Moshe Schick: Difference between revisions
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{{redirect-distinguish|Maharam Schick|Maharam Shiff}} |
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:''For "Maharam Shiff" see [[Meir Shiff]].'' |
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{{Infobox religious biography |
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Rabbi '''Moshe Shik''' (unknown location, [[Slovakia]], 1807-[[Chust]], 1879) ([[Hebrew]] משה שיק) was a [[Rosh Yeshiva]] and [[Posek]], and one of the leading [[Hungary|Hungarian]] [[rabbi]]s of his time [http://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/116294/jewish/Sources.htm].<ref> Pirḳe Avot intro Yosef Marcus - 2005 "Maharam Shik: R. Moshe Shik (1807-1879), author of a commentary on Avot, among other works. A student of R. Moshe Sofer, author of Chatam Sofer, he established a yeshiva in Chust, Hungary."</ref> |
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| honorific-prefix = Rabbi |
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| name = Moshe Schick |
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| image = MaharamSchick.JPG |
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| caption = Rabbi Schick, 1868 |
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| birth_date = March 1, 1807 |
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| birth_place = [[Birkenhein]], [[Kingdom of Hungary]] (present-day [[Brezová pod Bradlom]], [[Slovakia]]) |
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| death_date = January 25, 1879 |
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| death_place = [[Khust|Huszt]], [[Hungary]] (present-day [[Ukraine]]) |
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| nationality = Hungarian |
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| occupation = Rabbi |
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| known_for = Prominent Orthodox rabbi, leader in the Orthodox camp during the struggle with the [[Neolog Judaism|Neologs]] |
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| title = Maharam Schick |
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| education = [[Pressburg Yeshiva (Austria-Hungary)|Volozhin Yeshiva]] |
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| works = Responsa on all four parts of the [[Shulchan Aruch]], Torah commentary, sermons, novellae on the Talmud, etc. |
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}} |
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'''Moshe Schick''' (1 March 1807 – 25 January 1879; {{langx|he|משה שיק}}, alternatively spelled as ''Shick'', ''Shik'', ''Shieck'') was a prominent [[Kingdom of Hungary|Hungarian]] [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox]] rabbi. |
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In rabbinical commentary Shik is commonly known as the '''Maharam Shik'''(מהר"ם שיק); ''Maharam'' is the acronym for ''Moreinu Harav Moishe'', which means "Our Teacher the Rabbi Moshe" in [[Hebrew]]. The spelling of his surname varies, including '''Shick''', '''Schick''', and '''Shieck'''; the surname is itself an acronym for "'''Sh'''em '''Y'''israel '''K'''adosh" ("a holy, Jewish name"), a [[surname]] chosen by Maharam Shik's grandfather, when the Jews of [[Austro-Hungary]] were required to take on surnames [http://www.mytzadik.com/tadik.asp?kever_id=220&safaid=6]; see [[History_of_the_Jews_in_Hungary#Under_Joseph_II_.281780–1790.29|History of the Jews in Hungary: Under Joseph II (1780-1790)]]. |
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In rabbinical commentary Shik is commonly known as the '''Maharam Schick''' (מהר"ם שיק); ''Maharam'' is the [[Hebrew]] acronym for ''Moreinu Harav Moshe'' (מורינו הרב משה), which means "Our Teacher Rabbi Moses". |
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==Biography== |
==Biography== |
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Schick was born in Birkenhein, [[Kingdom of Hungary]] (contemporary [[Brezová pod Bradlom]], Slovakia), the son of Rabbi Joseph Schick. The family were descended from Rabbi Hanoch Heinich Schick of [[Shklov]]. He was a cousin of [[Elijah Schik]]. |
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At the age of 11, Moshe |
At the age of 11, Moshe Shick was sent to study with his uncle, Rabbi Yitzchak Frankel, the ''[[Av Beth Din]]'' in [[Regensdorf]]. When he was 14, he was sent to learn under [[Moses Sofer]] in [[Pressburg]], where he stayed for six years. Sofer called his prodigious student "a treasure chest full of holy books". When he was 20, Moses Shick married his cousin, Gittel Frankel. They had several children. He was appointed Rabbi of [[Yeregin]] in 1838, where he opened a [[yeshiva]]. He taught students there for three decades. In 1861 he became Rabbi of [[Khust|Huszt]], present-day [[Ukraine]], and moved his 800-student yeshiva with him. |
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Schick was a leading figure in the [[Schism in Hungarian Jewry|Orthodox camp during its struggle]] with the [[Neolog Judaism|Neologs]], who promoted educational, social and moderate religious reform and embraced the [[Magyarization]] policy of the government. On 28 December 1867, shortly after the [[Austro-Hungarian Compromise]], the Jews of Hungary were legally [[Jewish emancipation|emancipated]]. Minister of Religion [[József Eötvös]] sought to establish a national Jewish organization which would represent the various communities before the government. The Orthodox, fearing the institution will be dominated by their rivals, held a rabbinical assembly in Pest between 24 November and 3 December 1868. [[Samuel Benjamin Sofer]] was elected president, and Schick had no official position, yet he emerged as leader. It was he who decided to send Eötvös a letter declaring that the Orthodox will not accept the resolutions of the upcoming National Jewish Congress – which was convened in Pest, between 10 December and 23 February 1869, to form the new organization – unless it would conform with their rabbis' opinions. Schick and Sigmund Kraus, a lay activist, led the Orthodox campaign to secede from the directory.<ref>[[Jacob Katz]]. ''A House Divided: Orthodoxy and Schism in Nineteenth-Century Central European Jewry''. Brandeis University Press, 1998. {{ISBN|978-1584652953}}. pp. 131-133.</ref> On 15 November 1871, the new Minister of Religion [[Tivadar Pauler]] recognized the Central Bureau of the Autonomous Jewish Orthodox Communities in Hungary (Magyarországi Autonóm Orthodox Izraelita Hitfelekezet Központi Irodája), which was separate and independent from the Neolog-oriented National Jewish Bureau (Az Izraeliták Országos Irodája).<ref>Margit Balogh, Jenő Gergely. ''Egyházak az újkori Magyarországon, 1790-1992: kronológia''. MTA Történettudományi Intézete, 1993 .{{ISBN|9789638311214}}. p. 94.</ref> |
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He was appointed Rabbi of [[Yeregin]] in 1838, where he opened a [[yeshiva]]. In 1868 he became Rabbi of [[Khust|Chust]], [[Ukraine]], and moved his 800-student yeshiva there. He was active in arguing against the [[Haskalah]] movement and called for the establishment of a counter [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox]] movement. In 1868 his wish was fulfilled, with the establishment of separate Orthodox communities. |
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He died in Chust in 1879. |
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==Works== |
==Works== |
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Maharam Shik authored [[responsa] |
Maharam Shik authored [[responsa]] on all four parts of the [[Shulchan Aruch]] and the [[613 Mitzvot]]; these ''She'elot U'Tshuvot - MaHaram Shik'' contain over 1000 discussions, on all issues of life, and are published in 3 volumes. |
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Other works include |
Other works include: |
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*''Chidushe ha-Maharam Shik'' |
*''Chidushe ha-Maharam Shik'' – [[Chidush|Novellae]] on the [[Talmud]] |
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*''Derashot Maharam Shik'' |
*''Derashot Maharam Shik'' – Sermons |
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*''Sefer Maharam Shik al ha-Torah'' |
*''Sefer Maharam Shik al ha-Torah'' – [[Rabbinic literature#Classic Torah and Talmud commentaries|Torah Commentary]] |
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*''Maharam Shik al taryag mitsvot'' |
*''Maharam Shik al taryag mitsvot'' – on the [[613 Mitzvot|613 commandents]] |
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*''Chidushe Aggados Maharam Shik'' – on Maseches Avos |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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'''Biographical''' |
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'''Full text resources''' |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Later Acharonim]] |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Shik, Moshe}} |
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[[Category:1807 births]] |
[[Category:1807 births]] |
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[[Category:1879 deaths]] |
[[Category:1879 deaths]] |
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[[Category:19th-century rabbis]] |
[[Category:19th-century Hungarian rabbis]] |
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[[Category:Hungarian Orthodox rabbis]] |
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[[Category:People from Brezová pod Bradlom]] |
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[[he:משה שיק]] |
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Latest revision as of 23:37, 31 October 2024
Rabbi Moshe Schick | |
|---|---|
 Rabbi Schick, 1868 | |
| Title | Maharam Schick |
| Personal life | |
| Born | March 1, 1807 |
| Died | January 25, 1879 |
| Nationality | Hungarian |
| Notable work(s) | Responsa on all four parts of the Shulchan Aruch, Torah commentary, sermons, novellae on the Talmud, etc. |
| Education | Volozhin Yeshiva |
| Known for | Prominent Orthodox rabbi, leader in the Orthodox camp during the struggle with the Neologs |
| Occupation | Rabbi |
Moshe Schick (1 March 1807 – 25 January 1879; Hebrew: משה שיק, alternatively spelled as Shick, Shik, Shieck) was a prominent Hungarian Orthodox rabbi. In rabbinical commentary Shik is commonly known as the Maharam Schick (מהר"ם שיק); Maharam is the Hebrew acronym for Moreinu Harav Moshe (מורינו הרב משה), which means "Our Teacher Rabbi Moses".
Biography
[edit]Schick was born in Birkenhein, Kingdom of Hungary (contemporary Brezová pod Bradlom, Slovakia), the son of Rabbi Joseph Schick. The family were descended from Rabbi Hanoch Heinich Schick of Shklov. He was a cousin of Elijah Schik.
At the age of 11, Moshe Shick was sent to study with his uncle, Rabbi Yitzchak Frankel, the Av Beth Din in Regensdorf. When he was 14, he was sent to learn under Moses Sofer in Pressburg, where he stayed for six years. Sofer called his prodigious student "a treasure chest full of holy books". When he was 20, Moses Shick married his cousin, Gittel Frankel. They had several children. He was appointed Rabbi of Yeregin in 1838, where he opened a yeshiva. He taught students there for three decades. In 1861 he became Rabbi of Huszt, present-day Ukraine, and moved his 800-student yeshiva with him.
Schick was a leading figure in the Orthodox camp during its struggle with the Neologs, who promoted educational, social and moderate religious reform and embraced the Magyarization policy of the government. On 28 December 1867, shortly after the Austro-Hungarian Compromise, the Jews of Hungary were legally emancipated. Minister of Religion József Eötvös sought to establish a national Jewish organization which would represent the various communities before the government. The Orthodox, fearing the institution will be dominated by their rivals, held a rabbinical assembly in Pest between 24 November and 3 December 1868. Samuel Benjamin Sofer was elected president, and Schick had no official position, yet he emerged as leader. It was he who decided to send Eötvös a letter declaring that the Orthodox will not accept the resolutions of the upcoming National Jewish Congress – which was convened in Pest, between 10 December and 23 February 1869, to form the new organization – unless it would conform with their rabbis' opinions. Schick and Sigmund Kraus, a lay activist, led the Orthodox campaign to secede from the directory.[1] On 15 November 1871, the new Minister of Religion Tivadar Pauler recognized the Central Bureau of the Autonomous Jewish Orthodox Communities in Hungary (Magyarországi Autonóm Orthodox Izraelita Hitfelekezet Központi Irodája), which was separate and independent from the Neolog-oriented National Jewish Bureau (Az Izraeliták Országos Irodája).[2]
Works
[edit]Maharam Shik authored responsa on all four parts of the Shulchan Aruch and the 613 Mitzvot; these She'elot U'Tshuvot - MaHaram Shik contain over 1000 discussions, on all issues of life, and are published in 3 volumes.
Other works include:
- Chidushe ha-Maharam Shik – Novellae on the Talmud
- Derashot Maharam Shik – Sermons
- Sefer Maharam Shik al ha-Torah – Torah Commentary
- Maharam Shik al taryag mitsvot – on the 613 commandents
- Chidushe Aggados Maharam Shik – on Maseches Avos
References
[edit]- ^ Jacob Katz. A House Divided: Orthodoxy and Schism in Nineteenth-Century Central European Jewry. Brandeis University Press, 1998. ISBN 978-1584652953. pp. 131-133.
- ^ Margit Balogh, Jenő Gergely. Egyházak az újkori Magyarországon, 1790-1992: kronológia. MTA Történettudományi Intézete, 1993 .ISBN 9789638311214. p. 94.
External links
[edit]- The Maharam Schick - 100th Yahrzeit, tzemachdovid.org
- Rabbi Moshe Shik - Maharam Shik (Hebrew), mytzadik.com
- She'elot U'Tshuvot - MaHaram Shik (Hebrew), hebrewbooks.org
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