Selenča: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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|official_name = Selenča |
|official_name = Selenča |
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|other_name = |
|other_name = |
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|native_name = <br>Selenča |
|native_name = {{native name|sr-Cyrl|Селенча|italics=off}}<br />{{native name|sk|Selenča}}<br /> |
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{{native name|hu|Bácsújfalu}} |
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|nickname = |
|nickname = |
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|settlement_type = |
|settlement_type = [[List of populated places in Serbia|Village]] ([[village#Slavic countries|Selo]]) |
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|motto = |
|motto = |
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|image_skyline = |
|image_skyline = Selenča, Evangelical (Slovak) Church.jpg |
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|imagesize = |
|imagesize = 250 |
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|image_caption = |
|image_caption = The Evangelical church, built in 1870 |
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|image_flag = |
|image_flag = |
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|flag_size = |
|flag_size = |
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|image_seal = |
|image_seal = |
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|mapsize = |
|mapsize = |
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|map_caption = |
|map_caption = |
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|pushpin_map = Vojvodina |
|pushpin_map = Serbia Vojvodina#Serbia#Europe |
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|pushpin_label_position =bottom |
|pushpin_label_position = bottom |
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|pushpin_mapsize= |
|pushpin_mapsize = |
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|pushpin_map_caption = |
|pushpin_map_caption = |
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|subdivision_type = Country |
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] |
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|subdivision_name ={{flag| |
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Serbia}} |
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|subdivision_type1 = [[Administrative divisions of |
| subdivision_type1 = [[Administrative divisions of Serbia|Province]] |
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|subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Vojvodina}} |
| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Vojvodina}} |
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|subdivision_type2 = [[ |
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of regions of Serbia|Region]] |
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|subdivision_name2 |
| subdivision_name2 = [[Bačka]] |
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|subdivision_type3 = [[ |
| subdivision_type3 = [[Districts of Serbia|District]] |
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|subdivision_name3 = |
| subdivision_name3 = [[South Bačka District|South Bačka]] |
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| subdivision_type4 = [[Municipalities and cities of Serbia|Municipality]] |
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| subdivision_name4 = [[Bač, Serbia|Bač]] |
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|subdivision_type5 = Local community |
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|subdivision_name5 = Selenča |
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|government_footnotes = |
|government_footnotes = |
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|government_type = |
|government_type = |
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|leader_title = |
|leader_title = President of the Local community council |
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|leader_name = |
|leader_name = Marina Vrabčenjak (in 2022) |
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|established_title = |
|established_title = |
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|established_date = |
|established_date = 1758 |
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|area_magnitude = |
|area_magnitude = |
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|unit_pref |
|unit_pref = Imperial |
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|area_footnotes |
|area_footnotes = |
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|area_total_km2 |
|area_total_km2 = 32.13 |
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|area_land_km2 |
|area_land_km2 = |
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|population_as_of = 2011 |
|population_as_of = 2011 |
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|population_footnotes = |
|population_footnotes = |
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|population_note = |
|population_note = |
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|population_total = |
|population_total = 2,996 |
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|population_density_km2 = |
|population_density_km2 = 93 |
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|timezone =[[Central European Time|CET]] |
|timezone =[[Central European Time|CET]] |
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|utc_offset = +1 |
|utc_offset = +1 |
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|timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]] |
|timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]] |
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|utc_offset_DST = +2 |
|utc_offset_DST = +2 |
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|coordinates = {{coord|45|25|N|19|18|E|display=inline}} |
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|latd= 45|latm= 25|lats= |latNS= N |
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|elevation_footnotes = |
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|longd= 19|longm= 18|longs= |longEW= E |
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| |
|elevation_m = 85 |
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|elevation_m = |
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|elevation_ft = |
|elevation_ft = |
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|postal_code_type = |
|postal_code_type = |
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|postal_code = |
|postal_code = 21425 |
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|area_code = |
|area_code = |
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|blank_name = |
|blank_name = |
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|footnotes = |
|footnotes = |
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}} |
}} |
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[[File:Selenča,_Evangelical_(Slovak)_Church.jpg|right|thumb|250px|The Evangelical church.]] |
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[[Image:Selenča,_Catholic_Church.jpg|right|thumb|250px|The Catholic church.]] |
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[[File:Bac mun.png|right|thumb|250px|Map of the Bač municipality showing the location of Selenča.]] |
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'''Selenča''' ({{lang-sr|Selenča}}, {{lang-sk|Selenča}}) is a village in [[Serbia]]. It is situated in the [[Bač, Vojvodina|Bač]] municipality, [[South Bačka District]], [[Vojvodina]] province. The village has a Slovak ethnic majority and its population numbering 3,279 people (2002 census). |
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'''Selenča''' ({{langx|sr|Селенча}}, {{langx|sk|Selenča}}, {{langx|hu|Bácsújfalu}}) is a village in [[Serbia]]. It is situated in the [[Bač, Serbia|Bač]] municipality, [[South Bačka District]], [[Vojvodina]] province. The village had a population of 2,996 according to the 2011 census, with an overwhelming [[Slovaks|Slovak]] ethnic majority (over 90%).<ref name=Politika>{{cite news | author = Andrijana Cvetićanin | title = Мало место са много метли | trans-title = Small place with many brooms | newspaper = [[Politika]]-Magazin, No. 1090 | pages = 20–21 | language = sr | date = 19 August 2018}}</ref> |
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==Demographics== |
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== Location == |
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[[File:Selenča, Catholic Church.jpg|right|thumb|250px|The Catholic church]] |
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Selenča is located in the [[Bačka]] region, in the [[South Bačka District]], seated in [[Novi Sad]], also the provincial capital. It is situated {{convert|4|km|abbr=on}} northeast from Bač,<ref name=gens/> its municipal seat, and {{convert|157|km|abbr=on}} northwest of the capital [[Belgrade]].<ref name=Politika/> |
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It is bounded by the village of [[Ratkovo]] on the north, [[Parage (Bačka Palanka)|Parage]] on the east, [[Tovariševo]] on the south, [[Deronje]] on the northwest and the town of Bač on the west and southwest. |
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== Geography == |
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The village is located on the [[diluvial]] terrace, at an altitude of {{convert|85|m|abbr=on}}, {{convert|3|km|abbr=on}} north of the [[Karavukovo]]-[[Bački Petrovac]] canal, part of the [[Danube–Tisa–Danube Canal]].<ref name=Politika/> Channeled river [[Mostonga]] is to the west. |
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The Bač Fishpond is located west of the village, while the protected reserve of the [[Karađorđevo hunting ground]] is just to the southwest. |
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== History == |
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It is known that the surrounding area was inhabited prior to the 1526 [[Battle of Mohacs]].<ref name=Politika/> The settlement was mentioned for the first time in 1590, during the [[Ottoman Hungary|Ottoman period]], under the name of Selence. It was a small village of 26 houses, inhabited by the Serbs.<ref name=gens/> |
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The contract which established the Slovak settlement was signed in 1758. At that time, the Slovaks were migrating from the northern sections of [[Hungary]], at that time part of [[Austria]], into the fertile southern parts, modern Vojvodina. In that first year, [[vital records]] show that 9 babies were born.<ref name=Politika/> The original Slovak settlers were [[Evangelical Church of the Augsburg Confession in Slovakia|Evangelicals]], but due to the religious skirmishes they were forced out later. Another wave of Slovak settlers from [[Slovakia]], this time Roman Catholic ones, settled into the empty houses.<ref name=gens/> |
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The migration waves dwindled by the end of the 18th century.<ref name=gens/> By the end of the 18th century an arranged settlement with proper streets developed.<ref name=Politika/> |
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The electricity reached the village in 1908 and the phone lines in 1937. In 1985 the central communal [[water supply]] system was finished.<ref name=gens/> |
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== Name == |
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There are two major theories on the origin of the village name. One, which claims that the [[toponym]] ''Selenča'' is a [[diminutive]] of the word ''selo'', a generic Slavic term for a village in general. The other theory says that it marks the place of migration (''seliti se'', ''selište'').<ref name=Politika/> |
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== Administration == |
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With the rest of Vojvodina, Selenča became part of Serbia on 25 November 1918, and part of the united South Slav state, future [[Yugoslavia]], on 1 December 1918. During the [[Interbellum]], the village had its own municipality which comprised only Selenča. The municipality was part of the ''[[srez]]'' [[Odžaci]] which was originally within the ''[[okrug]]'' of Bačka and [[Baranya (region)|Baranja]], and in 1929 became part of the [[Danube Banovina]].<ref name=pop21>{{cite book | title = Final results of the census of population from 31 January 1921, page 360 | date = June 1932 | publisher = Kingdom of Yugoslavia – General State Statistics, Sarajevo}}</ref><ref name=pop31>{{cite book | title = Final results of the census of population from 31 March 1931, page 53 | date = 1937 | publisher = Kingdom of Yugoslavia – General State Statistics, Belgrade}}</ref> |
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After [[World War II]], Selenča municipality remained part of the ''srez'' Odžaci until they were abolished with the massive changes in the administrative and territorial changes in Yugoslavia in the late 1950s and early 1960s. By the 1961 census, it became part of the Bač municipality.<ref>{{cite book | title = Final results of the population census of March 15th 1948, Volume IX, Population by ethnic nationality, page 337 | date = 1954 | publisher = Federal Statistical, Belgrade }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title= Popis stanovništva 1953, Stanovništvo po narodnosti (pdf)|publisher=Savezni zavod za statistiku, Beograd}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title= Popis stanovništva 1961, Stanovništvo prema nacionalnom sastavu (pdf)|publisher=Savezni zavod za statistiku, Beograd}}</ref> |
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== Demographics == |
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Ethnic groups (2002 census): |
Ethnic groups (2002 census): |
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*[[Slovaks]] = 2,990 |
*[[Slovaks]] = 2,990 |
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*[[ |
*[[Romani people|Romani]] = 175 |
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*[[Serbs]] = 45 |
*[[Serbs]] = 45 |
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*[[Hungarians]] = 12 |
*[[Hungarians]] = 12 |
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*others. |
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Selenča has been continuously depopulating since the 1960s.<ref name=pop4811>{{cite book|title= Comparative overview of the number of population in 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2002 and 2011 – Data by settlements, page 29|date=2014|publisher= Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade|isbn=978-86-6161-109-4}}</ref> In the 2010s, the majority of émigrés left for Slovakia and Italy in search of work.<ref name=Politika/> |
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==Historical population== |
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The Slovaks remained in the overwhelming majority. Since the 1960s and 1970s, the Romani began settling in the village.<ref name=gens/> |
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*1961: 4,155 |
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*1971: 4,057 |
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== Historical population == |
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*1981: 4,008 |
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*1991: 3,705 |
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{{Historical populations |
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*2002: 3,279 |
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| align = none |
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==See also== |
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| percentages = pagr |
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*[[List of places in Vojvodina]] |
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| cols = 2 |
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| 1921 |3078 |
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| 1931 |3390 |
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| 1948 |3800 |
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| 1953 |3999 |
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| 1961 |4155 |
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| 1971 |4057 |
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| 1981 |4008 |
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| 1991 |3705 |
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| 2002 |3279 |
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| 2011 |2996 |
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| source = <ref name=pop21/><ref name=pop31/><ref name=pop4811/><ref>Slobodan Ćurčić, Broj stanovnika Vojvodine, Novi Sad, 1996</ref> |
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| |
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}} |
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== Characteristics == |
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In the 19th century, the Imperial Austrian [[surveyors]] were sent to re-measure the area and to set the future look of the village. They measured and marked the main and side streets, divided the area in the lots for housing, yards, churches and other public buildings. They arranged the crossings of streets at the [[right angle]]s so the village consists of the proper blocks which contain 12 houses each.<ref name=Politika/> |
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Hence, Selenča is a typical settlement of the [[Pannonian Basin|Pannonian]] type, compact, square shaped, with the regular grid-like layout of the streets. However, as the village grew, generally in the southwest–northeast direction, the non-planned building and expansion produced irregular street patterns on the periphery. With this expansion, old core of the village was connected to the neighboring ''[[salaš]]es''. Total area of the village is {{convert|32.13|km2|abbr=on}}<ref name=gens/> |
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By the 2000s, there were still surviving the old, original houses, made from the [[Wattle (construction)|wattle]] [[Wattle and daub|daubed with mud]], with wooden roofs covered with [[Reed (plant)|reed]]. The streets in the village are paved with the [[asphalt concrete]] while the sidewalks were made of concrete or bricks.<ref name=gens/> |
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Considered a prosperous settlement, by the 2000, Selenča had a kindergarten, a modern [[community health center]], cultural center, founded in 1948, with large library and a cinema, Slovak cultural-artistic society "Jan Kolar", also founded in 1948, with drama, music and dance sections and a hunters association.<ref name=gens/> |
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== Economy == |
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[[File:Bac mun.png|right|thumb|250px|Map of the Bač municipality showing the location of Selenča]] |
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Majority of population works in agriculture. However, Selenča is best known for the production of the [[sorghum]] [[brooms]]. Made from the [[tassels]] of sorghum, the brooms are produced in 25 workshops. Hence, the majority of farmers cultivate sorghum. Even during the period of [[Yugoslavia]], the village vas the major producer of this type of brooms.<ref name=Politika/><ref name=gens>{{cite book | title = Geografska enciklopedija naselja Srbije, I tom, A-Đ, strane 92–93 | trans-title = Geographical encyclopedia of the settlements of Serbia, Vol. I, A-Đ, pages 92–93 | author = Srboljub Đ. Stamenković | date = 2001 | publisher = University of Belgrade's Faculty of Geography, Belgrade }}</ref> |
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Up to 1980s and the 1990s, Selenča was considered a developed agrarian-cattle's settlement. Other than sorghum, crops include corn, wheat and [[Capsicum annuum|industrial pepper]]. Husbandry includes pigs, cattle, sheep and poultry. There was also a construction company "Slovan" in the village.<ref name=gens/> |
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== Education == |
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The first school, the Evangelical 4-grade one, was open in 1789. Since 1800 the Slovak Catholics were allowed to enroll. After 1918 the state school was founded, which after [[World War II]] became the full 8-grade elementary school, named "Jan Kolar". The new school building was finished in 1964 and today it is one of 17 elementary schools in Serbia in which the teaching is in Slovak.<ref name=Politika/> |
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== Religion == |
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There are a couple of churches in the village. The Evangelical church was built in 1870.<ref name=Politika/> There is also a Roman Catholic church.<ref name=gens/> |
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== See also == |
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*[[List of places in Serbia]] |
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*[[List of cities, towns and villages in Vojvodina]] |
*[[List of cities, towns and villages in Vojvodina]] |
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==References== |
== References == |
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{{Reflist|30em}} |
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*Slobodan Ćurčić, Broj stanovnika Vojvodine, Novi Sad, 1996. |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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{{ |
{{commons category|Selenča}} |
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*[http://www.selenca.rs Selenča official web page] |
*[http://www.selenca.rs Selenča official web page] |
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{{South Bačka District}} |
{{South Bačka District}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{coord|45|25|N|19|18|E|region:RS_type:city|display=title}} |
{{coord|45|25|N|19|18|E|region:RS_type:city|display=title}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Selenca}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Selenca}} |
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{{SouthBačkaRS-geo-stub}} |
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[[Category:Places in Bačka]] |
[[Category:Places in Bačka]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Bač, Serbia]] |
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[[Category:Bač, Vojvodina]] |
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[[Category:South Bačka District]] |
[[Category:South Bačka District]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Slovak communities in Serbia]] |
Latest revision as of 19:47, 2 November 2024
Selenča
| |
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Coordinates: 45°25′N 19°18′E / 45.417°N 19.300°E | |
Country | Serbia |
Province | Vojvodina |
Region | Bačka |
District | South Bačka |
Municipality | Bač |
Local community | Selenča |
Government | |
• President of the Local community council | Marina Vrabčenjak (in 2022) |
Area | |
• Total | 12.41 sq mi (32.13 km2) |
Elevation | 279 ft (85 m) |
Population (2011) | |
• Total | 2,996 |
• Density | 240/sq mi (93/km2) |
Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
Selenča (Serbian: Селенча, Slovak: Selenča, Hungarian: Bácsújfalu) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Bač municipality, South Bačka District, Vojvodina province. The village had a population of 2,996 according to the 2011 census, with an overwhelming Slovak ethnic majority (over 90%).[1]
Location
[edit]Selenča is located in the Bačka region, in the South Bačka District, seated in Novi Sad, also the provincial capital. It is situated 4 km (2.5 mi) northeast from Bač,[2] its municipal seat, and 157 km (98 mi) northwest of the capital Belgrade.[1]
It is bounded by the village of Ratkovo on the north, Parage on the east, Tovariševo on the south, Deronje on the northwest and the town of Bač on the west and southwest.
Geography
[edit]The village is located on the diluvial terrace, at an altitude of 85 m (279 ft), 3 km (1.9 mi) north of the Karavukovo-Bački Petrovac canal, part of the Danube–Tisa–Danube Canal.[1] Channeled river Mostonga is to the west.
The Bač Fishpond is located west of the village, while the protected reserve of the Karađorđevo hunting ground is just to the southwest.
History
[edit]It is known that the surrounding area was inhabited prior to the 1526 Battle of Mohacs.[1] The settlement was mentioned for the first time in 1590, during the Ottoman period, under the name of Selence. It was a small village of 26 houses, inhabited by the Serbs.[2]
The contract which established the Slovak settlement was signed in 1758. At that time, the Slovaks were migrating from the northern sections of Hungary, at that time part of Austria, into the fertile southern parts, modern Vojvodina. In that first year, vital records show that 9 babies were born.[1] The original Slovak settlers were Evangelicals, but due to the religious skirmishes they were forced out later. Another wave of Slovak settlers from Slovakia, this time Roman Catholic ones, settled into the empty houses.[2]
The migration waves dwindled by the end of the 18th century.[2] By the end of the 18th century an arranged settlement with proper streets developed.[1]
The electricity reached the village in 1908 and the phone lines in 1937. In 1985 the central communal water supply system was finished.[2]
Name
[edit]There are two major theories on the origin of the village name. One, which claims that the toponym Selenča is a diminutive of the word selo, a generic Slavic term for a village in general. The other theory says that it marks the place of migration (seliti se, selište).[1]
Administration
[edit]With the rest of Vojvodina, Selenča became part of Serbia on 25 November 1918, and part of the united South Slav state, future Yugoslavia, on 1 December 1918. During the Interbellum, the village had its own municipality which comprised only Selenča. The municipality was part of the srez Odžaci which was originally within the okrug of Bačka and Baranja, and in 1929 became part of the Danube Banovina.[3][4]
After World War II, Selenča municipality remained part of the srez Odžaci until they were abolished with the massive changes in the administrative and territorial changes in Yugoslavia in the late 1950s and early 1960s. By the 1961 census, it became part of the Bač municipality.[5][6][7]
Demographics
[edit]Ethnic groups (2002 census):
- Slovaks = 2,990
- Romani = 175
- Serbs = 45
- Hungarians = 12
Selenča has been continuously depopulating since the 1960s.[8] In the 2010s, the majority of émigrés left for Slovakia and Italy in search of work.[1]
The Slovaks remained in the overwhelming majority. Since the 1960s and 1970s, the Romani began settling in the village.[2]
Historical population
[edit]
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Source: [3][4][8][9] |
Characteristics
[edit]In the 19th century, the Imperial Austrian surveyors were sent to re-measure the area and to set the future look of the village. They measured and marked the main and side streets, divided the area in the lots for housing, yards, churches and other public buildings. They arranged the crossings of streets at the right angles so the village consists of the proper blocks which contain 12 houses each.[1]
Hence, Selenča is a typical settlement of the Pannonian type, compact, square shaped, with the regular grid-like layout of the streets. However, as the village grew, generally in the southwest–northeast direction, the non-planned building and expansion produced irregular street patterns on the periphery. With this expansion, old core of the village was connected to the neighboring salašes. Total area of the village is 32.13 km2 (12.41 sq mi)[2]
By the 2000s, there were still surviving the old, original houses, made from the wattle daubed with mud, with wooden roofs covered with reed. The streets in the village are paved with the asphalt concrete while the sidewalks were made of concrete or bricks.[2]
Considered a prosperous settlement, by the 2000, Selenča had a kindergarten, a modern community health center, cultural center, founded in 1948, with large library and a cinema, Slovak cultural-artistic society "Jan Kolar", also founded in 1948, with drama, music and dance sections and a hunters association.[2]
Economy
[edit]Majority of population works in agriculture. However, Selenča is best known for the production of the sorghum brooms. Made from the tassels of sorghum, the brooms are produced in 25 workshops. Hence, the majority of farmers cultivate sorghum. Even during the period of Yugoslavia, the village vas the major producer of this type of brooms.[1][2]
Up to 1980s and the 1990s, Selenča was considered a developed agrarian-cattle's settlement. Other than sorghum, crops include corn, wheat and industrial pepper. Husbandry includes pigs, cattle, sheep and poultry. There was also a construction company "Slovan" in the village.[2]
Education
[edit]The first school, the Evangelical 4-grade one, was open in 1789. Since 1800 the Slovak Catholics were allowed to enroll. After 1918 the state school was founded, which after World War II became the full 8-grade elementary school, named "Jan Kolar". The new school building was finished in 1964 and today it is one of 17 elementary schools in Serbia in which the teaching is in Slovak.[1]
Religion
[edit]There are a couple of churches in the village. The Evangelical church was built in 1870.[1] There is also a Roman Catholic church.[2]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Andrijana Cvetićanin (19 August 2018). "Мало место са много метли" [Small place with many brooms]. Politika-Magazin, No. 1090 (in Serbian). pp. 20–21.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Srboljub Đ. Stamenković (2001). Geografska enciklopedija naselja Srbije, I tom, A-Đ, strane 92–93 [Geographical encyclopedia of the settlements of Serbia, Vol. I, A-Đ, pages 92–93]. University of Belgrade's Faculty of Geography, Belgrade.
- ^ a b Final results of the census of population from 31 January 1921, page 360. Kingdom of Yugoslavia – General State Statistics, Sarajevo. June 1932.
- ^ a b Final results of the census of population from 31 March 1931, page 53. Kingdom of Yugoslavia – General State Statistics, Belgrade. 1937.
- ^ Final results of the population census of March 15th 1948, Volume IX, Population by ethnic nationality, page 337. Federal Statistical, Belgrade. 1954.
- ^ Popis stanovništva 1953, Stanovništvo po narodnosti (pdf). Savezni zavod za statistiku, Beograd.
- ^ Popis stanovništva 1961, Stanovništvo prema nacionalnom sastavu (pdf). Savezni zavod za statistiku, Beograd.
- ^ a b Comparative overview of the number of population in 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2002 and 2011 – Data by settlements, page 29. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Belgrade. 2014. ISBN 978-86-6161-109-4.
- ^ Slobodan Ćurčić, Broj stanovnika Vojvodine, Novi Sad, 1996