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Coordinates: 43°19′06″N 11°19′59″E / 43.3182°N 11.3331°E / 43.3182; 11.3331
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{{short description|Synagogue in Siena, Italy}}
{{use dmy dates|date=May 2017}}
{{use dmy dates|date=May 2017}}
{{Infobox religious building
[[File:Sinagoga di siena, esterno 01.JPG|thumb|right|250px|Exterior of the synagogue]]
| name = Siena Synagogue
| native_name = {{langx|it|Sinagoga di Siena}}
| native_name_lang =
| image = Sinagoga di siena, esterno 01.JPG
| image_upright = 1.4
| alt =
| caption = Exterior of the synagogue, in 2014
| religious_affiliation = [[Orthodox Judaism]]
| tradition =
| sect =
| district =
| prefecture =
| province =
| region =
| deity =
| rite = [[Nusach Ashkenaz]]
| festival = <!-- or |festivals= -->
| organisational_status = {{ubl|[[Synagogue]]|[[Jewish museum]]}}<!-- or |organizational_status= -->
| ownership = Jewish Community of Florence
| governing_body =
| leadership =
| bhattaraka =
| patron =
| consecration_year =
| functional_status = Active;<br/>{{small|''(temporarily closed for renovations from August 2024)''}}
| religious_features_label =
| religious_features =
| location = via delle Scotte 14, [[Siena]], [[Tuscany]]
| locale =
| municipality =
| cercle =
| state =
| country = [[Italy]]
| map_type = Tuscany
| map_size = 250
| map_alt =
| map_relief = 1
| map_caption = Location of the synagogue in [[Tuscany]]
| grid_name =
| grid_position =
| sector =
| territory =
| administration =
| coordinates = {{coord|43.3182|N|11.3331|E|region:it_type:landmark_source:wikidata|format=dms|display=it}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| heritage_designation =
| architect = [[Giuseppe del Rosso]]
| architecture_type = [[Synagogue architecture]]
| architecture_style = {{ubl|[[Rococo architecture|Rococo]]|[[Classical Revival architecture|Neoclassical]]}}
| founded_by =
| creator =
| funded_by =
| general_contractor = {{ubl|Niccolo Ianda|Pietro Rossi}}
| established = {{nowrap|1457 {{small|(as a congregation)}}}}
| groundbreaking =
| year_completed = May 1786
| construction_cost =
| date_demolished = <!-- or |date_destroyed= -->
| facade_direction =
| capacity =
| length =
| width =
| width_nave =
| interior_area =
| height_max =
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| dome_height_inner =
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| site_area =
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| shrine_quantity =
| inscriptions =
| materials = Brick
| elevation_m = <!-- or |elevation_ft= -->
| elevation_footnotes =
| nrhp =
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| added =
| refnum =
| delisted1_date =
| website = {{url|jewishsiena.it}}
| module = <!-- for embedding other infobox templates -->
| footnotes = <ref name=CJA>{{cite web |url=https://historicsynagogueseurope.org/browser.php?mode=set&id=24688 |title=Synagogue in Siena |work=Historic Synagogues of Europe |publisher=Foundation for Jewish Heritage and the [[Center for Jewish Art]] at the [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem]] |date=n.d. |access-date=19 August 2024 }}</ref><ref name="360syn">{{cite web |url=https://synagogues-360.anumuseum.org.il/gallery/siena-synagogue/ |title=Siena Synagogue |work=360Synagogues |format=Moving panoramic images of the synagogue interior |date=n.d. |access-date=19 August 2024 }}</ref>
}}


The '''Siena Synagogue''' ({{langx|it|Sinagoga di Siena}}) is a notable, historic [[Orthodox Judaism|Orthodox]] [[Judaism|Jewish]] congregation and [[synagogue]], located at via delle Scotte 14, in [[Siena]], [[Tuscany]], [[Italy]]. The building also houses the '''Jewish Museum of Siena''', a [[Jewish museum]]. Designed by [[Giuseppe del Rosso]] in the [[Classical Revival architecture|Neoclassical]] style with extensive [[Rococo architecture|Rococo]] features, the synagogue was completed in May 1786.<ref name=CJA/>
The '''Siena synagogue''' is a notable, historic [[synagogue]] in [[Siena]], [[Italy]].


In April 2024, the building was listed as one of the seven ''Most Endangered Heritage Sites in Europe''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.europanostra.org/restoration-plan-for-the-synagogue-of-siena-presented-at-conference-on-safeguarding-jewish-heritage/ |title=Restoration plan for the Synagogue of Siena presented at conference on Safeguarding Jewish Heritage |work=Europa Nostra |publisher= |date=26 April 2024 |access-date=19 August 2024 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://7mostendangered.eu/sites/synagogue-of-siena-italy/ |title=Synagogue of Siena, ITALY |work=Seven Most Endangered |publisher=Europa Nostra |date=17 April 2024 |access-date=19 August 2024 }}</ref> In August 2024, the synagogue was closed for restoration work.
A substantial Jewish community is recorded in Siena beginning in the 14th century. In 1571 the [[Medici]] restricted Jewish residence to a defined neighborhood, or [[ghetto]], and it was in this neighborhood that a synagogue was built on the Vicole dell Scotte very close to the [[Piazza del Campo]]. The Jews were emancipated from the requirement of living in a ghetto in 1860.


== History ==
The present synagogue was erected in 1786 on the site of the older synagogue.<ref name=moked>{{cite web|url=http://moked.it/jewishflorence/synagogue-and-museum/siena/|title=The Synagogue of Siena|website=moked.it|accessdate=8 April 2014}}</ref> Because Jews in that era were prohibited from building houses of worship identifiable from the street, the stone facade of the four-story building is plain, resembling neighboring residential buildings. The sanctuary is located on the first floor (one flight up from street level). It has an elaborate [[neoclassicism|neoclassical]] interior, with a lofty [[baroque]] ceiling featuring a large crowned tablet of the Ten Commandments enthroned in clouds of glory. Two tiers of balconies on the building's third and fourth stories have views into the room through elaborate baroque grills. Furniture is arranged in the historic style of the Italian Jewish community, with the [[Bema#Judaism|bimah]] in the center of the room. The [[Torah Ark]] is a classical marble cabinet with marble pillars and entablature towering almost the height of the room.<ref>Annie Sacerdote, ''The Guide to Jewish Italy'', Marsillio, 2004, pp. 152 ff.</ref>
A substantial Jewish community is recorded in Siena beginning in the 14th century. In 1571 the [[Medici]] restricted Jewish residence to a defined neighborhood, or [[ghetto]], and it was in this neighborhood that a synagogue was built on the Vicole dell Scotte very close to the [[Piazza del Campo]]. The Jews were emancipated from the requirement of living in a ghetto in 1860.{{fact|date=August 2024}}


[[File:Sinagoga di siena, 01.JPG|thumb|center|Interior of the synagogue]]
The architect was [[Giuseppe del Rosso]] of Florence, the master builders were [[Niccolo Ianda]] and Pietro Rossi.<ref>''Sienna, New Practical Guide'', Bonechi Edizione il Turismo, {{ISBN|978-88-7204-379-0}}, p. 101</ref>


The present synagogue was erected in 1786 on the site of the older synagogue.<ref name=moked>{{cite web |url=http://moked.it/jewishflorence/synagogue-and-museum/siena/ |title=The Synagogue of Siena |website=moked.it |date= |accessdate=8 April 2014}}</ref> Because Jews in that era were prohibited from building houses of worship identifiable from the street, the stone facade of the four-story building is plain, resembling neighboring residential buildings. The sanctuary is located on the first floor (one flight up from street level). It has an elaborate [[Classical Revival architecture|Neoclassical]] interior, with a lofty [[Baroque Revival architecture|Baroque Revival]] ceiling featuring a large crowned tablet of the [[Ten Commandments]] enthroned in clouds of glory. Two tiers of balconies on the building's third and fourth stories have views into the room through elaborate baroque grills. Furniture is arranged in the historic style of the Italian Jewish community, with the [[Bema#Judaism|bimah]] in the center of the room. The [[Torah Ark]] is a classical marble cabinet with marble pillars and entablature towering almost the height of the room.<ref>{{cite book |author=Sacerdote, Annie |title=The Guide to Jewish Italy |publisher=Marsillio |year=2004 |pages=152 ff |isbn= }}</ref>
The synagogue is open to visitors.<ref name= moked/>


The architect was [[Giuseppe del Rosso]] of Florence, the master builders were Niccolo Ianda and Pietro Rossi.<ref>{{cite book |title=Sienna, New Practical Guide |publisher=Bonechi Edizione il Turismo |isbn=978-88-7204-379-0 |page=101 |year= }}</ref>
The historic Jewish cemetery of Siena also survives and is open to visitors.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jewish-heritage-europe.eu/2012/09/30/italy-jewish-cemetery-in-siena-will-be-open-to-the-public/%E2%80%9D|publisher=Jewish Heritage Europe |title=Italy — Jewish Cemetery in Siena will be Open to the Public |accessdate=8 April 2014}}</ref>


The synagogue is open to visitors.<ref name= moked/> In August 2024, the synagogue was closed for restoration work.{{fact|date=August 2024}}
==References==

The historic Jewish cemetery of Siena also survives and is open to visitors.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.jewish-heritage-europe.eu/2012/09/30/italy-jewish-cemetery-in-siena-will-be-open-to-the-public/%E2%80%9D |work=Jewish Heritage Europe |title=Italy — Jewish Cemetery in Siena will be Open to the Public |date=30 September 2012 |accessdate=8 April 2014}}</ref>

== See also ==
{{stack|{{portal|Judaism|Italy}}}}
* [[History of the Jews in Italy]]
* [[:Category:Synagogues in Italy|List of synagogues in Italy]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


== External links ==
{{coord|43.3182|N|11.3331|E|source:wikidata|display=title}}
{{commons cat-inline|Synagogue of Siena}}
* {{official website|https://www.jewishsiena.it}}

{{Synagogues in Italy}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Siena Synagogue}}
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Siena]]
[[Category:18th-century synagogues in Italy]]
[[Category:Ashkenazi Jewish culture in Italy]]
[[Category:Ashkenazi synagogues]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Siena|Synagogue]]
[[Category:Neoclassical architecture in Italy]]
[[Category:Neoclassical synagogues]]
[[Category:Orthodox synagogues in Italy]]
[[Category:Orthodox synagogues in Italy]]
[[Category:18th-century synagogues in Europe]]
[[Category:Rococo architecture in Italy]]
[[Category:Synagogues completed in 1786]]
[[Category:Synagogues in Tuscany]]
[[Category:Synagogues in Tuscany]]
[[Category:18th-century architecture in Italy]]
[[Category:Synagogues preserved as museums]]

Latest revision as of 18:13, 1 November 2024

Siena Synagogue
Italian: Sinagoga di Siena
Exterior of the synagogue, in 2014
Religion
AffiliationOrthodox Judaism
RiteNusach Ashkenaz
Ecclesiastical or organisational status
OwnershipJewish Community of Florence
StatusActive;
(temporarily closed for renovations from August 2024)
Location
Locationvia delle Scotte 14, Siena, Tuscany
CountryItaly
Siena Synagogue is located in Tuscany
Siena Synagogue
Location of the synagogue in Tuscany
Geographic coordinates43°19′06″N 11°19′59″E / 43.3182°N 11.3331°E / 43.3182; 11.3331
Architecture
Architect(s)Giuseppe del Rosso
TypeSynagogue architecture
Style
General contractor
  • Niccolo Ianda
  • Pietro Rossi
Date established1457 (as a congregation)
CompletedMay 1786
MaterialsBrick
Website
jewishsiena.it
[1][2]

The Siena Synagogue (Italian: Sinagoga di Siena) is a notable, historic Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at via delle Scotte 14, in Siena, Tuscany, Italy. The building also houses the Jewish Museum of Siena, a Jewish museum. Designed by Giuseppe del Rosso in the Neoclassical style with extensive Rococo features, the synagogue was completed in May 1786.[1]

In April 2024, the building was listed as one of the seven Most Endangered Heritage Sites in Europe.[3][4] In August 2024, the synagogue was closed for restoration work.

History

[edit]

A substantial Jewish community is recorded in Siena beginning in the 14th century. In 1571 the Medici restricted Jewish residence to a defined neighborhood, or ghetto, and it was in this neighborhood that a synagogue was built on the Vicole dell Scotte very close to the Piazza del Campo. The Jews were emancipated from the requirement of living in a ghetto in 1860.[citation needed]

Interior of the synagogue

The present synagogue was erected in 1786 on the site of the older synagogue.[5] Because Jews in that era were prohibited from building houses of worship identifiable from the street, the stone facade of the four-story building is plain, resembling neighboring residential buildings. The sanctuary is located on the first floor (one flight up from street level). It has an elaborate Neoclassical interior, with a lofty Baroque Revival ceiling featuring a large crowned tablet of the Ten Commandments enthroned in clouds of glory. Two tiers of balconies on the building's third and fourth stories have views into the room through elaborate baroque grills. Furniture is arranged in the historic style of the Italian Jewish community, with the bimah in the center of the room. The Torah Ark is a classical marble cabinet with marble pillars and entablature towering almost the height of the room.[6]

The architect was Giuseppe del Rosso of Florence, the master builders were Niccolo Ianda and Pietro Rossi.[7]

The synagogue is open to visitors.[5] In August 2024, the synagogue was closed for restoration work.[citation needed]

The historic Jewish cemetery of Siena also survives and is open to visitors.[8]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Synagogue in Siena". Historic Synagogues of Europe. Foundation for Jewish Heritage and the Center for Jewish Art at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. n.d. Retrieved 19 August 2024.
  2. ^ "Siena Synagogue" (Moving panoramic images of the synagogue interior). 360Synagogues. n.d. Retrieved 19 August 2024.
  3. ^ "Restoration plan for the Synagogue of Siena presented at conference on Safeguarding Jewish Heritage". Europa Nostra. 26 April 2024. Retrieved 19 August 2024.
  4. ^ "Synagogue of Siena, ITALY". Seven Most Endangered. Europa Nostra. 17 April 2024. Retrieved 19 August 2024.
  5. ^ a b "The Synagogue of Siena". moked.it. Retrieved 8 April 2014.
  6. ^ Sacerdote, Annie (2004). The Guide to Jewish Italy. Marsillio. pp. 152 ff.
  7. ^ Sienna, New Practical Guide. Bonechi Edizione il Turismo. p. 101. ISBN 978-88-7204-379-0.
  8. ^ "Italy — Jewish Cemetery in Siena will be Open to the Public". Jewish Heritage Europe. 30 September 2012. Retrieved 8 April 2014.
[edit]

Media related to Synagogue of Siena at Wikimedia Commons

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