry'
* 1947 Delysid distributed by Sandoz for worldwide psychiatric research
* 1950 LSD psychotherapy used with epileptic children in Poland
* 1950 First article about LSD appears in the American Psychiatric Journal
* 1951 Sandoz agrees exclusive contract with US Government to deliver 100&nbsp;grams of LSD a week, and not to supply communist countries
* 1951 [[Humphry Osmond]] moves his LSD psychotherapy research from London to a psychiatric hospital in Saskatchewan, Canada
* 1951 [[Alfred Matthew Hubbard|Alfred Hubbard]] takes LSD for the first time, starts to distribute it widely
* 1951 CIA starts mind control research into LSD in [[Project ARTICHOKE]], the forerunner of [[Project MK-ULTRA]]
* 1951 Outbreak of mass psychosis at [[Pont-Saint-Esprit]], France effects 500 people and causes 5 deaths <ref name="prweb.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.prweb.com/releases/A_Terrible_Mistake/Albarelli/prweb3549024.htm |title=French Government Queries U.S. State Dept. about LSD Attack, Prompted by New Book Release |publisher=Prweb.com |date= |accessdate=2010-04-20}}</ref>
* 1952 [[Ernst Junger]] publishes 'Visit to Godenholm' after taking LSD with Hoffman
* 1952 Ronald Sandison visits Hoffman at Sandoz and then starts LSD testing and psychotherapy with psychiatric patients at [[Powick Hospital]], UK
* 1952 In [[Project ARTICHOKE]] George Hunter White begins administering LSD to unwitting U.S. citizens at a CIA brothel in [[Greenwich Village]]
* 1953 [[William S. Burroughs]] publishes [[Junkie (novel)|Junkie]]
* 1953 Humphry Osmond supplies [[Aldous Huxley]] with his first dose of [[mescaline]]
* 1953 [[William Sargant]] starts LSD research for [[MI6]] at [[Porton Down]], and associates with [[Frank Olson]], [[Donald Ewen Cameron]] and [[Project ARTICHOKE]]
* 1953 [[Frank Olson]] dies in [[Project ARTICHOKE]], renamed [[Project MK-ULTRA]]
* 1953 [[Sidney Gottlieb]] becomes head of [[Project MK-ULTRA]], with six percent of the CIA total budget, estimated $10 million per year without oversight or accounting
* 1954 Aldous Huxley publishes [[The Doors of Perception]]
* 1954 [[Project MK-ULTRA]] funds [[Eli Lilly and Company|Lilly]] (the future producer of [[Prozac]]) to synthesizes LSD, ending US dependence on Sandoz <ref>{{cite web|author=Charles Groenendijk |url=http://www.antidepressantsfacts.com/Bush-Lilly-CIA-serotonin.htm |title=Eli Lilly, Zyprexa & The Bush Family (& the CIA MK-ULTRA LSD experiments) |publisher=AntidepressantsFacts |date= |accessdate=2010-04-20}}</ref>
* 1954 First article about LSD therapy in [[Time Magazine]]
* 1954 [[Oscar Janiger]] starts LSD testing on students at [[University of California, Irvine|UCI]]
* 1955 [[Christopher Mayhew]] MP (a friend of Humphrey Osmond) is filmed in a mescaline test and writes of his experience in [[The Observer]]
* 1955 [[Time Magazine]] reports on psychiatrist Harold A. Abramson serving LSD at dinner parties in [[Manhattan]] <ref>{{cite news|author=Monday, Dec. 19, 1955 |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,861768-2,00.html |title=Medicine: Artificial Psychoses |publisher=TIME |date=1955-12-19 |accessdate=2010-04-20}}</ref>
* 1955 Alfred Hubbard supplies Aldous Huxley with his first dose of LSD
* 1955 10 October 'The Splintered Man' by M. E. Chaber ([[Kendell Foster Crossen]]) copyrighted <ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=QRohAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA994&lpg=PA994&dq=%22The+Splintered+Man%22+by+M.+E.+Chamber&source=bl&ots=igjvdhsLji&sig=elGl-FqlG_EHT12wPKCWVEE0CCE&hl=en&ei=5oaFS5D6DcSOjAfli8SJAg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CAkQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=%22The%20Splintered%20Man%22%20by%20M.%20E.%20Chamber&f=false |title=Catalog of Copyright Entries. Third ... - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.com |date= |accessdate=2010-04-20}}</ref>
* 1955 LSD first mentioned on film: US TV series 'Science Fiction Theatre' Season 1, Episode 26 "The Human Equation"
* 1956 [[Project MK-ULTRA]] opens [[Subproject 22]] to use the 'Geschickter Fund for Medical Research' as [[Cut-out (espionage)|cutout]] for research into [[morning glory]]
* 1956 LSD psychotherapy program starts in Prague, [[Czechoslovakia]] <ref name="maps.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.maps.org/news-letters/v17n1-html/lsd_in_prague-long_term_followup_study.html |title=MAPS bulletin - volume xvii - number 1 - spring/summer 2007 - "The Chrysalis Stage" - LSD in Prague: A Long-Term Follow-Up Study |publisher=Maps.org |date= |accessdate=2010-04-20}}</ref>
* 1957 [[Stephen Szara]] publishes 'The comparison of the psychotic effect of tryptamine derivatives with the effects of mescaline and LSD-25 in self-experiments.'
* 1957 [[William Sargant]] publishes 'Battle for the Mind: The Mechanics of Indoctrination, Brainwashing & Thought Control'
* 1957 [[Project MK-ULTRA]] starts funding [[Donald Ewen Cameron]]'s research into [[psychic driving]] at [[Montreal]]'s [[Allan Memorial Institute]] of [[McGill University]]
* 1957 'The Splintered Man' by M. E. Chaber ([[Kendell Foster Crossen]]) published: first novel to mention LSD and LSD research in [[Project MK-ULTRA]]
* 1957 First article about Mexican [[magic mushrooms]] in [[Life Magazine]] by [[R. Gordon Wasson]]
* 1958 Inspired by R. Gordon Wasson's report, Albert Hoffman isolates [[psilocybin]] and Sandoz begins distribution
* 1958 [[Powick Hospital]] starts a dedicated LSD psychotherapy department
* 1958 [[Oscar Janiger]] starts testing the effect of LSD on writers, artists and composers
* 1958 [[Cary Grant]] starts taking LSD during psychotherapy
* 1958 [[Alfred Hitchcock]]'s [[psychological thriller]] [[Vertigo (film)|Vertigo]] includes an extended psychedelic sequence
* 1958 'Psychedelic Chemistry' published in 'Chemical Abstracts' 52, 11965c, with recipes for psychoactive drugs
* 1958 [[How to Speak Hip]] has lines 'Life is not without its acids, man. Know what I mean?';'It's uncool to let anyone know your uncle is a registered pharmacist'<ref>{{cite web|url=http://audio.skeyelab.com/howtospeakhip/ |title=How to Speak Hip - Skeyelab Music |publisher=Audio.skeyelab.com |date= |accessdate=2010-04-20}}</ref>
* 1959 [[Ken Kesey]] participates in LSD testing at Stanford University as part of [[Project MK-ULTRA]]
* 1959 10th Josiah Macy Conference on LSD
* 1959 [[Allen Ginsberg]] first takes LSD
* 1960 [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native Americans]] given statutory freedom of [[peyote]] use for religious reasons
* 1960 [[Timothy Leary]] follows R. Gordon Wasson's research into Mexican [[magic mushrooms]], travels to Mexico and starts the Harvard Psylocybin Project
* 1960 [[Time Magazine]] reports on the use of LSD in [[Hollywood]] <ref name="search.time.com">{{cite news| url=http://search.time.com/results.html?D=lsd&sid=126EC7303C9A&Ntt=lsd&Ntk=WithBody2009&Ntx=mode+matchallpartial%2bsnip%2bp_body%3a25&Ns=p_date_range|0&N=0&Nty=1 | work=Time | date=1944-04-03 | accessdate=2010-05-04}}</ref>
* 1961 Terry Taylor publishes 'Baron's Court, all change', first British novel to mention LSD
* 1961 Humphrey Osmond publishes his report on psychedelic experiences at a [[Native American Church]] [[peyote]] ritual
* 1961 [[Michael Hollingshead]] introduces Timothy Leary to LSD
* 1962 [[Cary Grant]] endorses LSD psychotherapy in [[Time Magazine]] and says he has lectured on its benefits to students at [[UCLA]]<ref name="search.time.com"/>
* 1962 The Gamblers release a track named [[LSD-25]]
* 1962 [[FDA]] makes first LSD bust
* 1962 [[Conrad Rooks]] attends [[Deep Sleep Therapy]] after 7 years of drug abuse including LSD
* 1962 Timothy Leary supplies LSD to [[John F. Kennedy]]'s lover [[Mary Pinchot Meyer]], ex-wife of CIA agent [[Cord Meyer]] <ref>Nina Burleigh, ''A Very Private Woman: The Life and Unsolved Murder of Presidential Mistress Mary Meyer'', New York: Bantam Books, 1998, p. 212.</ref> Meyer and Kennedy take LSD together <ref name="spart">spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk, ''[http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/JFKmeyerM.htm Mary Pinchot Meyer]''. Retrieved 1 March 2008.</ref>
* 1962 [[Zihuatanejo Project]] starts
* 1962 [[Marsh Chapel Experiment]]
* 1962 Ken Kesey publishes '[[One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (novel)|One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest]]', the success of which funds his '[[Acid Tests]]'
* 1963 Timothy Leary is fired from Harvard
* 1963 John F. Kennedy is assassinated
* 1963 Aldous Huxley dies, his last request is a dose of LSD
* 1963 [[William Burroughs]] and [[Allen Ginsberg]] publish [[The Yage Letters]]
* 1963 Sandoz patents on LSD expire
* 1963 [[Owsley Stanley]] drops out of [[University of California, Berkeley]] and starts producing home-made LSD
* 1964 [[Richard Blum (writer)|Richard Blum]] publishes 'Utopiates: The Use & Users of LSD-25'
* 1964 Owsley's lab raided by police looking for [[methamphetamine]] but nothing illegal found. Owsley moves to [[L.A.]] to concentrate on LSD production
* 1964 Psychiatrist Sidney Cohen publishes 'The Beyond Within: the LSD Story' and warns about 'beatnik microculture' threatening LSD research
* 1964 Timothy Leary publishes '[[The Psychedelic Experience: A Manual Based on the Tibetan Book of the Dead]]' on [[set and setting]]; dedicated to Aldous Huxley
* 1964 Ken Kesey and The [[Merry Pranksters]] distribute LSD across the U.S. in '[[Further (bus)|Further]]', finally taking it to the [[World Fair]] in New York
* 1964 Mary Pinchot Meyer is assassinated
* 1965 [[Tom Wolfe]] publishes [[The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline Baby]]
* 1965 In April and May Owsley Stanley produces 300,000 capsules of LSD (at 270 micrograms each) and returns to the [[San Francisco Bay Area]] to distribute them
* 1965 The Psychedelic Shop - the first of its kind - opens in San Francisco
* 1965 [[The Doors]] name themselves after Huxley's book. [[The Grateful Dead]], [[Big Brother and the Holding Company]], [[Jefferson Airplane]] also formed in California
* 1965 Sandoz cancels shipments of LSD to United States
* 1965 With 5000 doses of LSD and instructions from Leary, Michael Hollingshead opens the World Psychedelic Centre, London
* 1965 [[The Beatles]] take LSD in London with dentist John Riley, supplied by Hollingshead. Then in California with [[The Byrds]] and [[Peter Fonda]], refer to it in 'Help!'
* 1965 CIA's San Francisco brothels in the [[Operation Midnight Climax]] section of Project MK-ULTRA are closed
* 1965 Owsley becomes The Merry Pranksters' main supplier of LSD
* 1965 Merry Prankster 'Acid Tests' in [[Santa Cruz, California|Santa Cruz]], [[San Jose, California|San Jose]], [[Palo Alto, California|Palo Alto]], [[Portland, Oregon|Portland]], [[San Francisco]] <ref name="pranksterweb.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.pranksterweb.org/tripsprogram.htm |title=Merry Prankster History Project |publisher=Pranksterweb.org |date= |accessdate=2010-04-20}}</ref>
* 1965 Granny Takes a Trip boutique opens, London
* 1965 [[The Pretty Things]] produce a song entitled 'LSD'
* 1966 [[Chappaqua (film)|Chappaqua]] produced by [[Conrad Rooks]] in the US
* 1966 [[Hallucination Generation]] produced in the US
* 1966 Czechoslovakia starts producing its own LSD <ref name="maps.org"/>
* 1966 The Trips Festival in [[Haight-Ashbury]]<ref name="pranksterweb.org"/>
* 1966 CIA's New York brothel in the Operation Midnight Climax section of Project MK-ULTRA is closed
* 1966 Owsley becomes [[The Grateful Dead]]'s main supplier of LSD, and they recruit him as their [[sound man]]
* 1966 Watts Acid Test
* 1966 [[Life Magazine]] has LSD as its cover story <ref>{{cite web|author=LIFE Magazine |url=http://www.psychedelic-library.org/magazines/lifelsd.htm |title=LSD - Cover |publisher=Psychedelic-library.org |date= |accessdate=2010-04-20}}</ref>
* 1966 [[Owsley Stanley]] and [[Tim Scully]] produce purer LSD at a factory in [[Port of Richmond, California|Port Richmond]], California
* 1966 Timothy Leary founds the [[League for Spiritual Discovery]], a religion with LSD as its holy sacrament
* 1966 LSD is criminalized in California
* 1967 The [[Human Be-In]] at [[San Francisco]]'s [[Golden Gate Park]] attended by 20,000-30,000 people. Illegal LSD named "White Lightning" supplied by Owsley Stanley
* 1967 Owsley Stanley arrested and sentenced to three years in jail
* 1967 The Beatles release [[Sergeant Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band]] and [[The Beach Boys]] cancel [[Smile (The Beach Boys album)|Smile]]
* 1967 On June 18, [[Paul McCartney]] tells a TV journalist he has taken LSD "about four times"
* 1967 Robert E. Brown publishes 'The Psychedelic Guide to Preparation of the Eucharist' with a recipe for LSD
* 1968 [[Tom Wolfe]] publishes [[The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test]]
* 1968 Tim Scully and [[Nicholas Sand]] start start a new factory producing "Orange Sunshine", a mix of LSD and [[ALD-52]]
* 1969 [[Woodstock Festival]] attended by 400,000 people
* 1970 Timothy Leary convicted and jailed, but escapes 7 months later and flees to [[Afghanistan]]
* 1971 United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances criminalizes LSD worldwide
* 1972 LSD psychotherapy discontinued at [[Powick Hospital]]
* 1973 Indictment of Tim Scully and Nick Sand
* 1973 CIA Director [[Richard Helms]] orders all MK-ULTRA files destroyed
* 1974 LSD psychotherapy discontinued in Czechoslovakia
* 1974 ''[[The New York Times]]'' reports CIA conducted illegal LSD experiments in [[Project MK-ULTRA]]. Followed by [[Church Committee]] and [[United States President's Commission on CIA activities within the United States|Rockefeller Commission]].
* 1975 [[Steve Jobs]] takes [[LSD]], later describing it as "one of the two or three most important things [he had] done in [his] life."<ref name="WhatTheDormouseSaid">{{cite book|last=Markoff|first=John|authorlink=John Markoff|year=2005|title=[[What the Dormouse Said: How the 60s Counterculture Shaped the Personal Computer Industry]]|publisher=The Penguin Group|id=pg. xviii-xix|isbn=0-670-03382-0}}</ref>
* 1977 U.S. Senate hearing on MKULTRA
* 1994 [[Bill Gates]] refuses to deny he has taken LSD<ref name="huffingtonpost.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ryan-grim/read-the-never-before-pub_b_227887.html |title=Ryan Grim: Read the Never-Before-Published Letter From LSD-Inventor Albert Hofmann to Apple CEO Steve Jobs |publisher=Huffingtonpost.com |date= |accessdate=2010-04-20}}</ref>
* 2002 British government compensates former [[Powick Hospital]] patients who had undergone LSD therapy
* 2005 [[John Markoff]] publishes 'What the Dormouse Said: How the 60s Counterculture Shaped the Personal Computer'
* 2006 British government compensates 3 former servicemen who underwent [[William Sargant]]'s LSD testing for [[MI6]] at [[Porton Down]] from 1953<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/4745748.stm |title=UK &#124; MI6 payouts over secret LSD tests |publisher=BBC News |date=2006-02-24 |accessdate=2010-04-20}}</ref>
* 2007 [[The Lancet]] says LSD, [[MDMA]] and [[cannabis]] are less addictive and less physically harmful than [[alcohol]]
* 2007 [[Albert Hofmann]] asks [[Steve Jobs]] to "help in the transformation of my problem child into a wonderchild"<ref name="huffingtonpost.com"/>
* 2008 [[Amanda Feilding]] makes Albert Hoffman a deathbed pledge to ensure LSD is rehabilitated. Albert Hoffman dies.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web|url=http://www.maps.org/sys/nq.pl?id=2222&fmt=page |title=Charity pushes for LSD use in medicine By Andrew Jack |publisher=Maps.org |date=2010-02-12 |accessdate=2010-04-20}}</ref>
* 2009 [[BBC]] investigation into [[William Sargant]]'s mind control experiments<ref>{{cite web|url=http://speechification.com/2009/04/06/revealing-the-mind-bender-general/ |title=Revealing the Mind Bender General |publisher=Speechification |date=2009-04-06 |accessdate=2010-04-20}}</ref>
* 2010 Possession of drugs including LSD legalized in [[Czech Republic]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.prague-guide.co.uk/news/2010/01/19/drug-possession-legalized-in-the-czech-republic.html |title=Drug Possession Legalized in the Czech Republic |publisher=Prague-guide.co.uk |date=2010-01-19 |accessdate=2010-04-20}}</ref>
* 2010 [[The Financial Times]] reports that The [[Beckley Foundation]] is trying to rehabilitate LSD <ref name="autogenerated1"/>
* 2010 French government requests US information on the 1951 [[Pont-Saint-Esprit]] incident<ref name="prweb.com"/></blockquote></small>

== Fingertip absorption ==

The "Discovery" section states that "While re-synthesizing LSD, he accidentally touched it with his fingers, and unknowingly touched his fingers to his mouth (he believed that he absorbed it through his fingers, but we now know that that is impossible).[4]" Is there any evidence that the parenthetical assertion is accurate/substantiated? The citation following the sentence leads to an article (from the BBC) which actually indicates that "Mr Hofmann ingested some of the drug through his fingertips." If there is no source for the "we now know that that is impossible," I advocate for its deletion. Can anyone corroborate/verify?
[[User:CaptJJYossarian|CaptJJYossarian]] ([[User talk:CaptJJYossarian|talk]]) 15:25, 28 May 2011 (UTC)

Dr. Hofmann's own account states that he was unsure how he came in direct contact with LSD since he is meticulous with regards to neat work habbits. He states it might have been possible that a small portion came in contact with his fingertips during the purification and crystallization phase. However, there is no clear evidence to suggest it did. During this time he is also unsure if the solution he made was the cause of his visions. It is not until he begins self-testing and takes the solution orally...
:"4/19/43 16:20: 0.5 cc of 1/2 promil aqueous solution of diethylamide tartrate orally = 0.25 mg tartrate. Taken diluted with about 10 cc water. Tasteless." -Lab notebook
that he fully confirms the effects of LSD-25.
Hofmann's book, LSD — My Problem Child, should be the primary reference for this section since it is his own personal account, including his laboratory notebook, of LSD's discovery. The BBC news article should not be used as a source given its limited information and lack of sources. A reference, not a viable replacement for the book, can be found here: http://www.hallucinogens.com/hofmann/child1.htm [[Special:Contributions/75.43.214.60|75.43.214.60]] ([[User talk:75.43.214.60|talk]]) 05:47, 23 December 2012 (UTC)

== External links modified ==

Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to {{plural:1|one external link|1 external links}} on [[History of lysergic acid diethylamide]]. Please take a moment to review [https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?diff=prev&oldid=698956364 my edit]. If necessary, add {{tlx|cbignore}} after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add {{tlx|nobots|deny{{=}}InternetArchiveBot}} to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
*Added archive https://web.archive.org/20090108051936/http://skeptically.org/recres/id8.html to http://skeptically.org/recres/id8.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the ''checked'' parameter below to '''true''' to let others know.

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Cheers.—[[User:Cyberbot II|<sup style="color:green;font-family:Courier">cyberbot II]]<small><sub style="margin-left:-14.9ex;color:green;font-family:Comic Sans MS">[[User talk:Cyberbot II|<span style="color:green">Talk to my owner]]:Online</sub></small> 08:51, 9 January 2016 (UTC)

== History ==

This is a grand article and it is always a pleasure to see all the hard work that is put into creating these pages. It seems however that the history of the modern chemists that put forth so much effort into developing this medication, studying it, bringing forth new intermediates, and pioneering more cost effective and faster reactions have faded from the memory of the world while the older generation of chemists get all the credit. Some of these chemist even gave up their freedom in order to promote understanding of the nature of this substance in a time when research groups would not touch the topic. I see the mention of Tim Skully but it was actually Nicholas Sand that was the true chemist that engineered the reactions used, and it was ALD-52 Skully was promoting not LSD proof via court records where it was argued that ALD-52 may degrade into LSD or that LSD as an intermediate may have been used to establish a conviction. What ever happened with the chemist Dr William Henderson known by many of his collegues as Dr Flowerchild throughtout the world, it's as if he simply vanished. His contribution alone is worth mentioning due to developing hundreds of intermediates and argon nitrogen innert reactions that now find themselves being used in the academic and pharmaceutical structures of society, the same society that seeks to hide his existence and donation to science by stiking his impact from any record in history because of his conflict against justice for the sake of science and his ties of helping promote and develop the Electric Daisy Carnival in order to provide a psychedelic testing ground for his therapeutic research upon willing participants. Casey Hardison, although a small contributor as a chemist is still very much like all the others whom risked everything to bring this substance to the world and for us to gain insight into its structure. David Nichols is also very much worth the respect to mention from Pardue University whom has been granted, by the federal government, the ability to be apart of the first United States Colleges to began testing the medication once again since it was deemed illegal. Without these hidden away chemists there would not be a movement to push for therapeutics during the time span from the 80s to the new millennium when the benefits of this substance was most suppressed.
Agreed, there is somewhat of a history mentioned but it would seem that some expounding upon the topic should be desired for the sake of academic research assistance for all whom seek to explor this feild of study and to simply reward the more modern chemists in words for their contributions to science that has brought about a new generation that now has the tools to produce better therapeutic applications for this medication resultant only because of the unmentioned historical chemists denied by this article. If this comment is not signed properly I will do better next time, thanks and please feel free to add to this conversation please, all comments and criticism is welcomed and I will be more than happy to help in providing sources for what is claimed. simpletruths--[[User:Simpletruths|Simpletruths]] ([[User talk:Simpletruths|talk]]) 04:24, 17 January 2016 (UTC)

Another idea is links added for the additional chemist to their own pages to keep this page uncluttered, or continue on with listing the more individuals as the page already does. <small><span class="autosigned">—&nbsp;Preceding [[Wikipedia:Signatures|unsigned]] comment added by [[User:Simpletruths|Simpletruths]] ([[User talk:Simpletruths|talk]] • [[Special:Contributions/Simpletruths|contribs]]) 02:19, 18 January 2016 (UTC)</span></small><!-- Template:Unsigned --> <!--Autosigned by SineBot-->

Latest revision as of 14:43, 30 October 2024

Research in Czechoslovakia

[edit]

I contributed a paragraph on the use in Czechoslovakia, but it got deleted completely. I believe it is very relevant because it was one of the few countries that produced it's own LSD and the research done for military, medical and experimental purposes was quite extensive and is well documented, for which I provided 4 different sources from reliable media, and certainly more could be found in literature I don't currently have access to. This was argued by User:WikiLinuz who deleted the text to not in fact be reliable sources, but I disagree with that judgement. Furthermore, I also disagree with the judgement of it being WP:UNDUE as I think it's comparable in significance and extent to e.g. the mkultra research and my text had comparable volume and I consider the judgement of it being undue to be an instance of Americentrism. My paragraph was free of opinion claims, it only provided a summary of events. I would thus like it to return the text in some form. Please tell me in more detail how it should be modified so that it's more acceptable. Barvinek (talk) 10:04, 7 May 2024 (UTC)[reply]

The MIT press source the only reliable source on your addition. I'm not against adding the material about Czechoslovakia, but it should be properly sourced. The MIT source is mainly about LSD's application in psychedelic therapy (which I have no problem with), but significant amount of the content you added is about military usage (which the MIT source doesn't talk about). So you should add reliable sources particularly regarding LSD experimentation in the military (and by the communists). --WikiLinuz (talk) 11:13, 7 May 2024 (UTC)[reply]
So, do I understand it correctly, if I provide sources that you would consider more reliable, you would find the text itself acceptable? Does the language of the source affect how reliable is it considered for English wikipedia? Or do you also see other issues with it? Barvinek (talk) 12:02, 7 May 2024 (UTC)[reply]
Yeah. As long as the source itself is reliable, it can still be used. Though English sources are preferred if available. See WP:NONENG. --WikiLinuz (talk) 13:31, 7 May 2024 (UTC)[reply]
Why exactly is a documentary movie that literally shows the people doing the research themselves recollecting the events and literally showing footage from the military research with an official military commentary considered "not reliable source"? Barvinek (talk) 15:43, 7 May 2024 (UTC)[reply]
If you're talking about ceskatelevize, it's really hard to WP:VERIFY since it's behind a paywall. There's no policy against including video sources (including paywalled sources), but if the subject really is well-covered, you shouldn't have trouble finding text sources (like books, etc.) covering this. --WikiLinuz (talk) 16:03, 7 May 2024 (UTC)[reply]
As a matter of fact, the movie is NOT behind paywall. https://www.ceskatelevize.cz/porady/10463665003-lsd-made-in-cssr/ ČT is a public TV, not a commercial one. This book gives a detailed account of the experiments outside military: https://www.knihydobrovsky.cz/e-kniha/lsd-vyzkum-a-klinicka-praxe-za-zeleznou-oponou-227839035 Would that be considered a reliable source? Barvinek (talk) 18:28, 7 May 2024 (UTC)[reply]
Ah, we can then use the documentary then (since there's lack of coverage in English sources). Yes, the book seems like a RS. --WikiLinuz (talk) 18:46, 7 May 2024 (UTC)[reply]
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