Shkhara: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Highest peak in the Republic of Georgia}} |
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{{Infobox mountain |
{{Infobox mountain |
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| name= Shkhara |
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| photo |
| photo= Mt Shkhara as seen from Khalde (Photo A. Muhranoff, 2011).jpg |
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| elevation |
| elevation= {{convert|5203|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} |
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| elevation_ref=<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Bolashvili |editor1-first=Nana |editor2-last= Neidze |editor2-first= Vazha | title=The Physical Geography of Georgia |date=2022 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-030-90752-5 |pages=25}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Tielidze |editor1-first=Levan |title=Geomorphology of Georgia |date=2019 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-3-319-77763-4 |pages=121}}</ref> |
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| elevation_ref = <ref name="height">The elevation and coordinates given here are taken from a [[DGPS]] survey by Peter Schoen and Boris Avdeev in association with [http://www.geoat.at GeoAT]. It was carried out in July 2010 and [http://viewfinderpanoramas.org/Z/Shkhara_DGPS_PFO.jpg made available] in November 2010. Some sources, including the [[Great Soviet Encyclopedia]], give the estimation of only 5,068 metres (16,627 feet), but this is the correct height of the lower western summit. Soviet era 1:50,000 mapping shows a 5,158-metre [[spot height]] to the east, and this can be verified using a |
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[http://www.ii.uib.no/~petter/mountains/5000mtn/Elbrus/ElbrusA/142-150_annotate.jpg panoramic photograph] taken from [[Elbrus]]. The true elevation is on higher ground still further east along the Shkhara ridge.</ref> |
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| country= Georgia |
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| country2=[[Kabardino-Balkaria]] |
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| easiest_route = Northeast Ridge: snow/ice climb ([[Grade (climbing)|Russian grade 4b]])<ref name="summitpost"/><ref name="world_mountaineering"/> |
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'''Shkhara''' ({{lang-ka|შხარა |
'''Shkhara''' ({{lang-ka|შხარა}}) is the highest point in the country of [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=10416|title=Shkhara - Peakbagger.com|website=www.peakbagger.com|access-date=2019-04-13}}</ref> It is located near the Russian-Georgian border, in Russia's [[Kabardino-Balkaria]] region on the northern side, and the [[Svaneti]] region of Georgia in the south. Shkhara lies {{Convert|88|km|mi|0}} north of the city of [[Kutaisi]], Georgia's second-largest city, and closer to the townlet of [[Mestia]] in [[Svaneti]]. The summit lies in the central part of the [[Caucasus Mountains|Greater Caucasus Mountain Range]], to the south-east of [[Mount Elbrus]], [[Europe]]'s highest mountain. Shkhara is the third-highest peak in the Caucasus, just behind [[Dykh-Tau]].<ref>[https://www.mountain-forecast.com/peaks/Shkhara/forecasts/5200 Shkhara. Weather Forecast, Georgia] mountain-forecast.com</ref> |
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== Morphology == |
== Morphology == |
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Shkhara is the high point and the eastern anchor of a [[massif]] known as the |
Shkhara is the high point and the eastern anchor of a [[massif]] known as the [[Bezengi Wall]], a {{Convert|11-12|km|mi|-long|adj=mid}} ridge. It is a large, steep peak in a heavily glaciated region, and presents serious challenges to mountaineers. Its north face (on the [[Russia]]n side) is {{Convert|1500|m|ft|-2}} high and contains several classic difficult routes. The significant sub-summit Shkhara West, at {{Convert|5068|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}, is a climbing objective in its own right, and a traverse of the entire Bezingi Wall is considered "Europe's longest, most arduous, and most committing expedition".<ref name="world_mountaineering"/> |
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== History == |
== History == |
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The peak was first climbed in 1888 via the North East Ridge route, by the [[United Kingdom|British]]/[[Switzerland|Swiss]] team of English climber John Garford Cockin and Swiss guides |
The peak was first climbed in 1888 via the North East Ridge route, by the [[United Kingdom|British]]/[[Switzerland|Swiss]] team of English climber [[John Garford Cockin]] and Swiss guides [[Ulrich Almer]] and [[Christian Roth (mountaineer)|Christian Roth]].<ref>J. G. Cockin, « ''Shkara, Janga, and Ushba'' », ''The Alpine Journal'', vol. XVI, n° 122, novembre 1893, pp. 477-494 - reproduced in [[Douglas W. Freshfield]], ''[https://search.library.wisc.edu/digital/ACA6IJKBCQI4HV87/pages/A5S2YNIDXJ2SYX8S The exploration of Caucasus]'', E. Arnold, 1896, Volume II, pp. 38-58</ref> This route is still one of the easier and more popular routes on the mountain. The first complete traverse of the Bezingi Wall was in 1931, by the [[Austria]]ns K. Poppinger, K. Moldan, and S. Schintlmeister.{{citation needed|date=September 2020}} |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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* [[List of mountains in Georgia (country)|List of mountains in Georgia]] |
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* [[List of elevation extremes by country]] |
* [[List of elevation extremes by country]] |
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{{Highest points of Europe}} |
{{Highest points of Europe}} |
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[[Category:Mountains of |
[[Category:Mountains of Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti]] |
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[[Category:Mountains of Kabardino-Balkaria]] |
[[Category:Mountains of Kabardino-Balkaria]] |
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[[Category:Seven Third Summits]] |
[[Category:Seven Third Summits]] |
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Latest revision as of 04:08, 1 November 2024
| Shkhara | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 5,203 m (17,070 ft)[1][2] |
| Prominence | 1,357 m (4,452 ft) |
| Listing | |
| Coordinates | 43°00′02″N 43°06′44″E / 43.00056°N 43.11222°E |
| Geography | |
  Shkhara Location of Shkhara within the Caucasus mountains  Shkhara Shkhara (Kabardino-Balkaria)  Shkhara Shkhara (Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti) | |
| Location | Svaneti region, Georgia Shkhara |
| Country | Georgia |
| Parent range | Main Caucasian Range Greater Caucasus Mountains |
| Climbing | |
| First ascent | 1888 by U. Almer, J. Cockin and C. Roth[3] |
| Easiest route | Northeast Ridge: snow/ice climb (Russian grade 4b)[4][3] |
Shkhara (Georgian: შხარა) is the highest point in the country of Georgia.[5] It is located near the Russian-Georgian border, in Russia's Kabardino-Balkaria region on the northern side, and the Svaneti region of Georgia in the south. Shkhara lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) north of the city of Kutaisi, Georgia's second-largest city, and closer to the townlet of Mestia in Svaneti. The summit lies in the central part of the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range, to the south-east of Mount Elbrus, Europe's highest mountain. Shkhara is the third-highest peak in the Caucasus, just behind Dykh-Tau.[6]
Morphology
[edit]Shkhara is the high point and the eastern anchor of a massif known as the Bezengi Wall, a 11–12-kilometre-long (6.8–7.5 mi) ridge. It is a large, steep peak in a heavily glaciated region, and presents serious challenges to mountaineers. Its north face (on the Russian side) is 1,500 metres (4,900 ft) high and contains several classic difficult routes. The significant sub-summit Shkhara West, at 5,068 m (16,627 ft), is a climbing objective in its own right, and a traverse of the entire Bezingi Wall is considered "Europe's longest, most arduous, and most committing expedition".[3]
History
[edit]The peak was first climbed in 1888 via the North East Ridge route, by the British/Swiss team of English climber John Garford Cockin and Swiss guides Ulrich Almer and Christian Roth.[7] This route is still one of the easier and more popular routes on the mountain. The first complete traverse of the Bezingi Wall was in 1931, by the Austrians K. Poppinger, K. Moldan, and S. Schintlmeister.[citation needed]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Shkhara.
- ^ Bolashvili, Nana; Neidze, Vazha, eds. (2022). The Physical Geography of Georgia. Springer. p. 25. ISBN 978-3-030-90752-5.
- ^ Tielidze, Levan, ed. (2019). Geomorphology of Georgia. Springer. p. 121. ISBN 978-3-319-77763-4.
- ^ a b c Audrey Salkeld, ed. (1998). World Mountaineering. Bulfinch Press. p. 70. ISBN 0-8212-2502-2.
- ^ Shkhara on Summitpost
- ^ "Shkhara - Peakbagger.com". www.peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2019-04-13.
- ^ Shkhara. Weather Forecast, Georgia mountain-forecast.com
- ^ J. G. Cockin, « Shkara, Janga, and Ushba », The Alpine Journal, vol. XVI, n° 122, novembre 1893, pp. 477-494 - reproduced in Douglas W. Freshfield, The exploration of Caucasus, E. Arnold, 1896, Volume II, pp. 38-58