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Coordinates: 4°39′N 74°3′W / 4.650°N 74.050°W / 4.650; -74.050
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{{Short description|1831–1858 state in South America}}
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{{Infobox Former Country
{{No footnotes|date=May 2024}}
⚫
|native_name = República de la Nueva Granada
⚫
{{Infobox country
⚫
|conventional_long_name = Republic of New Granada
⚫
| native_name = {{native name|es|República de la Nueva Granada}}
⚫
|common_name = New Granada
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| conventional_long_name= Republic of New Granada
⚫
|s1 = Granadine Confederation
⚫
| common_name = New Granada
|p1 = Greater Colombia
⚫
| s1 = Granadine Confederation
⚫
|flag_s1 = Flag of New Granada.svg
|flag_p1 = Bandera de la Gran Colombia 1819.svg
| p1 = Gran Colombia
⚫
| flag_s1 = Flag of New Granada.svg
|continent = South America
|country = Colombia
| flag_p1 = Flag of the Gran Colombia.svg
|government_type = Presidential republic
| government_type = Presidential republic
| title_leader = [[President of Colombia|President]]
⚫
|event_start =
|leader1 = [[Domingo Caycedo]]
|year_start = 1831
|year_leader1 = 1831
|date_start = October 20
|leader2 = [[Mariano Ospina Rodríguez]]
|event_end = Constitutional Change
|year_leader2 = 1857–1858
|year_end = 1858
|date_end = April 11
| event_start =
|event1 = [[Bill of rights]]¹
| year_start = 1831
|date_event1 = 1853
| date_start = 20 October
|flag = Flag of Colombia
| event_end = Constitutional Change
|image_flag = Flag of New Granada.svg
| year_end = 1858
|symbol = Coat of arms of Colombia
| date_end = 11 April
|image_coat = Escudo de la Nueva Granada.svg
| event1 = [[Bill of rights]]<sup>1</sup>
| date_event1 = 1853
⚫
|image_map = New Granada (orthographic projection).svg
| flag = Flag of Colombia
⚫
|image_map_caption = Republic of the New Granada
|capital = [[Bogotá|Santa Fé de Bogotá]]
| image_flag = Flag of New Granada.svg
| symbol = Coat of arms of Colombia
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|national_motto = ''{{lang|es|Libertad y Orden}}'' <br/> ({{lang-en|Liberty and Order}})
|religion = Roman Catholic
| image_coat = Coat of arms of New Granada.svg
⚫
| image_map = New Granada (orthographic projection).svg
⚫
|currency = [[Colombian Peso|Peso]]
⚫
| image_map_caption = Republic of New Granada
|today = {{flag|Brazil}} <br /> {{flag|Colombia}}<br /> {{flag|Costa Rica}} <br /> {{flag|Ecuador}} <br /> {{flag|Nicaragua}} <br /> {{flag|Panama}}<br /> {{flag|Peru}} <br /> {{flag|Venezuela}}
| capital = [[Bogotá|Santa Fé de Bogotá]]
⚫
|footnotes = &sup1; [[Abolitionism|Abolition]] of [[slavery]], and [[suffrage]] to all males over 21.
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| national_motto = {{lang|es|Libertad y Orden}} <br/> ({{langx|en|Liberty and Order}})
| religion = [[Roman Catholicism]]
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| currency = [[Colombian Peso|Peso]]
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| footnotes = <sup>1</sup> [[Abolitionism|Abolition]] of [[slavery]], and [[suffrage]] to all males over 21.
| demonym = {{hlist|New Granadian|Granadine}}
| area_km2 = 1,331,250
⚫
| stat_year1 = 1851
| stat_pop1 = 2,243,730
}}
}}


{{History of Colombia}}
⚫
The '''Republic of New Granada''' was a centralist republic consisting primarily of present-day [[Colombia]] and [[Panama]] with smaller portions of today's [[Ecuador]], and [[Venezuela]]. It was created after the dissolution in 1830 of [[Gran Colombia]].
==Colombian Constitution of 1832==


⚫
The '''Republic of New Granada''' was a [[Centralism|centralist]] [[unitary republic]] consisting primarily of present-day [[Colombia]] and [[Panama]] with smaller portions of today's [[Costa Rica]], [[Ecuador]], [[Venezuela]], [[Peru]] and [[Brazil]] that existed from 1831 to 1858. The state was created after the dissolution of [[Great Colombia]] in 1830 through the secession of Ecuador and Venezuela. In 1858 the state was renamed into the [[Granadine Confederation]].
⚫
One of the prime features of the political climate of the republic was the position of the Catholic Church and the level of autonomy for the federal states. In 1839, dispute arose over the shutting down of monasteries by the Congress of New Granada. This soon escalated into the [[War of the Supremes]], which raged for the next two years and transformed into a conflict about regional autonomy.
On 9 May 1834, the national flag was adopted and was used until 26 November 1861, with the [[Gran Colombia]]n colours in Veles' arrangement. The merchant ensign had the eight-pointed star in white.


== History ==
New Granada was transformed in 1858 to the [[Granadine Confederation]] as an answer to demands for a decentralized country.

The history of the Republic of New Granada was marked by competing economic and political interests and rocked by violent conflicts and civil wars. One of the prime features of the political climate of the Republic was the position of the Roman Catholic Church and the level of autonomy for the federal states.

⚫
In 1839, a dispute arose over the dissolution of monasteries by the Congress of New Granada. This soon escalated into the [[War of the Supremes]], which raged for the next two years and transformed into a conflict about regional autonomy and a border conflict with Ecuador. Panama tried unsuccessfully to break away from New Granada in 1840 and 1850.

In 1851 a [[Colombian Civil War of 1851|Civil war took place]], which was triggered by the Liberal reforms of President [[José Hilario López]], which provided for the emancipation of slaves, the expulsion of the Jesuits, the granting of freedom of the press and the abolition of the death penalty.
As a reaction, Conservative and pro-slavery groups from Cauca and Antioquia departments, led by [[Julio Arboleda]], Manuel Ibánez and Eusebio Borrero, revolted against liberal president [[José Hilario López]], in an attempt to prevent [[emancipation]] of disenfranchised groups and abolition of [[slavery]], in addition to a number of religious issues.
In 1853 there was a Liberal constitutional reform, and in 1854 there was [[Colombian Civil War of 1854|another civil war]] under the dictatorship of General [[José María Melo]]. In 1858 a federal constitution was introduced. An uprising by General [[Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera]] sparked a new [[Colombian Civil War (1860–1862)|three-year civil war in 1860]]. After the capture of Bogotá in 1861 by Mosquera, who proclaimed himself president, the country was renamed and given a new constitution to form the [[Granadine Confederation]] in response to demands for a decentralized administration for the country.


==Provinces==
==Provinces==
{{main|Provinces of the Republic of New Granada}}
{{main|Provinces of the Republic of New Granada}}
⚫
The territory of the republic was divided into provinces. Each province was composed of one or more cantons, each canton was divided into several districts.


⚫
The Republic also included some territories in the peripheral regions of the country.
⚫
The territory of the Republic was divided into provinces. Each province was composed of one or more cantons, each canton was divided into several districts parish.

⚫
Likewise, the Republic covered some territories in the peripheries of the country.


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Colombia]]
*[[Gran Colombia]]


== Sources ==
⚫
{{Colombia topics}}
* [https://iemarcofidelsuarezpasto.edu.co/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/GUIA-9-COLOMBIA-1830-%E2%80%93-1858.-CICLO-4-SOC.-DANILO.pdf INSTITUCION EDUCATIVA MUNICIPAL MARCO FIDEL SUAREZ]
* [https://archivos.juridicas.unam.mx/www/bjv/libros/4/1972/56.pdf UNAM]
* [http://www.cosmovisions.com/ChronoColombie1902.htm Histoire de la Colombie de 1831 à 1861]
* [https://www.ecured.cu/Rep%C3%BAblica_de_Nueva_Granada Ecured]


⚫
{{Colombia topics}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coord|4|39|N|74|3|W|source:eswiki_region:CO_type:country|display=title}}
{{coord|4|39|N|74|3|W|source:eswiki_region:CO_type:country|display=title}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2016}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:New Granada, Republic of}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:New Granada, Republic of}}
[[Category:19th century in Colombia]]
[[Category:Republic of New Granada| ]]
[[Category:Former republics]]
[[Category:1831 establishments in the Republic of New Granada]]
[[Category:1858 disestablishments in the Republic of New Granada]]

[[Category:States and territories established in 1831]]
{{Colombia-geo-stub}}
[[Category:States and territories disestablished in 1858]]
{{SouthAm-hist-stub}}

Latest revision as of 06:49, 2 November 2024

Republic of New Granada
República de la Nueva Granada (Spanish)
1831–1858
Motto: Libertad y Orden
(English: Liberty and Order)
Republic of New Granada
Republic of New Granada
CapitalSanta Fé de Bogotá
Religion
Roman Catholicism
Demonym(s)
  • New Granadian
  • Granadine
GovernmentPresidential republic
President 
• 1831
Domingo Caycedo
• 1857–1858
Mariano Ospina Rodríguez
History 
• Established
20 October 1831
1853
• Constitutional Change
11 April 1858
Area
• Total
1,331,250 km2 (514,000 sq mi)
Population
• 1851
2,243,730
CurrencyPeso
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Gran Colombia
Granadine Confederation
1 Abolition of slavery, and suffrage to all males over 21.
Part of a series on the
History of Colombia
Coat of arms of Colombia
Timeline
Pre-Columbian period pre-1499
Spanish colonization 1499–1550
New Kingdom of Granada 1550–1717
Viceroyalty of New Granada 1717–1819
1810–1816
Gran Colombia 1819–1831
Republic of New Granada 1831–1858
Granadine Confederation 1858–1863
United States of Colombia 1863–1886
Republic of Colombia 1886–present
flag Colombia portal

The Republic of New Granada was a centralist unitary republic consisting primarily of present-day Colombia and Panama with smaller portions of today's Costa Rica, Ecuador, Venezuela, Peru and Brazil that existed from 1831 to 1858. The state was created after the dissolution of Great Colombia in 1830 through the secession of Ecuador and Venezuela. In 1858 the state was renamed into the Granadine Confederation. On 9 May 1834, the national flag was adopted and was used until 26 November 1861, with the Gran Colombian colours in Veles' arrangement. The merchant ensign had the eight-pointed star in white.

History

[edit]

The history of the Republic of New Granada was marked by competing economic and political interests and rocked by violent conflicts and civil wars. One of the prime features of the political climate of the Republic was the position of the Roman Catholic Church and the level of autonomy for the federal states.

In 1839, a dispute arose over the dissolution of monasteries by the Congress of New Granada. This soon escalated into the War of the Supremes, which raged for the next two years and transformed into a conflict about regional autonomy and a border conflict with Ecuador. Panama tried unsuccessfully to break away from New Granada in 1840 and 1850.

In 1851 a Civil war took place, which was triggered by the Liberal reforms of President José Hilario López, which provided for the emancipation of slaves, the expulsion of the Jesuits, the granting of freedom of the press and the abolition of the death penalty. As a reaction, Conservative and pro-slavery groups from Cauca and Antioquia departments, led by Julio Arboleda, Manuel Ibánez and Eusebio Borrero, revolted against liberal president José Hilario López, in an attempt to prevent emancipation of disenfranchised groups and abolition of slavery, in addition to a number of religious issues.

In 1853 there was a Liberal constitutional reform, and in 1854 there was another civil war under the dictatorship of General José María Melo. In 1858 a federal constitution was introduced. An uprising by General Tomás Cipriano de Mosquera sparked a new three-year civil war in 1860. After the capture of Bogotá in 1861 by Mosquera, who proclaimed himself president, the country was renamed and given a new constitution to form the Granadine Confederation in response to demands for a decentralized administration for the country.

Provinces

[edit]
Main article: Provinces of the Republic of New Granada

The territory of the republic was divided into provinces. Each province was composed of one or more cantons, each canton was divided into several districts.

The Republic also included some territories in the peripheral regions of the country.

See also

[edit]

Sources

[edit]

4°39′N 74°3′W / 4.650°N 74.050°W / 4.650; -74.050

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