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{{short description|Russian religious holiday}}
{{short description|Orthodox religious holiday}}
{{Infobox holiday
{{Infobox holiday
|holiday_name = Thotiana Day
|holiday_name = Tatiana Day
⚫
|image = RIAN archive 113828 Students' holiday, St. Tatyana's Day and the 250th anniversary of Moscow State University named after M. Lomonosov..jpg
|type = ethnic, Eastern Orthodox liturgical days
⚫
|image = RIAN archive 113828 Students' holiday, St. Thotyana's Day and the 250th anniversary of Moscow State University named after M. Lomonosov..jpg
|imagesize =
|imagesize =
|caption = Students of Lomonosov Moscow State University celebrating Thotyana's Day
|caption = Students of [[Lomonosov Moscow State University]] celebrating Tatiana Day
|official_name = Day of Russian students
|official_name = День студенчества (Students Day)
|nickname = Students day
|nickname = Students Day, Tatyana's Day
|observedby = Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova
|observedby = Eastern Orthodox Church, Russia
|litcolor =
|litcolor =
|longtype =
|longtype =
|significance = Russian Students Day
|significance = Public holiday, Orthodox feast day, name day
|begins =
|begins =
|ends =
|ends =
|duration = 1 day
|duration = 1 day
|frequency = annual
|frequency = Annual
|scheduling = same day each year
|scheduling =
|date = 25 January
|date = 25 January
|celebrations =
|celebrations =
|observances =
|observances =
|relatedto = Eastern Orthodox liturgical days
|relatedto =
}}
}}
'''Thotiana Day''' ({{lang-ru|Татьянин день}}, Thotyanin ''den{{'}}'') is a Russian [[religious holiday]] observed on 25 January according to the [[Gregorian calendar]], January 12 according to the [[Julian calendar|Julian]]. It is named after [[Tatiana of Rome|Saint Tatiana]], a [[Christianity|Christian]] [[martyr]] in 3rd-century [[Rome]] during the [[reign]] of [[Roman Emperors|Emperor]] [[Alexander Severus]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.oscailtmagazine.com/Unitarian%20Magazine/Tatiana%20Day.html|title=Tatiana Day}}</ref>
'''Tatiana Day''' ({{langx|ru|Татьянин день}}, ''Tatyanin den{{'}}''), also known as '''Tatyana's Day''' or '''Students Day''', is named after [[Tatiana of Rome|Saint Tatiana]], a [[Christianity|Christian]] [[martyr]] in 3rd-century [[Rome]] during the [[reign]] of [[Roman Emperors|Emperor]] [[Alexander Severus]]. It is also the [[name day]] for the name [[Tatiana]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.oscailtmagazine.com/Unitarian%20Magazine/Tatiana%20Day.html|title=Tatiana Day|access-date=2014-03-11|archive-date=2020-08-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807221853/http://www.oscailtmagazine.com/Unitarian%20Magazine/Tatiana%20Day.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The [[Russian Orthodox Church]] celebrates St. Tatiana's feast on 12 January Julian, which corresponds to 25 January Gregorian in the 20th and 21st centuries. In [[Russia]], the day is known as Students Day, commemorating the end of the winter university exams session.


== Background ==
In 1755, on the [[name day]] of [[Ivan Shuvalov]]'s mother Thotiana Rodionovna, his mistress [[Elizabeth of Russia|Empress Elizabeth]] of Russia endorsed his petition to establish a [[Moscow State University|university in Moscow]]. Shuvalov was Minister of Education.<ref name=tamara>[http://www.russian-moscow.com/students-day-in-russia/ Меленьева, Тамара. "Students Day in Russia", Center for Russian Language Studies, 25 January 2012]</ref> The church of Saint Thotiana was later built in the university campus.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pravmir.com/st-tatiana-day-the-power-of-faith-and-will/|title=St. Tatiana Day: The Power of Faith and Will &#124; A Russian Orthodox Church Website|website=www.pravmir.com}}</ref> A traditional service is conducted at the University's church on 25 January,<ref>[http://voiceofrussia.com/2011/01/25/41226217/ Aristov, Mikhail. "St. Tatiana's Day", Voice Of Russia, 25 January 2011]</ref> followed by speeches and the awarding of prizes.
On 12 January 1755 Julian (23 January 1755 Gregorian), [[Elizabeth of Russia|Empress Elizabeth]] of Russia signed a decree for the establishment of the [[Moscow State University|first Russian university]], which was constructed in [[Moscow]] and put under the care of the first Russian Minister of Education [[Ivan Shuvalov]] (that day was his mother's name day).<ref name="tamara">{{Cite web |last=Melenteva |first=Tamara |date=25 January 2012 |title=Students Day in Russia |url=http://www.russian-moscow.com/students-day-in-russia/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311042745/http://www.russian-moscow.com/students-day-in-russia/ |archive-date=11 March 2014 |access-date=11 March 2014 |publisher=Center for Russian Language Studies}}</ref> In 1791, the Church of Saint Tatiana was built in the university campus,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.pravmir.com/st-tatiana-day-the-power-of-faith-and-will/|title=St. Tatiana Day: The Power of Faith and Will &#124; A Russian Orthodox Church Website|website=www.pravmir.com|access-date=2014-03-11|archive-date=2014-03-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311040649/http://www.pravmir.com/st-tatiana-day-the-power-of-faith-and-will/|url-status=live}}</ref> and the [[Russian Orthodox Church]] declared Saint Tatiana the [[patron saint]] of [[student]]s.<ref>{{cite web|author=Sinitsyna Tatiana|publisher=[[RIA Novosti]]|website=[[Moscow State University]]|url=https://www.msu.ru/press/federalpress/osobyy_smysl_tatyaninogo_dnya.html|title=Особый смысл Татьяниного дня|trans-title=The special meaning of Tatiana's Day|lang=ru|access-date=2022-01-12|archive-date=2021-10-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211022072517/https://www.msu.ru/press/federalpress/osobyy_smysl_tatyaninogo_dnya.html|url-status=live}}</ref>


The [[Russian Orthodox Church]] declared Saint Thotiana the [[patron saint]] of [[student]]s,<ref name=rt>{{Cite web|url=http://rt.com/news/prime-time/st-tatyanas-day-kicks-off-winter-holidays-for-russian-students/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140311041941/http://rt.com/news/prime-time/st-tatyanas-day-kicks-off-winter-holidays-for-russian-students/|deadurl=y|title="St. Tatyana's day kicks off winter holidays for Russian students", ''Russia Today'', 27 January 2008|archivedate=March 11, 2014}}</ref> and Thotiana Day has come to be celebrated as ''Russian Students Day''. The observance has a long tradition of festive activities. In 1885, [[Anton Chekhov|Chekhov]] wrote, "This year everything was drunk, except the water from the Moscow river, and only because it was frozen".<ref name=tamara/> Parties begin with a traditional honey-based mead.<ref>[http://russialite.com/students-day-tatianas-day%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%8c-%d1%81%d1%82%d1%83%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b2-%d1%82%d0%b0%d1%82-very-russian-toga-party/ Eremeeva, Jennifer. "Students' Day", ''Russia Lite'', 25 January 2011] (broken link)</ref> Although originating in Moscow, St. Thotiana's Day celebrations have spread to most university towns.
Tatiana Day has come to be celebrated as ''Students Day'' in countries of the former Russian empire. The observance has a long tradition of festive activities and celebrations. In 1885, [[Anton Chekhov|Chekhov]] wrote about Tatiana Day, "This year everything was drunk, except the water from the Moscow river, and only because it was frozen".<ref name=tamara/> The day begins with a traditional service conducted at the University's church{{cn|date=May 2023}} followed by speeches and the awarding of prizes. Later in the day, many students host or attend parties and public events.<ref>[http://russialite.com/students-day-tatianas-day%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%8c-%d1%81%d1%82%d1%83%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b2-%d1%82%d0%b0%d1%82-very-russian-toga-party/ Eremeeva, Jennifer. "Students' Day", ''Russia Lite'', 25 January 2011] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190916004234/http://russialite.com/students-day-tatianas-day%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%8c-%d1%81%d1%82%d1%83%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b2-%d1%82%d0%b0%d1%82-very-russian-toga-party/ |date=16 September 2019 }} (broken link)</ref> Although originating in Moscow, St. Tatiana's Day celebrations have spread to most university towns.<ref>{{cite book| author = В. Руга, А. Кокорев | chapter = | chapter-url = | format = | url = | title = Москва повседневная | orig-year = | agency = | edition = |location= Москва |date = 2005 |publisher= ОЛМА-ПРЕСС |volume= | pages = 17| series = | isbn = 5-224-05095-2}}</ref>


Coincidentally 25 January is also the end of the first term of the traditional [[Academic term#Russia|academic year]] for Russian students<ref name=rt/> – the end of winter exams session, followed by a two-week winter holiday.{{cn|date=January 2017}}
Tatiana Day also coincides with the end of the first term of the traditional [[Academic term#Russia|academic year]] for Russian students, so the holiday also functions as a day of celebration for the completion of final exams.<ref>[http://ria.ru/history/20070125/59649701.html 25 января] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131227164927/http://ria.ru/history/20070125/59649701.html |date=2013-12-27 }} // РИА Новости, 25 января 2003 года</ref>


==References==
==References==
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==External links==
==External links==
* {{ru icon}} [http://st-tatiana.ru/ St. Tatiana's Chapel at the Moscow State University]
* {{in lang|ru}} [http://st-tatiana.ru/ St. Tatiana's Chapel at the Moscow State University]
* {{ru icon}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927235302/http://www.cathedral.ru/holy/muchenica_tatiana Site for the St. Isaac's Cathedral]
* {{in lang|ru}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927235302/http://www.cathedral.ru/holy/muchenica_tatiana Site for the St. Isaac's Cathedral]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050502220335/http://www.chattablogs.com/aionioszoe/archives/020064.html Martyrdom of St. Tatiana of Rome (includes icon)]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050502220335/http://www.chattablogs.com/aionioszoe/archives/020064.html Martyrdom of St. Tatiana of Rome (includes icon)]


Latest revision as of 18:20, 31 October 2024

Tatiana Day
Students of Lomonosov Moscow State University celebrating Tatiana Day
Official nameДень студенчества (Students Day)
Also calledStudents Day, Tatyana's Day
Observed byEastern Orthodox Church, Russia
SignificancePublic holiday, Orthodox feast day, name day
Date25 January
FrequencyAnnual

Tatiana Day (Russian: Татьянин день, Tatyanin den'), also known as Tatyana's Day or Students Day, is named after Saint Tatiana, a Christian martyr in 3rd-century Rome during the reign of Emperor Alexander Severus. It is also the name day for the name Tatiana.[1] The Russian Orthodox Church celebrates St. Tatiana's feast on 12 January Julian, which corresponds to 25 January Gregorian in the 20th and 21st centuries. In Russia, the day is known as Students Day, commemorating the end of the winter university exams session.

Background

[edit]

On 12 January 1755 Julian (23 January 1755 Gregorian), Empress Elizabeth of Russia signed a decree for the establishment of the first Russian university, which was constructed in Moscow and put under the care of the first Russian Minister of Education Ivan Shuvalov (that day was his mother's name day).[2] In 1791, the Church of Saint Tatiana was built in the university campus,[3] and the Russian Orthodox Church declared Saint Tatiana the patron saint of students.[4]

Tatiana Day has come to be celebrated as Students Day in countries of the former Russian empire. The observance has a long tradition of festive activities and celebrations. In 1885, Chekhov wrote about Tatiana Day, "This year everything was drunk, except the water from the Moscow river, and only because it was frozen".[2] The day begins with a traditional service conducted at the University's church[citation needed] followed by speeches and the awarding of prizes. Later in the day, many students host or attend parties and public events.[5] Although originating in Moscow, St. Tatiana's Day celebrations have spread to most university towns.[6]

Tatiana Day also coincides with the end of the first term of the traditional academic year for Russian students, so the holiday also functions as a day of celebration for the completion of final exams.[7]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Tatiana Day". Archived from the original on 2020-08-07. Retrieved 2014-03-11.
  2. ^ a b Melenteva, Tamara (25 January 2012). "Students Day in Russia". Center for Russian Language Studies. Archived from the original on 11 March 2014. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
  3. ^ "St. Tatiana Day: The Power of Faith and Will | A Russian Orthodox Church Website". www.pravmir.com. Archived from the original on 2014-03-11. Retrieved 2014-03-11.
  4. ^ Sinitsyna Tatiana. "Особый смысл Татьяниного дня" [The special meaning of Tatiana's Day]. Moscow State University (in Russian). RIA Novosti. Archived from the original on 2021-10-22. Retrieved 2022-01-12.
  5. ^ Eremeeva, Jennifer. "Students' Day", Russia Lite, 25 January 2011 Archived 16 September 2019 at the Wayback Machine (broken link)
  6. ^ В. Руга, А. Кокорев (2005). Москва повседневная. Москва: ОЛМА-ПРЕСС. p. 17. ISBN 5-224-05095-2.
  7. ^ 25 января Archived 2013-12-27 at the Wayback Machine // РИА Новости, 25 января 2003 года
[edit]
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