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[[File:Solitaire by Martine Clémenceau standard variant.png|thumb|Standard artwork variant|alt=Brunette- and curly-haired woman frowns, partially shows her frontal teeth, and directly looks at the camera. Her hands cusp her chin and stretch to where her fingertips touch her temples. The top yellow banner uses the singer's name "Martine Clémenceau" in plain black-colored typeface. Below the banner but still at the upper-left corner is the song title "Solitaire" in white cursive font.]]
"'''Solitaire'''" is a 1981 song sung and written by [[Martine Clémenceau]]. The English version was later released in March 1983 as the lead single of American singer [[Laura Branigan]]'s second studio album, ''[[Branigan 2]]'' (1983). It was lyricized in English by [[Diane Warren]] and produced by [[Jack White (producer)|Jack White]] and Robbie Buchanan.

==History==
⚫
The song originated as a 1981 recording in French by [[Martine Clémenceau]] for whom "Solitaire" was a modest hit with a French chart peak of #50 on the French pop charts where it remained for 22 weeks.<ref>[http://infodisc.siteinternet.com/SongMp.php?debut=11100 InfoDisc : Les Bilans Récapitulatifs (Chansons, Tubes ou Succès) des Titres selon la Place (M P)<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{Dead link|date=May 2012|bot=BlevintronBot}}</ref> Written by Clémenceau herself, the French version of "Solitaire" concerned a recluse who shuts himself away from a world moving toward nuclear war. The English lyrics of "Solitaire" reinvent the song's narrative, with the playing of the card game [[Solitaire (game)|solitaire]] employed as a metaphor for the singer enduring the neglect of her lover. "Solitaire" would launch the hitmaking career of [[Diane Warren]], who had recently been employed as a staff writer by Branigan's producer [[Jack White (producer)|Jack White]]; Warren gave White the completed lyrics for "Solitaire" the day after he asked her to give the song an English rendering.<ref>''Stars of David: rock'n'roll's Jewish stories''. Scott R Benarde. Brandeis University Press p 305</ref>

⚫
==Laura Branigan version==
{{Infobox song
{{Infobox song
| name = Solitaire
| name = Solitaire
Line 6: Line 13:
| artist = [[Laura Branigan]]
| artist = [[Laura Branigan]]
| album = [[Branigan 2]]
| album = [[Branigan 2]]
⚫
| B-side =
* "I'm Not the Only One"
* "If You Loved Me"
* "[[Squeeze Box (song)|Squeeze Box]]"
| released = March 23, 1983
| released = March 23, 1983
⚫
| format =
* [[7-inch single]]
* [[12-inch single]]
| recorded =
| recorded =
| studio =
| studio =
| genre =
| genre = [[Electropop]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Perrone |first=Pierre |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/laura-branigan-550376.html |title=Obituaries: Laura Branigan |work=[[The Independent]] |date=August 30, 2004 |accessdate=August 6, 2018}}</ref>
* [[Electropop]]<ref>{{cite web |last=Perrone |first=Pierre |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/laura-branigan-550376.html |title=Obituaries: Laura Branigan |work=[[The Independent]] |date=August 30, 2004 |accessdate=August 6, 2018}}</ref>
* [[synth-pop]]<ref name= "Breihan 2021">{{cite web|first= Tom |last= Breihan |title= The Number Ones: Starship's "Nothing's Gonna Stop Us Now|website= [[Stereogum]] |date= February 10, 2021|url= https://www.stereogum.com/2115442/the-number-ones-starships-nothings-gonna-stop-us-now/columns/the-number-ones/|quote= ...she came into her own by writing synthy, uptempo pop hits. Warren got her big break working with Laura Branigan, and she co-wrote “Solitaire,” a 1983 Branigan single...|accessdate= October 3, 2023}}</ref>
| length = 4:06
| length = 4:06
| label = [[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]]
| label = [[Atlantic Records|Atlantic]]
| composer = [[Martine Clémenceau]]
| composer = [[Martine Clémenceau]]
| lyricist =
| lyricist = * Martine Clémenceau
* Martine Clémenceau
* [[Diane Warren]]
* [[Diane Warren]]
| producer =
| producer = * [[Jack White (producer)|Jack White]]
⚫
* Robbie Buchanan
* [[Jack White (producer)|Jack White]]
⚫
| prev_title = [[Gloria (Umberto Tozzi song)#Laura Branigan version|Gloria]]
⚫
* [[Robbie Buchanan]]
⚫
| prev_title = [[Gloria (Umberto Tozzi song)|Gloria]]
| prev_year = 1982
| prev_year = 1982
| next_title = [[How Am I Supposed to Live Without You]]
| next_title = [[How Am I Supposed to Live Without You]]
Line 28: Line 36:
| misc = {{External music video|{{YouTube|8A5QjPUHJVA|"Solitaire"}}}}
| misc = {{External music video|{{YouTube|8A5QjPUHJVA|"Solitaire"}}}}
}}
}}
⚫
Released as the lead single from the ''[[Branigan 2]]'' album, "Solitaire" debuted on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] the week Branigan's breakthrough single "[[Gloria (Umberto Tozzi song)|Gloria]]" fell off the chart. With a peak position of number seven, "Solitaire" became Branigan's second consecutive top-10 entry.<ref>{{cite book |title= The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits: Eighth Edition |last=Whitburn |first=Joel |author-link=Joel Whitburn |year=2004 |publisher=Record Research |page=80}}</ref> It also reached numbers 16 and 28 on ''Billboard''{{'}}s [[Adult Contemporary (chart)|Adult Contemporary]] and [[Hot Dance Airplay|Dance]] charts, respectively. Internationally, the single charted at number eight in [[Canada]] and number 12 in [[New Zealand]].


⚫
The verses begin low and restrained, with the melody's theme repeated in ever-higher variations throughout the pre-chorus and chorus, climaxing in three high, sustained belts of "Solitaire". The song's rangy melody and dramatic refrain appealed to Branigan and producers Jack White and Robbie Buchanan, who extended the original arrangement to revolve back to one last refrain, giving Branigan a triumphant, sustained final note in keeping with the new lyrics by Warren, which have Branigan turning the tables on a neglectful lover and getting on with a life she had put on hold for him. The note is a mere two seconds shy of the world record for longest note held by a female singer in a pop song, which is held by [[Donna Summer]] in "[[Dim All the Lights]]" (which was covered by Branigan in 1995).
"'''Solitaire'''" is a song by American singer [[Laura Branigan]]. Written by [[Martine Clémenceau]] and [[Diane Warren]], produced by [[Jack White (producer)|Jack White]] and [[Robbie Buchanan]], it was released in March 1983 as the lead single from Branigan's second studio album, ''[[Branigan 2]]'' (1983).

==Background==
⚫
The song originated as a 1981 recording in French by Martine Clémenceau for whom "Solitaire" was a modest hit with a French chart peak of #50 on the French pop charts where it remained for 22 weeks.<ref>[http://infodisc.siteinternet.com/SongMp.php?debut=11100 InfoDisc : Les Bilans Récapitulatifs (Chansons, Tubes ou Succès) des Titres selon la Place (M P)<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{Dead link|date=May 2012|bot=BlevintronBot}}</ref> Written by Clémenceau herself, the French version of "Solitaire" concerned a recluse who shuts himself away from a world moving toward nuclear war. The English lyrics of "Solitaire" reinvent the song's narrative, with the playing of the card game [[Patience (game)|solitaire]] employed as a metaphor for the singer enduring the neglect of her lover. "Solitaire" would launch the hitmaking career of [[Diane Warren]], who had recently been employed as a staff writer by Branigan's producer [[Jack White (producer)|Jack White]]; Warren gave White the completed lyrics for "Solitaire" the day after he asked her to give the song an English rendering.<ref>''Stars of David: rock'n'roll's Jewish stories''. Scott R Benarde. Brandeis University Press p 305</ref>

⚫
==Laura Branigan version==
⚫
Released as the lead single from the ''[[Branigan 2]]'' album, "Solitaire" debuted on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]] the week Branigan's breakthrough single "[[Gloria (Umberto Tozzi song)|Gloria]]" fell off the chart. With a peak position of number seven, "Solitaire" became Branigan's second consecutive top-10 entry.<ref>{{cite book |title= The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits: Eighth Edition |last=Whitburn |first=Joel |authorlink=Joel Whitburn |year=2004 |publisher=Record Research |page=80}}</ref> It also reached numbers 16 and 28 on ''Billboard''{{'}}s [[Adult Contemporary (chart)|Adult Contemporary]] and [[Hot Dance Airplay|Dance]] charts, respectively. Internationally, the single charted at number eight in Canada and number 12 in New Zealand.

⚫
The verses begin low and restrained, with the melody's theme repeated in ever-higher variations throughout the pre-chorus and chorus, climaxing in three high, sustained belts of "Solitaire". The song's rangy melody and dramatic refrain appealed to Branigan and producers Jack White and [[Robbie Buchanan]], who extended the original arrangement to revolve back to one last refrain, giving Branigan a triumphant, sustained final note in keeping with the new lyrics by Warren, which have Branigan turning the tables on a neglectful lover and getting on with a life she had put on hold for him. The note is a mere two seconds shy of the world record for longest note held by a female singer in a pop song, which is held by [[Donna Summer]] in "[[Dim All the Lights]]" (which was covered by Branigan in 1995).


===Promotion===
===Promotion===
Line 44: Line 45:
"Solitaire" was promoted with an elaborately produced music video depicting the song's narrative: after her neglectful boyfriend leaves her, Branigan is shown recording at a studio and apparently occupied with the trappings of fame and career but spending her free time lonely. When her remorseful ex attempts a reconciliation, she shakes her head and walks away, pausing to flip a pack of cards toward him. He stoops down to pick them up. The rest of the video shows both of them spending time alone with flashbacks of their time together.
"Solitaire" was promoted with an elaborately produced music video depicting the song's narrative: after her neglectful boyfriend leaves her, Branigan is shown recording at a studio and apparently occupied with the trappings of fame and career but spending her free time lonely. When her remorseful ex attempts a reconciliation, she shakes her head and walks away, pausing to flip a pack of cards toward him. He stoops down to pick them up. The rest of the video shows both of them spending time alone with flashbacks of their time together.


An Atlantic 12″ featured an extended version of the song that ran 5:16 in length; Hot Tracks, a popular [[DJ]] remix service of the time, produced their own extended remix as well, which ran to 7:02 and clocked in at 140 [[Beats per minute|BPM]]. The song was re-released by Atlantic in the United States as an "Oldies Series" single in the mid-1980s, backed with "Gloria". In Europe, the song saw limited release as a 12″ single backed with "Gloria". In addition to ''Branigan 2'', which went out of print in 2004, the single version of "Solitaire" appears on 1995's ''[[The Best of Branigan]]'' (re-released in 2007), 2002's ''[[The Essentials: Laura Branigan]]'', and 2006's ''The Platinum Collection''.
An Atlantic 12″ featured an extended version of the song that ran 5:16 in length; Hot Tracks, a popular [[DJ]] remix service of the time, produced their own extended remix as well, which ran to 7:02 and clocked in at 140 [[Beats per minute|BPM]]. The song was re-released by Atlantic in the United States as an "Oldies Series" single in the mid-1980s, backed with "Gloria". In Europe, the song saw limited release as a 12″ single backed with "Gloria". In addition to ''Branigan 2'', which went out of print in 2004, the single version of "Solitaire" appears on 1995's ''[[The Best of Branigan]]'' (re-released in 2007), 2002's ''[[The Essentials: Laura Branigan]]'', and 2006's ''The Platinum Collection''. Diane Warren not only added English lyrics to Martine Clemenceau's song but she cowrote the magnificent 'Silent Partners' released by Laura in 1984.{{cn|date=December 2023}}


===Track listings===
===Track listings===
Line 89: Line 90:
! scope="col"| Peak<br>position
! scope="col"| Peak<br>position
|-
|-
! scope="row"| Australia ([[Kent Music Report]])<ref>{{cite book |last=Kent |first=David |authorlink=David Kent (historian) |title=Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 |edition=illustrated |location=St Ives, NSW |publisher=Australian Chart Book |year=1993 |page=45 |isbn=0-646-11917-6}}</ref>
! scope="row"| Australia ([[Kent Music Report]])<ref>{{cite book |last=Kent |first=David |author-link=David Kent (historian) |title=Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 |edition=illustrated |location=St Ives, NSW |publisher=Australian Chart Book |year=1993 |page=45 |isbn=0-646-11917-6}}</ref>
| 5
| 5
|-
! scope="row"| Bolivia ([[UPI]])<ref>{{cite news|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XThEAAAAIBAJ&dq=la+opinion+canciones+mas+populares&pg=PA10&article_id=6185,6209135|title=Las canciones más populares en América Latina|newspaper=[[La Opinión (Los Angeles)]]|language=es|access-date=September 30, 2024|date=December 5, 1983}}</ref>
|align="center"|4
|-
|-
{{single chart|Canadatopsingles|8|chartid=6252|rowheader=true|accessdate=August 6, 2020}}
{{single chart|Canadatopsingles|8|chartid=6252|rowheader=true|accessdate=August 6, 2020}}
|-
{{single chart|Canadaadultcontemporary|8|chartid=6320|rowheader=true|access-date=August 7, 2024}}
|-
|-
{{single chart|New Zealand|12|artist=Laura Branigan|song=Solitaire|rowheader=true|accessdate=August 6, 2020}}
{{single chart|New Zealand|12|artist=Laura Branigan|song=Solitaire|rowheader=true|accessdate=August 6, 2020}}
Line 105: Line 111:
! scope="row"| US ''[[Cashbox (magazine)|Cash Box]]'' Top 100<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cashboxmagazine.com/archives/80s_files/19830611.html |title=Cash Box Top 100 Singles – Week ending June 11, 1983 |work=[[Cashbox (magazine)|Cash Box]] |accessdate=August 6, 2020}}</ref>
! scope="row"| US ''[[Cashbox (magazine)|Cash Box]]'' Top 100<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cashboxmagazine.com/archives/80s_files/19830611.html |title=Cash Box Top 100 Singles – Week ending June 11, 1983 |work=[[Cashbox (magazine)|Cash Box]] |accessdate=August 6, 2020}}</ref>
| 8
| 8

|}
|}
{{col-2}}
{{col-2}}
Line 120: Line 127:
| 74
| 74
|-
|-
! scope="row"| US ''Billboard'' Hot 100<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/1983/hot-100-songs |title=Hot 100 Songs – Year-End 1983 |work=Billboard |accessdate=August 6, 2020}}</ref>
! scope="row"| US ''Billboard'' Hot 100<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.billboard.com/charts/year-end/1983/hot-100-songs |title=Hot 100 Songs – Year-End 1983 |magazine=Billboard |accessdate=August 6, 2020}}</ref>
| 59
| 59
|-
|-
Line 129: Line 136:


==Other versions==
==Other versions==
In 1982 "Solitaire" had been rendered in German as "Immer Mehr" and recorded by [[Milva]]; in 1983, in the wake of the Branigan version, another German rendering retaining the title "Solitaire" was recorded by [[Séverine (singer)|Séverine]] using the backing track from the Branigan recording. Also in 1983, Hungarian female singer [[Kati Kovács]] recorded her rendition of the song, using the lyrics from the Branigan version, that appeared on the album ''Super Hits''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.discogs.com/Various-Super-Hits/release/1202408|title=Various - Super Hits|website=Discogs}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=msQ0eta5Qhw|title=Solitaire|last=Kati Kovács - Topic|date=21 February 2016|publisher=|via=YouTube}}</ref>
In 1982 "Solitaire" had been rendered in German as "Immer Mehr" and recorded by [[Milva]]; in 1983, in the wake of the Branigan version, another German rendering retaining the title "Solitaire" was recorded by [[Séverine (singer)|Séverine]] using the backing track from the Branigan recording. Also in 1983, Hungarian female singer [[Kati Kovács]] recorded her rendition of the song, using the lyrics from the Branigan version, that appeared on the album ''Super Hits''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.discogs.com/Various-Super-Hits/release/1202408|title=Various - Super Hits|website=Discogs}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=msQ0eta5Qhw |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/msQ0eta5Qhw| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|title=Solitaire|last=Kati Kovács - Topic|date=21 February 2016|publisher=|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> The Argentine singer [[Julia Zenko]] also included it on her first album, Vital, from 1983.


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* {{MetroLyrics song|laura-branigan|solitaire}}<!-- Licensed lyrics provider -->


{{Laura Branigan singles}}
{{Laura Branigan singles}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Solitaire (Laura Branigan Song)}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Solitaire (Laura Branigan Song)}}

Latest revision as of 05:16, 2 November 2024

Brunette- and curly-haired woman frowns, partially shows her frontal teeth, and directly looks at the camera. Her hands cusp her chin and stretch to where her fingertips touch her temples. The top yellow banner uses the singer's name "Martine Clémenceau" in plain black-colored typeface. Below the banner but still at the upper-left corner is the song title "Solitaire" in white cursive font.
Standard artwork variant

"Solitaire" is a 1981 song sung and written by Martine Clémenceau. The English version was later released in March 1983 as the lead single of American singer Laura Branigan's second studio album, Branigan 2 (1983). It was lyricized in English by Diane Warren and produced by Jack White and Robbie Buchanan.

History

[edit]

The song originated as a 1981 recording in French by Martine Clémenceau for whom "Solitaire" was a modest hit with a French chart peak of #50 on the French pop charts where it remained for 22 weeks.[1] Written by Clémenceau herself, the French version of "Solitaire" concerned a recluse who shuts himself away from a world moving toward nuclear war. The English lyrics of "Solitaire" reinvent the song's narrative, with the playing of the card game solitaire employed as a metaphor for the singer enduring the neglect of her lover. "Solitaire" would launch the hitmaking career of Diane Warren, who had recently been employed as a staff writer by Branigan's producer Jack White; Warren gave White the completed lyrics for "Solitaire" the day after he asked her to give the song an English rendering.[2]

Laura Branigan version

[edit]
"Solitaire"
Single by Laura Branigan
from the album Branigan 2
B-side
ReleasedMarch 23, 1983
Genre
Length4:06
LabelAtlantic
Composer(s)Martine Clémenceau
Lyricist(s)
Producer(s)
Laura Branigan singles chronology
"Gloria"
(1982) 		"Solitaire"
(1983) 		"How Am I Supposed to Live Without You"
(1983)
Music video
"Solitaire" on YouTube

Released as the lead single from the Branigan 2 album, "Solitaire" debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 the week Branigan's breakthrough single "Gloria" fell off the chart. With a peak position of number seven, "Solitaire" became Branigan's second consecutive top-10 entry.[5] It also reached numbers 16 and 28 on Billboard's Adult Contemporary and Dance charts, respectively. Internationally, the single charted at number eight in Canada and number 12 in New Zealand.

The verses begin low and restrained, with the melody's theme repeated in ever-higher variations throughout the pre-chorus and chorus, climaxing in three high, sustained belts of "Solitaire". The song's rangy melody and dramatic refrain appealed to Branigan and producers Jack White and Robbie Buchanan, who extended the original arrangement to revolve back to one last refrain, giving Branigan a triumphant, sustained final note in keeping with the new lyrics by Warren, which have Branigan turning the tables on a neglectful lover and getting on with a life she had put on hold for him. The note is a mere two seconds shy of the world record for longest note held by a female singer in a pop song, which is held by Donna Summer in "Dim All the Lights" (which was covered by Branigan in 1995).

Promotion

[edit]

Branigan promoted the song with appearances on American Bandstand, Solid Gold and The Merv Griffin Show, among others. The song's dramatic, theatrical style and range was a vocal showcase, and it was not uncommon for talent show contestants such as those on Star Search to tackle "Solitaire". It was a favorite of a young Celine Dion, who performed the song in a rare televised clip.

"Solitaire" was promoted with an elaborately produced music video depicting the song's narrative: after her neglectful boyfriend leaves her, Branigan is shown recording at a studio and apparently occupied with the trappings of fame and career but spending her free time lonely. When her remorseful ex attempts a reconciliation, she shakes her head and walks away, pausing to flip a pack of cards toward him. He stoops down to pick them up. The rest of the video shows both of them spending time alone with flashbacks of their time together.

An Atlantic 12″ featured an extended version of the song that ran 5:16 in length; Hot Tracks, a popular DJ remix service of the time, produced their own extended remix as well, which ran to 7:02 and clocked in at 140 BPM. The song was re-released by Atlantic in the United States as an "Oldies Series" single in the mid-1980s, backed with "Gloria". In Europe, the song saw limited release as a 12″ single backed with "Gloria". In addition to Branigan 2, which went out of print in 2004, the single version of "Solitaire" appears on 1995's The Best of Branigan (re-released in 2007), 2002's The Essentials: Laura Branigan, and 2006's The Platinum Collection. Diane Warren not only added English lyrics to Martine Clemenceau's song but she cowrote the magnificent 'Silent Partners' released by Laura in 1984.[citation needed]

Track listings

[edit]

Charts

[edit]

Other versions

[edit]

In 1982 "Solitaire" had been rendered in German as "Immer Mehr" and recorded by Milva; in 1983, in the wake of the Branigan version, another German rendering retaining the title "Solitaire" was recorded by Séverine using the backing track from the Branigan recording. Also in 1983, Hungarian female singer Kati Kovács recorded her rendition of the song, using the lyrics from the Branigan version, that appeared on the album Super Hits.[22][23] The Argentine singer Julia Zenko also included it on her first album, Vital, from 1983.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ InfoDisc : Les Bilans Récapitulatifs (Chansons, Tubes ou Succès) des Titres selon la Place (M P) [dead link‍]
  2. ^ Stars of David: rock'n'roll's Jewish stories. Scott R Benarde. Brandeis University Press p 305
  3. ^ Perrone, Pierre (August 30, 2004). "Obituaries: Laura Branigan". The Independent. Retrieved August 6, 2018.
  4. ^ Breihan, Tom (February 10, 2021). "The Number Ones: Starship's "Nothing's Gonna Stop Us Now". Stereogum. Retrieved October 3, 2023. ...she came into her own by writing synthy, uptempo pop hits. Warren got her big break working with Laura Branigan, and she co-wrote "Solitaire," a 1983 Branigan single...
  5. ^ Whitburn, Joel (2004). The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits: Eighth Edition. Record Research. p. 80.
  6. ^ "Laura Branigan - Solitaire (Vinyl)". Discogs. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
  7. ^ "Laura Branigan - Solitaire (Vinyl, UK)". Discogs. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
  8. ^ "Laura Branigan - Solitaire / If You Loved Me / Squeeze Box (Vinyl)". Discogs. Retrieved October 7, 2015.
  9. ^ Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 (illustrated ed.). St Ives, NSW: Australian Chart Book. p. 45. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
  10. ^ "Las canciones más populares en América Latina". La Opinión (Los Angeles) (in Spanish). December 5, 1983. Retrieved September 30, 2024.
  11. ^ "Top RPM Singles: Issue 6252." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved August 6, 2020.
  12. ^ "Top RPM Adult Contemporary: Issue 6320." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved August 7, 2024.
  13. ^ "Laura Branigan – Solitaire". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved August 6, 2020.
  14. ^ "Laura Branigan Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved August 6, 2020.
  15. ^ "Laura Branigan | Awards". AllMusic. Archived from the original on January 10, 2016. Retrieved August 6, 2020.
  16. ^ "Laura Branigan Chart History (Dance Club Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved August 6, 2020.
  17. ^ "Cash Box Top 100 Singles – Week ending June 11, 1983". Cash Box. Retrieved August 6, 2020.
  18. ^ "National Top 100 Singles for 1983". Kent Music Report (497). January 2, 1984 – via Imgur.
  19. ^ "The Top Singles of 1983". RPM. Vol. 39, no. 17. December 24, 1983. p. 10. ISSN 0315-5994 – via Library and Archives Canada.
  20. ^ "Hot 100 Songs – Year-End 1983". Billboard. Retrieved August 6, 2020.
  21. ^ "The Cash Box Year-End Charts: 1983 – Top 100 Pop Singles". Cash Box. December 31, 1983. Retrieved August 6, 2020.
  22. ^ "Various - Super Hits". Discogs.
  23. ^ Kati Kovács - Topic (21 February 2016). "Solitaire". Archived from the original on 2021-12-12 – via YouTube.
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