Judiciary of Macau: Difference between revisions

Content deleted Content added

Inline

Latest revision as of 01:06, 2 November 2024

The Judiciary of Macau is responsible for the administration of justice in Macau. It hears all prosecutions and civil disputes, including disputes between individuals and the government. It is fundamental to Macau’s legal system that members of the judiciary are independent of the executive and legislative branches of the government.^[1] The courts of law in Macau comprise the Court of Final Appeal and 11 other courts. The President of the Court of Final Appeal of the Macau Special Administrative Region is head of the judiciary. A bilingual court system in which Chinese, Portuguese or both can be used was put in place, in accordance with the requirement of the Basic Law.

List of courts of Macau

Court of Final Appeal (Chinese: 終審法院, Portuguese: Tribunal de Última Instância) - the highest court in Macau. The court consists of 3 judges, one is the Chief Justice.
- Court of Second Instance (中級法院, Tribunal de Segunda Instância) - consist of 5 judges
  - Primary Court – (Chinese: 初級法院, Tribunal Judícial de Base)
  - Administrative Court – (行政法院, Tribunal Administrativo) - consist of 1 judge

Each court is headed by a chief judge or President.^[1]

Appointment of judges

Judges of Macau are appointed by the Chief Executive of Macau with recommendation of an independent commission composed of local judges, lawyers and eminent persons. Most judges are local Macanese, but foreign judges maybe appointed.

Judiciary dress

Judges in Macau wear a simple dark gray/off black robe with a dark sash. Some judges have colour cuffs and waist bands (yellow, red and teal). Suits are worn underneath. It is similar to those worn by Portuguese judges.

References

^ ^a ^b Kagachi, Chihiro (2003). The Government of China. pp. 377–390.

[:0-1] Kagachi, Chihiro (2003). The Government of China. pp. 377–390.

[1]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Administration of justice in Macau}}
-{{orphan|date=July 2010}}
+{{more citations needed|date=December 2015}}
+{{Politics of Macau}}
-The '''Judiciary of [[Macao]]''' is responsible for the administration of justice in Macau. It hears all prosecutions and civil disputes, including disputes between individuals and the government. It is fundamental to Macau’s [[Legal system of Macau|legal system]] that members of the judiciary are independent of the executive and legislative branches of the [[Government of Macau|government]]. The courts of law in Macau comprise the [[Court of Final Appeal (Macao)|Court of Final Appeal]]  and 11 other courts. The [[President of the Court of Final Appeal of the Macao Special Administrative Region]] is head of the judiciary. A [[bilingual]] court system in which [[Chinese language|Chinese]], [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] or both can be used was put in place, in accordance with the requirement of the [[Macau Basic Law|Basic Law]].
+The '''Judiciary of Macau''' is responsible for the [[administration of justice]] in [[Macau]]. It hears all prosecutions and civil disputes, including disputes between individuals and the government. It is fundamental to Macau’s [[Legal system of Macau|legal system]] that members of the judiciary are independent of the executive and legislative branches of the [[Government of Macau|government]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title = The Government of China|last = Kagachi|first = Chihiro|year = 2003|pages = 377–390}}</ref> The courts of law in Macau comprise the [[Court of Final Appeal (Macau)|Court of Final Appeal]]  and 11 other courts. The [[President of the Court of Final Appeal of the Macau Special Administrative Region]] is head of the judiciary. A [[bilingual]] court system in which [[Chinese language|Chinese]], [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] or both can be used was put in place, in accordance with the requirement of the [[Macau Basic Law|Basic Law]].
 ==List of courts of Macau==
+* [[Court of Final Appeal (Macau)|Court of Final Appeal]] ({{zh|t=終審法院}}, {{langx|pt|Tribunal de Última Instância|links=no}}) - the highest court in Macau. The court consists of 3 judges, one is the Chief Justice.
+**Court of Second Instance ({{zhi|t=中級法院}}, {{lang|pt|Tribunal de Segunda Instância}}) - consist of 5 judges
+***Primary Court – (Chinese: {{zhi|t=初級法院}}, {{lang|pt|Tribunal Judícial de Base}})
+***Administrative Court – ({{zhi|t=行政法院}}, {{lang|pt|Tribunal Administrativo}}) - consist of 1 judge
+Each court is headed by a chief judge or President.<ref name=":0" />
-* [[Court of Final Appeal (Macau)]] or Tribunal de Ultima Instancia - the highest court in Macau. The court consists of 3 judges, one is the President.
-* Judiciary Council of Macao (Conselho dos Magistrados Judiciais)
-* Higher Court of Justice
-* Court of First Instance
-* Court of First Instance (Tribunais de Primeira Instancia)
+==Appointment of judges==
-* Court of General Competence
+Judges of Macau are appointed by the [[Chief Executive of Macau]] with recommendation of an independent commission composed of local judges, lawyers and eminent persons. Most judges are local Macanese, but foreign judges maybe appointed.
-* Administrative Court (Tribunal Administrativo)
-* Criminal Preliminary Hearing Court (Juizos de Instrucao Cruminal)
-* Audit Court
-* Tribunal Judicial de Base
-* Judiciary Council of Macao (Tribunal Judicial de Base)
-* Court of Second Instance or Court of Appeal (Tribunal de Segunda Instancia)
+==Judiciary dress==
-Each court is headed by a chief judge or President.
+Judges in Macau wear a simple dark gray/off black robe with a dark sash. Some judges have colour cuffs and waist bands (yellow, red and teal). Suits are worn underneath. It is similar to those worn by [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] judges.
+==See also==
-==Appointment of Judges==
+*[[Judiciary of Portugal]]
+==References==
-Judges of Macau are appointed by the [[Chief Executive of Macau]] with recommendation of an independent commission composed of local judges, lawyers and eminent persons. Most judges are local Macanese, but foreign judges maybe appointed.
+{{Reflist}}
-==Judiciary Dress==
-Judges in Macau wear a simple dark gray/off black robe with a dark sash. Some judges have colour cuffs and waist bands (yellow, red and teal). Suits are worn underneath. It is similar to those worn by [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] judges.
-{{Judiciary of Macao}}
+{{-}}
+{{Judiciary of Macau}}
+{{Judiciaries of Asia}}
+{{China national security}}
+[[Category:Judiciary of Macau| ]]
 [[Category:Government of Macau]]
-[[Category:Macau court system]]
 [[Category:Politics of Macau]]
-[[Category:Judiciaries|Macau]]

v t e Judiciaries of Asia
Sovereign states	Afghanistan Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Bhutan Brunei Cambodia China Cyprus East Timor (Timor-Leste) Egypt Georgia India Indonesia Iran Iraq Israel Japan Jordan Kazakhstan North Korea South Korea Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Lebanon Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Myanmar Nepal Oman Pakistan Philippines Qatar Russia Saudi Arabia Singapore Sri Lanka Syria Tajikistan Thailand Turkey Turkmenistan United Arab Emirates Uzbekistan Vietnam Yemen
States with limited recognition	Abkhazia Northern Cyprus Palestine South Ossetia Taiwan
Dependencies and other territories	British Indian Ocean Territory Christmas Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Hong Kong Macau
Category Asia portal

v t e National security and law enforcement in China
National	Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party National Security Commission Central Military Commission People's Liberation Army Militia Maritime Militia NDMC United Front Work Department State Council Ministry of State Security Ministry of Public Security National Defense Mobilization Commission Ministry of National Defense Taiwan Affairs Office
Mainland	Supervisory Commissions People's Police Public Security PP provincial Public Security Departments city/county Public Security Bureaus Internet police Immigration Inspection State Security PP Judicial Administrative PP People's Courts Judicial Police People's Procuratorates Judicial Police People's Armed Police Coast Guard Customs State Secrets Protection Cyberspace Admin Urban Admin
Hong Kong	Office for Safeguarding National Security Committee for Safeguarding National Security PLA Hong Kong Garrison Independent Commission Against Corruption Disciplined Services Police National Security Department Fire Correction Customs Immigration
Macau	PLA Macau Garrison Commission Against Corruption Macau Security Force Unitary Police Service [zh] Public Security Police (including Migration Service) Judicial Police [zh] Fire Services Bureau Correctional Services Bureau Macau Customs Service [zh]
Operations	Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries (1950–53) Three-anti and Five-anti Campaigns (1951–52) Sufan movement (1955–57) Anti-Rightist Campaign (1957–59) Red August (1966) Shadian incident (1975) 1983 "Strike Hard" Anti-crime Campaign (1983–87) Persecution of Falun Gong (1999) 6521 Project (2009) Anti-corruption campaign (2012–) Strike Hard Campaign Against Violent Terrorism (2014–) Operation Fox Hunt (2014–) 709 crackdown (2015) Abroad Information operations and information warfare United States
Other topics	2011 crackdown 610 Office Black jails Capital punishment Censorship Central Case Examination Group Civil Servant-Family Pair Up Death sentence with reprieve Great Cannon Grid-style social management Hong Kong national security law List of Hong Kong national security cases Human rights Tibet Macao Hong Kong Internet censorship Inciting subversion of state power Judicial system Judiciary of Hong Kong Judiciary of Macau Laogai Life imprisonment Penal system PLA Unit 61398 Political offences Picking quarrels and provoking trouble Re-education through labor Residential Surveillance at a Designated Location Soft detention Shuanggui Two-faced person Persecution of Uyghurs in China Xinjiang internment camps Holistic security concept