Desertas Islands: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Small Portuguese archipelago}} |
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{{unreferenced|date=January 2017}} |
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{{more citations needed|date=January 2021}} |
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{{Infobox islands |
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{{Location map |
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| name = Desertas Islands |
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|Atlantic Ocean |
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| native_name = Ilhas Desertas |
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| native_name_link = |
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|lon_dir=W |
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| native_name_lang = |
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|lat_dir=N |
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| sobriquet = <!-- or |nickname= --> |
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|lat_deg=32|lat_min=29 |
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| image_name = Ventura do Mar (27284243454).jpg |
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|lon_deg=16|lon_min=29 |
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| image_size = |
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|position=left |
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| image_caption = Visiting sailboat at the bay of the Ilhas Desertas Nature Reserve. The islands are uninhabited. |
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|width=200 |
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| image_alt = |
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|float=right |
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| image_map = Madeira topographic map-fr.svg |
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|mark=Cercle rouge 100%.svg |
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| map_caption = Location of the Desertas Islands archipelago,<br/>in the [[Madeira Islands|Madeira Islands Archipelago]], [[Macaronesia]]. |
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|marksize=20 |
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| pushpin_map = Atlantic Ocean |
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| pushpin_label = |
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| pushpin_label_position = |
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| pushpin_map_alt = |
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| pushpin_relief = |
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| pushpin_map_caption = Location in the Atlantic Ocean |
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| coordinates = <!-- {{coord|display=it}} --> |
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| etymology = |
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| location = [[Atlantic Ocean]] |
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| grid_reference = <!-- UK only --> |
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| archipelago = |
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| waterbody = |
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| total_islands = |
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| major_islands = |
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| area_km2 = 14.21 |
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| area_footnotes = |
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| rank = |
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| length_km = 22.34 |
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| length_footnotes = |
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| width_km = 1.34 |
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| width_footnotes = |
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| coastline_km = |
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| coastline_footnotes = |
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| elevation_m = |
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| elevation_footnotes = |
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| highest_mount = |
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| country = [[Portugal]] |
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| country_admin_divisions_title = Autonomous Region |
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| country_admin_divisions = Madeira |
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| country_admin_divisions_title_1 = |
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| country_admin_divisions_1 = |
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| country_admin_divisions_title_2 = |
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| country_admin_divisions_2 = |
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| country_capital_type = |
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| country_capital = |
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| country_largest_city_type = |
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| country_largest_city = |
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| country_capital_and_largest_city = |
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| country_largest_city_population = |
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| country_leader_title = |
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| country_leader_name = |
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| country_area_km2 = |
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| demonym = |
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| population = |
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| population_as_of = |
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| population_footnotes = |
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| population_rank = |
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| population_rank_max = |
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| density_km2 = |
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| density_rank = |
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| density_footnotes = |
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| languages = |
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| ethnic_groups = |
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| timezone1 = |
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| utc_offset1 = |
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| timezone1_DST = |
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| utc_offset1_DST = |
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| website = |
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| additional_info = |
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| footnotes = |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''Desertas Islands''' ({{langx|pt|Ilhas Desertas}}, {{IPA|pt|ˈiʎɐʒ ðɨˈzɛɾtɐʃ|IPA}}, "Deserted Islands") are a small [[archipelago]] in the [[Atlantic Ocean]], part of the larger Portuguese [[Madeira|Madeira Archipelago]]. |
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{{Geobox|Island |
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<!-- *** Heading *** --> |
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| name = Ilhas Desertas |
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| native_name = |
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| other_name = |
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| category = [[Archipelago]] |
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| native_category = Arquipélago |
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<!-- *** Names **** --> |
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| etymology = ''desertas'', [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] plural of ''deserted'' |
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| official_name = Ilhas Desertas |
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| nickname = |
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<!-- *** Image *** --> |
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| image = DesertaGrandeDSC07376.jpg |
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| image_caption = Visiting sailboats at the bay of the Ilhas Desertas Nature Reserve, the islands are uninhabited. |
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| image_size = 300 |
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<!-- *** Country *** --> |
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| country = {{flag|Portugal}} |
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| state_type = Autonomous Region |
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| state = {{flag|Madeira|name=Madeira}} |
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<!-- *** Family *** --> |
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| parent_type = Location |
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| parent = Tore-Madeira Ridge |
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| parent1_type = Location |
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| parent1 = [[African Plate|African Tectonic Plate]] |
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| parent2_type = Location |
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| parent2 = [[Atlantic Ocean]] |
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| range = Madeira |
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| range_type = Archipelago |
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| border = |
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| part_type = Islands/Islets |
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| part = [[Deserta Grande Island]],<br/>[[Bugio Island]],<br/>[[Chão Islet]] |
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| landmark = |
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| river = |
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<!-- *** Locations *** --> |
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| highest = Boqueiro Norte |
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| highest_location = [[Deserta Grande Island|Deserta Grande]] |
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| highest_region = |
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| highest_state = [[Santa Cruz, Madeira|Santa Cruz da Madeira]] |
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| highest_elevation = 442 |
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| highest_coordinates = {{coord|32|32|46|N|16|31|31|W|display=inline}} |
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| lowest = Sea level |
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| lowest_location = Atlantic Ocean |
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| lowest_region = |
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| lowest_country = |
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| lowest_elevation = 0 |
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| length = 22.34 |
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| length_orientation = Northwest-Southeast |
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| width = 1.34 |
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| width_orientation = North-South |
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| area = 14.21 |
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<!-- *** Features *** --> |
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| geology = Alkali basalt |
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| geology1 = Tephra |
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| geology2 = Trachyte |
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| geology3 = Trachybasalt |
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| orogeny = Volcanism |
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| period = [[Holocene]], [[Pliocene]] |
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| biome = Temperate |
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| biome1 = [[Mediterranean climate|Mediterranean]] |
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| plant = |
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| animal = |
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<!-- *** Free fields *** --> |
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| free_type = Demonym |
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| free = |
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| free1_type = Ethnic groups |
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| free1 = |
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<!-- *** Maps *** --> |
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| map = Madeira topographic map-fr.svg |
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| map_size = 235 |
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| map_caption = Location of the Desertas Islands archipelago,<br/>in the [[Madeira Islands|Madeira Islands Archipelago]], [[Macaronesia]]. |
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| map_background = |
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| map_location = |
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| map_locator = |
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<!-- *** Website *** --> |
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| commonscat = Ilhas Desertas |
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| website = |
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<!-- *** Footnotes *** --> |
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| footnotes = Statistics from [[Instituto Nacional de Estatística|INE]] (2001); geographic detail from Instituto Geográfico Português (2010) |
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}} |
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The '''Desertas Islands''' ({{lang-pt|Ilhas Desertas}}, {{IPA-pt|ˈiʎɐʒ ðɨˈzɛɾtɐʃ|IPA}}, "Deserted Islands") are a small [[archipelago]], in the [[Macaronesia]] region of the [[Atlantic Ocean]]. They are within the Portuguese [[Madeira|Autonomous Region of Madeira]], and part of the larger Madeira Archipelago. |
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The archipelago is located off the coast of [[Morocco |
The archipelago is located off the coast of [[Morocco]]. Deserta Grande Island is located about {{convert|25|km|mi}} southeast of the eastern tip of [[Madeira Island]], [[Ponta de São Lourenço]]. |
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==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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[[File:Ilhas Desertas, el aero.JPG|thumb|left|Aerial view of the Desertas Islands (''Ilhas Desertas'')]] |
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The archipelago of the Desertas Islands is a chain of three long and narrow islands that stretch over a north/south distance of {{convert|22.3|km|mi}}. The Desertas Islands, from north to south with approximate area figures, are: |
The archipelago of the Desertas Islands is a chain of three long and narrow islands that stretch over a north/south distance of {{convert|22.3|km|mi}}. The Desertas Islands, from north to south with approximate area figures, are: |
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{| class="wikitable" style="background: #CCC;" |
{| class="wikitable" style="background: #CCC;" |
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===Administration=== |
===Administration=== |
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Administratively, the islands are part of the [[Santa Cruz, Madeira|Municipality of Santa Cruz]] in Madeira, and in the Santa Cruz [[freguesia|civil parish]]. |
Administratively, the islands are part of the [[Santa Cruz, Madeira|Municipality of Santa Cruz]] in Madeira, and in the Santa Cruz [[freguesia|civil parish]]. |
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The islands are a designated Portuguese [[nature reserve]]. A licence is needed to land there. |
The islands are a designated Portuguese [[nature reserve]]. A licence is needed to land there. |
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==Natural history== |
==Natural history== |
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[[File:Deserta Grande Wardens-HouseDSC07384.jpg|thumb|left|Nature reserve warden's house on [[Deserta Grande Island]]]] |
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Though close to the main island of Madeira, where the islands can often be seen on the horizon, the geology of the Ilhas Desertas is starkly different. The high, long, and rocky islands of the group are barren of [[topsoil]], and the only [[wildlife]] consists of about sixteen [[species]] of [[bird]]s, including eight species of [[seabirds]], and a scarce population of [[feral]] [[goat]]s, [[rabbit]]s, and [[rodent]]s, brought from [[Portugal]] by the mariners who first touched the rocky shores. The [[Deserta Grande wolf spider]] and [[Madeiran wall lizard]] also exist in the fragile and [[arid]] [[ecosystem]]. |
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[[File:P. A. Zino.gif|thumb|upright|left|[[Paul Alexander Zino]]]] |
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Though near the main island of Madeira, where the islands can often be seen on the horizon, the geology of the Ilhas Desertas is starkly different. The high, long, and rocky islands of the group are barren of [[topsoil]], and the only [[wildlife]] consists of about sixteen [[species]] of [[bird]]s, including eight species of seabirds, and a scarce population of [[feral]] [[goat]]s, [[rabbit]]s, and [[rodent]]s, brought from [[Portugal]] by the mariners who first reached the rocky shores. The [[Deserta Grande wolf spider]] and [[Madeiran wall lizard]] also exist in the fragile and [[arid]] [[ecosystem]]. |
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The only inhabitable island, with its own water source, is [[Deserta Grande Island|Deserta Grande]]. This water is |
The only inhabitable island, with its own water source, is [[Deserta Grande Island|Deserta Grande]]. This water is murky and scarce, and historic attempts to colonise the island failed due to the impracticability of agriculture. |
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A tiny colony of [[Mediterranean monk seal]]s |
A tiny colony of [[Mediterranean monk seal]]s inhabits the beaches, and since 1990 the islands have been constituted as a [[nature reserve]] for their protection. In 1998, the colony numbered only eight; now the population is approximately forty seals. The only humans on the islands are the permanent wardens, geologists, occasional boaters, and those who work at the few research stations. |
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===Important Bird Area=== |
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The Desertas archipelago has been recognised as an [[Important Bird Area]] (IBA) by [[BirdLife International]] because of its [[seabird]] [[bird colony|colonies]]. These include [[Fea's petrel|Fea's]] and [[Bulwer's petrel]]s, [[Cory's shearwater|Cory's]] and [[Barolo shearwater]]s, [[band-rumped storm petrel]]s, [[common tern]]s and [[Caspian gull]]s.<ref name=bli>{{cite web |url=http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/ilhas-desertas-iba-portugal|title= Ilhas Desertas|author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2021|website= BirdLife Data Zone|publisher= BirdLife International|access-date= 19 January 2021}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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*[[List of islands of Portugal]] |
*[[List of islands of Portugal]] |
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==References== |
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<gallery mode="packed"> |
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{{Reflist}} |
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File:Deserta Grande Wardens-HouseDSC07384.jpg|Nature reserve warden’s house on [[Deserta Grande Island]] |
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File:P. A. Zino.gif|[[Paul Alexander Zino|P.A. Zino]] |
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File:Ilhas Desertas, el aero.JPG|Aerial view of the Desertas Islands (''Ilhas Desertas'') |
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</gallery> |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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*[http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/north_africa/txu-oclc-6949452-ni28-13.jpg Topographic map of the Desertas Islands (1:250,000)] |
*[http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/north_africa/txu-oclc-6949452-ni28-13.jpg Topographic map of the Desertas Islands (1:250,000)] |
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{{portalbar|Islands|Portugal}} |
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{{Municipalities of Madeira}} |
{{Municipalities of Madeira}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Islands of the Autonomous Region of Madeira]] |
[[Category:Islands of the Autonomous Region of Madeira]] |
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[[Category:Islands of Macaronesia]] |
[[Category:Islands of Macaronesia]] |
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[[Category:Archipelagoes of Portugal]] |
[[Category:Archipelagoes of Portugal]] |
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[[Category:Natura 2000 in Portugal]] |
[[Category:Natura 2000 in Portugal]] |
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[[Category:Important Bird Areas of Madeira]] |
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Latest revision as of 09:42, 2 November 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (January 2021) |
Native name: Ilhas Desertas | |
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.jpg) Visiting sailboat at the bay of the Ilhas Desertas Nature Reserve. The islands are uninhabited. | |
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  Desertas Islands Location in the Atlantic Ocean | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Atlantic Ocean |
| Area | 14.21 km2 (5.49 sq mi) |
| Length | 22.34 km (13.881 mi) |
| Width | 1.34 km (0.833 mi) |
| Administration | |
| Autonomous Region | Madeira |
The Desertas Islands (Portuguese: Ilhas Desertas, IPA: [ˈiʎɐʒ ðɨˈzɛɾtɐʃ], "Deserted Islands") are a small archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, part of the larger Portuguese Madeira Archipelago.
The archipelago is located off the coast of Morocco. Deserta Grande Island is located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of the eastern tip of Madeira Island, Ponta de São Lourenço.
Geography
[edit]
The archipelago of the Desertas Islands is a chain of three long and narrow islands that stretch over a north/south distance of 22.3 kilometres (13.9 mi). The Desertas Islands, from north to south with approximate area figures, are:
| Island | Area (km2) | Height (m) |
|---|---|---|
| Chão Islet | 1 | 98 |
| Deserta Grande | 10 | 442 |
| Bugio | 3 | 348 |
| TOTAL | 14.21 | 442 |
Administration
[edit]Administratively, the islands are part of the Municipality of Santa Cruz in Madeira, and in the Santa Cruz civil parish.
The islands are a designated Portuguese nature reserve. A licence is needed to land there.
Natural history
[edit]
Though near the main island of Madeira, where the islands can often be seen on the horizon, the geology of the Ilhas Desertas is starkly different. The high, long, and rocky islands of the group are barren of topsoil, and the only wildlife consists of about sixteen species of birds, including eight species of seabirds, and a scarce population of feral goats, rabbits, and rodents, brought from Portugal by the mariners who first reached the rocky shores. The Deserta Grande wolf spider and Madeiran wall lizard also exist in the fragile and arid ecosystem.
The only inhabitable island, with its own water source, is Deserta Grande. This water is murky and scarce, and historic attempts to colonise the island failed due to the impracticability of agriculture.
A tiny colony of Mediterranean monk seals inhabits the beaches, and since 1990 the islands have been constituted as a nature reserve for their protection. In 1998, the colony numbered only eight; now the population is approximately forty seals. The only humans on the islands are the permanent wardens, geologists, occasional boaters, and those who work at the few research stations.
Important Bird Area
[edit]The Desertas archipelago has been recognised as an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because of its seabird colonies. These include Fea's and Bulwer's petrels, Cory's and Barolo shearwaters, band-rumped storm petrels, common terns and Caspian gulls.[1]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Ilhas Desertas". BirdLife Data Zone. BirdLife International. 2021. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Desertas Islands at Wikimedia Commons- Topographic map of the Desertas Islands (1:250,000)
 Municipalities of the Madeira Autonomous Region | ||
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| Madeira Island |  | |
| Porto Santo Island | ||
| International | |
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| National | |
