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Coordinates: 13°19′00″S 35°14′00″E / 13.31667°S 35.23333°E / -13.31667; 35.23333
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{{Short description|Capital of Niassa Province, Mozambique}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name = Lichinga
|official_name = Lichinga
Line 5: Line 6:
|nickname =
|nickname =
|motto =
|motto =
|image_skyline =
|image_skyline =Conselho Municipal Lichinga.jpg
|imagesize =
|imagesize =
|image_caption =
|image_caption =Municipal Council of Lichinga
|image_flag =
|image_flag =
|flag_size =
|flag_size =
Line 70: Line 71:
|elevation_ft =
|elevation_ft =
|blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
|blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
|blank_info = [[Oceanic climate#Subtropical highland variety (Cfb, Cwb, Cwc)|Cwb]]
|blank_info = [[Oceanic climate#Subtropical highland variety (Cfb, Cwb)|Cwb]]
}}
}}


'''Lichinga''' is the capital city of [[Niassa Province]] of [[Mozambique]]. It lies on the [[Lichinga Plateau]] at an altitude of 1360 metres, east of [[Lake Niassa]] (Lake Malawi). The town was founded as '''Vila Cabral''' as a farming and military settlement. It is served by [[Lichinga Airport]].
'''Lichinga''' is the capital [[List of cities in Mozambique|city]] of [[Niassa Province]] of [[Mozambique]]. It lies on the [[Lichinga Plateau]] at an altitude of {{Convert|1360|m||abbr=}}, east of [[Lake Niassa]] (Lake Malawi). The town was founded as '''Vila Cabral''' as a farming and military settlement. It is served by [[Lichinga Airport]]. The province borders [[Ruvuma Region]] in [[Tanzania]].


==History==
==History==
===Early history===

The region that is Niassa province is the ancestral homeland of the [[Yao people (East Africa)|Yao]] and [[Makua people|Makua]].
===Portuguese rule===
===Portuguese rule===
Founded by the [[Portugal|Portuguese]] in 1931 as Vila Cabral,<ref>[http://www.niassatourism.com/section-uklichinga/ www.niassatourism.com], Retrieved on June 14, 2008</ref> the town was designed to become a fast growth urban centre, its streets and avenues paying attention to a projected future growth. Vila Cabral was upgraded to city status in 1962. In the early 1960s its population was 27,000 inhabitants; by 1970 it had 36,715. The city developed as an agriculture and colonial service centre until the independence of Mozambique from Portugal in 1975. In addition, the town's economy included [[forestry]]-based activities and was surrounded by a [[pine tree]] [[plantation]], of which most has been felled in recent years.
Founded by the [[Portugal|Portuguese]] colonial administration in 1931 as Vila Cabral,<ref>[http://www.niassatourism.com/section-uklichinga/ www.niassatourism.com], Retrieved on June 14, 2008</ref> the town was designed to become a fast growth urban centre, its streets and avenues paying attention to a projected future growth. Vila Cabral was upgraded to city status in 1962. In the early 1960s its population was 27,000 inhabitants; by 1970 it had 36,715. The city developed as an agriculture and colonial service centre until the independence of Mozambique from Portugal in 1975. In addition, the town's economy included [[forestry]]-based activities and was surrounded by a [[pine]] [[tree plantation]].<ref>{{Citation |title=Do outro lado do tempo: Moçambique antes de 1975 VERSÂO COMPLETA |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=igQEvBShfu0 |access-date=2023-04-08 |language=en}}</ref>


===After independence from Portugal===
===After independence from Portugal===
Line 84: Line 86:


==Climate==
==Climate==
Owing to its high altitude location the town experiences a moderate [[subtropical highland climate]] (''Cwb'', according to the [[Köppen climate classification]]), with cool weather in the dry season (May to September) and average temperatures of 15.5 <sup>o</sup>C in July. Summertime is October to April with the hottest weather in November: average temperature 22 <sup>o</sup>C. This is also the season of heavy rain especially December to March. The annual rainfall is 1,171&nbsp;mm.
Owing to its high altitude location the town experiences a moderate [[subtropical highland climate]] (''Cwb'', according to the [[Köppen climate classification]]), with cool weather in the dry season (May to September) and average temperatures of {{Convert|15.5|C||abbr=}} in July. Summertime is October to April with the hottest weather in November: average temperature {{Convert|22|C||abbr=}}. This is also the season of heavy rain especially December to March. The annual rainfall is {{Convert|1171|mm||abbr=on}}.


{{Weather box
{{Weather box
|location = Lichinga
|location = Lichinga, Mozambique (1961-1990 normals, extremes 1951–present)
|single line = Yes
|single line = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|Jan record high C = 29.2
|Jan record high C = 30.5
|Feb record high C = 28.2
|Feb record high C = 30.2
|Mar record high C = 28.0
|Mar record high C = 29.8
|Apr record high C = 27.1
|Apr record high C = 30.3
|May record high C = 27.2
|May record high C = 32.4
|Jun record high C = 26.5
|Jun record high C = 27.0
|Jul record high C = 25.7
|Jul record high C = 29.0
|Aug record high C = 27.8
|Aug record high C = 29.8
|Sep record high C = 30.0
|Sep record high C = 31.0
|Oct record high C = 32.7
|Oct record high C = 36.4
|Nov record high C = 32.3
|Nov record high C = 35.0
|Dec record high C = 32.0
|Dec record high C = 32.0
|year record high C = 32.7
|year record high C =
|Jan high C = 24.5
|Jan high C = 24.5
|Feb high C = 24.6
|Feb high C = 24.6
Line 142: Line 144:
|Dec low C = 16.1
|Dec low C = 16.1
|year low C = 13.6
|year low C = 13.6
|Jan record low C = 12.0
|Jan record low C = 10.4
|Feb record low C = 13.6
|Feb record low C = 11.0
|Mar record low C = 11.4
|Mar record low C = 9.0
|Apr record low C = 8.2
|Apr record low C = 7.8
|May record low C = 6.9
|May record low C = 1.9
|Jun record low C = 3.8
|Jun record low C = 2.7
|Jul record low C = 3.3
|Jul record low C = 1.0
|Aug record low C = 3.2
|Aug record low C = 1.8
|Sep record low C = 7.2
|Sep record low C = 6.6
|Oct record low C = 9.6
|Oct record low C = 8.5
|Nov record low C = 10.2
|Nov record low C = 8.9
|Dec record low C = 12.0
|Dec record low C = 10.5
|year record low C = 3.2
|year record low C =
|precipitation colour = green
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 222.5
|Jan precipitation mm = 222.5
Line 208: Line 210:
|Nov sun = 201.0
|Nov sun = 201.0
|Dec sun = 139.5
|Dec sun = 139.5
|year sun = 2380.1
|year sun =
|Jand sun = 4.2
|Jan percentsun = 33
|Febd sun = 4.6
|Feb percentsun = 37
|Mard sun = 5.2
|Mar percentsun = 43
|Aprd sun = 6.1
|Apr percentsun = 52
|Mayd sun = 7.5
|May percentsun = 66
|Jund sun = 7.4
|Jun percentsun = 66
|Juld sun = 6.9
|Jul percentsun = 61
|Augd sun = 7.8
|Aug percentsun = 67
|Sepd sun = 8.2
|Sep percentsun = 69
|Octd sun = 9.0
|Oct percentsun = 73
|Novd sun = 6.7
|Nov percentsun = 53
|Decd sun = 4.5
|Dec percentsun = 35
|yeard sun = 6.5
|year percentsun = 54
|source 1 = [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]]<ref name = DWD>
|source 1 = [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]]<ref name = DWD>
{{cite web
{{cite web
Line 229: Line 231:
| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst
| publisher = Deutscher Wetterdienst
| language = German
| language = German
| accessdate = April 19, 2017}}</ref>
| accessdate = April 19, 2017}}</ref>
|source 2 = NOAA (extremes)<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=daily-summaries&stations=MZ000067217&startDate=1700-01-01&endDate=2023-12-31&dataTypes=TMAX,TMIN,PRCP
| title = Global Historical Climatological Network - Daily
| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
| accessdate = January 26, 2023
}}</ref>
}}
}}


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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Year
! Year
! Population<ref name=wg>{{cite web|url=http://world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&des=wg&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&geo=-153 |title=Mozambique: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population |accessdate=2008-06-18 |work=World Gazetteer |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081231073437/http://world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&des=wg&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&geo=-153 |archivedate=December 31, 2008 }}</ref>
! Population<ref name="wg">{{cite web|url=http://world-gazetteer.com/wg.php?x=&men=gcis&lng=en&des=wg&srt=npan&col=abcdefghinoq&msz=1500&geo=-153 |title=Mozambique: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population |accessdate=2008-06-18 |work=World Gazetteer }}{{dead link|date=July 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 1997 census
| 1997 census
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==Transport==
==Transport==


A [[Nacala railway|railway branch line] from the [[port of Nacala]] terminates in this town, it has been renovated and receives services 3 times per week. Transport into and out of the city is either by private car or the public ''chapa'', o]r minibus system. Air service is provided by Lichinga Airport with flights to Nampula and Maputo through L.A.M. Or Ethiopian Airlines.
A [[Nacala railway|railway branch line]] from the [[port of Nacala]] terminates in this town, it has been renovated and receives services 3 times per week. Transport into and out of the city is either by private car or the public ''chapa'', or minibus system. Air service is provided by Lichinga Airport with flights to Nampula and Maputo through [[LAM Mozambique Airlines]] or Ethiopian Airlines.{{citation needed|date=February 2020}}

==Notable people==
*[[Venâncio Mondlane]] (born 1974), politician


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{coord|13|19|00|S| 35|14|00|E|region:MZ_type:city|display=title}}
{{Coord|13|19|00|S| 35|14|00|E|region:MZ_type:city|display=title}}


{{Provincial capitals of Mozambique}}
{{Provincial capitals of Mozambique}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Populated places in Mozambique]]
[[Category:Populated places in Niassa Province]]
[[Category:Populated places in Niassa Province]]
[[Category:Provincial capitals in Mozambique]]
[[Category:Provincial capitals in Mozambique]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1931]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1931]]
[[Category:Lichinga District]]

Latest revision as of 17:14, 31 October 2024

Lichinga
Municipal Council of Lichinga
Municipal Council of Lichinga
Lichinga is located in Mozambique
Lichinga
Lichinga
Coordinates: 13°18′46″S 35°14′26″E / 13.31278°S 35.24056°E / -13.31278; 35.24056
Country Mozambique
ProvincesNiassa Province
Area
 • Total
280 km2 (110 sq mi)
Elevation
1,398 m (4,587 ft)
Population
 (2017 census)
 • Total
213,361
 • Density760/km2 (2,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+2 (CAT)
ClimateCwb

Lichinga is the capital city of Niassa Province of Mozambique. It lies on the Lichinga Plateau at an altitude of 1,360 metres (4,460 ft), east of Lake Niassa (Lake Malawi). The town was founded as Vila Cabral as a farming and military settlement. It is served by Lichinga Airport. The province borders Ruvuma Region in Tanzania.

History

[edit]

Early history

[edit]

The region that is Niassa province is the ancestral homeland of the Yao and Makua.

Portuguese rule

[edit]

Founded by the Portuguese colonial administration in 1931 as Vila Cabral,[1] the town was designed to become a fast growth urban centre, its streets and avenues paying attention to a projected future growth. Vila Cabral was upgraded to city status in 1962. In the early 1960s its population was 27,000 inhabitants; by 1970 it had 36,715. The city developed as an agriculture and colonial service centre until the independence of Mozambique from Portugal in 1975. In addition, the town's economy included forestry-based activities and was surrounded by a pine tree plantation.[2]

After independence from Portugal

[edit]

After independence the new government renamed the city Lichinga. The effects of 17 years of civil war (1975-1992) spread famine and disease in Mozambique resulting in many deaths and refugees in the region around Lichinga.

Climate

[edit]

Owing to its high altitude location the town experiences a moderate subtropical highland climate (Cwb, according to the Köppen climate classification), with cool weather in the dry season (May to September) and average temperatures of 15.5 °C (59.9 °F) in July. Summertime is October to April with the hottest weather in November: average temperature 22 °C (72 °F). This is also the season of heavy rain especially December to March. The annual rainfall is 1,171 mm (46.1 in).

Climate data for Lichinga, Mozambique (1961-1990 normals, extremes 1951–present)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 30.5
(86.9) 		30.2
(86.4) 		29.8
(85.6) 		30.3
(86.5) 		32.4
(90.3) 		27.0
(80.6) 		29.0
(84.2) 		29.8
(85.6) 		31.0
(87.8) 		36.4
(97.5) 		35.0
(95.0) 		32.0
(89.6) 		36.4
(97.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 24.5
(76.1) 		24.6
(76.3) 		24.5
(76.1) 		23.8
(74.8) 		22.6
(72.7) 		21.0
(69.8) 		20.4
(68.7) 		22.2
(72.0) 		25.1
(77.2) 		27.1
(80.8) 		26.6
(79.9) 		24.9
(76.8) 		23.9
(75.0)
Daily mean °C (°F) 19.6
(67.3) 		19.8
(67.6) 		19.4
(66.9) 		18.6
(65.5) 		16.9
(62.4) 		15.0
(59.0) 		14.7
(58.5) 		16.2
(61.2) 		18.7
(65.7) 		20.7
(69.3) 		20.7
(69.3) 		19.8
(67.6) 		18.4
(65.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 16.1
(61.0) 		16.1
(61.0) 		15.8
(60.4) 		14.6
(58.3) 		12.1
(53.8) 		9.8
(49.6) 		9.4
(48.9) 		10.3
(50.5) 		12.4
(54.3) 		14.8
(58.6) 		15.9
(60.6) 		16.1
(61.0) 		13.6
(56.5)
Record low °C (°F) 10.4
(50.7) 		11.0
(51.8) 		9.0
(48.2) 		7.8
(46.0) 		1.9
(35.4) 		2.7
(36.9) 		1.0
(33.8) 		1.8
(35.2) 		6.6
(43.9) 		8.5
(47.3) 		8.9
(48.0) 		10.5
(50.9) 		1.0
(33.8)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 222.5
(8.76) 		224.1
(8.82) 		201.2
(7.92) 		91.9
(3.62) 		24.6
(0.97) 		2.8
(0.11) 		3.6
(0.14) 		1.0
(0.04) 		3.4
(0.13) 		19.4
(0.76) 		103.0
(4.06) 		234.6
(9.24) 		1,132.1
(44.57)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) 19.4 16.9 17.8 9.8 2.8 0.7 0.9 0.2 0.6 2.6 9.1 17.8 98.6
Average relative humidity (%) 87 86 85 82 76 73 67 63 57 52 65 82 73
Mean monthly sunshine hours 130.2 130.0 161.2 183.0 232.5 222.0 213.9 241.8 246.0 279.0 201.0 139.5 2,380.1
Percent possible sunshine 33 37 43 52 66 66 61 67 69 73 53 35 54
Source 1: Deutscher Wetterdienst[3]
Source 2: NOAA (extremes)[4]

Demographics

[edit]

There are a minimum estimated 450,000 Yao people living in Mozambique. They largely occupy the eastern and northern part of the Niassa province and form about 40% of the population of Lichinga.

Year Population[5]
1997 census 85,758
2007 census 142,331
2017 census 213,361

Transport

[edit]

A railway branch line from the port of Nacala terminates in this town, it has been renovated and receives services 3 times per week. Transport into and out of the city is either by private car or the public chapa, or minibus system. Air service is provided by Lichinga Airport with flights to Nampula and Maputo through LAM Mozambique Airlines or Ethiopian Airlines.[citation needed]

Notable people

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ www.niassatourism.com, Retrieved on June 14, 2008
  2. ^ Do outro lado do tempo: Moçambique antes de 1975 VERSÂO COMPLETA, retrieved 2023-04-08
  3. ^ "Klimatafel von Lichinga (Vila Cabral), Provinz Niassa / Mosambik" (PDF). Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst. Retrieved April 19, 2017.
  4. ^ "Global Historical Climatological Network - Daily". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved January 26, 2023.
  5. ^ "Mozambique: largest cities and towns and statistics of their population". World Gazetteer. Retrieved 2008-06-18.[dead link‍]

13°19′00″S 35°14′00″E / 13.31667°S 35.23333°E / -13.31667; 35.23333

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