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| ICAO = TBA
| ICAO = TBA
| callsign = TRANSBRASIL
| callsign = TRANSBRASIL
| founded = 5 January 1955
| founded = {{start date and age|1955|1|5|df=y}}
| commenced = 1956
| commenced = {{start date and age|1956|3|16|df=y}}
| ceased = 3 December 2001
| ceased = {{end date and age|2001|12|3|df=y}}
| aoc =
| aoc =
| bases =
| bases =
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| alliance =
| alliance =
| subsidiaries = Aerobrasil<br>[[Interbrasil STAR]]
| subsidiaries = Aerobrasil<br>[[Interbrasil STAR]]
| fleet_size = 0
| fleet_size =
| destinations =
| destinations =
| company_slogan =
| company_slogan =
| parent =
| parent =
| headquarters = [[Brasília]], [[Brazil]]
| headquarters = [[Brasília]], [[Brazil]]
| key_people = ''Omar Fontana''
| key_people = Omar Fontana
| revenue =
| revenue =
| operating_income =
| operating_income =
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| website = [https://web.archive.org/web/*/www.transbrasil.com.br/i/index.htm transbrasil.com.br/i/index.htm]
| website = [https://web.archive.org/web/*/www.transbrasil.com.br/i/index.htm transbrasil.com.br/i/index.htm]
}}
}}

'''TransBrasil''' was a Brazilian airline which ceased operations on 3 December 2001. During most of its history, Transbrasil was owned by local entrepreneur Omar Fontana. Its aircraft usually featured a colorful livery, remarkably with a rainbow on the tail fin.<ref>"Aviation Design"[http://www.cardatabase.net/modifiedairlinerphotos/search/search.php?airline=Trans%20Brasil]." Retrieved on October 12, 2011.</ref> Transbrasil base was [[Brasilia International Airport]] in [[Brasilia]].<ref>"World Airline Directory." ''Flight International''. March 30, 1985. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1985/1985%20-%200987.html 127]." Retrieved on June 17, 2009.</ref> From the 1970s and until its demise in 2002, Transbrasil was usually the third largest Brazilian airline after [[Varig]] and [[VASP]], serving both domestic and international routes.
'''TransBrasil''' was a Brazilian airline which ceased operations on 3 December 2001. During most of its history, Transbrasil was owned by local entrepreneur Omar Fontana. Its aircraft usually featured a colorful livery, remarkably with a rainbow on the tail fin.<ref>"Aviation Design"[http://www.cardatabase.net/modifiedairlinerphotos/search/search.php?airline=Trans%20Brasil]." Retrieved on October 12, 2011.</ref> Transbrasil base was [[Brasília International Airport|President Juscelino Kubitschek International Airport]] in [[Brasília]].<ref>"World Airline Directory." ''Flight International''. March 30, 1985. [http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1985/1985%20-%200987.html 127]." Retrieved on June 17, 2009.</ref> From the 1970s and until its demise in 2002, Transbrasil was usually the third largest Brazilian airline after [[Varig]] and [[VASP]], serving both domestic and international routes.


==History==
==History==
===First years as Sadia (1955–1972)===
===First years as Sadia (1955–1972)===
[[File:Transbrasil Handley Page HRP.7 Herald 214 Volpati-1.jpg|thumb|A Dart Herald at [[Santos Dumont Airport|Rio de Janeiro-Santos Dumont Airport]] in 1973]]
[[File:Transbrasil Handley Page HRP.7 Herald 214 Volpati-1.jpg|thumb|A Dart Herald at [[Santos Dumont Airport|Rio de Janeiro-Santos Dumont Airport]] in 1973]]

Transbrasil was born in the [[Santa Catarina (state)|State of Santa Catarina]] as a sister company of S/A Indústria e Comércio Concórdia, better known by its acronym [[Sadia]]. In 1953 Omar Fontana, one of the sons of the founder of Sadia Attilio Fontana noticed a [[Douglas DC-3]] that remained parked at [[Joaçaba Airport]], near [[Concórdia]], the whole weekend. Omar Fontana came up with the idea of leasing the aircraft for transporting the products of Sadia to [[São Paulo]]. In 1954 Sadia acquired its own Douglas DC-3 and flights became daily, having Omar as one of the crew members. However, since it was not an airline with regular schedule, it could not receive subventions from the government. In order to avoid this restriction, on January 5, 1955 he created '''Sadia S/A – Transportes Aéreos'''. The first regular flight was operated on March 16, 1956.<ref>{{cite book | author=Instituto Histórico-Cultural da Aeronáutica | title=História Geral da Aeronáutica Brasileira: de janeiro de 1946 a janeiro de 1956 após o término da Segunda Guerra Mundial até a posse do Dr. Juscelino Kubitschek como Presidente da República | place=Rio de Janeiro | publisher=GR3 Comunicação & Design | year=2005 | volume=4 | pages=348 | language=pt }}</ref>
Transbrasil was born in the [[Santa Catarina (state)|State of Santa Catarina]] as a sister company of S/A Indústria e Comércio Concórdia, better known by its acronym [[Sadia]]. In 1953 Omar Fontana, a pilot and one of the sons of the founder of Sadia Attilio Fontana, noticed that a [[Douglas DC-3]] remained parked at [[Joaçaba Airport]], near [[Concórdia]], for the entire weekend. Omar Fontana came up with the idea of leasing the aircraft for transporting the products of Sadia to [[São Paulo]]. In 1954 Sadia acquired its own Douglas DC-3 and started daily flights to [[São Paulo–Congonhas Airport]], having Omar as one of its crew members. However, since it was not an airline with a regular schedule, it could not receive subventions from the government. In order to avoid this restriction, on January 5, 1955 Omar Fontana founded '''Sadia S/A – Transportes Aéreos''' with 35 employees, 3 [[Douglas DC-3]]s and 2 [[Curtiss C-46 Commando|Curtiss C-46]]s. The first regular flight was operated on March 16, 1956.<ref>{{cite book|author=Instituto Histórico-Cultural da Aeronáutica|title=História Geral da Aeronáutica Brasileira: de janeiro de 1946 a janeiro de 1956 após o término da Segunda Guerra Mundial até a posse do Dr. Juscelino Kubitschek como Presidente da República|place=Rio de Janeiro|publisher=GR3 Comunicação & Design|year=2005|volume=4|pages=348|language=pt}}</ref>


[[File:BAC 1-11 520FN PP-SDR T.Bsl Cong 06.04.75 edited-2.jpg|thumb|TransBrasil [[BAC 1-11]] series 500 at [[Congonhas-São Paulo Airport|São Paulo Congonhas Airport]] in 1975]]
[[File:BAC 1-11 520FN PP-SDR T.Bsl Cong 06.04.75 edited-2.jpg|thumb|TransBrasil [[BAC 1-11]] series 500 at [[Congonhas-São Paulo Airport|São Paulo Congonhas Airport]] in 1975]]


Sadia enlarged [[Concórdia Airport]] so that a Douglas DC-3 could operate with full load and created the first route from Concórdia to [[Videira Airport|Videira]], [[Hercílio Luz International Airport|Florianópolis]], [[Congonhas-São Paulo Airport|São Paulo-Congonhas]]. A short time later, Sadia was also operating to [[Londrina Airport|Londrina]], [[Bauru Airport|Bauru]], [[Leite Lopes Airport|Ribeirão Preto]] and [[Brasília International Airport|Brasília]].<ref>{{cite book | first=Aldo | last=Pereira | title=Breve História da Aviação Comercial Brasileira | place=Rio de Janeiro | publisher=Europa | year=1987 | page=219 | language=pt}}</ref>
Sadia enlarged [[Concórdia Airport]] so that a Douglas DC-3 could operate with full load and created the first route linking Concórdia with [[Videira Airport|Videira]], [[Hercílio Luz International Airport|Florianópolis]], and [[São Paulo–Congonhas Airport|São Paulo–Congonhas]]. A short time later, Sadia was also operating to [[Londrina Airport|Londrina]], [[Bauru Airport|Bauru]], [[Leite Lopes Airport|Ribeirão Preto]] and [[Brasília International Airport|Brasília]].<ref>{{cite book|first=Aldo|last=Pereira|title=Breve História da Aviação Comercial Brasileira|place=Rio de Janeiro|publisher=Europa|year=1987|page=219|language=pt}}</ref>


[[File:Embraer EMB-110 PT-TBC T.Brasil SDU 05.04.75 edited-2.jpg|thumb|[[Embraer EMB-110 Bandeirante]] of Transbrasil at Rio Santos Dumont airport in 1975]]
[[File:Embraer EMB-110 PT-TBC T.Brasil SDU 05.04.75 edited-2.jpg|thumb|[[Embraer EMB-110 Bandeirante]] of Transbrasil at Rio Santos Dumont airport in 1975]]
⚫
In November 1957, Sadia established a partnership with [[Real Transportes Aéreos]] and became a feeder airline at Florianópolis. Whereas Linneu Gomes got 50% of the shares of Sadia, Omar Fontana became part of the board of Real, where he gained airline experience. At this time Sadia moved headquarters to São Paulo and expanded services to [[Santos Dumont Airport|Rio de Janeiro-Santos Dumont]] and [[Salgado Filho International Airport|Porto Alegre]]. This partnership ended in 1961 with the demise of Real and Fontana bought back the shares he had earlier sold to Gomes.<ref>{{cite book | first=Aldo | last=Pereira | title=Breve História da Aviação Comercial Brasileira | place=Rio de Janeiro | publisher=Europa | year=1987 | pages=219–220 | language=pt}}</ref>


⚫
In November 1957, Sadia established a partnership with [[Real Transportes Aéreos]] and became a feeder airline at Florianópolis. Whereas Real's Linneu Gomes got 50% of the shares of Sadia, Omar Fontana became part of the managing board of Real, where he gained airline experience. At this time Sadia moved its headquarters to São Paulo and expanded services to [[Santos Dumont Airport|Rio de Janeiro–Santos Dumont]] and [[Salgado Filho International Airport|Porto Alegre]]. This partnership ended in 1961 with the demise of Real and Fontana bought back the shares he had earlier sold to Gomes.<ref>{{cite book|first=Aldo|last=Pereira|title=Breve História da Aviação Comercial Brasileira|place=Rio de Janeiro|publisher=Europa|year=1987|pages=219–220|language=pt}}</ref>
⚫
In 1962 Sadia bought [[TAS – Transportes Aéreos Salvador|TASSA – Transportes Aéreos Salvador]] and increased its presence in [[Bahia]]. In 1967 most of Sadia network was eligible to receive subventions from the Federal government and aiming at those subventions Sadia bought five [[Handley Page Dart Herald]]s.<ref>{{cite book | first=Aldo | last=Pereira | title=Breve História da Aviação Comercial Brasileira | place=Rio de Janeiro | publisher=Europa | year=1987 | page=220 | language=pt}}</ref> In 1968 Sadia joined the shuttle service ({{lang-pt|Ponte Aérea, meaning "air bridge"}}) between Rio de Janeiro-Santos Dumont and São Paulo-Congonhas airports, operated since 1959 by [[Varig]], [[Serviços Aéreos Cruzeiro do Sul|Cruzeiro do Sul]] and [[VASP]].<ref>{{cite book | first1=Gianfranco | last1=Beting | first2=Joelmir | last2=Beting | title=Varig: Eterna Pioneira | place=Porto Alegre and São Paulo | publisher=EDIPUCRS and Beting Books | year=2009 | isbn=978-85-7430-901-9 | language=pt | pages=83–84}}</ref> This service was abandoned only in 1999.

In 1962 Sadia bought [[TAS – Transportes Aéreos Salvador|TASSA–Transportes Aéreos Salvador S/A]] and increased its presence in [[Bahia]]. Its fleet had now 15 [[Douglas DC-3]]s and 12 [[Curtiss C-46 Commando|Curtiss C-46]]s serving 53 cities.<ref>{{cite book|author=Instituto Histórico-Cultural da Aeronáutica|title=História Geral da Aeronáutica Brasileira: de janeiro de 1956 a dezembro de 1966 Da posse do Presidente Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira até as vésperas da Reforma Administrativa|place=Rio de Janeiro|publisher=Incaer|year=2014|volume=5|pages=473|language=pt}}</ref>

⚫
In 1967 most of Sadia network was eligible to receive subventions from the Federal government and aiming at those subventions Sadia bought five [[Handley Page Dart Herald]]s.<ref>{{cite book | first=Aldo | last=Pereira | title=Breve História da Aviação Comercial Brasileira | place=Rio de Janeiro | publisher=Europa | year=1987 | page=220 | language=pt}}</ref> In 1968 Sadia joined the shuttle service ({{langx|pt|Ponte Aérea, meaning "air bridge"}}) between Rio de Janeiro-Santos Dumont and São Paulo-Congonhas airports, operated since 1959 by [[Varig]], [[Serviços Aéreos Cruzeiro do Sul|Cruzeiro do Sul]] and [[VASP]].<ref>{{cite book | first1=Gianfranco | last1=Beting | first2=Joelmir | last2=Beting | title=Varig: Eterna Pioneira | place=Porto Alegre and São Paulo | publisher=EDIPUCRS and Beting Books | year=2009 | isbn=978-85-7430-901-9 | language=pt | pages=83–84}}</ref> This service was abandoned only in 1999.


The first jet airliner type to be introduced into the fleet of Sadia, a stretched [[BAC One-Eleven]] Series 500, entered into service on September 17, 1970. In 1972 the name of the airline was changed to '''Transbrasil S/A Linhas Aéreas''' and its headquarters were moved to [[Brasília]].<ref>{{cite book | first=Aldo | last=Pereira | title=Breve História da Aviação Comercial Brasileira | place=Rio de Janeiro | publisher=Europa | year=1987 | pages=220–221 | language=pt}}</ref>
The first jet airliner type to be introduced into the fleet of Sadia, a stretched [[BAC One-Eleven]] Series 500, entered into service on September 17, 1970. In 1972 the name of the airline was changed to '''Transbrasil S/A Linhas Aéreas''' and its headquarters were moved to [[Brasília]].<ref>{{cite book | first=Aldo | last=Pereira | title=Breve História da Aviação Comercial Brasileira | place=Rio de Janeiro | publisher=Europa | year=1987 | pages=220–221 | language=pt}}</ref>
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* 1973 - Transbrasil replaces its ageing Dart Heralds by new [[EMB-110|Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante]] light transport turboprops.
* 1973 - Transbrasil replaces its ageing Dart Heralds by new [[EMB-110|Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante]] light transport turboprops.
* 1974 - Transbrasil starts to phase out its remainder Bandeirantes, Heralds and 1-11s, replacing them with [[Boeing 727]]-100. By 1979, its fleet consisted only of 727-100s.
* 1974 - Transbrasil starts to phase out its remainder Bandeirantes, Heralds and 1-11s, replacing them with [[Boeing 727]]-100. By 1979, its fleet consisted only of 727-100s.
* 1983 - Its first [[Boeing 767|Boeing 767-200]] is delivered, and Transbrasil starts its international operations, initially with charter flights - and from 1989, with regular service - to [[Miami]], [[Orlando]] and [[Washington D.C.]]
* 1983 - Its first [[Boeing 767|Boeing 767-200]] is delivered, and Transbrasil starts its international operations, initially with charter flights - and from 1989, with regular service - to [[Miami]], [[Orlando, Florida|Orlando]] and [[Washington D.C.]]


===Apogee and downturn (1983–2003)===
===Apogee and downturn (1983–2003)===
[[File:Transbrasil Boeing 737-3Q4; PT-TEG, November 1996 DCV (4974887907).jpg|thumb|left|[[Boeing 737|Boeing 737-300]] Transbrasil.]]
[[File:Transbrasil Boeing 737-3Q4; PT-TEG, November 1996 DCV (4974887907).jpg|thumb|left|[[Boeing 737|Boeing 737-300]] Transbrasil.]]
[[File:Boeing 727-27-C, TransBrasil JP5852711.jpg|thumb|[[Boeing 727|Boeing 727-100]] Transbrasil]]
[[File:Boeing 727-27-C, TransBrasil JP5852711.jpg|thumb|[[Boeing 727|Boeing 727-100]] Transbrasil]]

In 1990 Transbrasil fleet consisted of three 767-200, three [[Boeing 707]] for cargo and passenger service (operated by its affiliated company, Aerobrasil) and 15 leased [[Boeing 737|Boeing 737-300 and -400]]. In addition to domestic flights to most of the larger Brazilian cities, Transbrasil offered regular and charter service to Miami, Orlando, New York, Washington, Buenos Aires, Vienna, Amsterdam, London and even Beijing. During some time, due to discounted ticket prices and an aggressive commercial strategy Transbrasil surpassed VASP as the second largest Brazilian airline.
In 1990 Transbrasil fleet consisted of three 767-200, three [[Boeing 707]] for cargo and passenger service (operated by its affiliated company, Aerobrasil) and 15 leased [[Boeing 737|Boeing 737-300 and -400]]. In addition to domestic flights to most of the larger Brazilian cities, Transbrasil offered regular and charter service to Miami, Orlando, New York, Washington, Buenos Aires, Vienna, Amsterdam, London and even Beijing. During some time, due to discounted ticket prices and an aggressive commercial strategy Transbrasil surpassed VASP as the second largest Brazilian airline.


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===After bankruptcy (2003–2010)===
===After bankruptcy (2003–2010)===
[[File:TransBrasil airplanes at BSB 09 2009 7136.jpg|thumb|TransBrasil planes abandoned at [[Brasília International Airport]] since 2001]]
[[File:TransBrasil airplanes at BSB 09 2009 7136.jpg|thumb|TransBrasil planes abandoned at [[Brasília International Airport]] since 2001]]

On 16 September 2009 the Brazilian Federal Supreme Court began the analysis of the legality of the bankruptcy of Transbrasil.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.valoronline.com.br/?impresso/legislacao_&_tributos/197/5817950/stj-inicia-analise-de-falencia-da-transbrasil|title=STJ inicia análise de falência da Transbrasil |publisher=Valor Econômico (on line)|date=16 September 2009 |access-date=8 October 2009}}</ref> The bankruptcy was confirmed on 2 October 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.valoronline.com.br/?impresso/legislacao_/197/5851107/stj-confirma-falencia-da-transbrasil&scrollX=0&scrollY=0&tamFonte=|title=STJ confirma falência da Transbrasil |publisher=Valor Econômico (on line) |date=2 October 2009 |access-date=8 October 2009}}</ref>
On 16 September 2009 the Brazilian Federal Supreme Court began the analysis of the legality of the bankruptcy of Transbrasil.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.valoronline.com.br/?impresso/legislacao_&_tributos/197/5817950/stj-inicia-analise-de-falencia-da-transbrasil|title=STJ inicia análise de falência da Transbrasil |publisher=Valor Econômico (on line)|date=16 September 2009 |access-date=8 October 2009}}</ref> The bankruptcy was confirmed on 2 October 2009.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.valoronline.com.br/?impresso/legislacao_/197/5851107/stj-confirma-falencia-da-transbrasil&scrollX=0&scrollY=0&tamFonte=|title=STJ confirma falência da Transbrasil |publisher=Valor Econômico (on line) |date=2 October 2009 |access-date=8 October 2009}}</ref>


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In 2010, the debt which caused the bankruptcy of Transbrasil was invalidated by the Court of Justice of São Paulo.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.istoedinheiro.com.br/noticias/24490_FALENCIA+TURBINADA|title=Falência turbinada |publisher=Istoé Dinheiro |date=28 May 2010 |access-date=7 July 2011}}</ref>
In 2010, the debt which caused the bankruptcy of Transbrasil was invalidated by the Court of Justice of São Paulo.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.istoedinheiro.com.br/noticias/24490_FALENCIA+TURBINADA|title=Falência turbinada |publisher=Istoé Dinheiro |date=28 May 2010 |access-date=7 July 2011}}</ref>


On 15 February 2023, it was finally announced the possible retire of carcass of PT-TAA and PT-TAB after 21 years abandoned at Brasília Airport.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aeroflap.com.br/avioes-da-transbrasil-comecam-a-ser-retirados-do-aeroporto-de-brasilia/|title=Aviões da TransBrasil começam a ser retirados do Aeroporto de Brasília|publisher=Aeroflap|date=15 February 2023}}</ref> On 17 February 2023, they were moved.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aeroflap.com.br/veja-como-foi-a-retirada-parcial-dos-dois-avioes-da-transbrasil-no-aeroporto-de-brasilia/?fbclid=IwAR3UDTYNnjzfSS86w7G3yvUjNAksExQRURLYmNuiMjjwRHpF67QmSZxNaCM|title=Veja como foi a retirada parcial dos dois aviões da TransBrasil no Aeroporto de Brasília|publisher=Aeroflap|date=17 February 2023}}</ref>
On 15 February 2023, it was announced that the airframes of PT-TAA and PT-TAB would be moved away after being abandoned for 21 years at Brasília Airport.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.aeroflap.com.br/avioes-da-transbrasil-comecam-a-ser-retirados-do-aeroporto-de-brasilia/|title=Aviões da TransBrasil começam a ser retirados do Aeroporto de Brasília|publisher=Aeroflap|date=15 February 2023}}</ref> This finally happened on 17 February 2023.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.aeroflap.com.br/veja-como-foi-a-retirada-parcial-dos-dois-avioes-da-transbrasil-no-aeroporto-de-brasilia/|title=Veja como foi a retirada parcial dos dois aviões da TransBrasil no Aeroporto de Brasília|publisher=Aeroflap|date=17 February 2023}}</ref>


==Destinations==
==Destinations==
{{Expand section|date=October 2023}}
'''Transbrasil''' operated scheduled services to the destinations below. The list includes destinations served by subsidiaries [[Interbrasil STAR]], Aerobrasil and also destinations operated under the airline original name '''Sadia'''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/tr.htm|title=Transbrasil|website=Airline Timetable Images|access-date=14 October 2023}}</ref>
'''Transbrasil''' operated scheduled services to the destinations below. The list includes destinations served by subsidiaries [[Interbrasil STAR]], Aerobrasil and also destinations operated under the airline original name '''Sadia'''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/tr.htm|title=Transbrasil|website=Airline Timetable Images|access-date=14 October 2023}}</ref>
{|class="sortable wikitable"
{|class="sortable wikitable"
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!style="background:#ED1651; color:#2A0088;"|Refs
!style="background:#ED1651; color:#2A0088;"|Refs
|-
|-
|rowspan="2"|Argentina||[[Buenos Aires]]||[[Ministro Pistarini International Airport]]||||
|rowspan="2"|Argentina||[[Buenos Aires]]||[[Ministro Pistarini International Airport|Ezeiza International Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Córdoba, Argentina|Córdoba]]||[[Ingeniero Aeronáutico Ambrosio L.V. Taravella International Airport]]||||
|[[Córdoba, Argentina|Córdoba]]||[[Ingeniero Aeronáutico Ambrosio L.V. Taravella International Airport|Pajas Blancas International Airport]]||||
|-
|-
||Austria||[[Vienna]]||[[Vienna International Airport|Schwechat Airport]]||||
||Austria||[[Vienna]]||[[Vienna International Airport|Schwechat Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|rowspan="48"|Brazil||[[Aracaju]]||[[Santa Maria Airport (Sergipe)|Santa Maria Airport]]||||
|rowspan="57"|Brazil||[[Aracaju]]||[[Santa Maria Airport (Sergipe)|Santa Maria Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Bauru]]||[[Bauru Airport]]||||
|[[Bauru]]||[[Bauru Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Belém]]||[[Belém/Val-de-Cans International Airport|Val-de-Cans International Airport]]||||
|[[Belém]]||[[Belém/Val-de-Cans International Airport|Val-de-Cans International Airport]]||||
|-
|[[Belmonte, Bahia|Belmonte]]||Belmonte Airport||||
|-
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[Belo Horizonte]]||[[Belo Horizonte International Airport|Confins–Tancredo Neves International Airport]]||||
|rowspan="2"|[[Belo Horizonte]]||[[Belo Horizonte International Airport|Confins–Tancredo Neves International Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Pampulha Airport]]||||
|[[Carlos Drummond de Andrade Airport|Pampulha Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Brasília]]||[[Brasília International Airport|Pres. Juscelino Kubitschek International Airport]]||||
|[[Brasília]]||[[Brasília International Airport|Pres. Juscelino Kubitschek International Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Campina Grande]]||[[Pres. João Suassuna Airport]]||||
|[[Caçador]]||[[Caçador Airport]]||||
|-
|[[Caculé]]||Caculé Airport||||
|-
|[[Caetité]]||Caetité Airport||||
|-
|[[Campina Grande]]||[[Campina Grande Airport|Pres. João Suassuna Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Campinas]]||[[Viracopos International Airport]]||||
|[[Campinas]]||[[Viracopos International Airport]]||||
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|[[Caravelas]]||[[Caravelas Airport]]||||
|[[Caravelas]]||[[Caravelas Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Cascavel]]||[[Cascavel Airport|Regional West Airport]]||||
|[[Cascavel]]||[[Cascavel Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Chapecó]]||[[Chapecó Airport|Serafin Enoss Bertaso Airport]]||||
|[[Chapecó]]||[[Chapecó Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Concórdia]]||[[Concórdia Airport]]||||
|[[Concórdia]]||[[Concórdia Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Criciúma]]/[[Forquilhinha]]||[[Diomício Freitas Airport]]||||
|[[Criciúma]]/[[Forquilhinha]]||[[Diomício Freitas Airport|Forquilhinha/Criciúma Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Cuiabá]]/[[Várzea Grande, Mato Grosso|Várzea Grande]]||[[Marechal Rondon International Airport|Mal. Rondon International Airport]]||||
|[[Cuiabá]]/[[Várzea Grande, Mato Grosso|Várzea Grande]]||[[Marechal Rondon International Airport|Mal. Rondon International Airport]]||||
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|[[Erechim]]||[[Erechim Airport]]||||
|[[Erechim]]||[[Erechim Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Fernando de Noronha]]||[[Fernando de Noronha Airport|Gov. Carlos Wilson Airport]]||||
|[[Fernando de Noronha]]||[[Fernando de Noronha Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Florianópolis]]||[[Hercílio Luz International Airport]]||||
|[[Florianópolis]]||[[Hercílio Luz International Airport]]||||
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|[[Foz do Iguaçu]]||[[Foz do Iguaçu International Airport|Cataratas International Airport]]||||
|[[Foz do Iguaçu]]||[[Foz do Iguaçu International Airport|Cataratas International Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Goiânia]]||[[Goiânia International Airport|Santa Genoveva International Airport]]||||
|[[Goiânia]]||[[Goiânia International Airport|Santa Genoveva Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Ilhéus]]||[[Ilhéus Jorge Amado Airport|Jorge Amado Airport]]||||
|[[Ilhéus]]||[[Ilhéus Jorge Amado Airport|Ilhéus Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Joaçaba]]||[[Joaçaba Airport]]||||
|[[Joaçaba]]||[[Joaçaba Airport]]||||
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|[[João Pessoa, Paraíba|João Pessoa]]||[[Presidente Castro Pinto International Airport|Pres. Castro Pinto International Airport]]|| ||
|[[João Pessoa, Paraíba|João Pessoa]]||[[Presidente Castro Pinto International Airport|Pres. Castro Pinto International Airport]]|| ||
|-
|-
|[[Joinville]]||[[Joinville-Lauro Carneiro de Loyola Airport|Lauro Carneiro de Loyola Airport]]|| ||
|[[Joinville]]||[[Joinville-Lauro Carneiro de Loyola Airport|Joinville Airport]]|| ||
|-
|-
|[[Londrina]]||[[Londrina Airport|Gov. José Richa Airport]]|| ||
|[[Londrina]]||[[Londrina Airport]]|| ||
|-
|-
|[[Maceió]]||[[Zumbi dos Palmares International Airport]]||||
|[[Maceió]]||[[Zumbi dos Palmares International Airport]]||||
Line 152: Line 168:
|rowspan="2"|[[Manaus]]||[[Eduardo Gomes International Airport]]||||
|rowspan="2"|[[Manaus]]||[[Eduardo Gomes International Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Ponta Pelada Airport]]|||||
|[[Ponta Pelada Airport]]||airport closed|||
|-
|-
|[[Maringá]]||[[Maringá Regional Airport|Sílvio Name Júnior Regional Airport]]||align=center| ||align=center|
|rowspan="2"|[[Maringá]]||Dr. Gastão Vidigal Airport||airport closed||
|-
|-
|[[Nanuque]]||[[Nanuque Airport]]||||
|[[Maringá Regional Airport|Sílvio Name Júnior Regional Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Nanuque]]||Nanuque Airport||||
|[[Natal, Rio Grande do Norte|Natal]]||[[Augusto Severo International Airport|Parnamirim–Augusto Severo International Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Navegantes]]||[[Navegantes Airport|Min. Victor Konder International Airport]]||||
|[[Natal, Rio Grande do Norte|Natal]]||[[Augusto Severo International Airport]]||||
|-
|[[Navegantes]]||[[Navegantes Airport]]||||
|-
|[[Poços de Caldas]]||[[Poços de Caldas Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Porto Alegre]]||[[Salgado Filho Porto Alegre International Airport|Salgado Filho International Airport]]||||
|[[Porto Alegre]]||[[Salgado Filho Porto Alegre International Airport|Salgado Filho International Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Prado]]||[[Prado Airport]]||||
|[[Prado]]||Prado Airport||||
|-
|[[Quixadá]]||[[Quixadá Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Recife]]||[[Recife/Guararapes–Gilberto Freyre International Airport|Guararapes–Gilberto Freyre International Airport]]||||
|[[Recife]]||[[Recife/Guararapes–Gilberto Freyre International Airport|Guararapes International Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Ribeirão Preto]]||[[Leite Lopes Airport]]||||
|[[Ribeirão Preto]]||[[Leite Lopes Airport]]||||
Line 174: Line 196:
|[[Santos Dumont Airport]]||||
|[[Santos Dumont Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador]]||[[Salvador Bahia Airport|Dep. Luís Eduardo Magalhães International Airport]]||||
|[[Salinas, Minas Gerais|Salinas]]||[[Salinas Airport (Brazil)|Salinas Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[São José do Rio Preto]]||[[São José do Rio Preto Airport|Prof. Eribelto Manoel Reino State Airport]]||||
|[[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador da Bahia]]||[[Salvador Bahia Airport|Dep. Luís Eduardo Magalhães International Airport]]||||
|-
|[[São José do Rio Preto]]||[[São José do Rio Preto Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[São Luís, Maranhão|São Luís]]||[[Marechal Cunha Machado International Airport|Mal. Cunha Machado International Airport]]||||
|[[São Luís, Maranhão|São Luís]]||[[Marechal Cunha Machado International Airport|Mal. Cunha Machado International Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|rowspan="2"|[[São Paulo]]||[[São Paulo–Congonhas Airport|Congonhas–Dep. Freitas Nobre Airport]]||||
|rowspan="2"|[[São Paulo]]||[[São Paulo–Congonhas Airport|Congonhas Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport|Guarulhos–Gov. André Franco Montoro International Airport]]||||
|[[São Paulo/Guarulhos International Airport|Guarulhos–Gov. André Franco Montoro International Airport]]||||
Line 186: Line 210:
|[[Teresina]]||[[Teresina Airport|Sen. Petrônio Portella Airport]]||||
|[[Teresina]]||[[Teresina Airport|Sen. Petrônio Portella Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Uberlândia]]||[[Uberlândia Airport|Ten. Cel. Av. César Bombonato Airport]]||||
|[[Uberlândia]]||[[Uberlândia Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Umuarama]]||[[Umuarama Airport]]||||
|[[Umuarama]]||[[Umuarama Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|[[Vitória, Espírito Santo|Vitória]]||[[Eurico de Aguiar Salles Airport]]||align=center| ||align=center|
|[[Videira]]||[[Videira Airport]]|||
|-
|[[Vitória, Espírito Santo|Vitória]]||[[Eurico de Aguiar Salles Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|Canada||[[Montreal]]||[[Montréal-Mirabel International Airport|Mirabel International Airport]]||||
|Canada||[[Montreal]]||[[Montréal–Mirabel International Airport|Mirabel International Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|Chile||[[Santiago]]||[[Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport]]||||
|Chile||[[Santiago]]||[[Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|Netherlands||[[Amsterdam]]||[[Schiphol Airport]]||||
|Netherlands||[[Amsterdam]]||[[Amsterdam Airport Schiphol|Schiphol Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|rowspan="2"|Portugal||[[Lisbon]]||[[Lisbon Airport|Portela Airport]]|| ||
|rowspan="2"|Portugal||[[Lisbon]]||[[Lisbon Airport|Portela Airport]]|| ||
|-
|-
|[[Oporto]]||[[Francisco Sá Carneiro Airport]]||||
|[[Porto]]||[[Porto Airport|Pedras Rubras Airport]]||||
|-
|-
|United Kingdom||[[London]]||[[Gatwick Airport]]||||
|United Kingdom||[[London]]||[[Gatwick Airport]]||||
Line 210: Line 236:
|[[Orlando, Florida|Orlando]]||[[Orlando International Airport]]||||
|[[Orlando, Florida|Orlando]]||[[Orlando International Airport]]||||
|-
|-
||[[Washington D.C.]]||[[Dulles International Airport]]||||
||[[Washington, D.C.]]||[[Dulles International Airport]]||||
|}
|}


Line 281: Line 307:


==Airline Affinity Program==
==Airline Affinity Program==
TransPass was Transbrasil's [[Frequent-flyer program]]. Points could be used on Transbrasil and [[Interbrasil STAR]] services. Points held at the time of the airline's collapse lost their value as no other airline took over the program. {{citation needed|date=January 2014}}
TransPass was the [[Frequent-flyer program]] of Transbrasil. Points could be used on Transbrasil and [[Interbrasil STAR]] services. Points held at the time of the airline's collapse lost their value as no other airline took over the program. {{citation needed|date=January 2014}}


==Accidents and incidents==
==Accidents and incidents==
===As Sadia===
===As Sadia===
*4 August 1963: a [[Douglas DC-3|Douglas C-49E]] registration PP-SLL en route from [[Joaçaba Airport|Joaçaba]] to [[Videira Airport|Videira]] crashed into a hill when approaching Videira under poor visibility. All 10 occupants died.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19630804-0 | title=Accident description PP-SLL | publisher=Aviation Safety Network | access-date=22 July 2011}}</ref>
* 4 August 1963: a [[Douglas DC-3|Douglas C-49E]] registration PP-SLL en route from [[Joaçaba Airport|Joaçaba]] to [[Videira Airport|Videira]] crashed into a hill when approaching Videira under poor visibility. All 10 occupants died.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19630804-0 | title=Accident description PP-SLL | publisher=Aviation Safety Network | access-date=22 July 2011}}</ref>
*3 November 1967: a [[Handley Page Dart Herald|Handley Page Dart Herald 214]] registration PP-SDJ flying from [[Congonhas-São Paulo Airport|São Paulo-Congonhas]] to [[Afonso Pena International Airport|Curitiba-Afonso Pena]] collided with a hill during approach to land at Curitiba. All crew and 21 passengers died, 4 passengers survived.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19671103-0 | title=Accident description PP-SDJ | publisher=Aviation Safety Network | access-date=6 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | first=Carlos Ari César | last=Germano da Silva | title=O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928-1996 | chapter=Serra da Graciosa | publisher=EDIPUCRS | edition=2 | place=Porto Alegre | year=2008 | pages=256–261 | isbn=978-85-7430-760-2 | language=pt}}</ref>
* 3 November 1967: a [[Handley Page Dart Herald|Handley Page Dart Herald 214]] registration PP-SDJ flying from [[Congonhas-São Paulo Airport|São Paulo-Congonhas]] to [[Afonso Pena International Airport|Curitiba-Afonso Pena]] collided with a hill during approach to land at Curitiba. All crew and 21 passengers died, 4 passengers survived.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19671103-0 | title=Accident description PP-SDJ | publisher=Aviation Safety Network | access-date=6 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | first=Carlos Ari César | last=Germano da Silva | title=O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928-1996 | chapter=Serra da Graciosa | publisher=EDIPUCRS | edition=2 | place=Porto Alegre | year=2008 | pages=256–261 | isbn=978-85-7430-760-2 | language=pt}}</ref>
*16 March 1968: Douglas C-47A-35-DL (DC-3) registrationPP-AST en route from [[Miami]] to [[Arica]] Chile crashed near [[Tacna]]. All 4 occupants died.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19680316-0|title=Accident description PP-AST|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|access-date=22 July 2011}}</ref>
* 16 March 1968: Douglas C-47A-35-DL (DC-3) registration PP-AST en route from [[Miami]] to [[Arica]] Chile crashed near [[Tacna]]. All 4 occupants died.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19680316-0|title=Accident description PP-AST|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|access-date=22 July 2011}}</ref>


===As Transbrasil===
===As Transbrasil===
*22 January 1976: an [[Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante|Embraer EMB 110C Bandeirante]] registration PT-TBD operating flight 107 from [[Chapecó Airport|Chapecó]] to [[Erechim Airport|Erechim]], crashed upon take-off from Chapecó. Seven of the nine passengers and crew on board died.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19760122-1 | title=Accident description PT-TBD | publisher=Aviation Safety Network | access-date=26 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | first=Carlos Ari César | last=Germano da Silva | title=O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928-1996 | chapter=Estouro de pneu na decolagem | publisher=EDIPUCRS | edition=2 | place=Porto Alegre | year=2008 | pages=302–307 | isbn=978-85-7430-760-2 | language=pt}}</ref>
* 22 January 1976: an [[Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante|Embraer EMB 110C Bandeirante]] registration PT-TBD operating flight 107 from [[Chapecó Airport|Chapecó]] to [[Erechim Airport|Erechim]], crashed upon take-off from Chapecó. Seven of the nine passengers and crew on board died.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19760122-1 | title=Accident description PT-TBD | publisher=Aviation Safety Network | access-date=26 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | first=Carlos Ari César | last=Germano da Silva | title=O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928-1996 | chapter=Estouro de pneu na decolagem | publisher=EDIPUCRS | edition=2 | place=Porto Alegre | year=2008 | pages=302–307 | isbn=978-85-7430-760-2 | language=pt}}</ref>
*12 April 1980: a [[Boeing 727|Boeing 727-27C]] registration PT-TYS operating [[Transbrasil Flight 303|flight 303]] flying from [[Congonhas-São Paulo Airport|São Paulo-Congonhas]] to [[Hercílio Luz International Airport|Florianópolis]] was on a night instrumental approach to Florianópolis Airport under a severe thunderstorm. The aircraft went off course, struck a hill and exploded. Probable causes are misjudgment of speed and distance, inadequate flight supervision, failure to initiate a go-around and improper operation of the engines. Of the 58 passengers and crew aboard, 3 passengers survived.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19800412-0 | title=Accident description PT-TYS | publisher=Aviation Safety Network | access-date=22 July 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | first=Carlos Ari César | last=Germano da Silva | title=O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928-1996 | chapter=Transbrasil 303 | publisher=EDIPUCRS | edition=2 | place=Porto Alegre | year=2008 | pages=313–317 | isbn=978-85-7430-760-2 | language=pt}}</ref>
* 12 April 1980: a [[Boeing 727|Boeing 727-27C]] registration PT-TYS operating [[Transbrasil Flight 303|flight 303]] flying from [[Congonhas-São Paulo Airport|São Paulo-Congonhas]] to [[Hercílio Luz International Airport|Florianópolis]] was on a night instrumental approach to Florianópolis Airport under a severe thunderstorm. The aircraft went off course, struck a hill and exploded. Probable causes are misjudgment of speed and distance, inadequate flight supervision, failure to initiate a go-around and improper operation of the engines. Of the 58 passengers and crew aboard, 3 passengers survived.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19800412-0 | title=Accident description PT-TYS | publisher=Aviation Safety Network | access-date=22 July 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | first=Carlos Ari César | last=Germano da Silva | title=O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928-1996 | chapter=Transbrasil 303 | publisher=EDIPUCRS | edition=2 | place=Porto Alegre | year=2008 | pages=313–317 | isbn=978-85-7430-760-2 | language=pt}}</ref>
*21 March 1989: [[Transbrasil Flight 801|Flight 801]], a cargo [[Boeing 707|Boeing 707-349C]] registration PT-TCS, flying from [[Eduardo Gomes International Airport|Manaus]] to [[São Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport|São Paulo-Guarulhos]], crashed at the district of Vila Barros in Guarulhos, shortly before touch-down at runway 09R. That day, at 12:00 the runway was going to be closed for maintenance and the crew decided to speed up procedures to touch-down before closure (it was already 11:54). In a hurry, one of the crew members, by mistake, activated the air-dynamic brakes and the aircraft lost too much speed to have enough aerodynamic support (Stall). As a consequence the aircraft crashed at approximately 2&nbsp;km from the airport. There were 25 fatalities which of these three were crew members and 22 were civilians on the accident site. As well as the 22 fatalities,<ref name="Transbrasil Flight 801">{{cite web | url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19890321-0 | title=Accident description PT-TCS | publisher=Aviation Safety Network | access-date=20 January 2017}}</ref> there were also over 200 injured on the ground.<ref name="The New York Times - 01-20-17">{{cite news|title=At Least 16 Die as Brazilian Jet Hits Shantytown|work=The New York Times |date=22 March 1989 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/03/22/world/at-least-16-die-as-brazilian-jet-hits-shantytown.html|access-date=20 January 2017}}</ref> This aircraft was used in the filming of the movie ''[[Airport (1970 film)|Airport]]''.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19890321-0 | title=Accident description PT-TCS | publisher=Aviation Safety Network | access-date=14 July 2011}}</ref>
* 21 March 1989: [[Transbrasil Flight 801|Flight 801]], a cargo [[Boeing 707|Boeing 707-349C]] registration PT-TCS, flying from [[Eduardo Gomes International Airport|Manaus]] to [[São Paulo-Guarulhos International Airport|São Paulo-Guarulhos]], crashed at the district of Vila Barros in Guarulhos, shortly before touch-down at runway 09R. That day, at 12:00 the runway was going to be closed for maintenance and the crew decided to speed up procedures to touch-down before closure (it was already 11:54). In a hurry, one of the crew members, by mistake, activated the air-dynamic brakes and the aircraft lost too much speed to have enough aerodynamic support (Stall). As a consequence the aircraft crashed at approximately 2&nbsp;km from the airport. There were 25 fatalities which of these three were crew members and 22 were civilians on the accident site. As well as the 22 fatalities,<ref name="Transbrasil Flight 801">{{cite web | url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19890321-0 | title=Accident description PT-TCS | publisher=Aviation Safety Network | access-date=20 January 2017}}</ref> there were also over 200 injured on the ground.<ref name="The New York Times - 01-20-17">{{cite news|title=At Least 16 Die as Brazilian Jet Hits Shantytown|work=The New York Times |date=22 March 1989 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/03/22/world/at-least-16-die-as-brazilian-jet-hits-shantytown.html|access-date=20 January 2017}}</ref> This aircraft was used in the filming of the movie ''[[Airport (1970 film)|Airport]]''.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19890321-0 | title=Accident description PT-TCS | publisher=Aviation Safety Network | access-date=14 July 2011}}</ref>


== See also ==
==See also==
{{Portal|Brazil|Aviation|Transportation|Companies}}
{{Portal|Brazil|Aviation|Transportation|Companies}}
*[[List of defunct airlines of Brazil]]
* [[List of defunct airlines of Brazil]]


==References==
==References==
Line 303: Line 329:
==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Transbrasil}}
{{Commons category|Transbrasil}}
⚫
* [https://web.archive.org/web/*/www.transbrasil.com.br/i/index.htm Transbrasil]
*[http://aviation-safety.net/database/operator/airline.php?var=4776 Sadia accidents as per Aviation Safety Database]
⚫
* [https://web.archive.org/web/*/www.transbrasil.com.br Transbrasil] (Portuguese)
*[http://aviation-safety.net/database/operator/airline.php?var=4775 Transbrasil accidents as per Aviation Safety Database]
*[http://www.timetableimages.com/ttimages/tr.htm Timetable Images of Transbrasil]
*[http://www.airliners.net/search/photo.search?distict_entry=true&airlinesearch=TransBrasil Transbrasil Photo Archive at airliners.net]
⚫
*[https://web.archive.org/web/*/www.transbrasil.com.br/i/index.htm Transbrasil]
⚫
*[https://web.archive.org/web/*/www.transbrasil.com.br Transbrasil] (Portuguese)


{{Airlines of Brazil}}
{{Airlines of Brazil}}
{{Brazil topics}}
{{Brazil topics}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Transbrasil| ]]
[[Category:Transbrasil| ]]
[[Category:Defunct airlines of Brazil]]
[[Category:Defunct airlines of Brazil]]

Latest revision as of 01:24, 2 November 2024

Transbrasil
IATA ICAO Call sign
QD (as Sadia)
TR (as Transbrasil) 		TBA TRANSBRASIL
Founded5 January 1955; 69 years ago (1955-01-05)
Commenced operations16 March 1956; 68 years ago (1956-03-16)
Ceased operations3 December 2001; 23 years ago (2001-12-03)
HubsSão Paulo, Brazil
Frequent-flyer programTransPass
SubsidiariesAerobrasil
Interbrasil STAR
HeadquartersBrasília, Brazil
Key peopleOmar Fontana
Websitetransbrasil.com.br/i/index.htm

TransBrasil was a Brazilian airline which ceased operations on 3 December 2001. During most of its history, Transbrasil was owned by local entrepreneur Omar Fontana. Its aircraft usually featured a colorful livery, remarkably with a rainbow on the tail fin.[1] Transbrasil base was President Juscelino Kubitschek International Airport in Brasília.[2] From the 1970s and until its demise in 2002, Transbrasil was usually the third largest Brazilian airline after Varig and VASP, serving both domestic and international routes.

History

[edit]

First years as Sadia (1955–1972)

[edit]
A Dart Herald at Rio de Janeiro-Santos Dumont Airport in 1973

Transbrasil was born in the State of Santa Catarina as a sister company of S/A Indústria e Comércio Concórdia, better known by its acronym Sadia. In 1953 Omar Fontana, a pilot and one of the sons of the founder of Sadia Attilio Fontana, noticed that a Douglas DC-3 remained parked at Joaçaba Airport, near Concórdia, for the entire weekend. Omar Fontana came up with the idea of leasing the aircraft for transporting the products of Sadia to São Paulo. In 1954 Sadia acquired its own Douglas DC-3 and started daily flights to São Paulo–Congonhas Airport, having Omar as one of its crew members. However, since it was not an airline with a regular schedule, it could not receive subventions from the government. In order to avoid this restriction, on January 5, 1955 Omar Fontana founded Sadia S/A – Transportes Aéreos with 35 employees, 3 Douglas DC-3s and 2 Curtiss C-46s. The first regular flight was operated on March 16, 1956.[3]

TransBrasil BAC 1-11 series 500 at São Paulo Congonhas Airport in 1975

Sadia enlarged Concórdia Airport so that a Douglas DC-3 could operate with full load and created the first route linking Concórdia with Videira, Florianópolis, and São Paulo–Congonhas. A short time later, Sadia was also operating to Londrina, Bauru, Ribeirão Preto and Brasília.[4]

Embraer EMB-110 Bandeirante of Transbrasil at Rio Santos Dumont airport in 1975

In November 1957, Sadia established a partnership with Real Transportes Aéreos and became a feeder airline at Florianópolis. Whereas Real's Linneu Gomes got 50% of the shares of Sadia, Omar Fontana became part of the managing board of Real, where he gained airline experience. At this time Sadia moved its headquarters to São Paulo and expanded services to Rio de Janeiro–Santos Dumont and Porto Alegre. This partnership ended in 1961 with the demise of Real and Fontana bought back the shares he had earlier sold to Gomes.[5]

In 1962 Sadia bought TASSA–Transportes Aéreos Salvador S/A and increased its presence in Bahia. Its fleet had now 15 Douglas DC-3s and 12 Curtiss C-46s serving 53 cities.[6]

In 1967 most of Sadia network was eligible to receive subventions from the Federal government and aiming at those subventions Sadia bought five Handley Page Dart Heralds.[7] In 1968 Sadia joined the shuttle service (Portuguese: Ponte Aérea, meaning "air bridge") between Rio de Janeiro-Santos Dumont and São Paulo-Congonhas airports, operated since 1959 by Varig, Cruzeiro do Sul and VASP.[8] This service was abandoned only in 1999.

The first jet airliner type to be introduced into the fleet of Sadia, a stretched BAC One-Eleven Series 500, entered into service on September 17, 1970. In 1972 the name of the airline was changed to Transbrasil S/A Linhas Aéreas and its headquarters were moved to Brasília.[9]

Former logo of Transbrasil

Consolidation as Transbrasil (1972–1983)

[edit]
Boeing 727-100 at Salvador International Airport
  • 1973 - Transbrasil replaces its ageing Dart Heralds by new Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante light transport turboprops.
  • 1974 - Transbrasil starts to phase out its remainder Bandeirantes, Heralds and 1-11s, replacing them with Boeing 727-100. By 1979, its fleet consisted only of 727-100s.
  • 1983 - Its first Boeing 767-200 is delivered, and Transbrasil starts its international operations, initially with charter flights - and from 1989, with regular service - to Miami, Orlando and Washington D.C.

Apogee and downturn (1983–2003)

[edit]
Boeing 737-300 Transbrasil.
Boeing 727-100 Transbrasil

In 1990 Transbrasil fleet consisted of three 767-200, three Boeing 707 for cargo and passenger service (operated by its affiliated company, Aerobrasil) and 15 leased Boeing 737-300 and -400. In addition to domestic flights to most of the larger Brazilian cities, Transbrasil offered regular and charter service to Miami, Orlando, New York, Washington, Buenos Aires, Vienna, Amsterdam, London and even Beijing. During some time, due to discounted ticket prices and an aggressive commercial strategy Transbrasil surpassed VASP as the second largest Brazilian airline.

Despite its growing market share, Transbrasil was already experiencing financial problems. In 1987 after a formal request of its chairman Omar Fontana, Brazilian government took over Transbrasil management. However, soon Fontana started to disagree with the Brazilian Air Force officers nominated to run the company and in 1989 the intervention was cancelled. After Fontana stepped out from Transbrasil management due to health issues, the company was run by his son-in-law Celso Cipriani - a former police officer with no previous experience on airline management. Cipriani tenure on Transbrasil was controversial, and he has been formally charged with fraud, embezzlement of funds and property and mismanagement since then.[10]

On January 14, 1994, Transbrasil created its regional subsidiary Interbrasil STAR to operate as feeder-carrier. Services started on July 3, 1995. [citation needed]

In addition to the management problems, Transbrasil was also facing other difficulties, specially the reduced or no profit from its international routes, severe competition from other companies in the domestic front (specially TAM, a former air taxi company with a growing fleet) and growing expenses. Following the September 11 attacks, despite several government loans, Transbrasil was amassing huge debts with several suppliers. When Shell refused to further supply fuel without payment, Transbrasil's then aging and reduced fleet was grounded on 3 December 2001. It never returned to the air, and was declared bankrupt in 2003 at the request of one of its major debtors - GE Capital Aviation Services.[11]

After bankruptcy (2003–2010)

[edit]
TransBrasil planes abandoned at Brasília International Airport since 2001

On 16 September 2009 the Brazilian Federal Supreme Court began the analysis of the legality of the bankruptcy of Transbrasil.[12] The bankruptcy was confirmed on 2 October 2009.[13]

That same year, the Public Ministry was preparing to file charges against the senior management of the company. The main accused being Celso Cipriani, who allegedly committed crimes that hastened the company's demise.[14]

In 2010, the debt which caused the bankruptcy of Transbrasil was invalidated by the Court of Justice of São Paulo.[15]

On 15 February 2023, it was announced that the airframes of PT-TAA and PT-TAB would be moved away after being abandoned for 21 years at Brasília Airport.[16] This finally happened on 17 February 2023.[17]

Destinations

[edit]

Transbrasil operated scheduled services to the destinations below. The list includes destinations served by subsidiaries Interbrasil STAR, Aerobrasil and also destinations operated under the airline original name Sadia.[18]

Country City Airport Notes Refs
Argentina Buenos Aires Ezeiza International Airport
Córdoba Pajas Blancas International Airport
Austria Vienna Schwechat Airport
Brazil Aracaju Santa Maria Airport
Bauru Bauru Airport
Belém Val-de-Cans International Airport
Belmonte Belmonte Airport
Belo Horizonte Confins–Tancredo Neves International Airport
Pampulha Airport
Brasília Pres. Juscelino Kubitschek International Airport
Caçador Caçador Airport
Caculé Caculé Airport
Caetité Caetité Airport
Campina Grande Pres. João Suassuna Airport
Campinas Viracopos International Airport
Caravelas Caravelas Airport
Cascavel Cascavel Airport
Chapecó Chapecó Airport
Concórdia Concórdia Airport
Criciúma/Forquilhinha Forquilhinha/Criciúma Airport
Cuiabá/Várzea Grande Mal. Rondon International Airport
Curitiba Afonso Pena International Airport
Erechim Erechim Airport
Fernando de Noronha Fernando de Noronha Airport
Florianópolis Hercílio Luz International Airport
Fortaleza Pinto Martins International Airport
Foz do Iguaçu Cataratas International Airport
Goiânia Santa Genoveva Airport
Ilhéus Ilhéus Airport
Joaçaba Joaçaba Airport
João Pessoa Pres. Castro Pinto International Airport
Joinville Joinville Airport
Londrina Londrina Airport
Maceió Zumbi dos Palmares International Airport
Manaus Eduardo Gomes International Airport
Ponta Pelada Airport airport closed
Maringá Dr. Gastão Vidigal Airport airport closed
Sílvio Name Júnior Regional Airport
Nanuque Nanuque Airport
Natal Augusto Severo International Airport
Navegantes Navegantes Airport
Poços de Caldas Poços de Caldas Airport
Porto Alegre Salgado Filho International Airport
Prado Prado Airport
Quixadá Quixadá Airport
Recife Guararapes International Airport
Ribeirão Preto Leite Lopes Airport
Rio de Janeiro Galeão–Antonio Carlos Jobim International Airport
Santos Dumont Airport
Salinas Salinas Airport
Salvador da Bahia Dep. Luís Eduardo Magalhães International Airport
São José do Rio Preto São José do Rio Preto Airport
São Luís Mal. Cunha Machado International Airport
São Paulo Congonhas Airport
Guarulhos–Gov. André Franco Montoro International Airport
Teresina Sen. Petrônio Portella Airport
Uberlândia Uberlândia Airport
Umuarama Umuarama Airport
Videira Videira Airport
Vitória Eurico de Aguiar Salles Airport
Canada Montreal Mirabel International Airport
Chile Santiago Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport
Netherlands Amsterdam Schiphol Airport
Portugal Lisbon Portela Airport
Porto Pedras Rubras Airport
United Kingdom London Gatwick Airport
United States Miami Miami International Airport
New York City John F. Kennedy International Airport
Orlando Orlando International Airport
Washington, D.C. Dulles International Airport

Fleet

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A Transbrasil Boeing 767-200ER at John F. Kennedy International Airport (1994)
SADIA and TRANSBRASIL FLEETS[19][20]
Aircraft Total Years of Operation Notes
Douglas DC-3 12 1955–1968
Curtiss C-46 3 1956–1967
Handley Page Dart Herald 10 1963–1976
BAC One-Eleven series 500 10 1971–1978
Embraer EMB 110 6 1973–1976
Boeing 727-100 22 1974–1989
Boeing 707 10 1982–1991
Boeing 767-200 9 1983–2001
Boeing 737-300 13 1986–2001
Boeing 737-400 5 1989–2001
Boeing 767-300 5 1991–2001

Airline Affinity Program

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TransPass was the Frequent-flyer program of Transbrasil. Points could be used on Transbrasil and Interbrasil STAR services. Points held at the time of the airline's collapse lost their value as no other airline took over the program. [citation needed]

Accidents and incidents

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As Sadia

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As Transbrasil

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  • 22 January 1976: an Embraer EMB 110C Bandeirante registration PT-TBD operating flight 107 from Chapecó to Erechim, crashed upon take-off from Chapecó. Seven of the nine passengers and crew on board died.[25][26]
  • 12 April 1980: a Boeing 727-27C registration PT-TYS operating flight 303 flying from São Paulo-Congonhas to Florianópolis was on a night instrumental approach to Florianópolis Airport under a severe thunderstorm. The aircraft went off course, struck a hill and exploded. Probable causes are misjudgment of speed and distance, inadequate flight supervision, failure to initiate a go-around and improper operation of the engines. Of the 58 passengers and crew aboard, 3 passengers survived.[27][28]
  • 21 March 1989: Flight 801, a cargo Boeing 707-349C registration PT-TCS, flying from Manaus to São Paulo-Guarulhos, crashed at the district of Vila Barros in Guarulhos, shortly before touch-down at runway 09R. That day, at 12:00 the runway was going to be closed for maintenance and the crew decided to speed up procedures to touch-down before closure (it was already 11:54). In a hurry, one of the crew members, by mistake, activated the air-dynamic brakes and the aircraft lost too much speed to have enough aerodynamic support (Stall). As a consequence the aircraft crashed at approximately 2 km from the airport. There were 25 fatalities which of these three were crew members and 22 were civilians on the accident site. As well as the 22 fatalities,[29] there were also over 200 injured on the ground.[30] This aircraft was used in the filming of the movie Airport.[31]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Aviation Design"[1]." Retrieved on October 12, 2011.
  2. ^ "World Airline Directory." Flight International. March 30, 1985. 127." Retrieved on June 17, 2009.
  3. ^ Instituto Histórico-Cultural da Aeronáutica (2005). História Geral da Aeronáutica Brasileira: de janeiro de 1946 a janeiro de 1956 após o término da Segunda Guerra Mundial até a posse do Dr. Juscelino Kubitschek como Presidente da República (in Portuguese). Vol. 4. Rio de Janeiro: GR3 Comunicação & Design. p. 348.
  4. ^ Pereira, Aldo (1987). Breve História da Aviação Comercial Brasileira (in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Europa. p. 219.
  5. ^ Pereira, Aldo (1987). Breve História da Aviação Comercial Brasileira (in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Europa. pp. 219–220.
  6. ^ Instituto Histórico-Cultural da Aeronáutica (2014). História Geral da Aeronáutica Brasileira: de janeiro de 1956 a dezembro de 1966 Da posse do Presidente Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira até as vésperas da Reforma Administrativa (in Portuguese). Vol. 5. Rio de Janeiro: Incaer. p. 473.
  7. ^ Pereira, Aldo (1987). Breve História da Aviação Comercial Brasileira (in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Europa. p. 220.
  8. ^ Beting, Gianfranco; Beting, Joelmir (2009). Varig: Eterna Pioneira (in Portuguese). Porto Alegre and São Paulo: EDIPUCRS and Beting Books. pp. 83–84. ISBN 978-85-7430-901-9.
  9. ^ Pereira, Aldo (1987). Breve História da Aviação Comercial Brasileira (in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Europa. pp. 220–221.
  10. ^ "Transbrasil News 10 {in Portuguese}". Retrieved 14 October 2011.
  11. ^ "Transbrasil Secret Files {in Portuguese}". Retrieved 14 October 2011.
  12. ^ "STJ inicia análise de falência da Transbrasil". Valor Econômico (on line). 16 September 2009. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
  13. ^ "STJ confirma falência da Transbrasil". Valor Econômico (on line). 2 October 2009. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
  14. ^ "Ministério Público vai denunciar ex-administradores da Transbrasil". O Estadao de S.Paulo. 27 April 2009. Retrieved 7 July 2011.
  15. ^ "Falência turbinada". Istoé Dinheiro. 28 May 2010. Retrieved 7 July 2011.
  16. ^ "Aviões da TransBrasil começam a ser retirados do Aeroporto de Brasília". Aeroflap. 15 February 2023.
  17. ^ "Veja como foi a retirada parcial dos dois aviões da TransBrasil no Aeroporto de Brasília". Aeroflap. 17 February 2023.
  18. ^ "Transbrasil". Airline Timetable Images. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  19. ^ Pereira, Aldo (1987). Breve História da Aviação Comercial Brasileira (in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Europa. pp. 229–231.
  20. ^ Davies, R. E. G. (1997). Transbrasil: An Airline and its Aircraft. McLean: Paladwr Press. pp. passim.
  21. ^ "Accident description PP-SLL". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 22 July 2011.
  22. ^ "Accident description PP-SDJ". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 6 May 2011.
  23. ^ Germano da Silva, Carlos Ari César (2008). "Serra da Graciosa". O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928-1996 (in Portuguese) (2 ed.). Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS. pp. 256–261. ISBN 978-85-7430-760-2.
  24. ^ "Accident description PP-AST". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 22 July 2011.
  25. ^ "Accident description PT-TBD". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
  26. ^ Germano da Silva, Carlos Ari César (2008). "Estouro de pneu na decolagem". O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928-1996 (in Portuguese) (2 ed.). Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS. pp. 302–307. ISBN 978-85-7430-760-2.
  27. ^ "Accident description PT-TYS". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 22 July 2011.
  28. ^ Germano da Silva, Carlos Ari César (2008). "Transbrasil 303". O rastro da bruxa: história da aviação comercial brasileira no século XX através dos seus acidentes 1928-1996 (in Portuguese) (2 ed.). Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS. pp. 313–317. ISBN 978-85-7430-760-2.
  29. ^ "Accident description PT-TCS". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
  30. ^ "At Least 16 Die as Brazilian Jet Hits Shantytown". The New York Times. 22 March 1989. Retrieved 20 January 2017.
  31. ^ "Accident description PT-TCS". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 14 July 2011.
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