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{{short description|United States Army general}}
⚫
{{Infobox person
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2022}}

⚫
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Guido Norman Lieber
| name = Guido Norman Lieber
| image = Guido Norman Lieber.jpg
| image = Guido Norman Lieber.jpg
| birth_date = May 21, 1837
| birth_date = May 21, 1837
| birth_place = Columbia, South Carolina
| birth_place = Columbia, South Carolina
| death_date = April 25, 1923
| death_date = {{death date and age|1923|4|25|1837|5|21}}
| burial_place = Arlington National Cemetery
| burial_place = Arlington National Cemetery
| nationality = American
| nationality = American
| occupation = United States lawyer and jurist
| occupation = United States lawyer and jurist
| known_for = one of the founders of the military service institution
| known_for = One of the founders of the military service institution
|office = [[Judge Advocate General of the United States Army]]
|president = [[Grover Cleveland]]<br>[[William McKinley]]
|term_start = January 3, 1895
|term_end = May 21, 1901
|predecessor = [[David G. Swaim]]
|successor = [[Thomas F. Barr]]
|party =
|spouse =
|education =
|signature =
}}
}}

[[File:Brigadier General Guido Norman Lieber.jpg|thumb|Guido Norman Lieber by [[Harris & Ewing photo studio|Harris & Ewing]].]]
[[File:Brigadier General Guido Norman Lieber.jpg|thumb|Guido Norman Lieber by [[Harris & Ewing photo studio|Harris & Ewing]].]]
'''Guido Norman Lieber''' (21 May 1837, [[Columbia, South Carolina]] – April 25, 1923<ref>[[:de:Francis Lieber|German Wikipedia: Francis Lieber]]</ref>) was a [[United States Army]] lawyer and jurist.
'''Guido Norman Lieber''' (May 21, 1837, [[Columbia, South Carolina]] – April 25, 1923<ref>[[:de:Francis Lieber|German Wikipedia: Francis Lieber]]</ref>) was a [[United States Army]] lawyer and jurist.


==Biography==
==Biography==
He was the son of jurist [[Francis Lieber]], who developed the [[Lieber Code]] governing conduct of soldiers in wartime. He graduated from the [[University of South Carolina]] in 1856, and at [[Harvard Law School]] in 1859, and in that year was admitted to the bar of New York.
He was the son of jurist [[Francis Lieber]], who developed the [[Lieber Code]] governing conduct of soldiers in wartime. He graduated from the [[University of South Carolina]] in 1856, and at [[Harvard Law School]] in 1859, and in that year was admitted to the bar of New York.


At the beginning of the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] he became 1st lieutenant in the 11th infantry, U.S. Army, and was appointed regimental adjutant, and served during the peninsular campaign under [[George B. McClellan]], being brevetted captain for gallantry at the [[Battle of Gaines' Mill]] on 27 June 1862. He was with his regiment at the [[Second Battle of Bull Run]], being then appointed aide-de-camp to the general-in-chief. In 1862 he was appointed major and [[judge advocate]], and he served in this capacity in the [[Department of the Gulf]], being present in the Teche and Red River campaigns. For gallantry during the latter he received another brevet, and he was brevetted a third time for services during the war. He also served as adjutant general of the department, and as judge of the provost court in [[New Orleans, Louisiana|New Orleans]]. He was then transferred to the [[Judge Advocate General's Corps, United States Army#The Judge Advocate General|Judge Advocate General]]'s office in Washington.<ref>Joshua E. Kastenberg, Law in War, Law as War: Brigadier General Joseph Holt and the Judge Advocate General’s Department in the Civil War and Early Reconstruction, 1861-1865 (Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press, 2011), 144</ref>
At the beginning of the [[American Civil War|Civil War]] he became 1st lieutenant in the 11th infantry, U.S. Army, and was appointed regimental adjutant, and served during the peninsular campaign under [[George B. McClellan]], being brevetted captain for gallantry at the [[Battle of Gaines' Mill]] on June 27, 1862. He was with his regiment at the [[Second Battle of Bull Run]], being then appointed aide-de-camp to the general-in-chief. In 1862 he was appointed major and [[judge advocate]], and he served in this capacity in the [[Department of the Gulf]], being present in the Teche and Red River campaigns. For gallantry during the latter he received another brevet, and he was brevetted a third time for services during the war. He also served as adjutant general of the department, and as judge of the provost court in [[New Orleans]]. He was then transferred to the [[Judge Advocate General's Corps, United States Army#The Judge Advocate General|Judge Advocate General]]'s office in Washington.<ref>Joshua E. Kastenberg, Law in War, Law as War: Brigadier General Joseph Holt and the Judge Advocate General’s Department in the Civil War and Early Reconstruction, 1861-1865 (Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press, 2011), 144</ref>


He was appointed assistant to his father in the Bureau of Confederate Archives. He afterward served as judge advocate of various military departments and divisions, being, when stationed in New York, one of the founders of the Military service institution. He was professor of law at the [[U.S. Military Academy]] from 1878 until 1882, when he was assigned to duty in Washington in the Bureau of Military Justice. In 1884 he was appointed Assistant Judge Advocate General, with the rank of colonel, and was on duty as Acting Judge Advocate General of the U.S. Army. In 1895, he was promoted to brigadier general and served as [[Judge Advocate General's Corps, United States Army#The Judge Advocate General|Judge Advocate General]] until 1901, in which capacity he was one of the most valuable advisers of President [[William McKinley]] during the [[Spanish–American War]].<ref>[https://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/Lieber_Collection/Items/normanbio.html Guido Norman Lieber (1837–1923)], ''Library of Congress''</ref>
He was appointed assistant to his father in the Bureau of Confederate Archives. He afterward served as judge advocate of various military departments and divisions, being, when stationed in New York, one of the founders of the Military service institution. He was professor of law at the [[U.S. Military Academy]] from 1878 until 1882, when he was assigned to duty in Washington in the Bureau of Military Justice. In 1884 he was appointed Assistant Judge Advocate General, with the rank of colonel, and was on duty as Acting Judge Advocate General of the U.S. Army. In 1895, he was promoted to brigadier general and served as [[Judge Advocate General's Corps, United States Army#The Judge Advocate General|Judge Advocate General]] until 1901, in which capacity he was one of the most valuable advisers of President [[William McKinley]] during the [[Spanish–American War]].<ref>[https://www.loc.gov/rr/frd/Military_Law/Lieber_Collection/Items/normanbio.html Guido Norman Lieber (1837–1923)], ''Library of Congress''</ref>
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[[Category:United States Military Academy faculty]]
[[Category:United States Military Academy faculty]]
[[Category:American judges]]
[[Category:American judges]]
[[Category:American people of German descent]]
[[Category:American people of German-Jewish descent]]
[[Category:American lawyers]]
[[Category:Jewish American military personnel]]
[[Category:United States Army generals]]
[[Category:United States Army generals]]
[[Category:Union Army officers]]
[[Category:Union army officers]]
[[Category:Harvard Law School alumni]]
[[Category:Harvard Law School alumni]]
[[Category:University of South Carolina alumni]]
[[Category:University of South Carolina alumni]]

Latest revision as of 22:46, 31 October 2024

Guido Norman Lieber
Judge Advocate General of the United States Army
In office
January 3, 1895 – May 21, 1901
PresidentGrover Cleveland
William McKinley
Preceded byDavid G. Swaim
Succeeded byThomas F. Barr
Personal details
BornMay 21, 1837
Columbia, South Carolina
DiedApril 25, 1923(1923-04-25) (aged 85)
NationalityAmerican
OccupationUnited States lawyer and jurist
Known forOne of the founders of the military service institution
Guido Norman Lieber by Harris & Ewing.

Guido Norman Lieber (May 21, 1837, Columbia, South Carolina – April 25, 1923[1]) was a United States Army lawyer and jurist.

Biography

[edit]

He was the son of jurist Francis Lieber, who developed the Lieber Code governing conduct of soldiers in wartime. He graduated from the University of South Carolina in 1856, and at Harvard Law School in 1859, and in that year was admitted to the bar of New York.

At the beginning of the Civil War he became 1st lieutenant in the 11th infantry, U.S. Army, and was appointed regimental adjutant, and served during the peninsular campaign under George B. McClellan, being brevetted captain for gallantry at the Battle of Gaines' Mill on June 27, 1862. He was with his regiment at the Second Battle of Bull Run, being then appointed aide-de-camp to the general-in-chief. In 1862 he was appointed major and judge advocate, and he served in this capacity in the Department of the Gulf, being present in the Teche and Red River campaigns. For gallantry during the latter he received another brevet, and he was brevetted a third time for services during the war. He also served as adjutant general of the department, and as judge of the provost court in New Orleans. He was then transferred to the Judge Advocate General's office in Washington.[2]

He was appointed assistant to his father in the Bureau of Confederate Archives. He afterward served as judge advocate of various military departments and divisions, being, when stationed in New York, one of the founders of the Military service institution. He was professor of law at the U.S. Military Academy from 1878 until 1882, when he was assigned to duty in Washington in the Bureau of Military Justice. In 1884 he was appointed Assistant Judge Advocate General, with the rank of colonel, and was on duty as Acting Judge Advocate General of the U.S. Army. In 1895, he was promoted to brigadier general and served as Judge Advocate General until 1901, in which capacity he was one of the most valuable advisers of President William McKinley during the Spanish–American War.[3]

Lieber was a member (Companion No. 05226) of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, the first post-Civil War veterans' organization, founded by and for men who had served as commissioned officers in the armed forces of the Union.

Works

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His publications include several important treatises on the laws of war, such as The Use of the Army in Aid of the Civil Power (1898), and Remarks on the Army Regulations (1898).[4]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ German Wikipedia: Francis Lieber
  2. ^ Joshua E. Kastenberg, Law in War, Law as War: Brigadier General Joseph Holt and the Judge Advocate General’s Department in the Civil War and Early Reconstruction, 1861-1865 (Durham, NC: Carolina Academic Press, 2011), 144
  3. ^ Guido Norman Lieber (1837–1923), Library of Congress
  4. ^ Gilman, D. C.; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). "Lieber, Guido Norman" . New International Encyclopedia (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.

References

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