University of Gladzor: Difference between revisions
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| ⚫ | '''University of [[Gladzor]]''' ({{ |
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[[File:EsayiTeaching.jpg|thumb|A miniature depicting Esayi of Nich, abbot of Gladzor, while teaching]] |
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| ⚫ | '''University of [[Gladzor]]''' ({{langx|hy|Գլաձորի համալսարան|translit=Gladzori hamalsaran}}) was a medieval Armenian university, one of the two "great centres of learning" along with the [[Tatev#Tatev University|University of Tatev]] ({{circa|1340–1425}}) that were "essentially of a single tradition."<ref>{{cite book|last=Lang|first=David Marshall|title=Armenia, cradle of civilization|year=1980|publisher=Allen & Unwin|location=London|isbn=9780049560093|page=276|author-link=David Marshall Lang}}</ref><ref name="groong"/> It was established around 1280 by Nerses of [[Muş|Mush]],<ref name="groong">{{cite web|last=Arnavoudian|first=Eddie|title=Science versus Religion: the case of the Medieval Armenian University|url=http://groong.usc.edu/tcc/tcc-20101122.html|publisher=Armenian News Network / Groong, [[University of Southern California]]|access-date=2 November 2013|date=22 November 2010}}</ref> a student of [[Vardan Areveltsi]], and operated until 1340 and "left behind a rich intellectual heritage".<ref>{{cite book|last=Nersessian|first=Vrej|title=The Bible in the Armenian Tradition|year=2001|publisher=British Library|location=London|isbn=9780892366408|page=[https://books.google.com/books?id=7tSkalMzNvkC&dq=Gladzor+1340&pg=PA43 43]}}</ref> |
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The university grew out of the monastic center of learning of the Aghberts or Gladzor Monastery in the region of [[Vayots Dzor Province|Vayots Dzor]].{{Sfn|Khacheryan|1997}} It flourished under the patronage of the [[Orbelian Dynasty|Orbelian]] and [[Proshyan dynasty|Proshian]] noble families.{{Sfn|Khacheryan|1997}}{{Sfn|Hovannisian|1997|p=264}} Gladzor had at least nine professors and around fifteen lecturers.{{Sfn|Hovannisian|1997|p=264}} The university's longtime head was [[Esayi Nchetsi|Esayi of Nich (Nchetsi)]], who led the university until 1331.{{Sfn|Khacheryan|1997}} He was succeeded by the head teacher Tiratur.{{Sfn|Khacheryan|1997}} The noted miniature painters Toros Taronatsi, Avag and [[Momik]] taught and painted at Gladzor.{{Sfn|Khacheryan|1997}} |
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Gladzor had its own bylaws and granted academic degrees. Its three main courses were as follows: 1. Armenian and foreign texts, 2. the art of manuscript writing, and 3. [[Khaz (notation)|Armenian musical notation (khaz)]] and music.{{Sfn|Khacheryan|1997}} Among the subjects taught at the university were theology, mythology, philosophy, bibliology, grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, astronomy, chronology, and geometry.{{Sfn|Khacheryan|1997}} Around 350 students graduated from Gladzor University.{{Sfn|Khacheryan|1997}} The length of matriculation was seven to eight years, not counting the three years of religious education required to be admitted to the university.{{Sfn|Khacheryan|1997}} Graduates received the rank of ''[[vardapet]]''.{{Sfn|Khacheryan|1997}} Although it was referred to as a university and sometimes analogized to [[Medieval university|contemporary European universities]], scholar [[S. Peter Cowe]] suggests that Gladzor and other medieval Armenian academies were more comparable to [[Monastic school|monastic schools]].{{Sfn|Hovannisian|1997|p=307}} |
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== Gallery == |
== Gallery == |
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;Bibliography |
;Bibliography |
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*{{cite journal|last=Abrahamian|first=A. G.|title=Գլաձորի համալսարանի տեղը և հիմնադրության տարեթիվը (Գլաձորի համալսարանի հիմնադրման 700-ամյակի առթիվ)|journal=[[Patma-Banasirakan Handes]]|year=1982|issue=1|pages=159–176|url=https://arar.sci.am/dlibra/publication/190533/edition/173045/content|publisher=[[Armenian National Academy of Sciences]]|location=Yerevan|language=hy|issn=0135-0536|trans-title=The Place and Foundation Date of the University of Gladzor (on the 700th foundation anniversary of the Gladzor University)}} |
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*{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36343355 |title=The Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times |publisher=St. Martin's Press |year=1997 |isbn=0-312-10168-6 |editor-last=Hovannisian |editor-first=Richard G. |editor-link=Richard G. Hovannisian |volume=I |location=New York|oclc=36343355 }} |
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*{{Cite encyclopedia |year=1977 |title=Գլաձորի համալսարան |encyclopedia=[[Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia]] |location=Yerevan |url=https://hy.wikisource.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%BB:%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%8D%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6_(Soviet_Armenian_Encyclopedia)_3.djvu/91 |last=Khacheryan|first=L. |editor-last=Hambardzumyan |editor-first=Viktor |volume=3 |pages=91 |language=hy}} |
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== External links == |
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* [http://hushardzan.am/en/693/ “Gladzor University” Historical-Cultural Museum-Reservation] |
* [http://hushardzan.am/en/693/ “Gladzor University” Historical-Cultural Museum-Reservation] |
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Latest revision as of 02:24, 2 November 2024
University of Gladzor (Armenian: Գլաձորի համալսարան, romanized: Gladzori hamalsaran) was a medieval Armenian university, one of the two "great centres of learning" along with the University of Tatev (c. 1340–1425) that were "essentially of a single tradition."[1][2] It was established around 1280 by Nerses of Mush,[2] a student of Vardan Areveltsi, and operated until 1340 and "left behind a rich intellectual heritage".[3]
The university grew out of the monastic center of learning of the Aghberts or Gladzor Monastery in the region of Vayots Dzor.[4] It flourished under the patronage of the Orbelian and Proshian noble families.[4][5] Gladzor had at least nine professors and around fifteen lecturers.[5] The university's longtime head was Esayi of Nich (Nchetsi), who led the university until 1331.[4] He was succeeded by the head teacher Tiratur.[4] The noted miniature painters Toros Taronatsi, Avag and Momik taught and painted at Gladzor.[4]
Gladzor had its own bylaws and granted academic degrees. Its three main courses were as follows: 1. Armenian and foreign texts, 2. the art of manuscript writing, and 3. Armenian musical notation (khaz) and music.[4] Among the subjects taught at the university were theology, mythology, philosophy, bibliology, grammar, rhetoric, logic, arithmetic, astronomy, chronology, and geometry.[4] Around 350 students graduated from Gladzor University.[4] The length of matriculation was seven to eight years, not counting the three years of religious education required to be admitted to the university.[4] Graduates received the rank of vardapet.[4] Although it was referred to as a university and sometimes analogized to contemporary European universities, scholar S. Peter Cowe suggests that Gladzor and other medieval Armenian academies were more comparable to monastic schools.[6]
Gallery
[edit]-
Armenian manuscript of Gladzor University -
Armenian manuscript of Gladzor University -
Armenian manuscript of Gladzor University -
Armenian manuscript of Gladzor University -
Armenian manuscript of Gladzor University
References
[edit]- ^ Lang, David Marshall (1980). Armenia, cradle of civilization. London: Allen & Unwin. p. 276. ISBN 9780049560093.
- ^ a b Arnavoudian, Eddie (22 November 2010). "Science versus Religion: the case of the Medieval Armenian University". Armenian News Network / Groong, University of Southern California. Retrieved 2 November 2013.
- ^ Nersessian, Vrej (2001). The Bible in the Armenian Tradition. London: British Library. p. 43. ISBN 9780892366408.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Khacheryan 1997.
- ^ a b Hovannisian 1997, p. 264.
- ^ Hovannisian 1997, p. 307.
- Bibliography
- Abrahamian, A. G. (1982). "Գլաձորի համալսարանի տեղը և հիմնադրության տարեթիվը (Գլաձորի համալսարանի հիմնադրման 700-ամյակի առթիվ)" [The Place and Foundation Date of the University of Gladzor (on the 700th foundation anniversary of the Gladzor University)]. Patma-Banasirakan Handes (in Armenian) (1). Yerevan: Armenian National Academy of Sciences: 159–176. ISSN 0135-0536.
- Hovannisian, Richard G., ed. (1997). The Armenian People from Ancient to Modern Times. Vol. I. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-10168-6. OCLC 36343355.
- Khacheryan, L. (1977). "Գլաձորի համալսարան". In Hambardzumyan, Viktor (ed.). Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia (in Armenian). Vol. 3. Yerevan. p. 91.
{{cite encyclopedia}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
External links
[edit]39°46′42″N 45°20′52″E / 39.7783°N 45.3478°E
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