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{{Short description|Islamic salutatory prayer to God}}
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'''''Ziyarat Ashura''''' ({{lang-ar|زیارة عاشوراء}}) is an [[Islam]]ic [[Dua|salutatory prayer]] to God. The prayer is part of the liturgy used in [[ziyarat|pilgrimages]] to the [[Imam Husayn Shrine|shrine of Husayn]] in [[Karbala]]. [[Muhammad al-Baqir]], Prophet's descendant and the fifth Shia [[The Twelve Imams|Imam]], recommended reciting ''Ziyarat Ashura'' on [[Day of Ashura|Ashura]] while facing Karbala, as a symbolic visit to the shrine.<ref>{{cite book|first=Ingvild |last=Flaskerud |title=Visualizing Belief and Piety in Iranian Shiism |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fH1pvM0AdNIC&pg=PA205 |year=2010 |publisher=Continuum International Publishing Group |page=205 |isbn=978-1-4411-4907-7}}</ref>
'''''Ziyarat Ashura''''' ({{langx|ar|زیارة عاشوراء}}) is an [[Islam]]ic [[Dua|salutatory prayer]] to God. The prayer is part of the liturgy used in [[ziyarat|pilgrimages]] to the [[Imam Husayn Shrine|shrine of Husayn]] in [[Karbala]]. [[Muhammad al-Baqir]], Prophet's descendant and the fifth Shia [[The Twelve Imams|Imam]], recommended reciting ''Ziyarat Ashura'' on [[Day of Ashura|Ashura]] while facing Karbala, as a symbolic visit to the shrine.<ref>{{cite book|first=Ingvild |last=Flaskerud |title=Visualizing Belief and Piety in Iranian Shiism |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fH1pvM0AdNIC&pg=PA205 |year=2010 |publisher=Continuum International Publishing Group |page=205 |isbn=978-1-4411-4907-7}}</ref>


==Etymology==
==Etymology==
In Islam, a ''[[ziyarat|ziyārah]]'' ({{lang-ar|زیارة}}) is a visit to the tomb of a saint or other holy person, such as the Islamic prophet [[Muhammad]] or [[Husayn ibn Ali|Imam Husayn]].<ref name=britannica>{{cite web|title=Ziyārah|url=http://www.britannica.com/topic/ziyarah|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=15 November 2015}}</ref>
In Islam, a ''[[ziyarat|ziyārah]]'' ({{langx|ar|زیارة}}) is a visit to the tomb of a saint or other holy person, such as the Islamic prophet [[Muhammad]] or [[Husayn ibn Ali|Imam Husayn]].<ref name=britannica>{{cite web|title=Ziyārah|url=http://www.britannica.com/topic/ziyarah|publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=15 November 2015}}</ref>


''[[Day of Ashura|‘Āshūrā’]]'' ({{lang-ar|عاشوراء}}), literally "tenth", is a holiday and a day of grief for the Muslims, falling on 10 Muharram of the [[Islamic calendar]]. The Martyrdom of [[Husayn ibn Ali]] and his family members and his associate (72 Martyrs) during the [[Battle of Karbala]] is commemorated on this day.<ref name="ashura"/><ref name="Al-HaqqaniKabbani2002">{{cite book|author1=Shaykh Adil Al-Haqqani |author2=Shaykh Hisham Kabbani |title=The Path to Spiritual Excellence |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mzpV0QnOVxsC&pg=PA45 |date=July 2002 |publisher=ISCA |isbn=978-1-930409-18-7 |page=45}}</ref>
''[[Day of Ashura|‘Āshūrā’]]'' ({{langx|ar|عاشوراء}}), literally "tenth", is a holiday and a day of grief for the Muslims, falling on 10 Muharram of the [[Islamic calendar]]. The Martyrdom of [[Husayn ibn Ali]] and his family members and his associate (72 Martyrs) during the [[Battle of Karbala]] is commemorated on this day.<ref name="ashura"/><ref name="Al-HaqqaniKabbani2002">{{cite book|author1=Shaykh Adil Al-Haqqani |author2=Shaykh Hisham Kabbani |title=The Path to Spiritual Excellence |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mzpV0QnOVxsC&pg=PA45 |date=July 2002 |publisher=ISCA |isbn=978-1-930409-18-7 |page=45}}</ref>


==Sources==
==Sources==
[[File:First page of Ziyarat Ashura.png|thumbnail|left|First page of Ziyarat Ashura]]
[[File:First page of Ziyarat Ashura.png|thumbnail|left|First page of Ziyarat Ashura]]
''Ziyarat Ashura'' is attributed to [[Muhammad al-Baqir]], the fifth Shia Imam, who transmitted it to his followers.<ref name="ashura">{{cite book|title=Ziyarat and Prayers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kask_gldR4oC&pg=PA36 |publisher=Sohale Sizar |pages=36 |id=GGKEY:0T3B3DGQCGJ}}</ref> The prayer is found in [[Hadith#Terminology: admissible and inadmissible hadiths|sacred hadith]] narrated in particular by [[Shaykh Tusi]] in ''Misbah al-Mutahajjid'' and by Ibn Qulawayh in ''Kamil al-Ziyarat'':<ref>{{cite book|last=Khalfan |first=Muhammad |title=The Sacred Effusion |publisher=The World Federation of Khoja Shia Ithna-Asheri Muslim Communities |url=http://www.al-islam.org/the-sacred-effusion-reflections-on-ziyarat-ashura-volume-1-shaykh-muhammad-khalfan/source-ziyarat-}}</ref> The prayer is also referenced in ''[[Bihar al-Anwar]]'' by [[Allamah al-Majlisi]] and ''[[Mafatih al-Jinan]]'' by [[Abbas Qumi]].<ref name="ashura" />
''Ziyarat Ashura'' is attributed to [[Muhammad al-Baqir]], the fifth Shia Imam, who transmitted it to his followers.<ref name="ashura">{{cite book|title=Ziyarat and Prayers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kask_gldR4oC&pg=PA36 |publisher=Sohale Sizar |pages=36 |id=GGKEY:0T3B3DGQCGJ}}</ref> The prayer is found in [[Hadith#Terminology: admissible and inadmissible hadiths|sacred hadith]] narrated in particular by [[Shaykh Tusi]] in ''Misbah al-Mutahajjid'' and by Ibn Qulawayh in ''Kamil al-Ziyarat'':<ref>{{cite book|last=Khalfan |first=Muhammad |title=The Sacred Effusion |date=15 February 2013 |publisher=The World Federation of Khoja Shia Ithna-Asheri Muslim Communities |url=http://www.al-islam.org/the-sacred-effusion-reflections-on-ziyarat-ashura-volume-1-shaykh-muhammad-khalfan/source-ziyarat-}}</ref> The prayer is also referenced in ''[[Bihar al-Anwar]]'' by [[Allamah al-Majlisi]] and ''[[Mafatih al-Jinan]]'' by [[Abbas Qumi]].<ref name="ashura" />


==Contents==
==Contents==
''Ziyarat Ashura'' contains concepts like ''[[tabarra]]'' (dissociating from those who oppose God, oppose [[Muhammad]] or oppose his family), ''[[tawalla]]'' (loving the [[Ahl al-Bayt]]), self-sacrifice for society, and never surrendering to tyranny and oppression.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.al-islam.org/torch-perpetual-guidance-expose-ziyarat-ashura-ali-asghar-azizi-tehrani/ziyarat-imam-husayn#why-ziyarat-%E2%80%98ashura |title=The Torch of Perpetual Guidance, an Exposé on Ziyarat Ashura of al-Imam al-Husayn b. Ali |author1=Azizi Tehrani |author2=Ali Asghar |translator=Saleem Bhimji}}</ref>
''Ziyarat Ashura'' contains concepts like ''[[tabarra]]'' (dissociating from those who oppose God, oppose [[Muhammad]] or oppose his family), ''[[tawalla]]'' (loving the [[Ahl al-Bayt]]), self-sacrifice for society, and never surrendering to tyranny and oppression.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://www.al-islam.org/torch-perpetual-guidance-expose-ziyarat-ashura-ali-asghar-azizi-tehrani/ziyarat-imam-husayn#why-ziyarat-%E2%80%98ashura |title=The Torch of Perpetual Guidance, an Exposé on Ziyarat Ashura of al-Imam al-Husayn b. Ali |author1=Azizi Tehrani |author2=Ali Asghar |date=21 November 2021 |translator=Saleem Bhimji}}</ref>
==Arabic text of Ziarat Ashura==
السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يا أَبا عَبْدِ اللهِ، السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يابْنَ رَسُولِ الله، السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يابْنَ أَمِيرِ المُؤْمِنِينَ وَابْنَ سَيِّدِ الوَصِيِّينَ، السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يابْنَ فاطِمَةَ سَيِّدَةِ نِساءِ العالَمِينَ، السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ ياثارَ الله وَابْنَ ثارِهِ وَالوِتْرَ المَوتُورَ، السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ وَعَلى الاَرْواحِ الَّتِي حَلَّتْ بِفِنائِكَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنِّي جَميعاً سَلامُ الله أَبَداً مابَقِيتُ وَبَقِيَ اللَيْلُ وَالنَّهارُ يا أَبا عَبْدِ الله لَقَدْ عَظُمَتِ الرَّزِيَّةُ وَجَلّتْ وَعَظُمَتِ المُصِيبَةُ بِكَ عَلَيْنا وَعَلى جَمِيعِ أَهْلِ الإسْلامِ، وَجَلَّتْ وَعَظُمَتْ مُصِيبَتُكَ فِي السَّماواتِ عَلى جَمِيعِ أَهْلِ السَّماواتِ، فَلَعَنَ الله اُمَّةً أَسَّسَتْ أَساسَ الظُّلْمِ وَالجَوْرِ عَلَيْكُمْ أَهْلَ البَيْتِ، وَلَعَنَ الله اُمَّةً دَفَعَتْكُمْ عَنْ مَقامِكُمْ وَأَزالَتْكُمْ عَنْ مَراتِبكُمُ الَّتِي رَتَّبَكُمُ الله فِيها، وَلَعَنَ الله اُمَّةً قَتَلَتْكُمْ وَلَعَنَ الله المُمَهِّدِينَ لَهُمْ بِالتَّمْكِينِ مِنْ قِتالِكُمْ، بَرِئْتُ إِلى الله وَإِلَيْكُمْ مِنْهُمْ وَمِنْ أَشْياعِهِمْ وَأَتْباعِهِمْ وَأَوْلِيائِهِمْ. يا أَبا عَبْدِ الله إِنِّي سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سالَمَكُمْ وَحَرْبٌ لِمَنْ حارَبَكُمْ إِلى يَوْمِ القِيامَةِ، وَلَعَنَ الله آلَ زِيادٍ وَآلَ مرَوْانٍ وَلَعَنَ الله بَنِي اُمَيَّةَ قاطِبَةً وَلَعَنَ الله ابْنَ مَرْجانَةَ وَلَعَنَ الله عُمَرَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ وَلَعَنَ الله شِمْراً، وَلَعَنَ الله اُمَّةً أَسْرَجَتْ وَأَلجَمَتْ وَتَنَقَّبَتْ لِقِتالِكَ، بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَاُمِّي لَقَدْ عَظُمَ مُصابِي بِكَ فَأَسْأَلُ الله الَّذِي أَكْرَمَ مَقامَكَ وَأَكْرَمَنِي بك أَنْ يَرْزُقَنِي طَلَبَ ثارِكَ مَعَ إِمامٍ مَنْصُورٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ. اللّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي عِنْدَكَ وَجِيها بِالحُسَيْنِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ فِي الدُّنْيا وَالآخِرةِ، ياأَبا عَبْدِ الله إِنِّي أَتَقَرَّبُ إِلى الله وَإِلى رَسُولِهِ وَإِلى أَمِيرِ المُؤْمِنِينَ وَإِلى فاطِمَةَ وَإِلى الحَسَنِ وَإِلَيْكَ بِمُوالاتِكَ وَبِالبَرائةِ مِمَّنْ قاتَلَكَ وَنَصَبَ لَكَ الحَرْبَ وَبِالبَرائةِ مِمَّنْ أَسَّسَ أَساسَ الظُّلْمِ وَالجَوْرِ عَلَيْكُمْ، وَأَبْرَأُ إِلى الله وَإِلى رَسُولِهِ مِمَّنْ أَسَّسَ أَساسَ ذلِكَ وَبَنى عَلَيهِ بُنْيانَهُ وَجَرى فِي ظُلْمِهِ وَجَوْرِهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَعَلى أَشْياعِكُمْ، بَرِئْتُ إِلى الله وَإِلَيْكُمْ مِنْهُمْ وَأَتَقَرَّبُ إِلى الله ثُمَّ إِلَيْكُمْ بِمُوالاتِكُمْ وَمُوالاةِ وَلِيِّكُمْ وَالبَرائةِ مِنْ أَعْدائِكُمْ وَالنَّاصِبِينَ لَكُمْ الحَرْبَ وَبِالبَرائةِ مِنْ أَشْياعِهِمْ وَأَتْباعِهِمْ إِنِّي سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سالَمَكُمْ وَحَرْبٌ لِمَنْ حارَبَكُمْ وَوَلِيُّ لِمَنْ وَالاكُمْ وَعَدُوٌ لِمَنْ عاداكُمْ، فَأَسْأَلُ الله الَّذِي أَكْرَمَنِي بِمَعْرِفَتِكُمْ وَمَعْرِفَةِ أَوْلِيائِكُمْ وَرَزَقَنِي البَرائةِ مِنْ أَعْدائِكُمْ أَنْ يَجْعَلَنِي مَعَكُمْ فِي الدُّنْيا وَالآخِرةِ وَأَنْ يُثَبِّتَ لِي عِنْدَكُمْ قَدَمَ صِدْقٍ فِي الدُّنْيا وَالآخِرَةِ، وَأَسْأَلُهُ أَنْ يُبَلِّغَنِي المَقامَ المَحْمُودَ لَكُمْ عِنْدَ الله وَأَنْ يَرْزُقَنِي طَلَبَ ثارِي مَعَ إِمامِ هُدىً ظاهِرٍ ناطِقٍ بِالحَقِّ مِنْكُمْ، وَأَسْأَلُ الله بِحَقِّكُمْ وَبِالَّشْأنِ الَّذِي لَكُمْ عِنْدَهُ أَنْ يُعْطِيَنِي بِمُصابِي بِكُمْ أَفْضَلَ مايُعْطِي مُصاباً بِمُصِيبَتِهِ، مُصِيبَةً ماأَعْظَمَها وَأَعْظَمَ رَزِيَّتَها فِي الإسْلامِ وَفِي جَمِيعِ السَّماواتِ وَالأَرْضِ! اللّهُمَّ اجْعَلْنِي فِي مَقامِي هذا مِمَّنْ تَنالَهُ مِنْكَ صَلَواتٌ وَرَحْمَةٌ وَمَغْفِرَهٌ، اللّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ مَحْيايَ مَحْيا مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَمَماتِي مَماتَ مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، اللّهُمَّ إِنَّ هذا يَوْمٌ تَبَرَّكَتْ بِهِ بَنُو اُمَيَّةَ وَابْنُ آكِلَةِ الاَكْبادِ اللَّعِينُ ابْنُ اللَّعِينِ عَلى لِسانِكَ وَلِسانِ نَبِيِّكَ صَلّى الله عَلَيهِ وَآلِهِ فِي كُلِّ مَوْطِنٍ وَمَوْقِفٍ وَقَفَ فِيهِ نَبِيُّكَ صَلّى الله عَلَيهِ وَآلِهِ ؛ اللّهُمَّ العَنْ أَبا سُفيانَ وَمُعاوِيَةَ وَيَزِيدَ بْنَ مُعاوِيَةَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْكَ اللَّعْنَةُ أَبَدَ الابِدِينَ، وَهذا يَوْمٌ فَرِحَتْ بِهِ آلُ زِيادٍ وَآلُ مَرْوانَ بِقَتْلِهِمُ الحُسَيْنَ صَلَواتُ الله عَلَيْهِ، اللّهُمَّ فَضاعِفْ عَلَيْهِمْ اللَّعْنَ مِنْكَ وَالعَذابَ الاليم، اللّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَتَقَرَّبُ إِلَيْكَ فِي هذا اليَوْمِ وَفِي مَوْقِفِي هذا وَأَيامِ حَياتِي بِالبَرائَةِ مِنْهُمْ وَاللَّعْنَةِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَبِالمُوالاةِ لِنَبِيِّكَ وَآلِ نَبِيِّكَ عَلَيهِ وَعلَيْهِمُ، السَّلامُ .

ثم تقول "مائة مرة": اللّهُمَّ العَنْ أَوَّلَ ظالِمٍ ظَلَمَ حَقَّ مُحَمَّدٍ وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَآخِرَ تابِعٍ لَهُ عَلى ذلِكَ، اللّهُمَّ العَنْ العِصابَةَ الَّتِي جاهَدَتِ الحُسَيْنَ وَشايَعَتْ وَبايَعَتْ وَتابَعَتْ عَلى قَتْلِهِ اللّهُمَّ العَنْهُمْ جَميعاً .

ثم تقول "مائة مرة": السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ يا أَبا عَبْدِ الله وَعَلى الأَرواحِ الَّتِي حَلَّتْ بِفِنائِكَ، عَلَيْكَ مِنِّي سَلامُ اللهِ أَبَداً مابَقِيتُ وَبَقِيَ اللَيْلُ وَالنَّهارُ وَلا جَعَلَهُ الله آخِرَ العَهْدِ مِنِّي لِزِيارَتِكُمْ . السَّلامُ عَلى الحُسَيْنِ وَعَلى عَلِيِّ بْنِ الحُسَيْنِ وَعَلى أَوْلادِ الحُسَيْنِ وَعَلى أَصْحابِ الحُسَيْنِ .

ثم تقول: اللّهُمَّ خُصَّ أَنْتَ أَوَّلَ ظالِمٍ بِاللَّعْنِ مِنِّي وَأَبْدأْ بِهِ أَوَّلاً ثُمَّ الثَّانِي وَالثَّالِثَ وَالرَّابِعَ، اللّهُمَّ الْعَنْ يَزِيدَ خامِساً وَالعَنْ عُبَيْدَ الله بْنَ زِيادٍ وَابْنَ مَرْجانَةَ وَعُمَرَ بْنَ سَعْدٍ وَشِمْراً وَآلَ أَبِي سُفْيانَ وَآلَ زِيادٍ وَآلَ مَرْوانَ إلى يَوْمِ القِيامَةِ .

ثم تسجد وَتقول: اللّهُمَّ لَكَ الحَمْدُ حَمْدَ الشَّاكِرِينَ لَكَ عَلى مُصابِهِمْ، الحَمْدُ للهِ عَلى عَظِيمِ رَزِيَّتِي، اللّهُمَّ ارْزُقْنِي شَفاعَةَ الحُسَيْنِ يَوْمَ الوُرُودِ وَثَبِّتْ لِي قَدَمَ صِدْقٍ عِنْدَكَ مَعَ الحُسَيْنِ وَأَصْحابِ الحُسَيْنِ الَّذِينَ بَذَلُوا مُهَجَهُمْ دُونَ الحُسَيْنِ عَلَيهِ السَّلامُ .


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
The following commentaries are available:<ref name="ashura" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Source of Ziyarat of Ashura |url=http://www.hawzah.net/fa/Magazine/View/4180/6178/65389/%D9%85%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%B0-%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7 |website=hawzah.net |access-date=15 November 2015}}</ref>
The following commentaries are available:<ref name="ashura" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Source of Ziyarat of Ashura |url=http://www.hawzah.net/fa/Magazine/View/4180/6178/65389/%D9%85%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%B0-%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C-%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7 |website=hawzah.net |access-date=15 November 2015}}</ref>


*''Jannat al-Sarur fi Kayfiyat Tahqiq Ziyarat al-Ashura'' ({{lang|ar|جنّة السرور فی تحقیق کیفیة زیارة العاشورا}}) by Sheikh Ali Esterabadi Tehrani {{in lang|ar}}
*''Jannat al-Sarur fi Kayfiyat Tahqiq Ziyarat al-Ashura'' ({{lang|ar|جنّة السرور فی تحقیق کیفیة زیارة العاشورا}}) by Sheikh Ali Esterabadi Tehrani {{in lang|ar}}
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== Dua Alqamah ==
== Dua Alqamah ==
Dua Alqamah ([[Persian language|Persian]]: دعای علقمه ) is the title of the supplication recited after Ziyarat Ashura by Shia Muslims. It is attributed to [[Muhammad al-Baqir]], the fifth Shia Imam, who transmitted it to his followers.<ref>{{cite book|title=Islamic Prayers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V9ASyRWODgMC&pg=PP199|publisher=Sohale Sizar|pages=199|id=GGKEY:16QJUDZKQLD}}</ref> Alqamah is referred to one of companion of [[Ja'far al-Sadiq]], the sixth Imam of the Shia, named ''Alqamah''. According to the tradition in [[Mafatih al-Janan]] (Keys to the Heavens), [[Abbas Qumi]] believed this supplication is in honor of one companion of Ja'far al-Sadiq, named Safwan. So, the original name of the supplication is Safwan.<ref>{{cite book | url=http://www.al-islam.org/torch-perpetual-guidance-expose-ziyarat-ashura-ali-asghar-azizi-tehrani/dua-after-ziyarat-ashura-dua-alqamah | title=The Torch of Perpetual Guidance, an Exposé on Ziyarat Ashura of al-Imam al-Husayn b. Ali | author=Azizi Tehrani, Ali Asghar | translator=Bhimji, Saleem}}</ref> According to the Mafatih al-Janan, Abbas Qumi narrated the Alqamah prayer from [[Muhammad al-Baqir]], the fifth [[Imam]] of [[Shia]], on [[day of Ashura]] by the authority of [[Alqamah ibn Mohammad ibn Hazrami]] through a chain of transmission.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://www.amazon.com/Mafatih-Al-Jinan-Paradise-Al-Baqiyat-Al-Salihat/dp/9642190877 | title=Mafatih Al-Jinan (Keys to the Garden of Paradise) | publisher=Ansariyan Publications | author=Qomi, Abbas | author-link=Abbas Qomi | year=2009}}</ref>
Dua Alqamah ([[Persian language|Persian]]: دعای علقمه ) is the title of the supplication recited after Ziyarat Ashura by Shia Muslims. It is attributed to [[Muhammad al-Baqir]], the fifth Shia Imam, who transmitted it to his followers.<ref>{{cite book|title=Islamic Prayers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V9ASyRWODgMC&pg=PP199|publisher=Sohale Sizar|pages=199|id=GGKEY:16QJUDZKQLD}}</ref> Alqamah is referred to one of companion of [[Ja'far al-Sadiq]], the sixth Imam of the Shia, named ''Alqamah''. According to the tradition in [[Mafatih al-Janan]] (Keys to the Heavens), [[Abbas Qumi]] believed this supplication is in honor of one companion of Ja'far al-Sadiq, named Safwan. So, the original name of the supplication is Safwan.<ref>{{cite book | url=http://www.al-islam.org/torch-perpetual-guidance-expose-ziyarat-ashura-ali-asghar-azizi-tehrani/dua-after-ziyarat-ashura-dua-alqamah | title=The Torch of Perpetual Guidance, an Exposé on Ziyarat Ashura of al-Imam al-Husayn b. Ali | author=Azizi Tehrani, Ali Asghar | translator=Bhimji, Saleem | access-date=2015-11-29 | archive-date=2018-09-19 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180919211502/https://www.al-islam.org/torch-perpetual-guidance-expose-ziyarat-ashura-ali-asghar-azizi-tehrani/dua-after-ziyarat-ashura-dua-alqamah | url-status=dead }}</ref> According to the Mafatih al-Janan, Abbas Qumi narrated the Alqamah prayer from [[Muhammad al-Baqir]], the fifth [[Imam]] of [[Shia]], on [[day of Ashura]] by the authority of [[Alqamah ibn Mohammad ibn Hazrami]] through a chain of transmission.<ref>{{cite book | title=Mafatih Al-Jinan (Keys to the Garden of Paradise) | publisher=Ansariyan Publications | author=Qomi, Abbas | author-link=Abbas Qomi | year=2009| isbn=978-9642190874 }}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
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==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.duas.org/alqama.htm Text of Alqamah supplication]
* [http://www.duas.org/alqama.htm Text of Alqamah supplication]
* [https://www.dualibrary.com/read/dua/ziarat-e-ashura Full Text of Ziyarat Ashura]



[[Category:Ashura]]
[[Category:Ashura]]
[[Category:Mourning of Muharram]]
[[Category:Mourning of Muharram]]
[[Category:Ziyarat]]
[[Category:Ziyarat]]
[[Category:Hussainiya]]
[[Category:Husayniyyas]]

Latest revision as of 18:19, 30 October 2024

Ziyarat Ashura (Arabic: زیارة عاشوراء) is an Islamic salutatory prayer to God. The prayer is part of the liturgy used in pilgrimages to the shrine of Husayn in Karbala. Muhammad al-Baqir, Prophet's descendant and the fifth Shia Imam, recommended reciting Ziyarat Ashura on Ashura while facing Karbala, as a symbolic visit to the shrine.[1]

Etymology

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In Islam, a ziyārah (Arabic: زیارة) is a visit to the tomb of a saint or other holy person, such as the Islamic prophet Muhammad or Imam Husayn.[2]

‘Āshūrā’ (Arabic: عاشوراء), literally "tenth", is a holiday and a day of grief for the Muslims, falling on 10 Muharram of the Islamic calendar. The Martyrdom of Husayn ibn Ali and his family members and his associate (72 Martyrs) during the Battle of Karbala is commemorated on this day.[3][4]

Sources

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First page of Ziyarat Ashura

Ziyarat Ashura is attributed to Muhammad al-Baqir, the fifth Shia Imam, who transmitted it to his followers.[3] The prayer is found in sacred hadith narrated in particular by Shaykh Tusi in Misbah al-Mutahajjid and by Ibn Qulawayh in Kamil al-Ziyarat:[5] The prayer is also referenced in Bihar al-Anwar by Allamah al-Majlisi and Mafatih al-Jinan by Abbas Qumi.[3]

Contents

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Ziyarat Ashura contains concepts like tabarra (dissociating from those who oppose God, oppose Muhammad or oppose his family), tawalla (loving the Ahl al-Bayt), self-sacrifice for society, and never surrendering to tyranny and oppression.[6]

Further reading

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The following commentaries are available:[3][7]

  • Jannat al-Sarur fi Kayfiyat Tahqiq Ziyarat al-Ashura (جنّة السرور فی تحقیق کیفیة زیارة العاشورا) by Sheikh Ali Esterabadi Tehrani (in Arabic)
  • Tadhkirat al-Za'arin (تذکرة الزائرین) by Sayyed Abu Hassan bin Mohammad Tabatabai Saravi (in Arabic)
  • The Shifa al-Sudur by Mirza Abul Fazl Tehrani (in Persian)
  • Manuscripts of commentary on Ziyarat of Ashura by Muhammad Baqir Majlisi (in Persian)

Dua Alqamah

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Dua Alqamah (Persian: دعای علقمه ) is the title of the supplication recited after Ziyarat Ashura by Shia Muslims. It is attributed to Muhammad al-Baqir, the fifth Shia Imam, who transmitted it to his followers.[8] Alqamah is referred to one of companion of Ja'far al-Sadiq, the sixth Imam of the Shia, named Alqamah. According to the tradition in Mafatih al-Janan (Keys to the Heavens), Abbas Qumi believed this supplication is in honor of one companion of Ja'far al-Sadiq, named Safwan. So, the original name of the supplication is Safwan.[9] According to the Mafatih al-Janan, Abbas Qumi narrated the Alqamah prayer from Muhammad al-Baqir, the fifth Imam of Shia, on day of Ashura by the authority of Alqamah ibn Mohammad ibn Hazrami through a chain of transmission.[10]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Flaskerud, Ingvild (2010). Visualizing Belief and Piety in Iranian Shiism. Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 205. ISBN 978-1-4411-4907-7.
  2. ^ "Ziyārah". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 15 November 2015.
  3. ^ a b c d Ziyarat and Prayers. Sohale Sizar. p. 36. GGKEY:0T3B3DGQCGJ.
  4. ^ Shaykh Adil Al-Haqqani; Shaykh Hisham Kabbani (July 2002). The Path to Spiritual Excellence. ISCA. p. 45. ISBN 978-1-930409-18-7.
  5. ^ Khalfan, Muhammad (15 February 2013). The Sacred Effusion. The World Federation of Khoja Shia Ithna-Asheri Muslim Communities.
  6. ^ Azizi Tehrani; Ali Asghar (21 November 2021). The Torch of Perpetual Guidance, an Exposé on Ziyarat Ashura of al-Imam al-Husayn b. Ali. Translated by Saleem Bhimji.
  7. ^ "Source of Ziyarat of Ashura". hawzah.net. Retrieved 15 November 2015.
  8. ^ Islamic Prayers. Sohale Sizar. p. 199. GGKEY:16QJUDZKQLD.
  9. ^ Azizi Tehrani, Ali Asghar. The Torch of Perpetual Guidance, an Exposé on Ziyarat Ashura of al-Imam al-Husayn b. Ali. Translated by Bhimji, Saleem. Archived from the original on 2018-09-19. Retrieved 2015-11-29.
  10. ^ Qomi, Abbas (2009). Mafatih Al-Jinan (Keys to the Garden of Paradise). Ansariyan Publications. ISBN 978-9642190874.
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