Georgis Kostoprav: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Greek poet}} |
{{Short description|Ukrainian Greek poet (1903–1938)}} |
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{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] --> |
{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] --> |
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| name = Georgis Kostoprav |
| name = Georgis Kostoprav |
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| birth_name = |
| birth_name = |
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| birth_date = {{Birth date|1903|10|27|df=y}} [[Old Style|O.S.]]<br /> (9 November 1903 [[New Style|N.S.]]) |
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1903|10|27|df=y}} [[Old Style|O.S.]]<br /> (9 November 1903 [[New Style|N.S.]]) |
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| birth_place = [[Maloyanisol]], [[Russian Empire]] (now [[ |
| birth_place = [[Maloyanisol]], [[Mariupolsky Uyezd]], [[Yekaterinoslav Governorate]] of the [[Russian Empire]] (now [[Donetsk Oblast]] of [[Ukraine]]) |
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| death_date = {{death date and age|1938|02|14|1903|11|9|df=y}} |
| death_date = {{death date and age|1938|02|14|1903|11|9|df=y}} |
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| death_place = Zhdanov (now [[Mariupol]], [[USSR]] |
| death_place = Zhdanov (now [[Mariupol]]), [[Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic|UkSSR]], [[USSR]] |
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| alma_mater = |
| alma_mater = |
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| occupation = [[Poet]], [[Journalist]], [[Translator]] |
| occupation = [[Poet]], [[Journalist]], [[Translator]] |
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'''Georgis Kostoprav''' ({{ |
'''Georgis Kostoprav''' ({{langx|el|Γεωργής Κωστοπράβ}}; {{langx|uk|Георгій Антонович Костоправ}}, 9 November 1903 – 14 February 1938) was a [[Mariupol Greek|Rumeika]] [[poet]], [[playwright]] and journalist, who wrote in [[Mariupol Greek]]. |
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==Life== |
==Life== |
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Georgis Kostoprav was born in the village Maloyanisol |
Georgis Kostoprav was born in the village [[Maloyanisol]] |
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(then Maly Yanisol') into a family of a scrivener. After two years elementary school in his village he went to Mariupol Realschule. |
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From 1926 to 1927 Kostoprav served in the Red Army. In 1927 he worked in [[Illich Steel and Iron Works]] as a secretary in the personnel department. In 1932 Kostoprav started to work in Mariupol Greek (Rumeika) newspaper ''{{ill|Kolechtivistis|uk|Колехтивістис}}'' as an executive editor and journalist. In 1933 he published his first book of poems and in 1934 became a member of the Union of Soviet writers. Actively participating in editing, publishing, conferences, Kostoprav was regarded as a leader of the Greek writers' group.<ref>[https://uagreeks.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8F%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8C-2020-%D0%AD%D0%A3.pdf Pirgo, Maria and Uzbek, Elena. ''Mariupolskaia grecheskaia (rumeiskaia) literaturnaia grupa'', Elliny Ukrainy, 2020, September, p. 2-4.]</ref> The review of 1937 claims him "the biggest Soviet Greek writer".<ref>Al. Farber. ''Grecheskie pisateli Donbassa'', Sotsialisticheskii Donbass, 6 April 1937, no. 79, p. 4.</ref> |
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In 1936 he married Olga Maslakova. |
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In the night 23/24 December 1937 Kostoprav was arrested in course of so-called [[Greek Operation of the NKVD|Greek operation]]. 14 February he was sentenced to death and shot the same day. His widow was informed that he died of [[sarcoma]] 23 July 1944 (this date was later repeated in his biographies, until the documents on his sentence and execution were published). He was officially rehabilitated in 1957. |
In the night 23/24 December 1937 Kostoprav was arrested in course of so-called [[Greek Operation of the NKVD|Greek operation]]. 14 February he was sentenced to death and shot the same day. His widow was informed that he died of [[sarcoma]] 23 July 1944 (this date was later repeated in his biographies, until the documents on his sentence and execution were published). He was officially rehabilitated in 1957. |
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==Writing== |
==Writing== |
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Kostoprav published in 1920s his first poems written in Russian in Mariupol newspapers |
Kostoprav published in 1920s his first poems written in Russian in Mariupol newspapers ''Il'ichovets'', ''Golos truda'', ''Priazovskii proletarii''. In 1930s he published his poems and short stories in [[Rumeika]] Greek in local almanacs and magazines ''Flogomitres Spithes'',<ref>[https://archive.org/details/Flogominitres_Spithes_1933/page/n8/mode/1up Flogomitres Spithes (Φλογομινιτρες ςπιθες). Mariupol, 1933. ]</ref> ''{{ill|Neotita|uk|Неотита}}'',<ref>[https://archive.org/details/neotita1935/page/n36/mode/1up Neotita (Νεοτιτα), 1935, no. 4, p. 35-61.]</ref><ref>[https://archive.org/details/neotita193705/page/n27/mode/1up Neotita (Νεοτιτα), 1937, no. 5, p. 19-34.]</ref> ''Neos Machitis'', ''Pioneros'' and in the newspaper ''Kolechtivistis''. |
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In 1933 was published Kostoprav's debut book of poems |
In 1933 was published Kostoprav's debut book of poems ''The first steps'', including his poetry and translations from Russian and Ukrainian poets. In 1934 he published a poem ''Leontis Chonagbeis'' about a Rumeika folk poet of 19 century {{ill|Leontis Chonagbeis|uk|Хонагбей Лівон}}. |
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Kostoprav's short stories were included into the reading book for Mariupol Greek schools, edited by {{ill|Amphiktyon Dimitriu|ru|Димитриу, Амфиктион Матвеевич}}.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/dimitriu_khristomathia_gia_ti_filologia_1935/page/n85/mode/1up G. Kostoprav. ''I petinari'' (Ι πετιναρι, "A little rooster"), Christomathia gia ti filologia (Χριςτομαθια για τι φιλολογια). Mariupol, 1936. V. 1. P. 81-84.]</ref><ref>[https://archive.org/details/christomathia-gia-ti-filologia-dimitriu-2/page/n183/mode/1up G. Kostoprav. ''Pios ftei'' (Πιος φτει, "Whom to blame"); ''Etsi nikai i thelisi'' (Ετςι νικαι ι θελιςι, "Thus desire overcomes"), Christomathia gia ti filologia (Χριςτομαθια για τι φιλολογια). Mariupol, 1936. V. 2. P. 180-189.]</ref> |
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| ⚫ | During his short career Kostoprav also contributed to translations from Russian, including two books of [[Anton Chekhov|Chekhov's]] stories,<ref>[https://archive.org/details/Chexov_Xoriates_1936 A. Chekhov. I khoriates (Ι χοριατες, "Peasants"). Mariupol, 1936.]</ref><ref>[https://archive.org/details/chekhovdiigmata1936frag/page/n5/mode/2up A. Chekhov. Diigmata (Διιγματα, "Stories"). Mariupol, 1936.]</ref> poems of [[Alexander Pushkin]]<ref>[https://archive.org/details/pushkin-1937/page/n58/mode/1up A. Pushkin. Ergo (Εργο "Works"). Mariupol, 1937]</ref> and [[Agniya Barto]]'s poetry for kids.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/bartoastrizapestoopus1937 A. Barto. Astritza pes to opus (Αςτριτζα πες το οπυς "Little stars in the forest"). (2nd ed.) Mariupol, 1937.]</ref> Non-less essential are his translations into Mariupol Greek from Ukrainian poets, [[Maksym Rylsky]], [[Volodymyr Sosiura]] and [[Taras Shevchenko]], in particular he translated Shevchenko's |
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| ⚫ | During his short career Kostoprav also contributed to translations from Russian, including two books of [[Anton Chekhov|Chekhov's]] stories,<ref>[https://archive.org/details/Chexov_Xoriates_1936 A. Chekhov. ''I khoriates'' (Ι χοριατες, "Peasants"). Mariupol, 1936.]</ref><ref>[https://archive.org/details/chekhovdiigmata1936frag/page/n5/mode/2up A. Chekhov. ''Diigmata'' (Διιγματα, "Stories"). Mariupol, 1936.]</ref> poems of [[Alexander Pushkin]]<ref>[https://archive.org/details/pushkin-1937/page/n58/mode/1up A. Pushkin. ''Ergo'' (Εργο, "Works"). Mariupol, 1937]</ref> and [[Agniya Barto]]'s poetry for kids.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/bartoastrizapestoopus1937 A. Barto. ''Astritza pes to opus'' (Αςτριτζα πες το οπυς, "Little stars in the forest"). (2nd ed.) Mariupol, 1937.]</ref> Non-less essential are his translations into Mariupol Greek from Ukrainian poets, [[Maksym Rylsky]], [[Volodymyr Sosiura]] and [[Taras Shevchenko]], in particular he translated Shevchenko's ''Testament''.<ref>The authorisation, the level of adaptation in this translation is analysed in: |
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| ⚫ | He also translated into Russian, among others, a poem of Rumeika poet Vasily |
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[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343078895_Socialno-kulturnye_i_lingvisticeskie_osobennosti_poezii_grekov_Priazova M. Kisilier. ''Sotsial'no-kul'turnye i lingvisticheskie osobennosti poezii grekov Priazov'ia''], Formirovanie kul'tury v diaspore, edited by V. Fedchenko, L. Gushchian, I. Tantlevski. Saint-Petersburg: "Izdatel'stvo RKhGA", 2019. P. 99-134.</ref> |
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| ⚫ | He also translated into Russian, among others, a poem of Rumeika poet {{ill|Vasily Gala|ru|Галла, Василий Васильевич}} ''Pirnos''<ref>V. Galla. ''Utro'' (Πιρνος, "Morning") translated G. Kostoprav, Literaturnyi Donbass, 1933, no. 7-8, p. 140.</ref> and some samples of Rumeika folklore.<ref>''Dosvidan'ia, iunaia podruga'' (Farwell, young girl-friend), Literaturnyi Donbass, 1936, no. 3, p. 99.</ref><ref>''Skazka o bednom starike i ego petukhe'' (A tale about a poor old man and his rooster), Literaturnyi Donbass, 1936, no. 3, p. 100-101.</ref> |
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==Publications== |
==Publications== |
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* [https://archive.org/details/Kostoprav_1933_To_prota_bimata Ta prota vimata (Τα |
* [https://archive.org/details/Kostoprav_1933_To_prota_bimata ''Ta prota vimata'' (Τα πρώτα βήματα, "The first steps"). Preface by F. Yali in Greek and in Russian. Mariupol, 1933.] |
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* [https://archive.org/details/kostopravxonagbei1934 Leontis Chonagbeis ( |
* [https://archive.org/details/kostopravxonagbei1934 ''Leontis Chonagbeis'' (Λεοντής Χονάγμπεης, "Leontis Chonagbeis"). Mariupol, 1934.] |
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* Kalimera, zisimo ( |
* ''Kalimera, zisimo'' (Καλημέρα, ζήσιμο! "Hello, life!"). Stalino, 1937. - 96 p.<ref>Stefan Kaloerov. ''Greki Priazov'ia: annotirovannyi bibliograficheskii ukazatel'.'' Donetsk: "Iugo-Vostok", 1997. P. 141.</ref><ref>In opinion of E. Kadzhinov the book was published in February 1937 (E. Khadzhinov. ''Khronologiia zhizni i tvorchestva Georgiia Kostoprava'', Khronos, 2003, no. 1 (58)). In other opinion, the book was published already after Kostoprav's death (A. Ia. Baldzhi. ''Nuzhny li literature chernorabochie'', Elliny Ukrainy, 1997, no. 4 (9), May–June.</ref> |
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===Translations=== |
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In 1930s Russian translations of Kostoprav's poems regularly emerged in literary magazines. |
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* G. Kostoprav. ''Dva mitinga'' (Два митинга, "Two meetings"), an authorised translation by A. Faber. Literaturnyi Donbass, 1934, no. 4–5, p. 116-118. |
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* G. Kostoprav. ''Groza'' (Гроза, "Thunder"), an authorised translation by P. Shadura. Literaturnyi Donbass, 1936, no. 3, p. 73. |
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[[File:Меморіальна дошка Г.А. Костоправу, Маріуполь, пр. Миру, 35, Донецька область.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Commemorative plaque]] of Kostoprav in Mariupol, Ukraine.]] |
[[File:Меморіальна дошка Г.А. Костоправу, Маріуполь, пр. Миру, 35, Донецька область.jpg|thumb|right|200px|[[Commemorative plaque]] of Kostoprav in Mariupol, Ukraine.]] |
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==Commemoration== |
==Commemoration== |
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* In 1994 in the village Maloyanisol |
* In 1994 in the village Maloyanisol, where Kostoprav was born, was erected his monument and opened a museum. Also in poet's name is named one of the streets in the village. |
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* In November 2003, on anniversary of Kostoprav's birth, a commemorative plaque was placed on the building, where once has been located the editorial of the Rumeika Greek newspaper |
* In November 2003, on anniversary of Kostoprav's birth, a commemorative plaque was placed in Mariupol on the building, where once has been located the editorial of the Rumeika Greek newspaper ''Kolechtivistis'' (Miru avenue, 35).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://transport-mrpl.narod.ru/history/mariupol/6.html |title=Мариуполь Советский. 1917–1941 годы |access-date=2 June 2010 |archive-date=28 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028055140/http://transport-mrpl.narod.ru/history/mariupol/6.html}}</ref> Judging by recent footage from the place, the plaque did not survive the Russian [[siege of Mariupol]] in 2022. |
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Judging by recent footage from the place, the plaque did not survive the Russian [[siege of Mariupol]] in 2022. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Kostoprav, Georgis}} |
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[[Category:1903 births]] |
[[Category:1903 births]] |
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[[Category:1938 deaths]] |
[[Category:1938 deaths]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:People from Mariupol]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:People from Donetsk Oblast]] |
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[[Category:Greek male poets]] |
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[[Category:20th-century Greek poets]] |
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[[Category:Greek people executed by the Soviet Union]] |
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[[Category:Ukrainian people of Greek descent]] |
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[[Category:Great Purge victims from Ukraine]] |
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[[Category:Soviet rehabilitations]] |
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[[Category:Varieties of Modern Greek]] |
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[[Category:Languages of Ukraine]] |
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Latest revision as of 08:31, 31 October 2024
Georgis Kostoprav | |
|---|---|
 Georgis Kostoprav | |
| Born | 27 October 1903 O.S. (9 November 1903 N.S.) Maloyanisol, Mariupolsky Uyezd, Yekaterinoslav Governorate of the Russian Empire (now Donetsk Oblast of Ukraine) |
| Died | 14 February 1938 (aged 34) Zhdanov (now Mariupol), UkSSR, USSR |
| Occupation | Poet, Journalist, Translator |
| Citizenship | Russian Empire (1903–1917) Soviet Union (1922–1938) |
Georgis Kostoprav (Greek: Γεωργής Κωστοπράβ; Ukrainian: Георгій Антонович Костоправ, 9 November 1903 – 14 February 1938) was a Rumeika poet, playwright and journalist, who wrote in Mariupol Greek.
Life
[edit]Georgis Kostoprav was born in the village Maloyanisol (then Maly Yanisol') into a family of a scrivener. After two years elementary school in his village he went to Mariupol Realschule.
From 1926 to 1927 Kostoprav served in the Red Army. In 1927 he worked in Illich Steel and Iron Works as a secretary in the personnel department. In 1932 Kostoprav started to work in Mariupol Greek (Rumeika) newspaper Kolechtivistis as an executive editor and journalist. In 1933 he published his first book of poems and in 1934 became a member of the Union of Soviet writers. Actively participating in editing, publishing, conferences, Kostoprav was regarded as a leader of the Greek writers' group.[1] The review of 1937 claims him "the biggest Soviet Greek writer".[2]
In 1936 he married Olga Maslakova.
In the night 23/24 December 1937 Kostoprav was arrested in course of so-called Greek operation. 14 February he was sentenced to death and shot the same day. His widow was informed that he died of sarcoma 23 July 1944 (this date was later repeated in his biographies, until the documents on his sentence and execution were published). He was officially rehabilitated in 1957.
Writing
[edit]Kostoprav published in 1920s his first poems written in Russian in Mariupol newspapers Il'ichovets, Golos truda, Priazovskii proletarii. In 1930s he published his poems and short stories in Rumeika Greek in local almanacs and magazines Flogomitres Spithes,[3] Neotita,[4][5] Neos Machitis, Pioneros and in the newspaper Kolechtivistis.
In 1933 was published Kostoprav's debut book of poems The first steps, including his poetry and translations from Russian and Ukrainian poets. In 1934 he published a poem Leontis Chonagbeis about a Rumeika folk poet of 19 century Leontis Chonagbeis.
Kostoprav's short stories were included into the reading book for Mariupol Greek schools, edited by Amphiktyon Dimitriu.[6][7]
Kostoprav's play Autumn leaves was staged in the Mariupol Greek theatre, which switched in 1935 from Russian into Mariupol Greek. He also translated for this theatre multiple plays from Russian.
During his short career Kostoprav also contributed to translations from Russian, including two books of Chekhov's stories,[8][9] poems of Alexander Pushkin[10] and Agniya Barto's poetry for kids.[11] Non-less essential are his translations into Mariupol Greek from Ukrainian poets, Maksym Rylsky, Volodymyr Sosiura and Taras Shevchenko, in particular he translated Shevchenko's Testament.[12]
He also translated into Russian, among others, a poem of Rumeika poet Vasily Gala Pirnos[13] and some samples of Rumeika folklore.[14][15]
Publications
[edit]- Ta prota vimata (Τα πρώτα βήματα, "The first steps"). Preface by F. Yali in Greek and in Russian. Mariupol, 1933.
- Leontis Chonagbeis (Λεοντής Χονάγμπεης, "Leontis Chonagbeis"). Mariupol, 1934.
- Kalimera, zisimo (Καλημέρα, ζήσιμο! "Hello, life!"). Stalino, 1937. - 96 p.[16][17]
- G. A. Kostoprav: sochineniia (Г. А. Костоправ: сочинения, "G. A. Kostoprav: works"). Eds. G. A. Animitsa and M. P. Galikbarova. Mariupol, 2012. The book includes Russian, Ukrainian and Rumeika writings of Kostoprav.
Translations
[edit]In 1930s Russian translations of Kostoprav's poems regularly emerged in literary magazines.
- G. Kostoprav. Dva mitinga (Два митинга, "Two meetings"), an authorised translation by A. Faber. Literaturnyi Donbass, 1934, no. 4–5, p. 116-118.
- G. Kostoprav. Groza (Гроза, "Thunder"), an authorised translation by P. Shadura. Literaturnyi Donbass, 1936, no. 3, p. 73.
Posthumously under the same title Hello, life were published two books of translations into Russian and Ukrainian:
- Kalimera, zisimo! (Калимера, зисимо!). Poems in Russian translations /Ed. B. Ya. Shadur, preface by E. Voloshko. Donetsk: "Knizhnoe izdatelstvo", 1963. - 194 p. (2nd ed. 1989., 126 p.)
- Kalimera, zisimo! (Калімера, зісімо!). Poems in Ukrainian translations. /Ed. Olga Kostoprav. Dnipropetrovs'k: "Dnipro", 1969. - 143 p.
Commemoration
[edit]- In 1994 in the village Maloyanisol, where Kostoprav was born, was erected his monument and opened a museum. Also in poet's name is named one of the streets in the village.
- In November 2003, on anniversary of Kostoprav's birth, a commemorative plaque was placed in Mariupol on the building, where once has been located the editorial of the Rumeika Greek newspaper Kolechtivistis (Miru avenue, 35).[18] Judging by recent footage from the place, the plaque did not survive the Russian siege of Mariupol in 2022.
References
[edit]- ^ Pirgo, Maria and Uzbek, Elena. Mariupolskaia grecheskaia (rumeiskaia) literaturnaia grupa, Elliny Ukrainy, 2020, September, p. 2-4.
- ^ Al. Farber. Grecheskie pisateli Donbassa, Sotsialisticheskii Donbass, 6 April 1937, no. 79, p. 4.
- ^ Flogomitres Spithes (Φλογομινιτρες ςπιθες). Mariupol, 1933.
- ^ Neotita (Νεοτιτα), 1935, no. 4, p. 35-61.
- ^ Neotita (Νεοτιτα), 1937, no. 5, p. 19-34.
- ^ G. Kostoprav. I petinari (Ι πετιναρι, "A little rooster"), Christomathia gia ti filologia (Χριςτομαθια για τι φιλολογια). Mariupol, 1936. V. 1. P. 81-84.
- ^ G. Kostoprav. Pios ftei (Πιος φτει, "Whom to blame"); Etsi nikai i thelisi (Ετςι νικαι ι θελιςι, "Thus desire overcomes"), Christomathia gia ti filologia (Χριςτομαθια για τι φιλολογια). Mariupol, 1936. V. 2. P. 180-189.
- ^ A. Chekhov. I khoriates (Ι χοριατες, "Peasants"). Mariupol, 1936.
- ^ A. Chekhov. Diigmata (Διιγματα, "Stories"). Mariupol, 1936.
- ^ A. Pushkin. Ergo (Εργο, "Works"). Mariupol, 1937
- ^ A. Barto. Astritza pes to opus (Αςτριτζα πες το οπυς, "Little stars in the forest"). (2nd ed.) Mariupol, 1937.
- ^ The authorisation, the level of adaptation in this translation is analysed in: M. Kisilier. Sotsial'no-kul'turnye i lingvisticheskie osobennosti poezii grekov Priazov'ia, Formirovanie kul'tury v diaspore, edited by V. Fedchenko, L. Gushchian, I. Tantlevski. Saint-Petersburg: "Izdatel'stvo RKhGA", 2019. P. 99-134.
- ^ V. Galla. Utro (Πιρνος, "Morning") translated G. Kostoprav, Literaturnyi Donbass, 1933, no. 7-8, p. 140.
- ^ Dosvidan'ia, iunaia podruga (Farwell, young girl-friend), Literaturnyi Donbass, 1936, no. 3, p. 99.
- ^ Skazka o bednom starike i ego petukhe (A tale about a poor old man and his rooster), Literaturnyi Donbass, 1936, no. 3, p. 100-101.
- ^ Stefan Kaloerov. Greki Priazov'ia: annotirovannyi bibliograficheskii ukazatel'. Donetsk: "Iugo-Vostok", 1997. P. 141.
- ^ In opinion of E. Kadzhinov the book was published in February 1937 (E. Khadzhinov. Khronologiia zhizni i tvorchestva Georgiia Kostoprava, Khronos, 2003, no. 1 (58)). In other opinion, the book was published already after Kostoprav's death (A. Ia. Baldzhi. Nuzhny li literature chernorabochie, Elliny Ukrainy, 1997, no. 4 (9), May–June.
- ^ "Мариуполь Советский. 1917–1941 годы". Archived from the original on 28 October 2020. Retrieved 2 June 2010.