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Coordinates: 51°06′N 5°53′E / 51.100°N 5.883°E / 51.100; 5.883
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{{use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{About|the settlement in the Netherlands|the Dutch and German word for "real"|Wiktionary:echt#Dutch|and|Wiktionary:echt#German}}
{{About|the settlement in the Netherlands|the Dutch and German word for "real"|Wiktionary:echt#Dutch|and|Wiktionary:echt#German}}
{{More citations needed|date=December 2009}}
{{More citations needed|date=December 2009}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
|name = Echt
| name = Echt
| settlement_type = City
|native_name = {{native name|li|Ech}}
|image_skyline = Echtlandricuskerk.jpg
| native_name = {{native name|li|Ech}}
|imagesize =
| native_name_lang =
| image_skyline = Echtlandricuskerk.jpg
|image_caption = The {{ill|Sint-Landricuskerk|nl}}
| image_alt =
|image_flag = Echt vlag.svg
| image_caption = The [[Sint-Landricuskerk]]
|flag_size = 120x100px
| image_flag = Echt vlag.svg
|image_shield=Blason ville nl Echt(Limburg).svg
| image_shield = Blason ville nl Echt(Limburg).svg
|shield_size = 120x100px
| nickname =
|image_map = LocatieEcht.png
| motto =
|mapsize = 280px
| image_map =
| pushpin_map =Netherlands
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the Netherlands
| image_map1 =
| pushpin_label_position =
| map_caption1 =
| coordinates = {{Coord|51|06|N|5|53|E|region:NL_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| pushpin_map = Netherlands#Netherlands Limburg
|subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| pushpin_label_position = left
|subdivision_name = [[Netherlands]]
| pushpin_mapsize = 250
|subdivision_type1 = Province
|subdivision_name1 = [[Limburg (Netherlands)|Limburg]]
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the Netherlands##Location in the province of Limburg in the Netherlands
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_type2 = Municipality
| subdivision_name = [[Netherlands]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Echt-Susteren]]
| subdivision_type1 = Province
|area_footnotes = (2006)
| subdivision_name1 = [[Limburg (Netherlands)|Limburg]]
|area_total_km2 = 75.13
| subdivision_type2 = Municipality
|area_land_km2 =
| subdivision_name2 = [[Echt-Susteren]]
|area_water_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name="AHN">{{cite web |url = http://www.ahn.nl/postcodetool |title = Postcodetool for 6101AA |language = nl |work = Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland |publisher = Het Waterschapshuis |access-date = 23 April 2022 }}</ref>
|population_as_of = 1 January 2008
| elevation_m = 26
|population_note =
| elevation_min_m =
|settlement_type = City
| elevation_max_m =
|population_total = 7757
| area_footnotes = <ref name="stat"/>
|population_density_km2 =
| area_total_km2 = 12.35
|timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| established_title =
|utc_offset = +1
| established_date =
|timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| population_footnotes = <ref name="stat">{{cite web |url=https://www.cbs.nl/-/media/_excel/2021/48/kwb-2021.xls |title=Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2021 |website=Central Bureau of Statistics |access-date=23 April 2022}}</ref>
|utc_offset_DST = +2
| population_total = 7,655
|latd =
| population_as_of = 2021
|latm =
| population_demonym =
|latNS =
| population_note =
|longd =
| population_density_km2 = auto
|longm =
| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
|longEW =
| utc_offset = +1
| timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| postal_code_type = [[List of postal codes in the Netherlands|Postal code]]
| postal_code = 6101<ref name="stat"/>
| area_code_type = [[Telephone numbers in the Netherlands|Dialing code]]
| area_code = 0475
| coordinates = {{Coord|51|06|N|5|53|E|region:NL_type:city|display=inline,title}}
}}
}}


'''Echt''' ({{IPA-nl|ɛxt|lang|nl-echt.ogg}}; {{Lang-li|Ech}}) is a city in the Dutch [[municipality]] of [[Echt-Susteren]] in the province of [[Limburg (Netherlands)|Limburg]], [[Netherlands]]. It was a municipality itself until it merged with the municipality of [[Susteren]] on January 1, 2003.
'''Echt''' ({{IPA|nl|ɛxt|lang|nl-echt.ogg}}; {{Langx|li|Ech}} {{IPA|li|ˈæx|}}) is a city in the Dutch [[municipality]] of [[Echt-Susteren]] in the province of [[Limburg (Netherlands)|Limburg]], [[Netherlands]]. It was a municipality itself until it merged with the municipality of [[Susteren]] on 1 January 2003.


The municipality of Echt had about 19,300 inhabitants and an [[area]] of about 75,13 square km.
The municipality of Echt had about 19,300 inhabitants and an [[area]] of about 75,13 square km.


== History ==
== History ==
[[File:RAL K 104 - Crop2.jpg|200px|thumb|Map of Echt by [[Jacob van Deventer (cartographer)|Jacob van Deventer]], c. 1550]]
[[File:Echt, Kuyper (Kuijper).jpg|200px|thumb|Echt in 1866]]
First recorded in the 7th century, Echt was a village, then within the [[County of Loon]]. Between 928 and 939 [[Gerberga of Saxony]] gave the estate of "Ettha" and its church to the [[Basilica of Saint Servatius|St Servatius]] community in [[Maastricht]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|archive-date=2016-03-05|title=REGESTEN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305112727/https://www.roermond.nl/organisatie/BS/Arch/docs/regesten/02.%20Regesten%20nr.%201%20nr%201282.pdf|access-date=2020-09-04|url=https://www.roermond.nl/organisatie/BS/Arch/docs/regesten/02.%20Regesten%20nr.%201%20nr%201282.pdf}}</ref>
First recorded in the 7th century, Echt was a village, then within the [[County of Loon]]. Between 928 and 939 [[Gerberga of Saxony]] gave the estate of "Ettha" and its church to the [[Basilica of Saint Servatius|St Servatius]] community in [[Maastricht]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|archive-date=2016-03-05|title=REGESTEN|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305112727/https://www.roermond.nl/organisatie/BS/Arch/docs/regesten/02.%20Regesten%20nr.%201%20nr%201282.pdf|access-date=2020-09-04|url=https://www.roermond.nl/organisatie/BS/Arch/docs/regesten/02.%20Regesten%20nr.%201%20nr%201282.pdf}}</ref>


In 1075/1076 [[Gerard I, Count of Guelders|Gerard I]] of Guelders, received the estate of Echt on loan from [[Albert III, Count of Namur|Albert III]], Count of [[Namur]] and deputy duke of [[Lower Lotharingia|Lower Lorraine]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Alberts|title=Van heerlijkheid tot landsheerlijkheid|year=1978|pages=48–9}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> However, a charter from [[Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Henry IV]] from 1087 gives a different picture of this donation: according to the Godschalk van Aken, Gerard I of Guelders is said to have illegally taken possession of the church of Echt ("Echta") ("invaserat"), while this belonged to the St. Servatius Chapter. By judgment of the imperial court of [[Aachen]] ("Aquisgrani") the church of Echt was returned to the Maastricht chapter.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />
In 1075/1076 [[Gerard I, Count of Guelders|Gerard I]] of Guelders, received the estate of Echt on loan from [[Albert III, Count of Namur|Albert III]], Count of [[Namur]] and deputy duke of [[Lower Lotharingia|Lower Lorraine]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Alberts|title=Van heerlijkheid tot landsheerlijkheid|year=1978|pages=48–9}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> However, a charter from [[Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Henry IV]] from 1087 gives a different picture of this donation: according to the Godschalk van Aken, Gerard I of Guelders is said to have illegally taken possession of the church of Echt ("Echta") ("invaserat"), while this belonged to the St. Servatius Chapter. By judgment of the imperial court of [[Aachen]] ("Aquisgrani") the church of Echt was returned to the Maastricht chapter.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />


A source from 1590 shows Echt as a "Minderstädteof" (small town) within the States of Upper Guelders.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Schaïk|first=R.W.M. van|date=1989-01-01|title=S. Frankewitz, G. Venner, De zegels der steden en dorpen in het Overkwartier van Gelder. Die Siegel der Städte und Dörfer im geldrischen Oberquartier 1250-1798|journal=BMGN: Low Countries Historical Review|volume=104|issue=3|pages=419|doi=10.18352/bmgn-lchr.3119|doi-access=free|issn=2211-2898}}</ref> Small towns were legally and economically less privileged than large cities such as [[Roermond]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Alberts|title=Van heerlijkheid tot landsheerlijkheid|year=1978|pages=65–66}}</ref> Nevertheless, it had a [[Defensive wall|wall with gates]], a hospital and [[cloth hall]]. A city [[moat]] was constructed after the second half of the 13th century. After significant depopulation caused by wars and plagues, Echt was usually considered to be a village. Only after 1630 was it again consistently referred to as [[city]], even by its own [[Alderman|aldermen]].
The [[Alderman|aldermen]] of Echt, who had their own seal, are mentioned first on 29 June 1259. A source from 1590 shows Echt as a "Minderstädteof" (small town) within the States of Upper Guelders.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Schaïk|first=R.W.M. van|date=1989-01-01|title=S. Frankewitz, G. Venner, De zegels der steden en dorpen in het Overkwartier van Gelder. Die Siegel der Städte und Dörfer im geldrischen Oberquartier 1250-1798|journal=BMGN: Low Countries Historical Review|volume=104|issue=3|pages=419–420|doi=10.18352/bmgn-lchr.3119|doi-access=free|issn=2211-2898}}</ref> Small towns were legally and economically less privileged than large cities such as [[Roermond]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Alberts|title=Van heerlijkheid tot landsheerlijkheid|year=1978|pages=65–66}}</ref> Nevertheless, it had a [[Defensive wall|wall with gates]], a hospital and [[cloth hall]]. A city [[moat]] was constructed after the second half of the 13th century. In May 1397, during a war between Brabant and Gelderland, the people of [[Liège]] destroyed the fortified town. In 1473 the city was conquered by [[Charles the Bold]], while in 1497 [[Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor|Maximilian I]] took its castle. However, the city was recaptured by Guelders shortly thereafter. In 1556, during the [[Eighty Years' War]], it was looted by mercenaries in the Spanish army. It then changed occupiers several times and suffered waves of destruction. Of the old fortifications only the canals were left by the end of the war.
After significant depopulation caused by wars and plagues, Echt was usually considered to be a village. Only after 1630 was it again consistently referred to as [[city]], even by its own aldermen.


At the [[Treaty of Utrecht]], ending the [[War of the Spanish Succession]] in 1713, Echt became part of the [[Dutch Republic|United Provinces]] together with [[Venlo]] and [[Montfort (Limburg)|Montfort]]. In 1795 Guelders was finally conquered and incorporated by the [[French First Republic]], and partitioned between the départements of [[Roer (department)|Roer]] and [[Meuse-Inférieure]]
At the [[Treaty of Utrecht]], ending the [[War of the Spanish Succession]] in 1713, Echt became part of the [[Dutch Republic|United Provinces]] together with [[Venlo]] and [[Montfort (Limburg)|Montfort]]. In 1795 Guelders was finally conquered and incorporated by the [[French First Republic]], and partitioned between the départements of [[Roer (department)|Roer]] and [[Meuse-Inférieure]]


== Sights ==
== Sights ==
* {{ill|Sint-Landricuskerk|nl}}; a [[Roman Catholicism|Catholic]] [[hall church]] in [[gothic architecture|gothic style]].
* [[Saint Landricuskerk, Echt|Sint Landricuskerk]], a [[Roman Catholicism|Catholic]] [[hall church]] in [[Gothic architecture|Gothic style]].
* [[Lilbosch Abbey]] ({{langx|nl|Abdij Lilbosch}}) a [[monastery]] of the [[Trappists]].
* [[Carmelite Monastery, Echt|Carmelite Monastery]], founded 1879, known for [[Edith Stein]]
* Huis Verduynen, a moated mansion first mentioned in 1400 and rebuilt in 1667
* Sint-Rochus chapel, founded in 1686 and rebuilt in 1910
* [[Chapel of Our Lady, Echt|Chapel of Our Lady]], a 17h-century chapel

<gallery>
File:Exterieur ZUIDGEVEL - Schilberg - 20268616 - RCE.jpg|[[Chapel of Our Lady, Echt|Chapel of Our Lady]]
File:Echt (Echt-Susteren) kerk noordwestzijde.JPG|Northwest side of the [[Saint Landricuskerk, Echt|Saint Landricuskerk]]
File:Echt, Limburg, hoekhuis Plats 8.JPG|Corner house in Echt
File:Abdij Lilbosch (Echt-Susteren) kerk exterieur priesterkoor.JPG|Priests' choir in [[Lilbosch Abbey]]
</gallery>


== Economy ==
== Economy ==
Line 66: Line 91:


== Nature and landscape ==
== Nature and landscape ==
Echt is located on the [[Meuse|Maas]] river, at a height of about 28 meters. To the west of Echt are industrial estates, a motorway and the [[Juliana Canal]]. To the east, the hamlets of Schilberg and Hingen and the church village of Pey are attached to Echt. Other nearby hamlets include [[Gebroek]], Slek and Ophoven to the south, Aasterberg to the west, and Berkelaar to the north.
Echt is located on the [[Meuse|Maas]] river, at a height of about 28 meters. To the west of Echt are industrial estates, a motorway and the [[Juliana Canal]]. To the east, the hamlets of Schilberg and Hingen and the church village of [[Pey, Netherlands|Pey]] are attached to Echt. Other nearby hamlets include [[Gebroek]], Slek and Ophoven to the south, Aasterberg to the west, and Berkelaar to the north.


==Transportation==
==Transportation==
Line 72: Line 97:
* [[Echt railway station]] is served by NS: [[Nederlandse Spoorwegen|Dutch Railways]] (''Dutch: Nederlandse Spoorwegen'')
* [[Echt railway station]] is served by NS: [[Nederlandse Spoorwegen|Dutch Railways]] (''Dutch: Nederlandse Spoorwegen'')
* Echt has its own quay on the [[Juliana Canal]].
* Echt has its own quay on the [[Juliana Canal]].

== Notable people ==
* [[Piet van den Brekel]] (1932–1999) a Dutch racing cyclist
* [[Annefleur Bruggeman]] (born 1997) a Dutch handball player
* [[Rob Ehrens]] (born 1957) a Dutch equestrian
* [[Maud Hawinkels]] (born 1976) a Dutch TV presenter
* [[Adrian van Hooydonk]] (born 1964) a Dutch automobile designer
* [[Theo van der Leeuw]] (born 1949) a Dutch racing cyclist
* [[Ien Lucas]] (born 1955) a Dutch visual artist
* [[Ria Oomen-Ruijten]] (born 1950) a Dutch politician
* [[Ben Scheres]] (born 1960) a Dutch developmental biologist
* [[Laurence Stassen]] (born 1971) a Dutch politician
* [[Edith Stein]] (1891–1942) a German Jewish philosopher who converted to Catholicism and became a nun
* [[Sef Vergoossen]] (born 1947) a Dutch football manager
* [[Jacques Verheyen]] (1911–1989) a Dutch glazier and painter
* [[Frans Wackers]] (born 1939) a medical doctor and research scientist


==See also==
==See also==
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{{Commons category-inline|Echt, Limburg}}
{{Commons category-inline|Echt, Limburg}}


{{Dutch municipality Echt-Susteren}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


Latest revision as of 19:53, 31 October 2024

This article is about the settlement in the Netherlands. For the Dutch and German word for "real", see Wiktionary:echt § Dutch, and Wiktionary:echt § German.
Echt
Ech (Limburgish)
City
The Sint-Landricuskerk
The Sint-Landricuskerk
Flag of Echt
Flag
Coat of arms of Echt
Coat of arms
Echt is located in Netherlands
Echt
Echt
Location in the Netherlands
Echt is located in Limburg, Netherlands
Echt
Echt
Location in the province of Limburg in the Netherlands
Coordinates: 51°06′N 5°53′E / 51.100°N 5.883°E / 51.100; 5.883
CountryNetherlands
ProvinceLimburg
MunicipalityEcht-Susteren
Area
[1]
 • Total
12.35 km2 (4.77 sq mi)
Elevation
[2]
26 m (85 ft)
Population
 (2021)[1]
 • Total
7,655
 • Density620/km2 (1,600/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
6101[1]
Dialing code0475

Echt (Dutch: [ɛxt] ⓘ; Limburgish: Ech [ˈæx]) is a city in the Dutch municipality of Echt-Susteren in the province of Limburg, Netherlands. It was a municipality itself until it merged with the municipality of Susteren on 1 January 2003.

The municipality of Echt had about 19,300 inhabitants and an area of about 75,13 square km.

History

[edit]
Map of Echt by Jacob van Deventer, c. 1550
Echt in 1866

First recorded in the 7th century, Echt was a village, then within the County of Loon. Between 928 and 939 Gerberga of Saxony gave the estate of "Ettha" and its church to the St Servatius community in Maastricht.[3]

In 1075/1076 Gerard I of Guelders, received the estate of Echt on loan from Albert III, Count of Namur and deputy duke of Lower Lorraine.[4][3] However, a charter from Emperor Henry IV from 1087 gives a different picture of this donation: according to the Godschalk van Aken, Gerard I of Guelders is said to have illegally taken possession of the church of Echt ("Echta") ("invaserat"), while this belonged to the St. Servatius Chapter. By judgment of the imperial court of Aachen ("Aquisgrani") the church of Echt was returned to the Maastricht chapter.[4][3]

The aldermen of Echt, who had their own seal, are mentioned first on 29 June 1259. A source from 1590 shows Echt as a "Minderstädteof" (small town) within the States of Upper Guelders.[5] Small towns were legally and economically less privileged than large cities such as Roermond.[6] Nevertheless, it had a wall with gates, a hospital and cloth hall. A city moat was constructed after the second half of the 13th century. In May 1397, during a war between Brabant and Gelderland, the people of Liège destroyed the fortified town. In 1473 the city was conquered by Charles the Bold, while in 1497 Maximilian I took its castle. However, the city was recaptured by Guelders shortly thereafter. In 1556, during the Eighty Years' War, it was looted by mercenaries in the Spanish army. It then changed occupiers several times and suffered waves of destruction. Of the old fortifications only the canals were left by the end of the war.

After significant depopulation caused by wars and plagues, Echt was usually considered to be a village. Only after 1630 was it again consistently referred to as city, even by its own aldermen.

At the Treaty of Utrecht, ending the War of the Spanish Succession in 1713, Echt became part of the United Provinces together with Venlo and Montfort. In 1795 Guelders was finally conquered and incorporated by the French First Republic, and partitioned between the départements of Roer and Meuse-Inférieure

Sights

[edit]

Economy

[edit]

From the late 19th century, Echt was the centre of an important roof tile industry.

There are two business parks in Echt, namely De Berk, and De Loop.

Nature and landscape

[edit]

Echt is located on the Maas river, at a height of about 28 meters. To the west of Echt are industrial estates, a motorway and the Juliana Canal. To the east, the hamlets of Schilberg and Hingen and the church village of Pey are attached to Echt. Other nearby hamlets include Gebroek, Slek and Ophoven to the south, Aasterberg to the west, and Berkelaar to the north.

Transportation

[edit]

Notable people

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c "Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2021". Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
  2. ^ "Postcodetool for 6101AA". Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland (in Dutch). Het Waterschapshuis. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
  3. ^ a b c "REGESTEN" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 4 September 2020.
  4. ^ a b Alberts (1978). Van heerlijkheid tot landsheerlijkheid. pp. 48–9.
  5. ^ Schaïk, R.W.M. van (1 January 1989). "S. Frankewitz, G. Venner, De zegels der steden en dorpen in het Overkwartier van Gelder. Die Siegel der Städte und Dörfer im geldrischen Oberquartier 1250-1798". BMGN: Low Countries Historical Review. 104 (3): 419–420. doi:10.18352/bmgn-lchr.3119. ISSN 2211-2898.
  6. ^ Alberts (1978). Van heerlijkheid tot landsheerlijkheid. pp. 65–66.
[edit]

Media related to Echt, Limburg at Wikimedia Commons

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